CN107506695A - Video monitoring equipment failure automatic detection method - Google Patents

Video monitoring equipment failure automatic detection method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107506695A
CN107506695A CN201710629187.5A CN201710629187A CN107506695A CN 107506695 A CN107506695 A CN 107506695A CN 201710629187 A CN201710629187 A CN 201710629187A CN 107506695 A CN107506695 A CN 107506695A
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image
convolution
layer
video monitoring
monitoring equipment
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陈先桥
於利艳
石义龙
周三三
赵春芳
严星
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Wuhan University of Technology WUT
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Wuhan University of Technology WUT
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06VIMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V20/00Scenes; Scene-specific elements
    • G06V20/40Scenes; Scene-specific elements in video content
    • G06V20/41Higher-level, semantic clustering, classification or understanding of video scenes, e.g. detection, labelling or Markovian modelling of sport events or news items
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06NCOMPUTING ARRANGEMENTS BASED ON SPECIFIC COMPUTATIONAL MODELS
    • G06N3/00Computing arrangements based on biological models
    • G06N3/02Neural networks
    • G06N3/04Architecture, e.g. interconnection topology
    • G06N3/045Combinations of networks
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06NCOMPUTING ARRANGEMENTS BASED ON SPECIFIC COMPUTATIONAL MODELS
    • G06N3/00Computing arrangements based on biological models
    • G06N3/02Neural networks
    • G06N3/08Learning methods
    • G06N3/084Backpropagation, e.g. using gradient descent
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00Television systems
    • H04N7/18Closed-circuit television [CCTV] systems, i.e. systems in which the video signal is not broadcast

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of video monitoring equipment failure automatic detection method, this method comprises the following steps, convolution self-encoding encoder uses the heterogeneous networks number of plies and the feature of concealed nodes number extraction monitoring image, in pond, layer carries out image characteristics extraction, and iterative convolution self-encoding encoder restrains until the accuracy rate of disaggregated model;The feature for the monitoring image that convolutional neural networks extract convolution self-encoding encoder as image classification foundation, so as to realize supervised learning;Convolutional neural networks carry out network model training with parallelization computing framework, after network model training terminates, the model are applied to the assorting process of test image, judges video monitoring equipment damaged condition according to classification results.Video monitoring equipment failure automatic detection method of the present invention, corresponding algorithm improvement is proposed for video monitoring equipment fault detect, so as to propose the method for automatic fast detecting failure.

Description

Video monitoring equipment failure automatic detection method
Technical field
The invention belongs to deep learning algorithm field, more particularly to a kind of video monitoring equipment failure automatic detection method.
Background technology
Traditional video monitoring equipment fault detect is mainly realized by machinery equipment sensor, still, in reality detection Sensor can have failure in itself, lead to not the failure situation for checking video equipment in time.The present invention is using monitoring image point The mode of class detects video monitoring equipment failure.Monitoring image classification refers to the screenshot capture reserved during monitoring according to black It is screen, colour cast, normal and the feature such as block and be divided into 4 classes.It is mainly used for the damage that monitoring device is judged according to the result of classification Situation.The classification of image needs enough training samples, but because training sample does not have label, and convolutional Neural can not be completed The foundation of network model.Unsupervised learning can solve this problem.The feature that unsupervised learning provides is convolutional neural networks Classification provide the foundation of classification.
2006, Hinton was improved to prototype autocoder structure, first with unsupervised successively greedy training algorithm The pre-training to hidden layer is completed, parameter optimization adjustment then is carried out to whole neutral net with BP algorithm, is effectively improved BP calculations Method is absorbed in the situation of Local Minimum.2007, Benjio proposed the concept of sparse autocoder, had further deepened without prison The research that educational inspector practises.2011, Jonathan proposed convolution autocoder, for building convolutional neural networks.Pass through The research of the neutral net scholar such as Hinton, Bengio and Jonathan, the self-encoding encoder of unsupervised learning are automatic comprising prototype The models such as encoder, sparse autocoder, noise reduction autocoder, convolution autocoder and RBM.It is unsupervised to compare these Learning model, common self-encoding encoder can not effectively solve the problems, such as the pondization in view data and albefaction, and can produce when training Raw substantial amounts of nuisance parameter reduces operation efficiency.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a kind of video monitoring equipment failure automatic detection method, for Video monitoring equipment fault detect proposes corresponding algorithm improvement, so as to propose the method for automatic fast detecting failure.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:A kind of video monitoring equipment failure is provided to examine automatically Survey method, step 1, convolution self-encoding encoder is using the heterogeneous networks number of plies and the feature of concealed nodes number extraction monitoring image, in pond Change layer and carry out image characteristics extraction, iterative convolution self-encoding encoder restrains until the accuracy rate of disaggregated model;Step 2, convolutional Neural The feature for the monitoring image that network extracts convolution self-encoding encoder as image classification foundation, so as to realize supervised learning;Step Rapid three, convolutional neural networks carry out network model training with parallelization computing framework, after network model training terminates, by the mould Type is applied to the assorting process of test image;Step 4, judge video monitoring equipment damaged condition according to classification results.Convolution god It is to be combined together parallel through network and convolution self-encoding encoder.Convolution self-encoding encoder is unsupervised Feature Selection Model.
By above-mentioned technical proposal, in the step 2, during the batch convolution of convolutional neural networks and pond, using not The image classification accuracy rate of convolutional neural networks is analyzed with the convolution core of size and pond region, model accuracy rate Scope is 79.8%-82.3%.Meanwhile the framework of CUDA concurrent operations is added into training process in convolutional neural networks, it will instruct Practice speed and improve 1.1-1.2 times.
By above-mentioned technical proposal, convolution self-encoding encoder by input layer, convolutional layer, pond layer, anti-pond layer, warp lamination, Output layer forms successively, and input layer carries out convolution algorithm with 6 8*8 convolution kernel and obtains convolutional layer;Then convolutional layer is made For input, downscaled images matrix is operated using 2*2 average pondization;Then the image array after diminution is subjected to being averaged for 2*2 Anti- pondization operation, partial reduction image array;Finally original matrix is gone back using matrix zero padding operation.Propose 5 layers of self-encoding encoder knot Structure, add the operation of anti-pond layer and warp lamination, greatly sparse network structure, experiment prove the CAE of 5 Rotating fields have compared with Good feature extraction effect.
By above-mentioned technical proposal, in the training of network model described in step 3, automatically extracted based on convolution self-encoding encoder The feature of video monitoring image, label is added for training sample.Convolutional neural networks belong to supervised learning network.
By above-mentioned technical proposal, convolutional neural networks by input layer, the first convolutional layer, the first pond layer, the second convolutional layer, Second pond layer, full articulamentum, output layer form successively.Input layer carries out convolution algorithm with 6 8*8 convolution kernel and rolled up Lamination, then using convolutional layer as input, downscaled images matrix, so circulation 3 times are operated using 2*2 average pondization, finally Image array is converted into 120 yuan of one-dimensional vector, one-dimensional vector is input in grader and realizes classification.
By above-mentioned technical proposal, in back-propagation process, convolutional neural networks carry out the training side of network model training Method uses class gradient descent method, i.e., propagates adjustment weights and threshold value by the algorithm of minimization error, learning rate is in training at the beginning of meeting The number to begin between (0,1), but when learning rate value is larger, in training the problem of convergence is shaken can occur for network;When When learning rate is smaller, network convergence can be extremely slow.Select momentum method to change learning rate, in the consistent place of gradient direction, learn The selection of habit rate (0.65,0.95] between, again be changed into just being changed into negative again from negative from being just changed into negative in gradient direction, such gradient side To when changing more than 2 times, learning rate is changed according to formula (1):
Δηt=ρ Δs ηt-1-θ[▽C(ηt-1)]T (1)
ΔηtFor the changing value of learning rate after the t times iteration, Δ ηt-1Represent the changing value of the t-1 times iterative learning rate, t Represent iterations.Wherein learning rate η ∈ (0,1), initial value takes 0.9.ρ ∈ (0,1) are factor of momentum, determine what learning rate changed Degree, value is bigger, and learning rate change is smaller, takes 0.8.θ=0.2 is the result that gradient direction change frequency removes 10, is constant, ladder Degree direction change then needs for 2 times to carry out learning rate adjustment.▽C(ηt-1) it is image array changing value, it is worth to be adjusted with the t-1 times iteration The result that image array subtracts each other after whole, wherein C represent image array, and T represents transposition.
It so can both avoid convergence point from shaking problem, and also solve the problems, such as that convergence was slow.Convolution kernel initial value is chosen It is improper easily to produce locally optimal solution.Use micro- batch gradient descent algorithm herein, every time 50 Sample Refreshment gradients of selection and Sample.It can so avoid disposably initializing all convolution kernels, problem be refined, Decomposition iteration.
The beneficial effect comprise that:Convolutional neural networks are proposed to be supervised with reference to improved convolution self-encoding encoder Image classification is controlled, parallelization computing framework is carried out in convolutional neural networks training process, so as to propose automatic quick detection event The method of barrier.
Brief description of the drawings
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described, in accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of video monitoring equipment failure automatic detection method of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is CAE structural representations in video monitoring equipment failure automatic detection method of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the micro- batch gradient descent algorithm flow chart of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is deep layer of embodiment of the present invention CNN basic structure;
Fig. 5 is that concurrent operation efficiency comparative schemes in the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, it is right below in conjunction with drawings and Examples The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only to explain the present invention, not For limiting the present invention.
In the embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a kind of video monitoring equipment failure automatic detection method, as shown in figure 1, step 1, Convolution self-encoding encoder is using the heterogeneous networks number of plies and the feature of concealed nodes number extraction monitoring image, and in pond, it is special to carry out image for layer Sign extraction, iterative convolution self-encoding encoder restrain until the accuracy rate of disaggregated model;Step 2, convolutional neural networks are self-editing by convolution Foundation of the feature of the monitoring image of code device extraction as image classification, so as to realize supervised learning;Step 3, convolutional Neural net Network carries out network model training with parallelization computing framework, and after network model training terminates, the model is applied into test chart The assorting process of picture;Step 4, judge video monitoring equipment damaged condition according to classification results.Convolutional neural networks and convolution are certainly Encoder is to be combined together parallel.Convolution self-encoding encoder is unsupervised Feature Selection Model.
Further, in the step 2, during the batch convolution of convolutional neural networks and pond, different size is used Convolution core and pond region the image classification accuracy rate of convolutional neural networks is analyzed, the scope of model accuracy rate is 79.8%-82.3%.Meanwhile the framework of CUDA concurrent operations is added into training process in convolutional neural networks, by training speed Improve 1.1-1.2 times.
Further, as shown in Fig. 2 convolution self-encoding encoder is by input layer, convolutional layer, pond layer, anti-pond layer, deconvolution Layer, output layer form successively, and input layer carries out convolution algorithm with 6 8*8 convolution kernel and obtains convolutional layer;Then by convolutional layer As input, downscaled images matrix is operated using 2*2 average pondization;Then the image array after diminution is subjected to the flat of 2*2 Anti- pondization operation, partial reduction image array;Finally original matrix is gone back using matrix zero padding operation.Propose 5 layers of self-encoding encoder Structure, the operation of anti-pond layer and warp lamination is added, greatly sparse network structure, experiment proves that the CAE of 5 Rotating fields has Preferable feature extraction effect.
Further, in the training of network model described in step 3, supervised based on the video that convolution self-encoding encoder automatically extracts The feature of image is controlled, label is added for training sample.Convolutional neural networks belong to supervised learning network.
Further, convolutional neural networks are by input layer, the first convolutional layer, the first pond layer, the second convolutional layer, the second pond Change layer, full articulamentum, output layer to form successively.Input layer carries out convolution algorithm with 6 8*8 convolution kernel and obtains convolutional layer, Then using convolutional layer as input, downscaled images matrix, so circulation 3 times are operated using 2*2 average pondization, finally by image Matrix is converted into 120 yuan of one-dimensional vector, and one-dimensional vector is input in grader and realizes classification.
Further, in back-propagation process, the training method that convolutional neural networks carry out network model training uses Class gradient descent method, i.e., propagate adjustment weights and threshold value by the algorithm of minimization error, learning rate can be initially in training (0, 1) number between, but when learning rate value is larger, in training the problem of convergence is shaken can occur for network;When learning rate compared with Hour, network convergence can be extremely slow.As shown in Figure 3.Momentum method is selected to change learning rate, in the consistent place of gradient direction, Learning rate selection (0.65,0.95] between, again be changed into just being changed into negative again from negative from being just changed into negative in gradient direction, such gradient When direction change is more than 2 times, learning rate is changed according to formula (1):
Δηt=ρ Δs ηt-1-θ[▽C(ηt-1)]T (1)
ΔηtFor the changing value of learning rate after the t times iteration, Δ ηt-1Represent the changing value of the t-1 times iterative learning rate, t Represent iterations.Wherein learning rate η ∈ (0,1), initial value takes 0.9.ρ ∈ (0,1) are factor of momentum, determine what learning rate changed Degree, value is bigger, and learning rate change is smaller, takes 0.8.θ=0.2 is the result that gradient direction change frequency removes 10, is constant, ladder Degree direction change then needs for 2 times to carry out learning rate adjustment.▽C(ηt-1) it is image array changing value, it is worth to be adjusted with the t-1 times iteration The result that image array subtracts each other after whole, wherein C represent image array, and T represents transposition.
It so can both avoid convergence point from shaking problem, and also solve the problems, such as that convergence was slow.Convolution kernel initial value is chosen It is improper easily to produce locally optimal solution.Use micro- batch gradient descent algorithm herein, every time 50 Sample Refreshment gradients of selection and Sample.It can so avoid disposably initializing all convolution kernels, problem be refined, Decomposition iteration.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the equipment that the embodiment of the present invention uses is 4 core Intel Core 2.2GHz I5-5200U CPU and tall and handsome reach Geforce GT 750MGPU.Software environment uses Matlab and JAVA programming realizations, program Bottom has used CUDA concurrent operation framework.Matlab is mainly used in locating pretreatment image, and image preprocessing is mainly comprising number According to standardization and image dimension-reduction treatment.The present invention 1000 monitoring images of selection include 4 altogether as training sample, the data set Individual classification is normal, colour cast, blank screen respectively and blocks respectively and has 250 pictures.100 pictures are therefrom randomly selected as test Sample, each type respectively select 25.Each data sample of data set be 53*53 RGB image, the value model of pixel value It is 0 to 255 to enclose, and image data samples save as an one-dimensional vector.
The CNN frameworks that the embodiment of the present invention is used are as shown in figure 4, the parameter setting such as specific convolution kernel size refers to table 1.It is defeated Enter the RGB figures that picture is defined as 53*53;The image (normal, colour cast, blank screen, blocking) of corresponding 4 types of output.The present invention The CNN that embodiment is used with reference to LeNet.Parameter setting based on LeNet, the present embodiment is according to real image size by CNN Parameter setting is adjusted to as shown in table 1.The training accuracy rate stabilization that experiment finally obtains identifies in 82.3%, specifically each classification Accuracy rate be shown in Table 2, wherein for blank screen recognition efficiency be 100%, be 68% He for colour cast and normal picture discrimination 76.9%, the discrimination for shielded image is 84.4%.
Table 1
Table 2
The present invention is incorporated with CUDA parallelization computing framework, parallelization operation of the present invention while neutral net is realized Framework realizes that java can not directly invoke CUDA, it is necessary to call CUDA kernel program by JNI using java herein.Under Introduce the process that JNI calls CUDA in face:
(1) the java classes of the abstract method with native statements are write, it is not necessary to realize, such is mainly the meter of convolution Calculate the runnable interface that parallelization is provided.
(2) ExtactLib file generateds .h header file is compiled using javah orders, to import in c program.Tool Body order is javah-jni ExtactLib.
(3) C nation method is realized, writes CUDA kernel programs, imports the ExtactLib.h of generation in a program File, and c program is stored in using .cu as in the file of suffix name.And the .cu files of generation are compiled into dynamic link library LibGPU.dll supplies java routine calls.
By the addition of parallelization computing framework, training effectiveness and forecasting efficiency are greatly improved.Compare parallel and string Capable implementation, efficiency improve 1.1-1.2 times, as shown in Figure 5.
It is of the invention to have done comparative analysis with following classic algorithm in the classification degree of accuracy and in terms of the training time:
(1) statistic histogram:The colour cast and blank screen of image can be by counting color histogram analysis result directly perceived.
(2) BP neural network:Classical three-layer neural network.
(3)GoogLeNet:Google proposes 22 layers of deep neural network structure within 2014.
(4)VGGnet:The network structure that Oxford in 2014 team establishes on ILSVRC2014.
Each method contrast realizes that effect is as shown in table 3:
Table 3
The weights shared structure of convolutional neural networks (CNN) reduces the complexity of network model, reduces the number of weights Amount.What the advantage showed when the input of network is multidimensional image becomes apparent, and allows input of the image directly as network, Avoid feature extraction complicated in tional identification algorithm and data reconstruction processes.And CAE is reconstructed using important local feature Initial data, and all local features of input data share weight matrix, the extraction to characteristics of image has huge advantage.This Text is that the local shape factor to monitoring image is realized based on improved convolution autocoder.
The present invention for possess a large amount of cameras at present and can not fast positioning damage plant issue, proposition uses depth The method of habit solves video monitoring equipment fault detect.The method for deep learning proposes convolutional neural networks combination simultaneously Improved convolution self-encoding encoder is monitored image classification.Parallelization computing frame is proposed in convolutional neural networks training process Structure, improve the operational efficiency of algorithm.The accuracy rate that 500 times are finally trained in 1000 Image Iteratives is 82.3%.Test one The time of image is 1.252s.
It should be appreciated that for those of ordinary skills, can according to the above description be improved or converted, And all these modifications and variations should all belong to the protection domain of appended claims of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of video monitoring equipment failure automatic detection method, it is characterised in that step 1, convolution self-encoding encoder use different The feature of the network number of plies and concealed nodes number extraction monitoring image, in pond, layer carries out image characteristics extraction, and iterative convolution is self-editing Code device is restrained until the accuracy rate of disaggregated model;Step 2, the monitoring image that convolutional neural networks extract convolution self-encoding encoder Foundation of the feature as image classification, so as to realize supervised learning;Step 3, convolutional neural networks use parallelization computing frame Structure carries out network model training, and after network model training terminates, the model is applied to the assorting process of test image;Step Four, judge video monitoring equipment damaged condition according to classification results.
2. video monitoring equipment failure automatic detection method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step 2 In, during the batch convolution of convolutional neural networks and pond, using different size of convolution core and pond region to convolution The image classification accuracy rate of neutral net is analyzed, and the scope of model accuracy rate is 79.8%-82.3%.
3. video monitoring equipment failure automatic detection method according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that convolution is self-editing Code device is made up of successively input layer, convolutional layer, pond layer, anti-pond layer, warp lamination, output layer, and input layer uses 6 8*8 Convolution kernel carry out convolution algorithm obtain convolutional layer;Then using convolutional layer as input, operated and reduced using 2*2 average pondization Image array;Then average anti-pondization that image array after diminution is carried out to 2*2 operates, partial reduction image array;Finally Original matrix is gone back using matrix zero padding operation.
4. video monitoring equipment failure automatic detection method according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that in step 3 In the network model training, the feature of the video monitoring image automatically extracted based on convolution self-encoding encoder, add for training sample Tag.
5. video monitoring equipment failure automatic detection method according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that convolutional Neural Network by input layer, the first convolutional layer, the first pond layer, the second convolutional layer, the second pond layer, full articulamentum, output layer successively Composition.Input layer carries out convolution algorithm with 6 8*8 convolution kernel and obtains convolutional layer, then using convolutional layer as input, utilizes 2*2 average pondization operation downscaled images matrix, so circulation 3 times, finally by image array be converted into 120 yuan it is one-dimensional to Amount, one-dimensional vector is input in grader and realizes classification.
6. video monitoring equipment failure automatic detection method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that in backpropagation Cheng Zhong, the training method that convolutional neural networks carry out network model training uses class gradient descent method, i.e., by minimization error Algorithm propagates adjustment weights and threshold value, selects momentum method to change learning rate, and in the consistent place of gradient direction, learning rate selection exists (0.65,0.95] between, it is changed into just being changed into negative again from negative again from being just changed into bearing in gradient direction, such gradient direction change exceedes At 2 times, learning rate is changed according to formula (1):
Δηt=ρ Δs ηt-1-θ[▽C(ηt-1)]T (1)
ΔηtFor the changing value of learning rate after the t times iteration, Δ ηt-1The changing value of the t-1 times iterative learning rate is represented, t represents to change Generation number;ρ ∈ (0,1) are factor of momentum, and θ=0.2 is the result that gradient direction change frequency removes 10, are constant, ▽ C (ηt-1) For image array changing value, it is worth the result to subtract each other with image array after the t-1 times iteration adjustment, wherein C represents image array, T represents transposition.
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