CN107502834B - Fe-Cr-based multicomponent alloy and rolling process thereof - Google Patents
Fe-Cr-based multicomponent alloy and rolling process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 229910017060 Fe Cr Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 229910002544 Fe-Cr Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- UPHIPHFJVNKLMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium iron Chemical compound [Cr].[Fe] UPHIPHFJVNKLMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 36
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 35
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000963 austenitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/008—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tin
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/005—Ferrite
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Abstract
The invention discloses a Fe-Cr based multicomponent alloy and a rolling process thereof, relating to the technical field of metal materials. The alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: less than or equal to 0.027 percent of C, less than 0.3 percent of Si, less than 0.3 percent of Mn, 5.0-10.5 percent of Cr, 0.5-1.3 percent of Ni, 0.8-1.9 percent of Mo, 0.33-0.6 percent of Cu, P: 0.001 to 0.1%, Nb: 0.01-0.4%, Zn: 0.01 to 0.5% of Sn, 0.01 to 0.43% of Fe and the balance of unavoidable impurities. The rolling process comprises the following steps: the heating temperature of a steel billet with the same components as the alloy is 1050-1100 ℃, the heating and heat preservation time is calculated according to the maximum effective section thickness of 1.4-1.7 mm/min, the rolling temperature is 950-1100 ℃, the steel billet is kept stand in the air for 10-30 seconds after final rolling and then is rapidly cooled to 700 +/-20 ℃, and the cooling speed is more than 100 ℃/min. The alloy has high corrosion resistance, excellent mechanical property, welding property and processability, and only contains a small amount of Ni element which is a strategic resource, so that the alloy is low in production cost and wide in application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal materials, in particular to a Fe-Cr-based multicomponent alloy and a rolling process thereof.
Background
The corrosion of metal causes great economic loss to society, and the corrosion-resistant steel or the corrosion-resistant alloy becomes a hot product for social research and application. At present, the best quality stainless steel with corrosion resistance and better mechanical property is Fe-Cr-Ni series austenitic stainless steel. However, since this steel contains the noble metal Ni, the price is much higher than that of Fe-Cr based stainless steel containing no Ni or less Ni, such as: the 300 series stainless steel with high nickel content accounts for over 60 percent of the total production of the stainless steel, and the metallic nickel accounts for over 70 percent of the production cost. And Ni is a strategic national resource and is protected or limited by export of various countries.
Although Fe-Cr-based stainless steel has excellent corrosion resistance, its application is limited due to poor toughness, plasticity and weldability caused by its high Cr content (high C equivalent). However, stainless steel does not always exhibit excellent corrosion resistance due to the difference in use environment, such as in some cases where Cl is contained-In ionic environments, some stainless steels are not as corrosion resistant as even plain mild steels.
The corrosion resistance of an alloy is mainly related to the composition of the alloy. The metal materials such as corrosion resistant alloy or stainless steel and the like basically have the same alloy system, and the difference mainly lies in the change of more or less of the types and the contents of the alloy elements. Often, some alloys containing the same alloy element types can cause great performance differences only by slightly changing the content of one of the elements. If the Cr element in the steel approximately conforms to 1/8 rule, namely the Cr content meets integral multiple of 1/8, the corrosion resistance of the steel is jumpy and abrupt change, and is even improved in an order of magnitude. The development of a novel corrosion-resistant alloy also considers the production cost and other properties, such as mechanical property, welding property, processability and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a Fe-Cr based multicomponent alloy and a rolling process thereof, wherein the alloy has higher corrosion resistance and is mainly used for ocean engineering or salt lakes and the like containing Cl-In the environment of (2); the alloy also has excellent mechanical property, welding property and processability, and simultaneously contains a small amount of strategic resource Ni elements, so that the alloy has low production cost and wide application prospect.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a Fe-Cr based multicomponent alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
C: ≤0.027%，
Si: ＜0.3%，
Mn: ＜0.3%，
Cr: 5.0～10.5%，
Ni: 0.5～1.3%，
Mo: 0.8～1.9%，
Cu: 0.33～0.6%，
P：0.001～0.1%，
Nb：0.01～0.4%，
Zn：0.01～0.5%，
Sn: 0.01～0.43%，
the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
Preferably, the alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
C: ≤0.008%，
Si: ＜0.1%，
Mn: ＜0.1%，
Cr: 7.5～8.7%，
Ni: 0.5～1.3%，
Mo: 0.8～1.9%，
Cu: 0.36～0.50%，
P：0.03～0.08%，
Nb：0.12～0.25%，
Zn：0.01～0.5%，
Sn: 0.05～0.15%，
the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
The rolling process of the Fe-Cr based multicomponent alloy comprises the following steps: the heating temperature of a steel billet with the same components as the alloy is 1050-1100 ℃, the heating and heat preservation time is calculated according to the maximum effective section thickness of 1.4-1.7 mm/min, the rolling temperature is 950-1100 ℃, the steel billet is kept stand in the air for 10-30 seconds after final rolling and then is rapidly cooled to 700 +/-20 ℃, and the cooling speed is more than 100 ℃/min.
The alloy of the invention comprises the following components:
c can improve the strength of the Fe-Cr alloy, but simultaneously, C also reduces the plasticity, toughness and corrosion resistance of the Fe-Cr alloy and deteriorates the welding performance, so the content of C in the alloy disclosed by the invention is reduced as much as possible.
Si has a deoxidizing effect, and meanwhile, a part of Si exists in a solid solution form, so that the yield strength and the tensile strength of the alloy can be improved, and the corrosion resistance is promoted to a certain extent. However, Si also reduces the plasticity and toughness of Fe-Cr alloys. Therefore, the Si content is not preferably too high.
Mn has the functions of deoxidizing and removing S, and a part of Mn exists in a solid solution form, so that the yield strength and the tensile strength of the alloy can be improved, but the plasticity and the toughness of the Fe-Cr alloy are also reduced by the Mn. Therefore, the Mn content should not be too high.
P can play a role in improving corrosion resistance, but simultaneously, P also greatly reduces the plasticity and toughness of the alloy, particularly improves the ductile-brittle transition temperature to generate cold-brittle phenomenon. Therefore, the P content is not preferably too high.
Cr can obviously improve the corrosion resistance, and simultaneously can improve the yield strength and the tensile strength to a certain extent, but the plasticity and the toughness of the alloy can be reduced when the content is too high, and meanwhile, the C equivalent can be improved, and the welding performance is deteriorated. Therefore, Cr is controlled within a certain range.
The addition of a small amount of Ni can improve the plasticity, toughness and strength of the alloy and can also improve the corrosion resistance.
Mo improves the corrosion resistance of the alloy, especially improves the Cl-corrosion resistance and the pitting corrosion resistance. Mo can be combined with C in the alloy to form Mo carbide, and the Mo carbide can play a role in refining grains while eliminating C, so that the strength of the alloy is improved. However, if the content of Mo in solid solution is too high, the plasticity and toughness of the alloy are lowered.
Cu can play a good corrosion-resistant role, and the plasticity and the strength of the alloy can be improved when a small amount of Cu is added. However, when the content is too high, the plasticity and toughness of the alloy are rather lowered.
Nb can form C/N compound with C, N interstitial atoms in the alloy, so as to refine grains, improve welding performance and deep drawing performance, and the atoms in solid solution form can also play a role in solid solution strengthening.
Zn can play a good role in corrosion resistance, can obviously improve the impact resistance of the alloy when being added in a small amount, is commonly used for galvanized sheets, and damages the mechanical property of the alloy when the content is too high.
Sn has better oxidation resistance, and when the Sn exists in the alloy in a solid solution form, the electrode potential of the alloy can be improved, so that the corrosion resistance is improved, but when the Sn reaches a certain content, the alloy generates a high-temperature hot brittleness phenomenon.
The corrosion resistance effect of the composite addition of the corrosion-resistant alloy elements is usually obviously greater than that of the single addition, and the corrosion-resistant alloy elements have the similar effect of 1+1 & gt 2.
The alloy of the invention has more components and high content of alloy elements, so the heating and heat preservation time is longer than that of plain carbon steel, so that the alloy elements can be homogenized as much as possible and segregation is less.
The alloy of the invention is ferrite alloy when being rolled at high temperature, the crystal grains do not generate dynamic recrystallization, the crystal grains are coarse, and the standing after the finish rolling aims to lead the alloy to generate static recrystallization to refine the crystal grains, thereby improving the mechanical property.
The alloy is cooled quickly after standing, and aims to prevent the reduction of mechanical properties due to the growth of recrystallized grains.
Adopt the produced beneficial effect of above-mentioned technical scheme to lie in:
(1) the alloy of the invention has higher corrosion resistance which is more than 10 times of that of common 400 MPa-grade steel, and is mainly used for ocean engineering or salt lakes and the like containing Cl-In the environment of (2);
(2) the alloy also has excellent mechanical property, welding property and processability, the yield strength is more than 550MPa, the tensile strength is more than 700MPa, and the elongation after fracture is more than 17 percent;
(3) the alloy of the invention contains less noble metal Ni, has low cost and wide application prospect;
(4) the invention also provides a rolling process of the alloy, which comprises the following steps: the heating and heat preservation time is longer than that of plain carbon steel, so that the alloy elements can be homogenized as much as possible and segregation is reduced; because the alloy is ferrite alloy during high-temperature rolling, the crystal grains do not generate dynamic recrystallization and are large, and the aim of standing after finish rolling is to enable the alloy to generate static recrystallization to refine the crystal grains, thereby improving the mechanical property; and (3) standing and then quickly cooling, so as to prevent the reduction of mechanical properties due to the growth of recrystallized grains. Therefore, the alloy treated by the rolling process has excellent mechanical properties while maintaining good corrosion resistance.
Drawings
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings;
FIG. 1 is a graph of the Fe-Cr based multicomponent alloy after salt spray corrosion experiments according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of the Fe-Cr based multi-component alloy after salt spray corrosion experiments in example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph of the Fe-Cr based multi-component alloy after salt spray corrosion experiments in example 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of the steel bar of comparative example HRB400 after salt spray corrosion test.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated below with reference to several examples, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the examples are only for the understanding of the present invention and should not be construed as the specific limitations of the present invention.
Examples 1 to 3 of the present invention include Fe-Cr based multicomponent alloys, each of which has the components in the weight percentages shown in Table 1, and the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities.
The main rolling process parameters of the rolling process of the Fe-Cr based multicomponent alloy in the embodiment 1-3 are shown in a table 2, and the mechanical and corrosion resistance of the steel bar is compared with that of a comparative HRB400 steel bar in a table 3, wherein a salt spray test method is adopted in the corrosion resistance test, the corrosion time is 168 hours, and a topographic map after the salt spray corrosion test is shown in fig. 1-4.
The applicant states that the present invention is illustrated by the above examples to show the detailed process equipment and process flow of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above detailed process equipment and process flow, i.e. it does not mean that the present invention must rely on the above detailed process equipment and process flow to be implemented. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that any modification of the present invention, equivalent substitutions of the raw materials of the product of the present invention, addition of auxiliary components, selection of specific modes, etc., are within the scope and disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. The Fe-Cr-based multicomponent alloy is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight:
C:≤0.008％，
Si:＜0.1％，
Mn:＜0.1％，
Cr:7.5～8.7％，
Ni:0.5～1.3％，
Mo:0.8～1.9％，
Cu:0.36～0.50％，
P：0.03～0.08％，
Nb：0.12～0.25％，
Zn：0.01～0.5％，
Sn:0.05～0.15％，
the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities; the heating temperature of a steel billet with the same components as the alloy is 1050-1100 ℃, the heating and heat preservation time is calculated according to the maximum effective section thickness of 1.4-1.7 mm/min, the rolling temperature is 950-1100 ℃, the steel billet is kept stand in the air for 10-30 seconds after final rolling and then is rapidly cooled to 700 +/-20 ℃, and the cooling speed is more than 100 ℃/min.
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| CN113186472B (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2022-07-22 | 江苏省沙钢钢铁研究院有限公司 | Corrosion-resistant steel bar and production method thereof |
| CN113846264B (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2022-08-19 | 马鞍山钢铁股份有限公司 | High-corrosion-resistance steel bar for tin-containing 500 MPa-grade ocean island concrete engineering and production method thereof |
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| CN101994064A (en) * | 2009-08-18 | 2011-03-30 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Weathering steel with yield strength of 550MPa level and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN102226252A (en) * | 2011-06-10 | 2011-10-26 | 钢铁研究总院 | High-toughness carburized bearing steel with ultra-long contact fatigue life and preparation method thereof |
| CN103952627A (en) * | 2014-05-16 | 2014-07-30 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | High-elongation and low-yield-ratio ferrite weathering-resistant steel and production method thereof |
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| JP4761649B2 (en) * | 2001-05-16 | 2011-08-31 | 清仁 石田 | Corrosion resistant steel |
| KR101617732B1 (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2016-05-03 | 주식회사 세아베스틸 | Method for manufacturing low carbon alloy steels for cold forging that can be shortening the spherodizing annealing time |
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| CN101994064A (en) * | 2009-08-18 | 2011-03-30 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Weathering steel with yield strength of 550MPa level and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN102226252A (en) * | 2011-06-10 | 2011-10-26 | 钢铁研究总院 | High-toughness carburized bearing steel with ultra-long contact fatigue life and preparation method thereof |
| CN103952627A (en) * | 2014-05-16 | 2014-07-30 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | High-elongation and low-yield-ratio ferrite weathering-resistant steel and production method thereof |
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