CN107502889A - A kind of method at precision laser deposited nickel-base alloy powder end - Google Patents
A kind of method at precision laser deposited nickel-base alloy powder end Download PDFInfo
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- CN107502889A CN107502889A CN201710701016.9A CN201710701016A CN107502889A CN 107502889 A CN107502889 A CN 107502889A CN 201710701016 A CN201710701016 A CN 201710701016A CN 107502889 A CN107502889 A CN 107502889A
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- laser
- cladding
- alloy powder
- base alloy
- deposited nickel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
- C23C24/106—Coating with metal alloys or metal elements only
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
- C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
- C22C19/051—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
- C22C19/056—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W with the maximum Cr content being at least 10% but less than 20%
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to material surface engineering field, it is related to a kind of method at precision laser deposited nickel-base alloy powder end, by needing the part of cladding to carry out the accurate the pre-heat treatment in part to heavy parts, the continuous powder feeding of laser coaxial and synchronous laser melting coating are carried out to the part position after preheating again, to the coating heating and thermal insulation after laser melting coating and follow-up slow cooling to room temperature；The method at this precision laser deposited nickel-base alloy powder end, the heated effluent field of heavy parts is small, the piece surface processed without cladding is influenceed small；The simultaneously this generation that cladding crackle can be reduced to the processing method that needs cladding position accurately to preheat.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to material surface engineering field, is related to a kind of method at precision laser deposited nickel-base alloy powder end.
Background technology
Material surface processing is important means prepared by material surface modifying and new material, and countries in the world are all very heavy to this
Depending on.Requirement of the development of modern industry to material surface modifying and optimization increasingly improves.National 863 high-tech program is from the beginning
Development material surface is just handled a key areas of the new technology as future development.In numerous process for treating surface,
Laser melting and coating technique is an emerging advanced surface treatment technology of material, and is developed with the constantly improve of the technology,
It is widely used in further in modern processing manufacturing industry, it is especially important in space flight, metallurgy, electric power, petrochemical industry, automobile, military project etc.
The application in field is further broad, in the manufacture of product and has played important function during remanufacturing.Skill is handled with conventional surface
Art such as flame (plasma) spraying, built-up welding, plating etc. are compared, and laser melting and coating technique has coating structure refinement densification, matrix heat
The zone of influence and deformation are small, and coating can realize firm metallurgical binding with matrix, it is easy to accomplish Automated condtrol, coating formation are beautiful
See the advantages that controllable.Laser melting and coating technique is related to laser processing technology, metal material science, program composition simulation, machining
And the content of processing control method (such as processing sequence, heat treatment) etc., involved various aspects must it is scientific and reasonable,
Be unified in phase in order and can be only achieved preferable cladding effect, not so will cause cladding layer cracking, stomata, be mingled with,
The generation of the mass defects such as undercut, or even workpiece is scrapped, the serious consequences such as stopping production, security incident occur.
In order to ensure continuous, the safe and stable operation of nuclear power facility, to each part during processing and manufacturing it is involved
Material property, processing method and handling process propose the requirement of more stringent.Such as nuclear power station pump axle sleeve, its material
For 1Cr18Ni9Ti, size is 240 × 200mm of ￠, wall thickness 25mm, although matrix has certain corrosion resisting property, hardness is very
It is low, wear no resistance, it is impossible to directly apply.Chen Qiang, You Qingzhao et al. enter to the hardness and wearability on enhancing high-density alloy surface
Research of having gone { is shown in《Steel research journal》2000Vol.12No.2P.33-35 }, it selects Ni60A and the superhard powder of WC, WC-Co
End, using plasma spraying and two kinds of processing methods of vacuum-sintering, the wear-resisting painting of high rigidity is obtained in metal base surface
Layer.But coating prepared by above two method all has the defects of very big, as porosity is high, non-metallurgical binding, coating are easy-peel
Fall, crackle etc. be present.Patriotic et al. studied Laser-melt-repairing Technology is appointed { to see《Sufacing》Volume 35 second
Phase }, experiment is from seven kinds of basic materials and different cladding dusty materials such as 1Cr18Ni9Ti, 45 steel, 40Cr, the results showed that,
When cladding material is Ni60, Ni45, Ni35, re-melt deposit welding is difficult control, and particularly Ni60 claddings powder crackle can not be controlled
System.Even to this day, the cracking of high hardness wear-resisting nickel-base alloy laser melting coating and heavy parts can not part accurately preheating and essences
It is still really a stubborn problem the problem of heat treatment.The content of the invention
In view of this, the present invention, which can not be preheated integrally to solve heavy parts, causes laser melting coating effect bad, easily
A kind of the problem of cracking tendency, there is provided method at precision laser deposited nickel-base alloy powder end.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a kind of method at precision laser deposited nickel-base alloy powder end, including following
Step：
A, heavy parts are surface-treated：The dirt on heavy parts surface, oxide-film are removed, then used with sand paper or polishing machine
Acetone removes heavy parts surface clean；
B, heavy parts the pre-heat treatment：After heavy parts surface is removed totally, using laser to needing the zero of local cladding
Part surface carries out laser the pre-heat treatment；
C, cladding is processed：After needing the piece surface of local cladding to reach preheating temperature, laser is carried out to parts locally and melted
Processing is covered, during being processed to parts locally laser melting coating, part cladding position is entered by laser coaxial powder feeding system
The continuous powder feeding of row, part cladding position obtain cladding coating, and wherein laser processing technology parameter is：Laser power 2000~
3000W, 2~6mm/s of sweep speed, overlapping rate are 40~55%, and powder aggregation focus is identical with laser spot, laser powder sending quantity
For 0.5~10g/min, hot spot is 5mm*5mm rectangular light spot；
D, subsequent heat treatment：After heavy parts cladding process finishing, heated using acetylene flame by the piece surface after applying is melted
To 200~400 DEG C, part cladding position is then covered into insulation material and is incubated, slow cooling to room temperature.
Further, the combustion-supporting gas of laser melting coating is acetylene in step B, and protective gas is nitrogen, and combustion-supporting gas accounts for combustion-supporting
The 10~20% of gas and protective gas cumulative volume.
Further, the air pressure of combustion-supporting gas and protective gas is 3~5 atmospheric pressure in step B.
Further, powder selects spherical Ni base self-fluxing alloy powder in step C laser coaxial powder feedings system, and powder diameter is
160~320 mesh, piece surface cladding thickness are 0.5~1.5mm.
Further, Ni bases self-fluxing alloy powder composition and content are：C：1~5.5%, Si：3~4.0%, B：2~
3.5%, Cr：15~17.0%, Y2O3：0.5~2%, Fe ＜ 5%, Ni surplus.
Further, the parameter of laser the pre-heat treatment is in step B：Sweep speed is 0.5~3cm/s, defocusing amount 0, is swashed
Luminous power is 600~1000W.
Further, the number of the medium-and-large-sized parts locally the pre-heat treatments of step B is 1~3 time.
Further, insulation material is asbestos shingle in step D.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：
1st, cause heavy parts surface temperature uneven because heavy parts can not be heated integrally, and traditional flame heating nothing
Method realizes the accurate preheating of small range.Therefore, a kind of method at precision laser deposited nickel-base alloy powder end provided by the invention, leads to
Cross needs the part of cladding to carry out the accurate the pre-heat treatment in part to heavy parts, then same to the part position progress laser after preheating
The continuous powder feeding of axle and synchronous laser melting coating, to the coating heating and thermal insulation after laser melting coating and follow-up slow cooling to room temperature.It is this
The method at precision laser deposited nickel-base alloy powder end, heated effluent field is small, the piece surface processed without cladding is influenceed small.
The simultaneously this generation that cladding crackle can be reduced to the processing method that needs cladding position accurately to preheat.
2nd,, after heavy parts part cladding in a kind of method at precision laser deposited nickel-base alloy powder end of the present invention
The piece surface after coating is first heated by acetylene flame, the thermal stress at part cladding position can be so removed, prevent part
The generation of cladding crackle.
3rd, a kind of method at precision laser deposited nickel-base alloy powder end of the present invention, will add matter in Ni base self-fluxing alloy powders
Measure the Y that fraction is 0.5~2%2O3, it is possible to increase the toughness of cladding layer, reduce the crackle tendency of cladding layer and produce inclining for stomata
To.
4th, a kind of method at precision laser deposited nickel-base alloy powder end of the present invention, using laser coaxial powder feeding system to part
Cladding position carries out continuous powder feeding, and this automatic powder feeding system enables to the microstructure of surface cladding layer after laser melting coating fine and close, crystal grain refinement,
Piece surface state after processing is good, and part cladding is high in machining efficiency.
5th, the piece surface processed by precision laser deposited nickel-base alloy powder end method cladding disclosed in this invention, nickel
Base cladding layer hardness is high, can reach 63~70HRC, and wearability is good, and corrosion resistance is high.
Brief description of the drawings
In order that the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are clearer, the present invention provides drawings described below and carried out
Explanation：
Fig. 1 is the last metallograph of laser deposited nickel-base alloy powder of the present invention.
Embodiment
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below.
Embodiment 1：
The present invention apply laser melting and coating technique, using laser coaxial powder feeding system by nickel hardfacing alloy powder melting in
Heavy parts surface after local laser preheating, the ni base alloy coating of high rigidity, high-wearing feature and highly corrosion resistant is formed, is realized
The strong bonded of Ni-based cladding coating and heavy parts matrix, and ensure that the quality such as laser cladding coating flawless, stomata lack
Fall into.
A kind of method at precision laser deposited nickel-base alloy powder end, comprises the following steps：
A, heavy parts are surface-treated：It will treat that the dirt on cladding heavy parts surface, oxide-film are gone with sand paper or polishing machine
Remove, then removed on heavy parts surface totally with acetone；
B, heavy parts the pre-heat treatment：After heavy parts surface is removed totally, using laser to needing the zero of local cladding
Part surface carries out laser the pre-heat treatment, and the number of the pre-heat treatment is 3 times, and the wherein combustion-supporting gas of laser melting coating is acetylene, protection
Gas is nitrogen, and combustion-supporting gas accounts for the air pressure of the 20% of combustion-supporting gas and protective gas cumulative volume, combustion-supporting gas and protective gas
For 5 atmospheric pressure；The parameter of laser the pre-heat treatment is：Sweep speed is 0.5cm/s, defocusing amount 0, laser power 1000W；
C, cladding is processed：After needing the piece surface of local cladding to reach preheating temperature, laser is carried out to parts locally and melted
Processing is covered, during being processed to parts locally laser melting coating, powder selects spherical Ni base certainly wherein in coaxial powder feeding system
Molten alloy powder, powder diameter is 160 mesh, and piece surface cladding thickness is 0.5mm, and laser coaxial powder feeding system is to part cladding
Position carries out continuous powder feeding, and part cladding position obtains cladding coating；Laser processing technology parameter is：Laser power 2000W, sweep
Retouch speed 2mm/s, overlapping rate 40%, powder aggregation focus is identical with laser spot, and laser powder sending quantity is 0.5g/min, hot spot
For 5mm*5mm rectangular light spot；
Ni base self-fluxing alloy powder compositions and content are：
| Composition | C | Si | B | Cr | Fe | Ni |
| Content (%) | 5.5 | 4.0 | 3.5 | 17.0 | ＜ 5 | Surplus |
D, subsequent heat treatment：After heavy parts cladding process finishing, heated using acetylene flame by the piece surface after applying is melted
To 200 DEG C, part cladding position is then covered into asbestos shingle and is incubated, slow cooling to room temperature.
Embodiment 2：
The difference of embodiment 2 and embodiment 1 is, laser scanning speed is 3cm/s in step B, defocusing amount 0, laser
Power is 600W.
Embodiment 3：
The difference of embodiment 3 and embodiment 1 is, laser power 3000W, sweep speed 6mm/s, overlapping rate in step C
For 55%, powder aggregation focus is identical with laser spot, and laser powder sending quantity is 10g/min, hot spot for 5mm*5mm rectangular light
Spot.
Embodiment 4：
The difference of embodiment 4 and embodiment 1 is that Ni base self-fluxing alloy powder compositions and content are：
| Composition | C | Si | B | Cr | Y2O3 | Fe | Ni |
| Content (%) | 5.5 | 4.0 | 3.5 | 17.0 | 0.5 | ＜ 5 | Surplus |
Embodiment 5：
The difference of embodiment 5 and embodiment 1 is that Ni base self-fluxing alloy powder compositions and content are：
| Composition | C | Si | B | Cr | Y2O3 | Fe | Ni |
| Content (%) | 5.5 | 4.0 | 3.5 | 17.0 | 2 | ＜ 5 | Surplus |
Comparative example：
The difference of comparative example and embodiment 1 is, after the medium-and-large-sized piece surfaces of step B are removed totally, using traditional flame
The method of heating carries out the pre-heat treatment to the piece surface for needing local cladding.
Enter row index test and appraisal to the cladding coating prepared by embodiment 1~5 and comparative example, friction and wear behavior uses
MMS-2A
Screen shows that friction wear testing machine is detected, and tests and refers to GB12444.1-90 with pairing friction pair specification, enters
Row fretting wear detects.Evaluating result such as table 1：
Table 1：
| Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Embodiment 4 | Embodiment 5 | Comparative example | |
| Hardness (HRC) | 66 | 64 | 65 | 68 | 70 | 58 |
| Cladding coating (mm) | 0.8 | 0.85 | 0.9 | 0.87 | 0.92 | 1.21 |
| Fretting wear weightlessness (mg) | 0.5 | 0.7 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 1.6 |
Make discovery from observation, embodiment 1~5 prepare ni base alloy coating, the thickness of cladding coating in 1mm or so, and
Cladding coating does not have crackle tendency and produces the tendency of stomata.By the large parts of the Laser Cladding Ni based Alloy Coating,
Part service life improves more than 2 times, substantially increases part utilization rate, also reduces production cost.
Finally illustrate, preferred embodiment above is merely illustrative of the technical solution of the present invention and unrestricted, although logical
Cross above preferred embodiment the present invention is described in detail, it is to be understood by those skilled in the art that can be
Various changes are made to it in form and in details, without departing from claims of the present invention limited range.
Claims (8)
- A kind of 1. method at precision laser deposited nickel-base alloy powder end, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：A, heavy parts are surface-treated：The dirt on heavy parts surface, oxide-film are removed, then use acetone with sand paper or polishing machine Heavy parts surface is removed clean；B, heavy parts the pre-heat treatment：After heavy parts surface is removed totally, the parts list using laser to the local cladding of needs Face carries out laser the pre-heat treatment；C, cladding is processed：After needing the piece surface of local cladding to reach preheating temperature, laser melting coating is carried out to parts locally and added Work, during being processed to parts locally laser melting coating, part cladding position is connected by laser coaxial powder feeding system Continuous powder feeding, part cladding position obtain cladding coating, and wherein laser processing technology parameter is：2000~3000W of laser power, sweep Retouch 2~6mm/s of speed, overlapping rate is 40~55%, powder aggregation focus is identical with laser spot, laser powder sending quantity for 0.5~ 10g/min, hot spot are 5mm*5mm rectangular light spot；D, subsequent heat treatment：After heavy parts cladding process finishing, the piece surface melted after applying is heated to 200 using acetylene flame ~400 DEG C, part cladding position is then covered into insulation material and is incubated, slow cooling to room temperature.
- 2. the method at precision laser deposited nickel-base alloy powder end as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that laser in step B The combustion-supporting gas of cladding is acetylene, and protective gas is nitrogen, combustion-supporting gas account for combustion-supporting gas and protective gas cumulative volume 10~ 20%.
- 3. the method at precision laser deposited nickel-base alloy powder end as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that combustion-supporting in step B The air pressure of gas and protective gas is 3~5 atmospheric pressure.
- 4. the method at precision laser deposited nickel-base alloy powder end as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step C laser is same Powder selects spherical Ni base self-fluxing alloy powder in axle powder feed system, and powder diameter is 160~320 mesh, and piece surface cladding is thick Spend for 0.5~1.5mm.
- 5. the method at precision laser deposited nickel-base alloy powder end as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that Ni base self-fluxing alloys Powdered ingredients and content are：C：1~5.5%, Si：3~4.0%, B：2~3.5%, Cr：15~17.0%, Y2O3：0.5~ 2%, Fe ＜ 5%, Ni surplus.
- 6. the method at precision laser deposited nickel-base alloy powder end as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that laser in step B The parameter of the pre-heat treatment is：Sweep speed is 0.5~3cm/s, and defocusing amount 0, laser power is 600~1000W.
- 7. the method at precision laser deposited nickel-base alloy powder end as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that step B is medium-and-large-sized The number of parts locally the pre-heat treatment is 1~3 time.
- 8. the method at precision laser deposited nickel-base alloy powder end as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that be incubated in step D Material is asbestos shingle.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108342729A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2018-07-31 | 燕山大学 | A kind of intensifying method of pallet heat insulating mattress |
| CN108842124A (en) * | 2018-06-04 | 2018-11-20 | 重庆市科学技术研究院 | A kind of method of laser melting coating reparation and reinforcing mold |
| CN109023351A (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2018-12-18 | 中国人民解放军陆军装甲兵学院 | A kind of preparation method of flawless laser melting coating amorphous coating |
| CN109055826A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2018-12-21 | 芜湖彰鸿工程技术有限公司 | A kind of raising wearability roll laser cladding alloy material and application method |
| CN109439995A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-03-08 | 宝钢轧辊科技有限责任公司 | High entropy amorphous alloy coating and preparation method thereof |
| CN109825833A (en) * | 2019-04-12 | 2019-05-31 | 上海海事大学 | A kind of rare earth modified WC-Ni base coating and preparation method thereof |
| CN113249717A (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2021-08-13 | 宁夏恒泰化工设备有限公司 | Laser cladding method for nickel-based alloy laser cladding powder |
| CN115369398A (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2022-11-22 | 杭州航林机械制造有限公司 | Laser cladding process for gray iron casting and composite powder used by laser cladding process |
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| US20040086635A1 (en) * | 2002-10-30 | 2004-05-06 | Grossklaus Warren Davis | Method of repairing a stationary shroud of a gas turbine engine using laser cladding |
| CN102383126A (en) * | 2011-11-09 | 2012-03-21 | 南昌航空大学 | Method with functions of preheating and postheating for forming crack-free coating with high efficiency by three-light-beam laser-cladding technique |
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| US20040086635A1 (en) * | 2002-10-30 | 2004-05-06 | Grossklaus Warren Davis | Method of repairing a stationary shroud of a gas turbine engine using laser cladding |
| CN102383126A (en) * | 2011-11-09 | 2012-03-21 | 南昌航空大学 | Method with functions of preheating and postheating for forming crack-free coating with high efficiency by three-light-beam laser-cladding technique |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108342729A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2018-07-31 | 燕山大学 | A kind of intensifying method of pallet heat insulating mattress |
| CN108842124A (en) * | 2018-06-04 | 2018-11-20 | 重庆市科学技术研究院 | A kind of method of laser melting coating reparation and reinforcing mold |
| CN109055826A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2018-12-21 | 芜湖彰鸿工程技术有限公司 | A kind of raising wearability roll laser cladding alloy material and application method |
| CN109055826B (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2019-12-10 | 永卓防务科技有限公司 | roller laser cladding alloy material for improving wear resistance and using method |
| CN109023351A (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2018-12-18 | 中国人民解放军陆军装甲兵学院 | A kind of preparation method of flawless laser melting coating amorphous coating |
| CN109439995A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-03-08 | 宝钢轧辊科技有限责任公司 | High entropy amorphous alloy coating and preparation method thereof |
| CN109825833A (en) * | 2019-04-12 | 2019-05-31 | 上海海事大学 | A kind of rare earth modified WC-Ni base coating and preparation method thereof |
| CN113249717A (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2021-08-13 | 宁夏恒泰化工设备有限公司 | Laser cladding method for nickel-based alloy laser cladding powder |
| CN115369398A (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2022-11-22 | 杭州航林机械制造有限公司 | Laser cladding process for gray iron casting and composite powder used by laser cladding process |
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