CN107502695A - A kind of gas-based shaft kiln - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a kind of gas-based shaft kiln, and its inner chamber includes reduction section and cooling section, and upper bustle pipe, lower bustle pipe and round platform material guide structure are provided with the lower end of reduction section；Upper bustle pipe is arranged on the outside of furnace wall, positioned at the top of round platform material guide structure；Round platform material guide structure is located at the inner chamber of gas-based shaft kiln, and round platform material guide structure includes support beam, stock guide and refractory brick；Support beam is fixed on furnace wall, and the upper end of stock guide is fixedly connected with furnace wall, and the lower end of stock guide is fixedly connected with the front end of support beam, and refractory brick is provided between support beam and stock guide；Lower bustle pipe is arranged on the outside of furnace wall, the middle part of position correspondence round platform material guide structure.The gas-based shaft kiln of the present invention optimizes gas fluid distrbution inside shaft furnace using two bustle pipes of round platform material guide structure, improves gas utilization rate, improves the degree of metalization of shaft furnace product sponge iron, and can reduce a ton iron loss tolerance, reduces smelting cost.

Description

A kind of gas-based shaft kiln

Technical field

The invention belongs to technical field of metallurgical equipment, more particularly to a kind of gas-based shaft kiln of gas fluid distrbution.

Background technology

Gas-based shaft kiln directly reduced technology increasingly obtains accreditation in the industry as main non-blast furnace ironmaking technology, has Energy consumption is low, the sintering that is related to without blast furnace ironmaking, two highly energy-consumings of coking, high pollution process.And with flow it is short, energy-conservation The advantages such as emission reduction effect is obvious, are to improve steel products structure, improve steel products quality, realize the important production that cleaning is smelted Technology.

Gas-based shaft kiln mainly has Midrex and HYL techniques, and two kinds of technique shaft furnaces belong to convection type moving bed, by reduction section Formed with cooling section two large divisions.Ore loads in shaft furnace to be first preheated during decline, and subsequent iron ore reduce instead Should, enter cooling section after forming sponge iron.Sponge iron is cooled to close to after environment temperature into cooling section in cooling air-flow, is led to Bottom discharging device is crossed to discharge out of the furnace.

During work, the bustle pipe that Primordial Qi is arranged on outside stove by reducing pars infrasegmentalis is gone back, is sprayed through nozzle from the circumferential periphery of shaft furnace Enter in stove.As shaft furnace scale maximizes, shaft furnace diameter is being continuously increased, and diametrically opposite effluxvelocity constantly decays, also Primordial Qi can not be blown into shaft furnace center, cause central gas flow small, big close to furnace wall throughput, and Gas Flow divides in shaft furnace Cloth is uneven.Coal gas quantity necessary to carrying out normal reduction reaction due to core furnace charge is few, and this is necessarily caused in shaft furnace The degree of metalization of core furnace charge significantly reduces.In order to ensure the degree of metalization for reaching requirement, furnace charge will be caused in shaft furnace The interior residence time is elongated, consumption reduces tolerance increases, and will necessarily increase energy consumption and production cost.

The content of the invention

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a kind of gas-based shaft kiln, and round platform material guide structure is set in furnace chamber, it is ensured that Gas-based shaft kiln center Gas Flow is adjustable, gas fluid distrbution inside optimization shaft furnace, improves gas utilization rate, improves gas-based shaft kiln product The degree of metalization of sponge iron.

The present invention provides a kind of gas-based shaft kiln, and its inner chamber includes reduction section and cooling section, set in the lower end of the reduction section There are upper bustle pipe, lower bustle pipe and round platform material guide structure；

The upper bustle pipe is arranged on the outside of furnace wall, positioned at the top of the round platform material guide structure, is set on the upper bustle pipe There are multiple top nozzles, the top nozzle connects the inner chamber of the gas-based shaft kiln；

The round platform material guide structure is located at the inner chamber of the gas-based shaft kiln, and the round platform material guide structure includes support beam, led Flitch and refractory brick；The support beam is fixed on the furnace wall, the stock guide be up/down perforation back taper, the guide The upper end of plate is fixedly connected with the furnace wall, and the lower end of the stock guide is fixedly connected with the front end of the support beam, described to lead The surface of flitch is provided with heat insulation layer, and refractory brick is provided between the support beam and the stock guide；

The lower bustle pipe is arranged on the outside of the furnace wall, the middle part of round platform material guide structure described in position correspondence, under described Bustle pipe is provided with multiple lower nozzles, and the lower nozzle connects the inner chamber of the gas-based shaft kiln through the refractory brick.

In some embodiments of the present invention, cross temperature measurer is provided with the inner chamber of the gas-based shaft kiln, the cross is surveyed Warm device is located at the top of the upper bustle pipe.

As preferred embodiments of the present invention, water-cooling structure is provided between the stock guide and the refractory brick.

Further, the diameter of the stock guide lower ending opening accounts for the 3/5~2/3 of the gas-based shaft kiln internal diameter.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the inverted cone surface of the stock guide and the angle of horizontal plane are 45 °~60 °.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the lower nozzle tilts down setting, and the angle of itself and horizontal plane is 25 °~ 30°。

Answered specifically, the material of the heat insulation layer is alumina-silica fire pouring material, high alumina castable or vermiculite perlite Close one kind in refractory material.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the refractory brick is one in lightweight magnesium-aluminum spinel brick, silica brick or high-alumina brick Kind.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the section of the support beam is triangle.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the support beam is provided with waterway.

The gas-based shaft kiln of the present invention, round platform material guide structure is set in stove, Primordial Qi air inlet bustle pipe is gone back using upper and lower two, makes Gas-based shaft kiln internal gas flow is uniformly reasonable along cross-sectional distribution, improves gas utilization rate, reduces sponge iron product per ton and consumed Reduce tolerance；Increase central gas flow, promote gas-based shaft kiln center furnace charge fully to reduce, the metallization of center furnace charge can be improved Rate；Round platform material guide structure can effective lower nozzle of the protection setting inside it, the direct contact nozzle pipe of pelletizing is avoided, by blast tube Crimp, ensure operation steady in a long-term.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the gas-based shaft kiln of the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the top view at the round platform material guide structure of the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is the partial enlarged drawing of the gas-based shaft kiln part A of the embodiment of the present invention.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with drawings and examples, the embodiment of the present invention is described in more details, so as to energy The advantages of enough more fully understanding the solution of the present invention and its various aspects.However, specific embodiments described below and implementation Example is for illustrative purposes only, rather than limitation of the present invention.

Heretofore described " connection ", unless otherwise clear and definite regulation or limit, should broadly understood, can be direct It is connected or is connected by intermediary.

As shown in figure 1, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of gas-based shaft kiln, its inner chamber includes reduction section 1 and cooling section 2, thing Material enters reduction section 1 and reduction reaction generation sponge iron occurs, and sponge iron carries out cooling heel row into cooling section 2 and goes out gas-based shaft kiln.

It is more evenly distributed in order that obtaining gas in the material of reduction section 1, the efficiency of reduction reaction is improved, in reduction section 1 Lower end be provided with round platform material guide structure 5, be provided with upper bustle pipe 3 and lower bustle pipe 6, upper measurement in the outside of the lower end furnace wall of reduction section 1 Pipe 3 and lower bustle pipe 6 are used for the conveying of also Primordial Qi.

Upper bustle pipe 3 is located at the top of the upper surface of round platform material guide structure 5, and around body of heater one week, upper bustle pipe 3 was provided with multiple Nozzle 4.Top nozzle 4 passes through furnace wall, extends into the inner chamber of gas-based shaft kiln, and reducing gas is sprayed into reduction section by top nozzle 4 so that thing With gas reduction reaction occurs for material, and top nozzle 4 is more to provide gas for the material of periphery.

As shown in Figures 2 and 3, round platform material guide structure 5 is located at the inner chamber of gas-based shaft kiln, and the material on the top of reduction section 1 need to pass through Round platform material guide structure 5 moves down.Round platform material guide structure 5 includes support beam 9, stock guide 51 and refractory brick 10.

Stock guide 51 is back taper, up/down perforation.Stock guide 51 is made of heat-resistant steel, and to adapt to the high temperature in stove, is protected Demonstrate,prove the structural strength of round platform material guide structure 5.Heat insulation layer 52 is provided with the surface of stock guide 51, guarantor can be provided to stock guide 51 Shield.The material of the heat insulation layer 52 of the present embodiment is that alumina-silica fire pouring material, high alumina castable or vermiculite perlite are compound resistance to One kind in fiery material.

Support beam 9 is used for the support of stock guide 51, is fixed on furnace wall 11, the support beam 9 of the present embodiment is in the horizontal direction Furnace chamber is stretched into, to support stock guide 51.The upper end of stock guide 51 is fixedly connected with furnace wall 11, the lower end of stock guide 51 and support The front end of beam 9 is fixedly connected.The cross section of the support beam 9 of the present embodiment is triangle, such simple in construction, easy to install, also Firm support can be provided stock guide 51.Preferably, in order to which support beam 9 is not influenceed by furnace high-temperature, set in support beam 9 There is waterway 91, waterway is closed chamber, through whole support beam, provided with water inlet and delivery port, water inlet and water outlet Mouth is connected with stove outer circulation water system.

Refractory brick 10 is provided between support beam 9, stock guide 51 and furnace lining 12, refractory brick 10 can play branch to stock guide 51 Support acts on.Preferably, refractory brick 10 is one kind in lightweight magnesium-aluminum spinel brick, silica brick or high-alumina brick.

In the present embodiment, the diameter of the lower ending opening of stock guide 51 accounts for the 3/5~2/3 of its position gas-based shaft kiln internal diameter, Preferably 1/3.If the ratio that the diameter of the lower ending opening of stock guide 51 accounts for gas-based shaft kiln internal diameter is excessive, also Primordial Qi is still difficult to spray into To shaft furnace center；If the ratio that the diameter of the lower ending opening of stock guide 51 accounts for gas-based shaft kiln internal diameter is too small, the structure bears top Furnace charge pressure increases, and is easily damaged.For the type of furnace of routine, the lower edge of stock guide 51 and furnace wall horizontal range for be set to 1~ 2m, it can so ensure that high temperature pelletizing (material) can pass through round platform material guide structure and enter bottom cooling section.According to stove Expect nature angle of rest (repose) and mobility, the inverted cone surface of stock guide 51 and the angle of horizontal plane are 45 °~60 °, preferably 48 °~53 °, are protected The mobility of exhibit material.

The present embodiment is in order to be further ensured that intensity of the stock guide 51 in hot environment, in stock guide 51 and refractory brick 10 Between be provided with water-cooling structure 13.Water-cooling structure 13 is made up of polylith coldplate, and coldplate is steel-casting, and inside is cast with seamless steel Pipe, seamless steel pipe are provided with water inlet and delivery port, seamless steel pipe serpentine-like in coldplate (continuous S-shaped) distribution, seamless steel The water inlet and delivery port of pipe are connected to stove outer circulation water system.

The position of lower bustle pipe 6 of conveying also Primordial Qi corresponds to the middle part of round platform material guide structure 5, and lower bustle pipe 6 surrounds body of heater one In week, multiple lower nozzles 7 are connected with, lower nozzle 7 connects the inner chamber of gas-based shaft kiln through refractory brick 10, extends to the lower end of stock guide 51 The edge of opening.Partial reduction gas is sprayed into furnace chamber by lower nozzle 7, in order to improve the efficiency that gas contacts with material, lower spray Mouth 7 tilts down setting, and the angle of itself and horizontal plane is 25 °~30 °, and optimized angle is 27 °~29 °.

Refractory brick 10 can be protected to lower blast tube 7, avoid the direct contact nozzle pipe of pelletizing, and blast tube is extruded and become Shape.The setting of round platform material guide structure simultaneously so that bustle pipe sprays into also Primordial Qi and can only entered by dead zone among shaft furnace also under Primordial Qi Shaft furnace top, realize purpose of the air-flow along central distribution.In order to ensure gas-based shaft kiln edge airflow abundance, the also top nozzle of Primordial Qi 4 spray into also Primordial Qi using low pressure.

It is additionally provided with cross temperature measurer 8 in furnace chamber, the top of bustle pipe in the position correspondence where cross temperature measurer 8. Cross temperature measurer 8 can detect stove inner section Temperature Distribution, the computer control system outside its connection, be the control of gas-based shaft kiln System provides temperature parameter.The cross thermocouple that the cross temperature measurer 8 of the present embodiment is selected.Gas-based shaft kiln sets two also Primordial Qi air inlet bustle pipe, supply gas into shaft furnace from position above and below round platform material guide structure, supervised by the cross temperature measurer 8 in stove respectively Perpendicular in-furnace temperature is surveyed, adjustment control two also Primordial Qi air inlet bustle pipe gas allocation ratio and admission pressure, avoids central gas from flowing through Degree development, the high phenomenon of center charge-temperature, it is ensured that gas-based shaft kiln interior air-flow is evenly distributed.

The gas-based shaft kiln of the present embodiment, by setting round platform material guide structure and two to go back Primordial Qi air inlet bustle pipe, erect gas base Furnace interior air-flow is uniformly reasonable along cross-sectional distribution, improves gas utilization rate, reduces sponge iron product per ton and consumes also Primordial Qi Amount；Increase central gas flow, promote gas-based shaft kiln center furnace charge fully to reduce, the degree of metalization of center furnace charge can be improved.

Embodiment 1

For the present embodiment by taking a diameter of 7m large-scale gas-based shaft kiln as an example, gas-based shaft kiln operating pressure is 0.13MPa.Reducing Section lower end is set respectively goes back bustle pipe 6 under Primordial Qi upper measurement pipe 3, also Primordial Qi, and stock guide lower edge and furnace wall horizontal range are 1.3m.

It is 26 ° that the iron ore concentrate acid pellet that granularity is 8~20mm, which measures nature angle of rest (repose), and mobility inclination angle is 42 °, and round platform is led The stock guide inclination angle of material structure 5 is arranged to 50 °, fully ensures that pelletizing smoothly can enter bottom through round platform material guide structure 5 and cool down Section 2.

Set two also Primordial Qi air inlet bustle pipe, respectively outside stove corresponding round platform material guide structure about 5 position supply gas into Enter shaft furnace, perpendicular in-furnace temperature is monitored by the cross thermocouple in stove, wherein the penetrating of the upper bustle pipe 3 also Primordial Qi of also Primordial Qi accounts for The 55% of total amount, the quantity of top nozzle 4 of upper bustle pipe connection is 20, and it is 0.16MPa that upper bustle pipe, which enters atmospheric pressure,；Lower bustle pipe 6 sprays into Also Primordial Qi accounts for total amount 45%, and the quantity of lower nozzle 7 of lower bustle pipe connection is 14, and it is 0.2MPa that lower bustle pipe 6, which enters atmospheric pressure,.

The edge of stock guide is extend into inside lower refractory brick of the nozzle 7 through round platform material guide structure, is 26 ° oblique with horizontal sextant angle Downwards, the refractory brick 10 of round platform material guide structure can be protected to lower blast tube, the direct contact nozzle pipe of pelletizing be avoided, by nozzle Pipe crimp.Under this assignment of traffic ratio and pressure operation, gas-based shaft kiln interior air-flow is evenly distributed, can be by furnace charge center temperature Degree is with peripheral temperature difference control within 80 DEG C.

Contrasted with traditional gas-based shaft kiln, handle material using the gas-based shaft kiln of the present embodiment, gas utilization rate can be carried High by 6%, the degree of metalization of gas-based shaft kiln product sponge iron is relatively stable, 93% is can reach after optimization, and ton iron loss tolerance reduces 5%.

It should be noted that each embodiment above by reference to described by accompanying drawing only limits this to illustrate rather than The scope of invention, it will be understood by those within the art that, it is right under the premise without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention The modification or equivalent substitution that the present invention is carried out, all should cover within the scope of the present invention.It is in addition, signified unless the context Outside, the word occurred in the singular includes plural form, and vice versa.In addition, unless stated otherwise, then any embodiment All or part of can combine any other embodiment all or part of use.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of gas-based shaft kiln, its inner chamber includes reduction section and cooling section, it is characterised in that is provided with the lower end of the reduction section Upper bustle pipe, lower bustle pipe and round platform material guide structure；

The upper bustle pipe is arranged on the outside of furnace wall, and positioned at the top of the round platform material guide structure, the upper bustle pipe is provided with more Individual top nozzle, the top nozzle connect the inner chamber of the gas-based shaft kiln；

The round platform material guide structure is located at the inner chamber of the gas-based shaft kiln, and the round platform material guide structure includes support beam, stock guide And refractory brick；The support beam is fixed on the furnace wall, and the stock guide is the back taper of up/down perforation, the stock guide Upper end is fixedly connected with the furnace wall, and the lower end of the stock guide is fixedly connected with the front end of the support beam, the stock guide Surface be provided with heat insulation layer, refractory brick is provided between the support beam and the stock guide；

The lower bustle pipe is arranged on the outside of the furnace wall, the middle part of round platform material guide structure described in position correspondence, the lower bustle pipe Multiple lower nozzles are provided with, the lower nozzle connects the inner chamber of the gas-based shaft kiln through the refractory brick.

2. gas-based shaft kiln according to claim 1, it is characterised in that be provided with cross temperature in the inner chamber of the gas-based shaft kiln Device, the cross temperature measurer are located at the top of the upper bustle pipe.

3. gas-based shaft kiln according to claim 1, it is characterised in that water is provided between the stock guide and the refractory brick Air-cooled structure.

4. gas-based shaft kiln according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the diameter of the stock guide lower ending opening accounts for the gas The 3/5~2/3 of base shaft furnace internal diameter.

5. gas-based shaft kiln according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the inverted cone surface of the stock guide and the angle of horizontal plane For 45 °~60 °.

6. gas-based shaft kiln according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the lower nozzle tilts down setting, itself and level The angle in face is 25 °~30 °.

7. gas-based shaft kiln according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the material of the heat insulation layer pours for alumina-silica fire One kind in material, high alumina castable or vermiculite perlite composite refractory.

8. gas-based shaft kiln according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the refractory brick is lightweight magnesium-aluminum spinel brick, silicon One kind in brick or high-alumina brick.

9. gas-based shaft kiln according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the section of the support beam is triangle.

10. gas-based shaft kiln according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the support beam is provided with waterway.