CN107512918A - 一种资源回用的预制砖 - Google Patents

一种资源回用的预制砖 Download PDF

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CN107512918A
CN107512918A CN201710739383.8A CN201710739383A CN107512918A CN 107512918 A CN107512918 A CN 107512918A CN 201710739383 A CN201710739383 A CN 201710739383A CN 107512918 A CN107512918 A CN 107512918A
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preformed bricks
waste material
mullite
powder
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山国强
许高
王强
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CHANGXING XING YING BUILDING MATERIAL Co Ltd OF NEW FIRE-RESISTANT
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种资源回用的预制砖，属于耐火材料技术领域，按质量分数计，包括：莫来石10~20份；矾土10~20份；铁沟废料10~20份；硅莫砖废料10~20份；金红石粉5~10份；熟高铝粉10~20份；氧化镁微粉1‑3份；硅微粉5~8份；氧化铝微粉3~5份；铝酸钙水泥3~8份；三聚磷酸钠0.15~0.18份；防爆纤维0.12~0.17份。该预制砖代替现有技术的浇注料，并实现对铁沟废料和硅莫砖废料的资源化回收利用，同时保证了预制砖的性能的优异。

Description

一种资源回用的预制砖
技术领域
本发明涉及耐火材料技术领域，具体地指一种资源回用的预制砖。
背景技术
目前，在冶金、建材等行业高温窑炉都存在着待利用的耐火废料，如用后铁沟料的废弃品和回转窑使用过的硅莫砖废料等，现有技术中的处理措施往往是将其掩埋，浪费了其中的原料成本，还会占用大量土地；只要对其表面的低熔点杂质进行处理，仍然可以作为耐火原料重新进行工业应用。
此外，水泥窑内衬墙体很多部位都是由浇注料在施工现场浇注成型，作业工序比较多，需要完成清理筒体、锚固钉焊接、支模、浇注、养护、脱模等工序，浇筑完毕后还需要养护、烘烤后才能够投入使用，整体而言，现场浇注加水量随意性大，浇注质量不易控制，施工劳动强度也大，施工周期较长，并且现有浇注料浇注成的窑炉衬体常常因为施工等因素导致浇注料强度低、耐磨性差、热震稳定性差、导热系数大等缺陷，窑炉筒体外壁温度高、热损耗大、使用寿命较短，耐火衬体更换较为频繁，费时费力又影响生产。
发明内容
本发明的目的就是要提供一种资源回用的预制砖，以代替现有技术的浇注料，并实现对铁沟废料和硅莫砖废料的资源化回收利用，同时又满足了对预制砖的性能要求。
为实现上述目的，本发明所涉及的一种资源回用的预制砖，按质量分数计，由下列组分构成：
主料，包括：
莫来石10~20份；
矾土10~20份；
铁沟废料10~20份；
硅莫砖废料10~20份；
金红石粉5~10份；
熟高铝粉10~20份；
硅微粉5~8份；
氧化镁微粉3~5份；
铝酸钙水泥3~8份；
外加料，包括：
三聚磷酸钠0.15~0.18份；
防爆纤维0.12~0.17份。
作为上述技术方案的优选，按质量分数计，由下列组分构成：
主料，包括：
莫来石15~20份；
矾土10~15份；
铁沟废料10~15份；
硅莫砖废料10~12份；
金红石粉8~10份；
熟高铝粉10~12份；
硅微粉5~6份；
氧化镁微粉3~4份；
铝酸钙水泥6~8份；
外加料，包括：
三聚磷酸钠0.16份；
防爆纤维0.15份。
作为上述技术方案的优选，所述防爆纤维为以聚丙烯为原料经烘烤后得到的纤维材料。
作为上述技术方案的优选，所述莫来石为烧结莫来石骨料或莫来石细粉。
铁沟通过在铁沟内保持一定量的铁水，在较长时间不会冷却，使耐火材料处于一个相对恒温状态，且通过铁沟内的铁水缓冲了铁口出来的铁水对沟壁和沟底的直接冲击，以及铁水的覆盖使耐火材料与外界空气隔离，避免了耐火材料的快速氧化。对高炉的稳产、高产具有重要支持作用；经过渣铁的侵蚀和渗透、铁水的冲击或机械/热能的震动，铁沟料易老化损坏而废弃，将其回收利用，降低了预制砖的制作成本；
硅莫砖也是水泥窑耐火砖行业中常见的材料，每次对水泥窑重新检修时都会替下大量的硅莫砖废料，本发明利用铁沟废料和硅莫砖废料作为预制砖的主要原料，实现了二者的资源化利用。
一种资源回用的预制砖的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
①混料：将主料按照配方配好，放在搅拌机中进行搅拌，然后加入外加料和水，继续进行搅拌；水的质量分数为5~12份；
②成形：将搅拌好的混合料加入到模具中，靠混合料的自重和表面张力摊平，抹去表面多余的混合料；
③养护：将装有混合料的模具放入25℃的恒温环境中，硬化后脱模，脱模后再放置至少48小时；
④干燥：将养护好的砖坯放置在电窑内进行烘干，烘干后自然冷却到室温；
⑤烧制：干燥后的砖坯放入加热炉中，按照3℃/min的升温速率升温到300℃，再以8℃/min的升温速率升温到1000℃，并保温4小时，然后自然冷却到室温，既得预制砖。
作为上述技术方案的优选，步骤④中电窑的温度设置为110℃，烘干时间至少为24小时。
本发明与现有技术相比，具有以下优点及有益效果：
（1）该预制砖现场施工方便，无需支模，浇注，养护等工序；所述预制砖利用了铁沟和硅莫砖作为主要原料，实现了资源的绿色回收，节约了成本，提供了一种新的废料处置思路；
（2）该预制砖采用陶瓷结合方式结合，提高了预制砖的高温性能；金红石粉可以与氧化镁微粉反应生成性能良好的钛酸镁，具有良好的抗碱侵蚀性；氧化镁微粉还能与材料中的硅莫砖，铁沟废料，硅微粉，等生成堇青石等物质并可吸收材料里面的杂质，大大提高了浇注料的抗热震抗侵蚀低热导热性能。
（3）采用本发明所述预制砖搭建而成的水泥窑的使用寿命及保温性能均较好。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步的详细描述，本发明不局限于这些实施例，凡是与本发明解决问题思路相适应的实例，均在本发明的保护范围内：
实施例1~实施例4的预制砖制备流程如下所述：
①混料：将主料按照配方配好，放在搅拌机中进行搅拌，然后加入外加料和水，继续进行搅拌；
②成形：将搅拌好的混合料加入到模具中，靠混合料的自重和表面张力摊平，抹去表面多余的混合料；
③养护：将装有混合料的模具放入25℃的恒温环境中，硬化后脱模，脱模后再放置48小时；
④干燥：将养护好的砖坯放置在电窑内以110℃进行烘干24小时，烘干后自然冷却到室温；
⑤烧制：干燥后的砖坯放入加热炉中，按照3℃/min的升温速率升温到300℃，再以8℃/min的升温速率升温到1000℃，并保温4小时，然后自然冷却到室温，既得预制砖。
实施例1~实施例4的预制砖配方见表一：
表一实施例1~实施例4的预制砖配方
表二为实施例1~实施例4所制备的预制砖性能参数
表二实施例1~实施例4所制备的预制砖性能参数
以上结果表明：本发明所述的预制砖利用了铁沟和硅莫砖的废料，实现了资源回收，符合绿色环保的理念；同时，该预制砖其导热率可小于0.24 W·m-1·K-1，其在1100℃~风冷的抗热震性能可达50次以上，抗压强度在100Mpa以上，具有优异的使用性能，使用寿命长，水泥窑外壁的使用寿命及保温性能较好。

Claims (6)

1.一种资源回用的预制砖，其特征在于，按质量分数计，由下列组分构成：
主料，包括：
莫来石10~20份；
矾土10~20份；
铁沟废料10~20份；
硅莫砖废料10~20份；
金红石粉5~10份；
熟高铝粉10~20份；
硅微粉5~8份；
氧化镁微粉3~5份；
铝酸钙水泥3~8份；
外加料，包括：
三聚磷酸钠0.15~0.18份；
防爆纤维0.12~0.17份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种资源回用的预制砖，其特征在于，按质量分数计，由下列组分构成：
主料，包括：
莫来石15~20份；
矾土10~15份；
铁沟废料10~15份；
硅莫砖废料10~12份；
金红石粉8~10份；
熟高铝粉10~12份；
硅微粉5~6份；
氧化镁微粉3~4份；
铝酸钙水泥6~8份；
外加料，包括：
三聚磷酸钠0.16份；
防爆纤维0.15份。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种资源回用的预制砖，其特征在于，所述防爆纤维为以聚丙烯为原料经烘烤后得到的纤维材料。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种资源回用的预制砖，其特征在于，所述莫来石为烧结莫来石骨料或莫来石细粉。
5.一种资源回用的预制砖的制备方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
①混料：将主料按照配方配好，放在搅拌机中进行搅拌，然后加入外加料和水，继续进行搅拌；
②成形：将搅拌好的混合料加入到模具中，靠混合料的自重和表面张力摊平，抹去表面多余的混合料；
③养护：将装有混合料的模具放入25℃的恒温环境中，硬化后脱模，脱模后再放置至少48小时；
④干燥：将养护好的砖坯放置在电窑内进行烘干，烘干后自然冷却到室温；
⑤烧制：干燥后的砖坯放入加热炉中，按照3℃/min的升温速率升温到300℃，再以8℃/min的升温速率升温到1000℃，并保温4小时，然后自然冷却到室温，既得预制砖。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种资源回用的预制砖的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤④中电窑的温度设置为110℃，烘干时间至少为24小时。
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CN112408999A (zh) * 2020-11-24 2021-02-26 瑞泰马钢新材料科技有限公司 一种环境节约型连铸中间包用干式料及其制备方法
CN113354402A (zh) * 2021-06-25 2021-09-07 西安建筑科技大学 一种用后水泥窑硅莫砖的表面改性方法及铁沟浇注料
CN113354402B (zh) * 2021-06-25 2023-02-28 西安建筑科技大学 一种用后水泥窑硅莫砖的表面改性方法及铁沟浇注料

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