CN107514085B - Roof wind load optimization system and method based on blowing and sucking air and roof structure - Google Patents

Roof wind load optimization system and method based on blowing and sucking air and roof structure Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107514085B
CN107514085B CN201710797358.5A CN201710797358A CN107514085B CN 107514085 B CN107514085 B CN 107514085B CN 201710797358 A CN201710797358 A CN 201710797358A CN 107514085 B CN107514085 B CN 107514085B
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roof
blowing
sucking
wind
air
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CN107514085A (en
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潘钧俊
崔家春
田炜
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East China Architectural Design and Research Institute Co Ltd
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East China Architectural Design and Research Institute Co Ltd
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B7/00Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04DROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D13/00Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
    • E04D13/17Ventilation of roof coverings not otherwise provided for

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a roof wind load optimization system and method based on blowing and sucking air and a roof structure. The scheme is suitable for improving unfavorable wind load of the roof structure, particularly unfavorable negative pressure wind load, improving the wind pressure of a negative pressure distribution area of the roof and improving the wind resistance of the roof; in addition, the application range of the scheme is not limited to a specific roof form and a specific weather wind condition, and the wind resistance of the roof structure can be effectively improved under the condition that the pneumatic appearance of the existing building is not changed.

Description

Roof wind load optimization system and method based on blowing and sucking air and roof structure
Technical Field
The invention relates to a roof technology, in particular to a wind load optimization technology of a roof.
Background
The large span structure is taken as a novel structural system, and the structural performance of the large span structure has a plurality of characteristics different from the traditional structure, so that the large span structure also provides challenges for the existing design theory and analysis means.
(1) The construction form is complex. The large-span roof structure is mostly in a complex curved surface form, and the building shapes are almost identical, so that the difference of wind pressure distribution conditions on the surface of the structure is obvious.
(2) The space-time characteristics of wind load are complex. Because the span of the structure form of the large-span roof in the horizontal direction is usually far greater than the structure height, the wind pressure distribution on the surface of the structure is not only related to the pulsation characteristic of the incoming flow, but also is more influenced by the characteristic turbulence of the structure, so that the prior art is difficult to obtain a gust load model universally applicable to the structure of the large-span roof.
(4) The complex nature of blunt body bypass flow. The flow of the incoming flow around the building comprises atmospheric turbulence, separated flow generated by a separated shear layer, three-dimensional flow generated by reattached wake flow and the like, and the wind load characteristic is directly related to the geometric shape of the structure as well as the influence of factors such as topography, surrounding building environment and the like.
Based on the above points, due to the complexity of the atmospheric wind environment in the environments of good-state wind and extreme meteorological conditions, the characteristics of the large-span roof structure and the complex characteristics of wind load effect cannot be well combined based on the prior art, unnecessary waste is often caused, and certain unexpected hidden dangers are not eliminated.
Wind disaster accidents of the large-span roof structure are also endangered. Under the condition that the atmospheric wind environment and the wind load characteristic of the large-span roof cannot be thoroughly understood, how to design a scheme for the large-span roof structure can effectively improve the wind resistance of the roof structure under the condition that the pneumatic appearance of the existing building is not changed is a technical problem to be solved in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of the existing roof structure in the aspect of wind resistance, a new roof structure design scheme with strong wind resistance is needed.
Therefore, the invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a roof wind load optimizing system and method based on blowing and sucking air and a roof structure, and the wind resistance of the roof structure is improved on the premise of not changing the aerodynamic shape of the roof structure by actively adjusting the wind load distribution of the surface of the roof.
In order to solve the technical problems, the roof wind load optimizing system based on the blowing and sucking air provided by the invention actively adjusts the wind pressure of the roof surface by controlling the blowing and sucking air by the blowing and sucking mechanism.
Further, the roof wind load optimization system includes:
the wind pressure sensors are distributed on the surface of the roof;
the air blowing and sucking mechanisms are distributed on the surface of the roof and compensate the wind pressure of the surface of the roof through active air blowing;
and the control mechanism is in control connection with the wind pressure sensor and the blowing and sucking mechanism to form a wind load regulating loop of the roof.
Further, the wind pressure sensor adopts single-point or multi-point pressure measurement setting according to the area of the surface of the roof.
Further, the air blowing and sucking mechanism comprises a distributed air blowing and sucking port, a cornice air blowing and sucking port and an air blowing and sucking motor, wherein the distributed air blowing and sucking port is distributed at a sensitive position of a wind load negative pressure value of a roof, and the cornice air blowing and sucking port is distributed at a cornice incoming flow separation position; the blowing and sucking motor is controlled by the control mechanism and blows or sucks air to the distributed blowing and sucking port or/and the cornice blowing and sucking port.
Further, the distributed air blowing and sucking ports are long-strip-shaped or polygonal hole-shaped ports or circular hole-shaped ports which are spaced at a certain distance.
Furthermore, the distributed air blowing and sucking ports or/and cornice air blowing and sucking ports are provided with waterproof structures.
Further, the cornice blowing and sucking port is a long strip-shaped or polygonal hole-shaped port or a round hole-shaped port with short distance intervals.
Further, the blowing and sucking motor adjusts power according to feedback of the control mechanism, and wind speeds meeting the requirements of distributed blowing and sucking ports and cornice blowing and sucking ports are formed.
Further, the control mechanism forms a roof wind load regulating loop based on the corresponding relation between the wind pressure of the roof surface and the wind speeds of the distributed blowing air suction port and the cornice blowing air suction port.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a roof wind load optimizing method based on blowing and sucking, which adjusts the wind load distribution of the roof surface by actively adjusting the wind pressure of the roof surface through blowing and sucking.
Furthermore, the optimization method is based on the premise that the roof is loaded with existing wind under the instant wind environment condition, and active blowing and suction are carried out on the negative pressure distribution area of the roof to adjust the wind pressure of the negative pressure distribution area of the roof.
Further, the optimizing method comprises the following steps:
acquiring and judging whether the real-time wind pressure value of each area of the roof surface exceeds a threshold value;
actively blowing and sucking air for the area with the air pressure value exceeding the threshold value, and adjusting the air pressure value;
and monitoring the wind pressure value in real time, and correspondingly adjusting the power of active blowing and suction until the wind pressure value is reduced below a threshold value.
In order to solve the technical problems, the wind load optimized roof structure provided by the invention is provided with a roof wind load optimizing system based on blowing and sucking air.
According to the wind load optimization scheme of the roof structure, on the premise that the aerodynamic shape of the roof structure is not changed, the wind load distribution value of the roof is reduced through an active compensation method, the wind resistance of the roof structure is improved, and the occurrence possibility of wind disasters is reduced. The invention is suitable for newly built roof buildings and is also suitable for reconstruction engineering of existing large-span roof buildings.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a roof structure with punctiform distribution of blowing and suction ports in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a blowing and sucking mechanism in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of another blowing and sucking mechanism in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of a roof with strip-shaped distributed blowing and sucking ports in example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of a blowing and sucking mechanism in example 2 of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of another blowing and sucking mechanism in example 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following detailed drawings in order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement of the purpose and the effect of the implementation of the invention easy to understand.
According to the scheme, the wind pressure value of each area on the surface of the roof is monitored in real time, so that the wind pressure of each area on the surface of the roof is actively regulated by automatically blowing and sucking air, the wind pressure of a negative pressure distribution area of the roof is improved, the wind load distribution on the surface of the roof is actively regulated, the wind load of a roof structure is optimized, and the wind resistance of the roof is improved.
According to this principle, the specific implementation of this scheme is described below by way of corresponding examples.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1-2, the present example actively adjusts the roof surface wind load by providing a corresponding roof wind load optimization system in the roof structure that actively compensates for the blowing air against the roof surface.
The roof wind load optimization system 100 in this example is mainly disposed between the roof 210 of the roof 200 and the suspended ceiling 220 of the interior, so that the air blowing and suction can be effectively performed on the surface of the roof to realize active adjustment.
As can be seen from the figure, the present system 100 for optimizing wind load of roof mainly includes a wind pressure sensor 110, a distributed blowing air inlet 120, a cornice blowing air inlet 130, a distributed pipeline 140, a blowing air motor 150, and a control mechanism (not shown in the figure).
The wind pressure sensors 110 are distributed on the surface of the roof 210, and are used for monitoring the wind pressure (i.e. wind suction pressure) of the surface of the roof in real time. The wind pressure sensor 110 may be configured to measure pressure at a single point or multiple points, depending on the area of the roof covering panel, for single point or multiple point averaging.
The specific structure of the wind pressure sensor 110 is not described herein, so long as the real-time wind pressure value of the roof surface can be accurately measured.
The specific fixed structure of the wind pressure sensor 110 is not described here, so long as the stability is strong, and the construction is convenient.
The distributed blowing and sucking ports 120 are arranged on the roof 210 in a penetrating way and are used for blowing and sucking air to the surface of the roof 210, so that the active adjustment of the wind pressure value on the surface of the roof is realized.
In this example, the distribution blowing and suction ports 120 are preferably distributed in the sensitive area of the negative pressure value of the wind load on the surface of the roof, so as to be used for accurately and timely adjusting the negative pressure wind load of the roof.
The distribution air suction port 120 is a polygonal hole or a circular hole, and is distributed according to the area of the roof surface and the characteristics of different areas. By way of example, wind load negative pressure value sensitive areas such as on the roof surface are preferably distributed with a high distribution density, while other non-wind load negative pressure value sensitive areas may be distributed with a smaller density.
The distribution of the air blowing and suction ports 120 in each area of the roof surface may be, for example, an array-type uniform distribution at a certain distance or a multiple concentric distribution. The specific distribution manner of the distributed blowing and sucking ports 120 is not limited to this, and according to actual requirements, only the distributed blowing and sucking ports 120 can be sufficiently arranged in the relevant area of the roof surface, and the air pressure value in the area can be accurately and timely actively adjusted.
In particular embodiments, each of the ports of the distributed air-blowing openings 120 located on the roof surface is provided with a corresponding waterproof structure and port switch structure. The waterproof structure is used for placing rainwater into the distributed blowing and sucking port 120, and the specific structural form can be determined according to actual requirements. The port switch structure is used for controlling the opening and closing of the distributed blowing and sucking ports 120, and the specific structure form can be determined according to the actual requirement.
In addition, the ports of the distributed blowing and sucking ports 120 may be vertically disposed on the roof surface (as shown in fig. 3), that is, the ports are located at the ends of the distributed blowing and sucking ports 120 and directly vertically upward with respect to the roof surface, so that the blowing and sucking efficiency of the distributed blowing and sucking ports 120 can be ensured, and the wind speed can be conveniently controlled.
Alternatively, the ports of the distributed blowing and sucking ports 120 are parallel to the surface of the roof (as shown in fig. 3), that is, the ports are located at the side of the distributed blowing and sucking ports 120, so that blowing and sucking operations are performed in a direction parallel to the surface of the roof, and thus reliability and stability of blowing and sucking operations of the distributed blowing and sucking ports 120 can be ensured.
In this example, the cornice blow-off openings 130 are distributed at cornice flow separations with respect to the distribution blow-off openings 120 for cooperation with the distribution blow-off openings 120 to form corresponding air passages within the roof structure. Which serves as an air inlet or an air outlet, thereby implementing blowing and sucking on the roof surface in cooperation with the distributed blowing and sucking port 120 to actively adjust the wind pressure value thereof.
An elongated or short-spaced polygonal hole-like shape or a circular hole-like shape may be employed for the cornice blow-in port 130. According to the distribution scheme of polygonal hole openings or circular holes, the wind pressure value of the relevant area on the surface of the roof can be actively regulated by well matching with the corresponding distribution blowing and sucking openings.
The specific structure and the mounting structure of the cornice air inlet 130 are not limited, and the configuration may be determined according to actual requirements, so long as the stable reliability of the cornice air inlet can be ensured.
In particular implementations, the ports of each cornice blow-in port 130 are provided with corresponding waterproof structures and port switch structures. The waterproof structure is used for placing rainwater into the roof through the cornice air blowing port 130, and the specific structural form of the waterproof structure can be determined according to actual requirements. The port switch structure is used for controlling the opening and closing of the cornice air blowing port 130, and the specific structure form can be determined according to the actual requirements.
In this example, the blower motor 150 is disposed in the roof structure relative to each of the distributed blower inlets 120 and is connected to each of the distributed blower inlets 120 by a respective distribution duct 140 for controlling the speed and timing of blowing and suction by each of the distributed blower inlets 120.
The air blowing and sucking motor 150 is also in communication with the corresponding cornice air blowing port 130 as needed, so that the distribution air blowing port 120, the air blowing and sucking motor 150, and the cornice air blowing port 130 form one air blowing and sucking conduction.
The distribution pipe 140 adopts a hard wall pipe to ensure reliability.
The specific structure and arrangement of the blower motor 150 herein may be determined according to actual needs, and is not limited herein.
In this example, the control mechanism is a control center of the overall system that controls the port switch structure (how this is arranged) that connects all of the arranged wind pressure sensors 110, the blowing and suction motor 150, and the distributed blowing and suction ports 120 and cornice blowing and suction ports 130.
The control mechanism controls the wind pressure sensor, the distributed blowing air suction port 120, the blowing air suction motor 150 and the cornice blowing air suction port 130 to form a roof wind load adjusting loop, and specifically constructs a wind pressure and wind speed adjusting feedback loop of the distributed blowing air suction port and the cornice blowing air suction port, thereby realizing the function of optimizing the roof structure wind load.
Specifically, a corresponding wind pressure value (mainly controlling wind suction pressure) threshold value is preset for each area on the surface of the roof in the control mechanism, and accordingly, the existing wind load under the instant wind environment condition is formed according to the wind pressure value of each area on the surface of the roof monitored in real time by the wind pressure sensor; and then judging whether the partial pressure of each area on the surface of the roof is normal (particularly, the wind pressure of a negative pressure distribution area) or not based on a preset wind pressure value (mainly, the wind suction pressure) threshold value, forming corresponding adjusting feedback signals on the basis, controlling the opening or the relation of the distributed blowing air suction ports and cornice blowing air suction ports distributed in the corresponding areas and the starting or stopping of the blowing air suction motor through the adjusting feedback signals, so that the blowing air suction motor 150 adjusts the power according to the feedback of a control mechanism, and forming the wind speed meeting the requirement on the distributed blowing air suction ports and cornice blowing air suction ports, thereby accurately adjusting the wind pressure value of the roof and optimizing the wind load of the roof structure (such as improving the wind pressure of the negative pressure distribution area of the roof).
The specific constituent structure of the control mechanism herein is not limited as long as the corresponding center control function can be satisfied. The control mechanism is composed of, for example, a PC, a cloud server, an MCU, or a chipmaking, but is not limited thereto.
The roof wind load optimizing system is arranged in the corresponding roof, can take the existing wind load of the roof under the instant wind environment condition as an input value, takes a control wind pressure value (mainly control wind suction pressure) as a threshold value, and enables the wind pressure of the roof to be controlled below the threshold value through loop adjustment so as to achieve the effect of improving the wind resistance of the roof structure.
Accordingly, the process of optimizing and adjusting the wind load of the roof is as follows:
(1) The control mechanism forms the existing wind load under the instant wind environment condition according to the wind pressure value of each area on the roof surface monitored in real time by the wind pressure sensor;
(2) The control mechanism judges whether the obtained real-time wind pressure value of each area of the surface of the roof exceeds a threshold value according to a preset wind pressure value threshold value;
(3) Forming a corresponding adjusting feedback signal aiming at the area with the wind pressure value exceeding the threshold value, starting the blowing and sucking motor distributed in the area through the adjusting feedback signal, and controlling the blowing and sucking ports distributed in the area to be opened for blowing; opening cornice blowing and sucking ports distributed in the area to suck air, so as to actively blow and compensate the area of the roof surface with the wind pressure value exceeding a threshold value, and adjusting the wind pressure value;
(4) The control mechanism monitors the change of the wind pressure value of the roof surface area in real time through a wind pressure sensor, correspondingly adjusts the blowing and sucking power of a blowing and sucking motor, and forms the wind speed meeting the requirement on the corresponding distributed blowing and sucking port and cornice blowing and sucking port until the wind pressure value is reduced below a threshold value.
From the above, the scheme provided by the embodiment can enable the wind load distribution value of the roof to reach the target smaller than the target threshold value on the premise of not changing the aerodynamic shape of the roof structure, thereby improving the wind resistance of the roof structure and reducing the occurrence possibility of wind disasters.
In addition, the scheme is not limited to a specific roof form and a specific weather wind condition, and can effectively improve the wind resistance of the roof structure under the condition that the pneumatic appearance of the existing building is not changed.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 4-6, the present example provides a structural formation that adjusts the distributed blowing and suction ports based on the scheme of example 1, in which the strip-shaped distributed blowing and suction port 160 is used in place of the polygonal hole-shaped or circular hole-shaped distributed blowing and suction port 120 of example 1, to form a roof with a roof wind load optimization system having a strip-shaped distributed blowing and suction port.
The distribution of the strip-shaped distribution blowing and sucking ports 160 on the roof surface can be determined according to practical requirements, and is not limited herein. As shown, a plurality of strip-shaped distribution air-blowing openings 160 are uniformly spaced apart from the roof surface, but not limited thereto. In cooperation therewith, wind pressure sensors 110 are distributed over the roof surface relative thereto.
On this basis, in order to match the characteristics of the strip-shaped distributed blowing and sucking ports 160, the blowing and sucking motor 150 is distributed on both sides of the strip-shaped distributed blowing and sucking ports 160 along the length direction thereof, and is communicated with the same through the corresponding distribution pipelines 140.
Other schemes in this embodiment are the same as those in embodiment 1, and a detailed description thereof is omitted here.
Therefore, the scheme provided by the embodiment can ensure that the wind load distribution value of the roof reaches the target smaller than the target threshold value on the premise of not changing the aerodynamic shape of the roof structure, thereby improving the wind resistance of the roof structure and reducing the occurrence possibility of wind disasters.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, principal features and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims (8)

1. The roof wind load optimizing system based on the blowing and sucking air is characterized in that the blowing and sucking air is controlled by a blowing and sucking mechanism to actively adjust the wind pressure of the surface area of the roof; the roof wind load optimization system comprises:
the wind pressure sensors are distributed on the surface of the roof, and are arranged by single-point or multi-point pressure measurement according to the area of the surface of the roof;
the air blowing and sucking mechanisms are distributed on the surface of the roof and compensate the wind pressure of the surface of the roof through active air blowing; the air blowing and sucking mechanism comprises a distributed air blowing and sucking port, a cornice air blowing and sucking port and an air blowing and sucking motor, wherein the distributed air blowing and sucking port is distributed at a position where the wind load negative pressure value of the roof is sensitive, and the cornice air blowing and sucking port is distributed at a cornice incoming flow separation position; the blowing and sucking motor is controlled by the control mechanism and blows or sucks air to the distributed blowing and sucking port or/and the cornice blowing and sucking port; the distributed air blowing and sucking ports are long strip-shaped or polygonal hole-shaped ports or circular hole-shaped ports which are spaced at a certain distance; the distributed air blowing and sucking ports or/and cornice air blowing and sucking ports are provided with waterproof structures;
and the control mechanism is in control connection with the wind pressure sensor and the blowing and sucking mechanism to form a wind load regulating loop of the roof.
2. The roof wind load optimization system of claim 1, wherein the cornice blowing air suction openings are short-spaced elongated or polygonal or circular openings.
3. The roof wind load optimizing system according to claim 1, wherein the blowing and sucking motor adjusts power according to feedback of the control mechanism to form wind speeds satisfying distributed blowing and sucking ports and cornice blowing and sucking ports.
4. The roof wind load optimizing system according to claim 1, wherein the control means forms a roof wind load adjusting circuit based on a correspondence between a wind pressure of a roof surface and wind speeds of a distributed blowing air inlet and a cornice blowing air inlet.
5. Roof wind load optimization method based on blowing and sucking air, characterized in that the wind load distribution of the roof surface area is adjusted by actively adjusting the wind pressure of the roof surface through blowing and sucking air based on the roof wind load optimization system according to any one of claims 1-4.
6. The method for optimizing wind load of roof according to claim 5, wherein the method is based on the premise that the roof is under the existing wind load under the instant wind environment condition, and actively blowing and sucking are performed for the negative pressure distribution area of the roof to adjust the wind pressure of the negative pressure distribution area of the roof.
7. The roof wind load optimization method according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the optimization method comprises:
acquiring and judging whether the real-time wind pressure value of each area of the roof surface exceeds a threshold value;
actively blowing and sucking air for the area with the air pressure value exceeding the threshold value, and adjusting the air pressure value;
and monitoring the wind pressure value in real time, and correspondingly adjusting the power of active blowing and suction until the wind pressure value is reduced below a threshold value.
8. A wind load optimised roof structure characterised by having a roof wind load optimised system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4.
CN201710797358.5A 2017-09-06 2017-09-06 Roof wind load optimization system and method based on blowing and sucking air and roof structure Active CN107514085B (en)

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CN110514383B (en) * 2019-09-03 2020-12-22 温州春桦秋时科技有限公司 Wind load real-time measuring room capable of changing roof form
CN113898084B (en) * 2021-11-09 2022-11-29 长沙理工大学 Remote control pneumatic optimization device suitable for overhanging roof and use method thereof

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