CN107504763B - High-quality drying treatment method for bamboos - Google Patents
High-quality drying treatment method for bamboos Download PDFInfo
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- CN107504763B CN107504763B CN201710754001.9A CN201710754001A CN107504763B CN 107504763 B CN107504763 B CN 107504763B CN 201710754001 A CN201710754001 A CN 201710754001A CN 107504763 B CN107504763 B CN 107504763B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
- F26B3/32—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by development of heat within the materials or objects to be dried, e.g. by fermentation or other microbiological action
- F26B3/34—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by development of heat within the materials or objects to be dried, e.g. by fermentation or other microbiological action by using electrical effects
- F26B3/347—Electromagnetic heating, e.g. induction heating or heating using microwave energy
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-quality bamboo drying treatment method, which comprises the following steps: (1) bamboo pretreatment, (2) primary drying treatment, (3) secondary drying treatment, and (4) tertiary drying treatment. The drying treatment method of the bamboo is specially improved, so that the cracking rate of the bamboo is effectively reduced, the content of nutritional ingredients in the bamboo is greatly reduced, the improvement of the insect-proof and mildew-proof properties of the bamboo is facilitated, the comprehensive use quality of the dried bamboo is higher, and the popularization and use values are better.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wicker processing, and particularly relates to a high-quality bamboo drying treatment method.
Background
Bamboo, also known as bamboo. The name Bambusiodeae (Bambusaceae or Bamboo) is a branch of the family Poaceae, is distributed in subtropical regions, has a low grass-like height, and has a high tree-like height. Typically by growing in pieces from creeping rhizomes underground. It can also be propagated by flowering and seed setting, and the seeds are called bamboo rice. Is a perennial plant. There are several types of bamboo shoots that can be eaten. Is a tall and fast-growing grass plant, and the stem is woody. The most concentrated and most diverse species are distributed on tropical, subtropical to warm temperate regions, east asia, southeast asia, indian ocean and pacific islands. China always likes bamboo, and China is the earliest country for researching, cultivating and utilizing bamboo in the world. From the huge role of bamboo in the development of Chinese historical culture and the formation of mental culture, the relationship between bamboo and Chinese poetry painting and calligraphy and the source of garden construction, and the close correlation between bamboo and human life, China is praised as "the national degree of bamboo civilization".
Bamboo is one of the common raw materials in the processing of current wickerwork, and its corresponding braided article is comparatively common in modern people's life, like bamboo basket, dustpan, lantern, teacup pad, special handicraft etc.. On the other hand, bamboo must be dried during the weaving process, not only to improve weaving performance, but also to improve service life. However, bamboo is easy to crack in the drying process due to its own characteristics, thereby affecting the processing yield. The processing technology is continuously improved and optimized by people, and the application numbers are as follows: 201510032854.2 discloses a bamboo softening and modifying process, wherein a microwave drying treatment mode of low power, high power and medium power is adopted in sequence, so that the drying effect is effectively ensured, and the effect of removing the nutrient components in the bamboo is effectively ensured. However, in the practical process of the method, the drying cracking rate of the bamboo is still high, the removal degree of nutrients for mildew and insect growth in the bamboo is still not high, and the drying quality of the bamboo is still required to be further improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-quality bamboo drying treatment method aiming at the existing problems.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a high-quality drying treatment method for bamboos comprises the following steps:
(1) bamboo pretreatment:
removing tips and leaves of fresh felled bamboos, washing the bamboos clean by clear water, and cutting the bamboos into sections for later use;
(2) primary drying treatment:
putting the bamboo treated in the step (1) into a microwave drying furnace for primary microwave drying treatment, controlling the power of microwaves to be 18-22 kW, and taking out for later use after the microwave drying treatment is finished;
(3) secondary drying treatment:
putting the bamboo treated in the step (2) into a refrigeration house for freezing treatment, controlling the freezing temperature to be minus 15 to minus 20 ℃, taking out the bamboo after freezing treatment for 20 to 25min, then directly putting the bamboo into a microwave drying oven for secondary microwave drying treatment, controlling the power of microwaves to be 40 to 50kW, and then preparing for later use;
(4) and (3) drying treatment for the third time:
and (4) after the drying treatment in the step (3) is finished, increasing the power of the microwave drying oven to 90-100 kW, carrying out three times of microwave drying treatment on the bamboo, and taking out the bamboo after the three times of microwave drying treatment is finished.
Further, the water content of the bamboo subjected to the primary microwave drying treatment in the step (2) is 33-37%.
Further, the relative humidity in the refrigeration house in the step (3) is 15-20%.
Further, the water content of the bamboo subjected to the secondary microwave drying treatment in the step (3) is 18-22%.
Further, the water content of the bamboo subjected to the three microwave drying treatments in the step (4) is not more than 8%.
In the prior art (such as a bamboo softening and modifying process with the application number of 201510032854.2), the problems of high cracking rate, low nutrient removal rate, poor elimination of irritant substance components such as bamboo green and the like still exist when the bamboo is dried, the reasonable collocation optimization is carried out on the existing drying process, specifically, the drying process is divided into three stages by taking the water content of the bamboo as an index, the water content of the fresh bamboo is approximately 60-70%, the first stage is set when the water content of the fresh bamboo is reduced to 33-37%, the water emission amount of the bamboo is large, the defects of cracks, deformation and the like on the surface of the bamboo caused by too fast water emission are prevented by adopting low-power microwave treatment, the second stage is set when the water content of the bamboo is reduced to 33-37% and the water content is 18-22%, the difference of chordwise shrinkage and radial shrinkage of the bamboo is most obvious when the bamboo is dried, the drying process of the stage is specially adjusted, the bamboo is put into a refrigeration house for freezing treatment to solidify and crystallize the moisture in the bamboo, meanwhile, the volume expansion after the moisture crystallization damages tissues such as bamboo fiber cell walls and the like, the permeability of the fiber is improved, the moisture, irritant components and the like are convenient to seep out, then the microwave treatment is directly carried out, the temperature of the microwave treatment is higher than 100 ℃, the moisture is directly sublimated, the change degree of the moisture is improved due to the larger temperature difference, the moisture drying is more facilitated, the seeping of green bitter and astringent irritant components in the bamboo is promoted, and the chordwise direction of the bamboo during the drying process is improved at low temperature, Radial contraction's difference degree has reduced the fracture rate, and it establishes to be the third stage to fall the bamboo content for 18~22% to water content not more than 8% during, under the effect of two preceding steps of processes, the permeability of bamboo promotes, and mechanical properties obtains effectively keeping, utilizes the microwave of high power to carry out drying process this moment, more does benefit to the seepage of moisture in the bamboo to under the less condition of moisture, the microwave is more strong to the effect is cleared up to nutrient composition's in the bamboo damage, more does benefit to the improvement of bamboo quality.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the drying treatment method of the bamboo is specially improved, so that the cracking rate of the bamboo is effectively reduced, the content of nutritional ingredients in the bamboo is greatly reduced, the improvement of the insect-proof and mildew-proof properties of the bamboo is facilitated, the comprehensive use quality of the dried bamboo is higher, and the popularization and use values are better.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A high-quality drying treatment method for bamboos comprises the following steps:
(1) bamboo pretreatment:
removing tips and leaves of fresh felled bamboos, washing the bamboos clean by clear water, and cutting the bamboos into sections for later use;
(2) primary drying treatment:
putting the bamboo treated in the step (1) into a microwave drying furnace for primary microwave drying treatment, controlling the power of microwaves to be 18kW, and taking out the bamboo for later use after the microwave drying treatment is finished;
(3) secondary drying treatment:
putting the bamboo treated in the step (2) into a refrigeration house for freezing treatment, controlling the freezing temperature to be-15 ℃, taking out after 20min of freezing treatment, then directly putting into a microwave drying furnace for secondary microwave drying treatment, controlling the power of microwaves to be 40kW, and reserving for later use after the secondary microwave drying treatment is finished;
(4) and (3) drying treatment for the third time:
and (4) after the drying treatment in the step (3) is finished, increasing the power of the microwave drying oven to 90kW, carrying out three times of microwave drying treatment on the bamboo, and taking out the bamboo after the drying treatment is finished.
Further, the water content of the bamboo subjected to the primary microwave drying treatment in the step (2) is 33-34%.
Further, the relative humidity in the refrigeration house in the step (3) is 15-16%.
Further, the water content of the bamboo subjected to the secondary microwave drying treatment in the step (3) is 18-19%.
Further, the water content of the bamboo subjected to the three microwave drying treatments in the step (4) is not more than 8%.
Example 2
A high-quality drying treatment method for bamboos comprises the following steps:
(1) bamboo pretreatment:
removing tips and leaves of fresh felled bamboos, washing the bamboos clean by clear water, and cutting the bamboos into sections for later use;
(2) primary drying treatment:
putting the bamboo treated in the step (1) into a microwave drying furnace for primary microwave drying treatment, controlling the power of microwaves to be 20kW, and taking out the bamboo for later use after the microwave drying treatment is finished;
(3) secondary drying treatment:
putting the bamboo treated in the step (2) into a refrigeration house for freezing treatment, controlling the freezing temperature to be-18 ℃, taking out after freezing treatment for 23min, then directly putting into a microwave drying furnace for secondary microwave drying treatment, controlling the power of microwaves to be 45kW, and reserving for later use after the secondary microwave drying treatment is finished;
(4) and (3) drying treatment for the third time:
and (4) after the drying treatment in the step (3) is finished, increasing the power of the microwave drying oven to 95kW, carrying out three times of microwave drying treatment on the bamboo, and taking out the bamboo after the drying treatment is finished.
Further, the water content of the bamboo subjected to the primary microwave drying treatment in the step (2) is 35-36%.
Further, the relative humidity in the refrigeration house in the step (3) is 17-18%.
Further, the water content of the bamboo subjected to the secondary microwave drying treatment in the step (3) is 20-21%.
Further, the water content of the bamboo subjected to the three microwave drying treatments in the step (4) is not more than 7%.
Example 3
A high-quality drying treatment method for bamboos comprises the following steps:
(1) bamboo pretreatment:
removing tips and leaves of fresh felled bamboos, washing the bamboos clean by clear water, and cutting the bamboos into sections for later use;
(2) primary drying treatment:
putting the bamboo treated in the step (1) into a microwave drying furnace for primary microwave drying treatment, controlling the power of microwaves to be 22kW, and taking out for later use after the microwave drying treatment is finished;
(3) secondary drying treatment:
putting the bamboo treated in the step (2) into a refrigeration house for freezing treatment, controlling the freezing temperature to be-20 ℃, taking out after 25min of freezing treatment, then directly putting into a microwave drying furnace for secondary microwave drying treatment, controlling the power of microwaves to be 50kW, and reserving for later use after the secondary microwave drying treatment is finished;
(4) and (3) drying treatment for the third time:
and (4) after the drying treatment in the step (3) is finished, increasing the power of the microwave drying oven to 100kW, carrying out three times of microwave drying treatment on the bamboo, and taking out the bamboo after the drying treatment is finished.
Further, the water content of the bamboo subjected to the primary microwave drying treatment in the step (2) is 36-37%.
Further, the relative humidity in the refrigeration house in the step (3) is 19-20%.
Further, the water content of the bamboo subjected to the secondary microwave drying treatment in the step (3) is 21-22%.
Further, the water content of the bamboo subjected to the three microwave drying treatments in the step (4) is not more than 7%.
Comparative example 1
In comparison with example 2, comparative example 1 omitted the freezing step in the secondary drying step (3), except that the other steps were the same.
Comparative example 2
In comparative example 2, the processing power of the microwave drying oven in the secondary drying process in step (3) and the processing power of the microwave drying oven in the tertiary drying process in step (4) were changed, and the steps were the same except for the above.
Comparative example 3
In this comparative example 3, compared with example 2, the freezing treatment operation in the secondary drying treatment in step (3) was omitted, and the treatment powers of the microwave drying ovens in the secondary drying treatment in step (3) and the tertiary drying treatment in step (4) were changed, except that the other steps were the same.
Control group
The existing bamboo drying treatment method specifically has the application number as follows: 201510032854.2A drying method in bamboo softening and modifying process.
In order to compare the effects of the invention, fresh bamboos harvested from the same batch are respectively dried by the methods described in the above example 2, comparative example 1, comparative example 2, comparative example 3 and control group, and the quality performance statistics is performed on the treated bamboos of each group after completion, wherein the specific comparative data are shown in the following table 1:
TABLE 1
| Drying cracking Rate (%) | Ash content (%) | |
| Example 2 | 1.0 | 0.46 |
| Comparative example 1 | 2.4 | 0.61 |
| Comparative example 2 | 1.9 | 0.73 |
| Comparative example 3 | 3.0 | 0.88 |
| Control group | 3.4 | 0.94 |
As can be seen from the above table 1, the drying treatment method of the invention can effectively reduce the cracking rate of the bamboo, simultaneously can reduce the content of nutrient components such as ash, eliminates the material conditions for the growth of entomogenous fungi, enhances the mildew and moth resistance of the bamboo, has good comprehensive quality and extremely high popularization and use values.
Claims (5)
1. A high-quality drying treatment method for bamboo is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) bamboo pretreatment:
removing tips and leaves of fresh felled bamboos, washing the bamboos clean by clear water, and cutting the bamboos into sections for later use;
(2) primary drying treatment:
putting the bamboo treated in the step (1) into a microwave drying furnace for primary microwave drying treatment, controlling the power of microwaves to be 18-22 kW, and taking out for later use after the microwave drying treatment is finished;
(3) secondary drying treatment:
putting the bamboo treated in the step (2) into a refrigeration house for freezing treatment, controlling the freezing temperature to be minus 15 to minus 20 ℃, taking out the bamboo after freezing treatment for 20 to 25min, then directly putting the bamboo into a microwave drying oven for secondary microwave drying treatment, controlling the power of microwaves to be 40 to 50kW, and then preparing for later use;
(4) and (3) drying treatment for the third time:
and (4) after the drying treatment in the step (3) is finished, increasing the power of the microwave drying oven to 90-100 kW, carrying out three times of microwave drying treatment on the bamboo, and taking out the bamboo after the three times of microwave drying treatment is finished.
2. A high quality bamboo drying process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the water content of bamboo after the primary microwave drying in step (2) is 33-37%.
3. The high-quality bamboo drying treatment method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the relative humidity in the refrigerator in the step (3) is 15-20%.
4. A high quality bamboo drying process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the water content of bamboo after the secondary microwave drying in step (3) is 18-22%.
5. A high quality drying process of bamboo as claimed in claim 1 wherein the water content of bamboo after the three microwave drying processes in step (4) is not more than 8%.
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| CN110940152B (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2021-09-03 | 国家林业和草原局竹子研究开发中心 | Microwave rapid continuous drying method for bamboo wood |
| CN115493364B (en) * | 2022-09-27 | 2024-03-29 | 南京中科药业有限公司 | Microwave drying process for astragalus water extract |
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| CN1554292A (en) * | 2003-12-22 | 2004-12-15 | 浙江海通食品集团股份有限公司 | Method for processing leisure seasoning dewatered fruit and vegetable |
| CN101228896A (en) * | 2007-10-23 | 2008-07-30 | 江南大学 | Method of combining freeze-dry and vacuum microwave drying to preparing fruits, vegetables and aquatic leisure food |
| CN101305746A (en) * | 2008-05-30 | 2008-11-19 | 宁国市乡味源农产品开发有限公司 | Preservation method of bamboo shoot |
| KR20100001375A (en) * | 2008-06-27 | 2010-01-06 | 김기호 | New method for preparing the low molecular fucoidan from the brown algae fermentation |
| CN103446191A (en) * | 2013-08-27 | 2013-12-18 | 王辉 | Freeze-drying method capable of remarkably improving quality of fermentative cordyceps sinensis mycelia |
| CN104626309A (en) * | 2015-01-23 | 2015-05-20 | 浙江三箭工贸有限公司 | Bamboo softening and modifying technology |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106343426A (en) * | 2016-09-07 | 2017-01-25 | 合肥元政农林生态科技有限公司 | High-quality drying processing method for Osmunda Japonica Thunb |
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Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1554292A (en) * | 2003-12-22 | 2004-12-15 | 浙江海通食品集团股份有限公司 | Method for processing leisure seasoning dewatered fruit and vegetable |
| CN101228896A (en) * | 2007-10-23 | 2008-07-30 | 江南大学 | Method of combining freeze-dry and vacuum microwave drying to preparing fruits, vegetables and aquatic leisure food |
| CN101305746A (en) * | 2008-05-30 | 2008-11-19 | 宁国市乡味源农产品开发有限公司 | Preservation method of bamboo shoot |
| KR20100001375A (en) * | 2008-06-27 | 2010-01-06 | 김기호 | New method for preparing the low molecular fucoidan from the brown algae fermentation |
| CN103446191A (en) * | 2013-08-27 | 2013-12-18 | 王辉 | Freeze-drying method capable of remarkably improving quality of fermentative cordyceps sinensis mycelia |
| CN104626309A (en) * | 2015-01-23 | 2015-05-20 | 浙江三箭工贸有限公司 | Bamboo softening and modifying technology |
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