CN107504920A - Side slope model sliding measurement apparatus based on Fibre Optical Sensor - Google Patents
Side slope model sliding measurement apparatus based on Fibre Optical Sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN107504920A CN107504920A CN201710481890.6A CN201710481890A CN107504920A CN 107504920 A CN107504920 A CN 107504920A CN 201710481890 A CN201710481890 A CN 201710481890A CN 107504920 A CN107504920 A CN 107504920A
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 115
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000005476 size effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/26—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optical Transform (AREA)
- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of side slope model based on Fibre Optical Sensor to slide measurement apparatus, is related to dip measuring device technical field.It includes flexible substrate, the fiber grating being connected respectively with the flexible substrate and reinforcing plate and the optical fiber for connecting fiber grating；There is gap, the position of the fiber grating is corresponding with the position in the gap between the reinforcing plate.The sliding of the side slope model based on the Fibre Optical Sensor measurement apparatus of the present invention is directed to reduced scale side slope model monitoring Demand Design, it does not have dimensional effect, by adjusting the length of flexible substrate, the length of reinforcing plate can realize the sliding of reduced scale side slope model and the quasi-distributed measurement deformed with quantity, the quantity of fiber grating, so as to the monitoring for realizing side slope high spatial resolution of low cost.Also have that simple in construction, size is small, encapsulation is easy, practical, high sensitivity, the characteristics of quasi-distributed measurement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to dip measuring device technical field, is specifically related to a kind of side slope model based on Fibre Optical Sensor and slides
Measuring system.
Background technology
China is that a geological disaster generation is very frequent, and loses extremely serious country.Landslide is used as geology calamity
One in evil very distinct issues, wait to bring and seriously disturb secret and loss to development of the national economy all departments.Due to
Still there is quite a few people to live in hillside and toe area at present, burst landslide will give the security of the lives and property of local resident
Loss difficult to the appraisal is brought, and with bases such as the railway in China's expanding economy and national demand west area, highways
Build it is more and more, burst landslide can not only threaten country normal traffic transportation safety, can also cause serious economic loss
With severe social influence.Especially with the zone equilibriums such as China's development of the West Regions and sustainable development Major Strategic behave, ditch
The west area for the topography and geomorphologies complicated and changeable such as moat is in length and breadth, how high slope be steep will face substantial amounts of sliding (side) slope engineering, landslide and side
Slope accident also can be increasing therewith.Therefore, the slip mechanism of high gradient slope is studied and landslide early-warning and predicting becomes very heavy
Will.
Side slope model test plays important role in the research of landslide motion, effectively Study of Landslides can move
Stacking characteristic of mechanism and gliding mass etc..Therefore for slope deforming and the major influence factors of unstability, carry out indoor reduced scale side slope
Model unstability and crash simulation experiment work, indoor scale (model) test achievement is summarized, establish the Failure Model point of slope system
Analysis model is simultaneously verified, slope deforming feature and destabilizing deflection curves are inquired into from mechanism, for scientific guidance Slope Prevention,
Ensure the stability of side slope, it is ensured that engineering construction and people life property safety have important theory significance and practical value.
In model investigation, the multiple obliquity sensors of generally use are linked together by attachment structure, Ran Hougu
Surely measure.Because traditional obliquity sensor physical dimension is larger, and connected by attachment structure, cause such a sensor
Structure overall dimensions are larger, can not well adapt to sliding and the deformation measurement of reduced scale side slope model, especially realize reduced scale
The quasi-distributed sliding of side slope model and deformation measurement, become extremely difficult.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of side slope model based on Fibre Optical Sensor to slide measurement apparatus, existing to solve
Obliquity sensor physical dimension is larger in technology, it is difficult to adapts to sliding and the deformation measurement of reduced scale side slope model, especially realizes
The quasi-distributed sliding of reduced scale side slope model and the technical problem of deformation measurement.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is：
It is a kind of based on Fibre Optical Sensor side slope model sliding measurement apparatus, it include flexible substrate, respectively with the flexibility
The fiber grating and reinforcing plate and the optical fiber for connecting fiber grating of matrix connection；There is gap between the reinforcing plate,
The position of the fiber grating is corresponding with the position in the gap.
Further, the fiber grating is located at the front side of the flexible substrate, and the reinforcing plate is located at the flexible base
The rear side of body.
Further, the flexible substrate is elongated, the length direction of the fiber grating and the flexible substrate
Length direction is parallel.
Further, the width in gap is not less than the length of the fiber grating between the adjacent reinforcing plate.
Further, the fiber grating has at least two, and fiber grating described in two or more is along the flexible base
The length direction arrangement of body, the reinforcing plate has at least three, and three reinforcing plates described above are along the flexible substrate
Length direction arranges；Length direction of the fiber grating along the flexible substrate passes sequentially through optical fiber series connection.
Further, the leading flank of the flexible substrate and trailing flank are parallel to each other, and the fiber grating is in the flexibility
Orthographic projection on matrix trailing flank is between two reinforcing plates.
Further, the flexible substrate is rubber component, and the reinforcing plate is stainless steel component, and the fiber grating is
Bragg grating.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：Compared with prior art, the side slope model of the invention based on Fibre Optical Sensor is slided
Measuring system is directed to reduced scale side slope model monitoring Demand Design, and it does not have dimensional effect, by adjust flexible substrate length,
The length of reinforcing plate can realize the quasi-distributed survey of the sliding of reduced scale side slope model and deformation with quantity, the quantity of fiber grating
Amount, so as to the monitoring for realizing side slope high spatial resolution of low cost.Also having that simple in construction, size is small, encapsulation is easy,
It is practical, high sensitivity, the characteristics of quasi-distributed measurement.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that the side slope model based on Fibre Optical Sensor of the present invention slides the front view of measurement apparatus；
Fig. 2 is Fig. 1 side view；
Fig. 3 is that the side slope model based on Fibre Optical Sensor of the present invention slides the case of bending schematic diagram of measurement apparatus；
Fig. 4 is that the side slope model based on Fibre Optical Sensor of the present invention slides the schematic diagram of measurement apparatus.
In figure：1- flexible substrates, 2- fiber gratings, 3- reinforcing plates, 4- optical fiber.
Embodiment
In order that technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved are more clearly understood, tie below
Drawings and Examples are closed, the present invention will be described in further detail.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only
To explain the present invention, it is not intended to limit the present invention.
Now the side slope model sliding measurement apparatus provided by the invention based on Fibre Optical Sensor is illustrated.As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 4
It is shown, it is a kind of based on Fibre Optical Sensor side slope model sliding measurement apparatus, it include flexible substrate 1, respectively with the flexible base
The fiber grating 2 and reinforcing plate 3 and the optical fiber 4 for connecting fiber grating 2 of body connection；Between having between the reinforcing plate
Gap, the position of the fiber grating are corresponding with the position in the gap.
Side slope model sliding measurement apparatus provided by the invention based on Fibre Optical Sensor, compared with prior art, the present invention
Based on Fibre Optical Sensor side slope model sliding measurement apparatus be directed to reduced scale side slope model monitoring Demand Design, it does not have size effect
Should, by adjusting the length of flexible substrate 1, the length of reinforcing plate 3 can realize reduced scale side with quantity, the quantity of fiber grating 2
Slope model sliding and the quasi-distributed measurement of deformation, so as to the monitoring for realizing side slope high spatial resolution of low cost.Also
With it is simple in construction, size is small, encapsulation is easy, practical, high sensitivity, the characteristics of quasi-distributed measurement.
Specifically, described flexible substrate 1 can use the material of the long-life high flexibilities such as rubber, described reinforcing plate 3 can
Using stainless steel etc. is corrosion-resistant, the material of high rigidity (modulus of elasticity), described fiber grating 2 can use common bragg fiber
Grating 2, fiber grating 2 connects composition array by optical fiber 4, and is connected with detection means.Specifically, the connection of fiber grating 2
Mode can be connected by optical fiber 4.Fiber grating 2 and reinforcing plate 3 are respectively adhered on front side and the rear side of flexible substrate 1, make
The rigid section of rear side paste reinforcing plate 3 and the deformation section of front side paste fiber grating 2 are formed on flexible substrate 1.Before flexible substrate 1
Gap location between the reinforcing plate 3 of the rear side of position correspondence flexible substrate 1 of the fiber grating 2 of side, for experiencing flexible substrate 1
Deformation.Fiber grating 2 and reinforcing plate 3 can also paste the position correspondence in other sides of flexible substrate 1, making fiber grating 2
Gap location between adjacent stiffening plates 3.Reinforcing plate 3 is set with the quantity of fiber grating 2 according to the actual demand of side slope model measurement
It is fixed, can typically set more than ten, tens, up to a hundred it is even more more.
The side slope model based on Fibre Optical Sensor of the present invention slides measurement apparatus when in use, by based on Fibre Optical Sensor
Inside the monitored reduced scale side slope model of side slope model sliding measurement apparatus embedment, deform or slide inside side slope model
When, the flexible substrate 1 can be bent with the deformation of side slope model.Because flexible substrate 1 is pasted with the part of reinforcing plate 3,
Its rigidity increases with reinforcing plate 3, therefore the part of the only gap location of reinforcing plate 3 of flexible substrate 1 can just occur to become completely
Shape, produce strain, while the strain transfer at the position arrive the fiber grating 2 for being pasted onto the position, due to fiber grating 2 in itself
Optical characteristics, it, which reflects general centre wavelength, to change with the change of its strain.Side slope is established by mathematics and physical model
Slippage (deflection) and flexible substrate 1 strain the functional relation between (bending angle), and flexible substrate 1 strains (bending angle)
The functional relation reflected with fiber grating 2 between general centre wavelength, you can general centre wavelength is reflected by demodulating fiber bragg grating 2
To realize that the slippage of side slope model (deflection) monitors.
Further, as shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, slide and survey as the side slope model provided by the invention based on Fibre Optical Sensor
A kind of embodiment of device is measured, the fiber grating 2 is located at the front side of the flexible substrate 1, and the reinforcing plate 3 is located at
The rear side of the flexible substrate 1.Fiber grating 2 is located at the same side of flexible substrate 1, is easy to fiber grating 2 to be gone here and there by optical fiber 4
Protection when joining, while being easily installed use to fiber grating 2.Specifically, flexible substrate 1 is in the flat pattern of strip, rear side
Face bonds several reinforcing plates 3, certain gap is spaced between adjacent stiffening plates 3, flexible substrate 1 is between reinforcing plate 3
The leading flank of the part of gap location bonds fiber grating 2.
Further, as shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, slide and survey as the side slope model provided by the invention based on Fibre Optical Sensor
Measure device a kind of embodiment, the flexible substrate 1 is elongated, the length direction of the fiber grating 2 with it is described
The length direction of flexible substrate 1 is parallel.Fiber grating 2 is pasted on flexible substrate 1, and the length direction of fiber grating 2 with it is soft
Property matrix 1 length direction it is parallel, make fiber grating 2 preferably catch flexible substrate 1 bending deflection.
Further, as shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, slide and survey as the side slope model provided by the invention based on Fibre Optical Sensor
A kind of embodiment of device is measured, the width in gap is not less than the length of the fiber grating 2 between the adjacent reinforcing plate 3
Degree.
Further, as shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, slide and survey as the side slope model provided by the invention based on Fibre Optical Sensor
A kind of embodiment of device is measured, the fiber grating has at least two, and fiber grating 2 described in two or more is along institute
The length direction arrangement of flexible substrate 1 is stated, the reinforcing plate has at least three, and three reinforcing plates 3 described above are along described
The length direction arrangement of flexible substrate 1；Length direction of the fiber grating 2 along the flexible substrate 1 passes sequentially through optical fiber 4 and gone here and there
Connection.Several length directions of fiber grating 2 along flexible substrate 1 are arranged in series in column, increase present embodiment based on light
The measurement range and measurement accuracy of the side slope model sliding measurement apparatus of fibre sensing.It can be needed to set the light of series connection according to measurement
The fine quantity of grating 2.Further, several length directions of fiber grating 2 along flexible substrate 1 are into two row arrangement above, often
Row are each arranged in series.Setting more than two row can correct influence of the lateral deformation to measurement.
Further, as shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, slide and survey as the side slope model provided by the invention based on Fibre Optical Sensor
A kind of embodiment of device is measured, the leading flank of the flexible substrate 1 and trailing flank are parallel to each other, the fiber grating 2
Orthographic projection on the trailing flank of flexible substrate 1 is between two reinforcing plates 3.The leading flank of flexible substrate 1 is with after
Side is parallel, makes overall structure simple, is easy to make, meanwhile, it is easy to calculate.
Further, as shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, slide and survey as the side slope model provided by the invention based on Fibre Optical Sensor
A kind of embodiment of device is measured, the flexible substrate 1 is rubber component, and the reinforcing plate 3 is stainless steel component, described
Fiber grating 2 is bragg grating 2.
It is as follows for a specific embodiment, concrete analysis：
As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, flexible substrate 1 is rectangular strip made of rubber, and reinforcing plate 3 makes for stainless steel
Strip, fiber grating 2 use bragg grating 2.Fiber grating 2 and reinforcing plate 3 paste in flexible substrate 1 respectively
Front side and rear side；The rear side of flexible substrate 1 arranges five reinforcing plates 3 along its length, and the front side of flexible substrate 1 is along its length
Four fiber gratings 2 being sequentially connected in series of arrangement, the interstitial site that fiber grating 2 corresponds between reinforcing plate 3, fiber grating 2
Gap length between length and reinforcing plate 3 is identical.
When the flexible substrate 1 between two reinforcing plates 3 deforms, the bending of flexible substrate 1 approximate can be regarded as
Deformation, the surface deformation amount of flexible substrate 1 is approximately equal to relative rotation arc length, from geometry arc length formula：
Δ l=r θ (1)
In formula, θ is the angle of inclination (being calculated with radian) of the bending angle of flexible substrate 1, i.e. side slope；R is the thickness of flexible substrate 1.
The strain for the fiber grating 2 being pasted onto on flexible substrate 1 is about：
In formula, ε is the strain of fiber grating 2；△ l are the deflection that flexible substrate 1 pastes fiber grating part, are similarly
The deflection of fiber grating 2；L is the length under the conditions of the relaxation state of the paste fiber grating 2 of flexible substrate 1 part, is similarly
Fiber grating 2 is stuck the length of part.
The centre wavelength of fiber grating 2 and the relation of strain are：
In formula, Δ λ is the variable quantity of the centre wavelength of fiber grating 2；The centre wavelength of λ fiber gratings 2；Pe is fiber optic materials
Elasto-optical coefficient.
Bring formula (1)~formula (3) into fiber grating 2 Calculation of Sensitivity formula, it can be deduced that should the side based on Fibre Optical Sensor
The measurement of dip angle sensitivity of slope model sliding measurement apparatus：
As can be seen from the above equation, should based on Fibre Optical Sensor side slope model slide measurement apparatus measurement of dip angle sensitivity with
The thickness r of flexible substrate 1 is directly proportional, and the length l having under the conditions of the relaxation state of the part of fiber grating 2 is pasted with flexible substrate 1
It is inversely proportional, the 1550nm commonly used using engineering fiber grating 2, when r takes 10mm, and l takes 20mm, understands that this inclines by formula (4)
The high sensitivity of angle measuring device reaches 10545pm/ ° (6.045 × 105Micromicron is per radian), far above in current each documents and materials
Optical fiber grating inclination angle sensor sensitivity.
As shown in figure 4, setting the spacing of reinforcing plate 3 as N, the relation between the slippage of side slope model and inclination angle is as follows：
M=Nsin θ (5)
In formula, m is the side slope model slippage in the single length range of reinforcing plate 3, and N is the spacing of reinforcing plate 3, and θ is the reinforcement
The Slope Sliding angle of the correspondence position of plate 3.
Side slope model integral slipping amount M is as follows：
M=∑ Nsin θ (6)
The reinforcing plate 3 can be at equal intervals on rear side of sticking flexible matrix 1 according to monitoring requirements, can not also be equidistant
The rear side of flexible substrate 1 is pasted onto, but the distance for requiring to be spaced between reinforcing plate 3 is not less than the length of fiber grating 2.More enter one
Step, the length of reinforcing plate 3 can be shortened as far as possible, improve the space that measurement apparatus is slid based on the side slope model of Fibre Optical Sensor
Resolution ratio.
Do not make the technical characteristic illustrated in above-mentioned each embodiment, can with other embodiments
Technical characteristic is identical.
The relative position concepts such as " top ", " lower section " mentioned in the explanation of above-mentioned each embodiment, should be managed
The position relationship under conventional sense for embodiment of the invention is solved, it is used only for carrying out clearly embodiment
The explanation of Chu, limitation of the present invention can not be interpreted as.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention
All any modification, equivalent and improvement made within refreshing and principle etc., should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (7)
- A kind of 1. side slope model sliding measurement apparatus based on Fibre Optical Sensor, it is characterised in that：Including flexible substrate（1）, respectively The fiber grating being connected with the flexible substrate（2）And reinforcing plate（3）And for connecting fiber grating（2）Optical fiber（4）；Institute Stating between reinforcing plate has gap, and the position of the fiber grating is corresponding with the position in the gap.
- 2. the side slope model sliding measurement apparatus according to claim 1 based on Fibre Optical Sensor, it is characterised in that：The light Fine grating（2）Located at the flexible substrate（1）Front side, the reinforcing plate（3）Located at the flexible substrate（1）Rear side.
- 3. the side slope model sliding measurement apparatus according to claim 1 or 2 based on Fibre Optical Sensor, it is characterised in that：Institute State flexible substrate（1）It is elongated, the fiber grating（2）Length direction and the flexible substrate（1）Length direction put down OK.
- 4. the side slope model sliding measurement apparatus according to claim 2 based on Fibre Optical Sensor, it is characterised in that：Adjacent institute State reinforcing plate（3）Between the width in gap be not less than the fiber grating（2）Length.
- 5. the side slope model sliding measurement apparatus according to claim 2 based on Fibre Optical Sensor, it is characterised in that：The light Fine grating has at least two, and fiber grating described in two or more（2）Along the flexible substrate（1）Length direction arrangement, The reinforcing plate has at least three, and three reinforcing plates described above（3）Along the flexible substrate（1）Length direction row Row；The fiber grating（2）Along the flexible substrate（1）Length direction pass sequentially through optical fiber（4）Series connection.
- 6. the side slope model sliding measurement apparatus according to claim 2 based on Fibre Optical Sensor, it is characterised in that：It is described soft Property matrix（1）Leading flank and trailing flank be parallel to each other, the fiber grating（2）In the flexible substrate（1）On trailing flank Orthographic projection is located at two reinforcing plates（3）Between.
- 7. the sliding measurement apparatus of the side slope model based on Fibre Optical Sensor according to claim 1,2,4,5 or 6, its feature exist In：The flexible substrate（1）For rubber component, the reinforcing plate（3）For stainless steel component, the fiber grating（2）For Bradley Lattice fiber grating（2）.
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| CN201710481890.6A CN107504920B (en) | 2017-06-22 | 2017-06-22 | Slope model slip measuring device based on optical fiber sensing |
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| CN201710481890.6A CN107504920B (en) | 2017-06-22 | 2017-06-22 | Slope model slip measuring device based on optical fiber sensing |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111307346A (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2020-06-19 | 山东大学 | Side slope critical slip surface monitoring system and method |
| CN114001686A (en) * | 2021-09-15 | 2022-02-01 | 湖北震泰建设工程质量检测有限责任公司 | Device for monitoring displacement deformation of sliding surface of soil slope |
| CN115077407A (en) * | 2022-06-22 | 2022-09-20 | 武汉理工大学 | Slope damage simulation detection device and method based on fiber bragg grating |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111307346A (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2020-06-19 | 山东大学 | Side slope critical slip surface monitoring system and method |
| CN114001686A (en) * | 2021-09-15 | 2022-02-01 | 湖北震泰建设工程质量检测有限责任公司 | Device for monitoring displacement deformation of sliding surface of soil slope |
| CN115077407A (en) * | 2022-06-22 | 2022-09-20 | 武汉理工大学 | Slope damage simulation detection device and method based on fiber bragg grating |
| CN115077407B (en) * | 2022-06-22 | 2023-08-08 | 武汉理工大学 | Slope damage simulation detection device and method based on fiber bragg grating |
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| CN107504920B (en) | 2024-03-08 |
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