CN107502694B - Shaft furnace air inlet device and shaft furnace air inlet method - Google Patents
Shaft furnace air inlet device and shaft furnace air inlet method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107502694B CN107502694B CN201710703314.1A CN201710703314A CN107502694B CN 107502694 B CN107502694 B CN 107502694B CN 201710703314 A CN201710703314 A CN 201710703314A CN 107502694 B CN107502694 B CN 107502694B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/02—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in shaft furnaces
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B11/00—Making pig-iron other than in blast furnaces
- C21B11/02—Making pig-iron other than in blast furnaces in low shaft furnaces or shaft furnaces
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/0073—Selection or treatment of the reducing gases
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Abstract
The invention provides a shaft furnace air inlet device and a shaft furnace air inlet method, wherein the device comprises a gas ring pipe and a gas hole which are used for air inlet from the middle part of a shaft furnace, and also comprises a reduction gas conveying and processing system, a detection and control system, a bottom air inlet pipeline, a gas distributor, a protective cover, a dust blowing facility and a gas isolating facility; the reduction gas conveying and treating system comprises a cold gas pipeline, a hot gas dust remover and a mixed gas pipeline; the detection and control system comprises a cold gas thermometer, a cold gas flowmeter, a cold gas flow regulating valve, a hot gas thermometer, a mixed gas thermometer and a related control system. The invention can reliably and efficiently send the reduction gas into the central area of the shaft furnace, and independently control the flow and the temperature of the reduction gas according to the actual production requirement, so that the gas flow in the shaft furnace is uniformly distributed, the temperature field is reasonably distributed, thereby improving the metallization rate of the sponge iron, improving the gas utilization rate and the production efficiency of the shaft furnace, and reducing the fuel ratio and the production cost of the shaft furnace.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a shaft furnace for non-blast furnace ironmaking, in particular to a shaft furnace air inlet device and a method for realizing shaft furnace air inlet by using the shaft furnace air inlet device.
Background
Shaft furnaces such as Midrex shaft furnace, HYL shaft furnace and Corex shaft furnace which are not commonly used for blast furnace ironmaking are characterized in that the reduced gas passes through a gas ring pipe arranged in the middle of the shaft furnace and a gas Kong Penru shaft furnace which is communicated with the gas ring pipe and uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the shaft furnace. With the increase of the diameter of the shaft furnace, the reduction gas is difficult to reach the central region of the shaft furnace from the peripheral region of the shaft furnace, and the gas is unevenly distributed on the cross section of the shaft furnace, so that the metallization rate of the sponge iron in the central region of the shaft furnace is lower than that of the peripheral region of the shaft furnace, the gas utilization rate and the production efficiency of the shaft furnace are reduced, and the fuel ratio and the production cost of the shaft furnace are increased. Midrex shaft furnace, HYL shaft furnace, owing to set up loose roller to set up the cold gas distributor that is used for cooling sponge iron in the shaft furnace lower part, make the distribution of reducing gas in the shaft furnace improved, alleviateed the inhomogeneous problem of gas distribution in the stove. The problems of small reduction gas quantity in the central area of the shaft furnace and uneven gas distribution in the furnace are obvious due to the large diameter of the shaft furnace, in particular to the Corex C3000 shaft furnace introduced by the Bao steel. To solve this problem, siemens otta company adds an AGD pipe in the middle of the Corex shaft furnace, and introduces a portion of the reduced gas in the gas loop into the central region in the middle of the shaft furnace. From a production practice, while AGD pipes have some effect on improving gas distribution in shaft furnaces, there are also some problems and disadvantages: the manufacturing difficulty is high, and the cost is high; the shaft furnace is longer and wider, and accounts for 30% of the cross section area of the shaft furnace, so that the utilization rate of the shaft furnace is reduced; the water is required to be cooled, so that the safety risk exists, and the temperature distribution in the furnace is also influenced; the flow rate and temperature of the reducing gas entering the central region of the shaft furnace through the AGD pipeline cannot be controlled independently, and the production requirement is difficult to meet.
Application publication number CN102417945a discloses a shaft furnace with a central gas distribution device and a method for controlling the gas distribution. Arranging a tubular gas distribution device with a cone top in the central area of the bottom of the shaft furnace, and sending the reduced gas into the central area of the shaft furnace through a plurality of rows of small holes on the side wall and the cone top of the gas distribution device; a gas regulating valve is arranged on a gas pipeline outside the furnace to control the quantity of gas entering the central area of the shaft furnace from a gas distribution device. The apparatus and method have the following problems and drawbacks: the small holes on the side wall and the cone top of the gas distribution device are in direct contact with the furnace burden used for production, the furnace burden is tightly covered around the small holes, the reducing gas entering the furnace burden from the small holes has no convolution space, is difficult to spread, has small contact area between the reducing gas and the furnace burden, and has limited gas distribution effect; the small holes are easy to be blocked by furnace burden and dust due to fluctuation of reducing gas pressure, the action of furnace burden column pressure and the difficult-to-avoid local high temperature during production, so that the gas distribution device is invalid; the temperature of the reduction gas entering the shaft furnace is generally 800-850 ℃, and a gas regulating valve is arranged on a gas pipeline with the high temperature, so that the problems exist in the aspects of equipment selection, long-term stable operation of equipment and the like, and the reduction gas is difficult to implement in actual production; the method for controlling the temperature of the reduced gas entering the central area of the shaft furnace through the gas distribution device cannot be provided according to the actual production requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the technical problems and defects, the reducing gas is reliably and efficiently fed into the central area of the shaft furnace, and meanwhile, the flow and the temperature of the reducing gas can be independently controlled according to the actual production requirements, so that the gas flow in the shaft furnace is uniformly distributed, the temperature field is reasonably distributed, the metallization rate of sponge iron is improved, the gas utilization rate and the production efficiency of the shaft furnace are improved, and the fuel ratio and the production cost of the shaft furnace are reduced.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides a shaft furnace air inlet device, which comprises a gas ring pipe and a gas hole which are used for air inlet from the middle part of the shaft furnace, and also comprises a reducing gas conveying and processing system, a detecting and controlling system, a bottom air inlet pipeline, a gas distributor, a protecting cover, a dust sweeping facility and a gas isolating facility which are independently arranged for air inlet from the bottom of the shaft furnace;
the reduction gas conveying and treating system comprises a cold gas pipeline, a hot gas dust remover and a mixed gas pipeline;
the detection and control system comprises a cold gas thermometer, a cold gas flowmeter, a cold gas flow regulating valve, a hot gas thermometer, a mixed gas thermometer and a related control system;
the bottom air inlet pipeline is positioned at the inner side of the bottom of the shaft furnace, one end of the bottom air inlet pipeline is connected with the gas distributor, and the other end of the bottom air inlet pipeline is connected with the mixed gas pipeline; the gas distributor and the protective cover are arranged in the central area of the lower part of the shaft furnace, the protective cover covers right above the gas distributor, and the protective cover is larger than the gas distributor in the cross section, so that a gas swirling space without furnace burden is formed outside the gas distributor; the upper part of the gas distributor is provided with one or two circles, each circle is provided with a plurality of upward-inclined or downward-inclined air inlets, and the air inlets are communicated with the gas swirling space.
Furthermore, the bottom air inlet pipeline is embedded in the refractory material at the bottom of the shaft furnace, enters the shaft furnace from the bottom of the shaft furnace or the side surface close to the bottom, and is one or more, and is built by the refractory material or is made of a heat-resistant steel pipe.
Further, the gas distributor is arranged above the central area of the refractory material at the bottom of the shaft furnace and is built by the refractory material or is made of heat-resistant steel or is formed by combining the refractory material and the heat-resistant steel; the cross section of the material is round, regular polygon or irregular shape; the inclination angle of the air inlet is not less than 30 degrees, the cross section of the air inlet is round, rectangular or regular polygon, and the elevation of the center of the outlet of the air inlet is required to be determined according to production process conditions.
Furthermore, the protective cover is formed by welding heat-resistant steel plates or by manufacturing heat-resistant cast steel, water cooling is not needed, and refractory materials can be built on the outer side and the inner side of the protective cover.
Furthermore, the dust purging facility is arranged near a gentle and easy-to-deposit gas pipeline, and nitrogen is used as a purging gas source.
Furthermore, the gas separation facilities are arranged on the mixed gas pipeline or are respectively arranged on the cold gas pipeline and the hot gas pipeline, and a blind plate or a cut-off valve is adopted.
Furthermore, the hot gas pipeline and the mixed gas pipeline are built with refractory materials inside the pipeline.
Further, the hot gas dust remover is a cyclone dust remover or a gravity dust remover.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention also provides a method for realizing air intake of a shaft furnace by using an air intake device of the shaft furnace, comprising the following steps:
(1) The cold coal gas is sent to the vicinity of the shaft furnace by a cold coal gas pipeline, and the flow and the temperature of the cold coal gas are measured in real time; the hot gas is sent to the vicinity of the shaft furnace through a hot gas pipeline after passing through a hot gas dust remover, and the temperature of the hot gas is measured in real time;
(2) Mixing the cold gas and the hot gas, then entering a mixed gas pipeline, and measuring the temperature of the mixed gas in real time;
(3) According to the principles of conservation of energy and conservation of substances before and after mixing of the gas, calculating the flow of the mixed gas in real time from the measured flow and temperature of the cold gas, the temperature of the hot gas and the temperature of the mixed gas;
(4) If the actual value of the flow or temperature of the mixed gas deviates from the set value, the detection and control system sends a control signal to the cold gas flow regulating valve to automatically and continuously regulate the opening degree and regulate the flow of the cold gas, so that the flow and the temperature of the mixed gas are regulated until the flow or the temperature of the mixed gas reaches the set value required by production;
(5) The mixed gas reaching the set flow or the set temperature enters the central area of the shaft furnace through the bottom air inlet pipeline, the gas distributor and the gas inlet hole and the gas swirling space of the gas distributor;
(6) During normal production, the gas separation facility is in an open state, but when the shaft furnace is emptied or other external pipelines need to be disconnected, the gas separation facility is closed;
(7) When the dust accumulation in the pipeline is serious, or periodically, a dust blowing facility is opened to remove the dust accumulation in the pipeline.
Further, the cold gas in the step (1) is from a cold gas pressurizing machine, and the temperature is 70 ℃; the hot gas comes from the gasifier dome at 1050 ℃.
Further, the temperature of the mixed gas in the step (4) is set to be 400-850 ℃; the setting range of the mixed gas flow is 30000-50000 Nm 3 /h。
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) The gas distributor and the protective cover are arranged, and a gas swirling space without furnace burden is formed outside the gas distributor, so that the furnace burden can be prevented from directly contacting with a gas inlet hole, the problems of blocking the gas inlet hole, failure of an air inlet device and the like are avoided, and the rapid diffusion of the reduced gas is facilitated, so that the reduced gas can be reliably and efficiently fed into the central area of the shaft furnace, the metallization rate of sponge iron is improved, the gas utilization rate and the production efficiency of the shaft furnace are improved, and the fuel ratio and the production cost of the shaft furnace are reduced.
(2) The reducing gas conveying and processing system and the detecting and controlling system provided by the invention are reliable and easy to operate, are convenient to maintain, can independently control the flow and the temperature of the reducing gas entering the central area of the shaft furnace, and enable the gas flow inside the shaft furnace to be distributed uniformly and the temperature field to be distributed reasonably, thereby further improving the metallization rate of sponge iron, improving the gas utilization rate and the production efficiency of the shaft furnace, reducing the fuel ratio and the production cost of the shaft furnace, and better meeting the actual production requirements.
(3) The reducing gas entering the central area of the shaft furnace can also play a role in cooling the sponge iron and is heated by the sponge iron, so that a series of problems caused by overhigh temperature of the sponge iron can be effectively prevented, and the reduction of the energy consumption of the shaft furnace is facilitated.
(4) When the hot gas comes from the vault of the gasifier, such as a Corex safety gas pipeline, the gasifier is directly communicated with the bottom of the shaft furnace, and the gas blocking loss of the channel is relatively small, so that the gas can be effectively inhibited from reversely flowing from the gasifier to the shaft furnace through the DRI blanking pipe, a series of problems caused by the reverse flowing of the gas are avoided, the equipment overhaul and maintenance are reduced, the adhesion of the shaft furnace is reduced, the emptying time interval of the shaft furnace is prolonged, the production is more stable, the production cost is also reduced, and the operation rate of the shaft furnace is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing a structure of an air intake device of a shaft furnace according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged schematic view of an air intake device of a shaft furnace according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 3 shows a cross-sectional view along A-A of figure 2.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing a structure of an air intake device of a shaft furnace according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is given with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. Advantages and features of the invention will become more apparent from the following description and from the claims. It is noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and use non-precise ratios for convenience and clarity in assisting in illustrating embodiments of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic view showing a structure of a shaft furnace air intake device according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention. The invention provides a shaft furnace air inlet device, which comprises a gas ring pipe 1 and a gas hole 2 which are used for air inlet from the middle part of a shaft furnace, and also comprises a reducing gas conveying and processing system, a detecting and controlling system, a bottom air inlet pipeline 13, a gas distributor 14, a protective cover 15, a dust blowing device 16 and a gas isolating device 17 which are independently arranged for air inlet from the bottom of the shaft furnace;
the reducing gas conveying and treating system comprises a cold gas pipeline 3, a hot gas pipeline 7, a hot gas dust remover 8 and a mixed gas pipeline 10; the detection and control system comprises a cold gas thermometer 5, a cold gas flowmeter 4, a cold gas flow regulating valve 6, a hot gas thermometer 9, a mixed gas thermometer 11 and a related control system 12;
the cold gas thermometer 4, the cold gas flowmeter 5 and the cold gas flow regulating valve 6 are connected in series on the cold gas pipeline 3; the hot gas dust remover 8 and the hot gas thermometer 9 are connected in series on the hot gas pipeline 7; the mixed gas thermometer 11 and the gas partition facility 17 are connected in series on the mixed gas pipeline 10; a dust purge facility 16 is installed at the end of the mixed gas conduit 10, using nitrogen as a purge gas source.
The bottom air inlet pipeline 13 is positioned at the inner side of the bottom of the shaft furnace, one end of the bottom air inlet pipeline is connected with the gas distributor 14, and the other end of the bottom air inlet pipeline is connected with the mixed gas pipeline 10; the gas distributor 14 and the protective cover 15 are arranged in the central area of the lower part of the shaft furnace, the protective cover 15 covers the position right above the gas distributor 14, and the protective cover 15 is larger than the gas distributor 14 in the cross section, so that a gas swirling space 19 without furnace burden is formed outside the gas distributor 14; the upper part of the gas distributor 14 is provided with one or two circles, each circle is provided with a plurality of upward inclined or downward inclined gas inlets 20, and the gas inlets 20 are communicated with the gas swirling space 19.
Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged schematic view of an air intake device of a shaft furnace according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention. The bottom air inlet pipeline 13 is inlaid in a refractory 18 at the bottom of the shaft furnace, enters the shaft furnace from the bottom or the side surface close to the bottom of the shaft furnace, and is formed by laying refractory or made of heat-resistant steel pipes.
The gas distributor 14 is arranged above the central area of the refractory 18 at the bottom of the shaft furnace, is built by the refractory or is made of heat-resistant steel or is formed by combining the refractory and the heat-resistant steel; the cross section of the material is round, regular polygon or irregular shape; the inclination angle of the air inlet hole 20 is not less than 30 degrees, in this embodiment, the inclination angle is 36 degrees, the cross section of the air inlet hole 20 is circular, rectangular or regular polygon, and the elevation of the center of the outlet of the air inlet hole 20 is determined according to the production process conditions.
The protective cover 15 is formed by welding heat-resistant steel plates or by manufacturing heat-resistant cast steel, water cooling is not needed, and refractory materials can be built on the outer side and the inner side of the protective cover 15.
The dust purge facility 16 is disposed near a gentle, ash-prone gas conduit, and uses nitrogen as a purge gas source.
The gas separation facility 17 is arranged on the mixed gas pipeline 10 or respectively arranged on the cold gas pipeline 3 and the hot gas pipeline 7, and a blind plate or a cut-off valve is adopted.
The hot gas pipeline 7 and the mixed gas pipeline 10 are all required to be built with refractory materials inside the pipelines.
The hot gas dust collector 8 is a cyclone dust collector or a gravity dust collector, and can be omitted when hot gas comes from Corex reduced and surplus gas or other similar dust-removed gas.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 2. As shown in FIG. 3, the gas distributor 14 has a total of 8 inlet holes 20.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention also provides a method for realizing air intake of a shaft furnace by using an air intake device of the shaft furnace, comprising the following steps:
(1) The cold coal gas is sent to the vicinity of the shaft furnace by a cold coal gas pipeline, and the flow and the temperature of the cold coal gas are measured in real time; the hot gas is sent to the vicinity of the shaft furnace through a hot gas pipeline after passing through a hot gas dust remover, and the temperature of the hot gas is measured in real time;
(2) Mixing the cold gas and the hot gas, then entering a mixed gas pipeline, and measuring the temperature of the mixed gas in real time;
(3) According to the principles of conservation of energy and conservation of substances before and after mixing of the gas, calculating the flow of the mixed gas in real time from the measured flow and temperature of the cold gas, the temperature of the hot gas and the temperature of the mixed gas;
(4) If the actual value of the flow or temperature of the mixed gas deviates from the set value, the detection and control system sends a control signal to the cold gas flow regulating valve to automatically and continuously regulate the opening degree and regulate the flow of the cold gas, so that the flow and the temperature of the mixed gas are regulated until the flow or the temperature of the mixed gas reaches the set value required by production;
(5) The mixed gas reaching the set flow or the set temperature enters the central area of the shaft furnace through the bottom air inlet pipeline, the gas distributor and the gas inlet hole and the gas swirling space of the gas distributor;
(6) During normal production, the gas separation facility is in an open state, but when the shaft furnace is emptied or other external pipelines need to be disconnected, the gas separation facility is closed;
(7) When the dust accumulation in the pipeline is serious, or periodically, a dust blowing facility is opened to remove the dust accumulation in the pipeline.
According to the preferred embodiment of the invention, the cold gas in the step (1) is from a cold gas pressurizing machine, and the temperature is 70 ℃; the hot gas comes from the gasifier vault, such as the Corex safety gas line, at 1050 ℃, and the hot gas dust separator step is eliminated when the hot gas comes from the Corex reduction and surplus gas or other dust removed similar gas.
The temperature setting range of the mixed gas in the step (4) is 400-850 ℃; the setting range of the mixed gas flow is 30000-50000 Nm 3 /h。
A method for achieving air intake of a shaft furnace according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention comprises the steps of:
(1) The cold coal gas in the cold coal gas pipeline 3 comes from a cold coal gas pressurizing machine, and the temperature is 70 ℃; the hot gas in the hot gas pipeline 7 is from Corex safety gas, and the temperature is 1050 ℃;
(2) After passing through the hot gas dust remover 8, the hot gas is mixed with cold gas and enters the mixed gas pipeline 10;
(3) According to the principles of conservation of energy and conservation of substances before and after mixing of the gas, calculating the flow of the mixed gas in real time from the measured flow and temperature of the cold gas, the temperature of the hot gas and the temperature of the mixed gas;
(4) The PLC control system 12 receives the values measured by the cold gas flowmeter 4, the cold gas thermometer 5, the hot gas thermometer 9 and the mixed gas thermometer 11, if the actual value deviates from a set value, the actual value is calculated by a computer program and sends a control signal to the cold gas flow regulating valve 6 to automatically and continuously regulate the opening until the flow rate or the temperature of the mixed gas reaches the set value, and the set range of the mixed gas temperature is usually 400-850 ℃; the mixed gas flow rate setting range is usually 30000-50000 Nm 3 /h；
(5) The mixed gas reaching the set flow or the set temperature reaches the central area of the shaft furnace through the bottom air inlet pipeline 13, the gas distributor 14, the air inlet hole 20 and the gas swirling space 19.
(6) During normal production, the gas separation facility 17 is in an open state, but when the shaft furnace is emptied or other external pipelines need to be disconnected, the gas separation facility 17 is closed;
(7) However, when the pipe is seriously deposited, or periodically, the dust purge facility 16 is turned on to remove the deposited dust in the pipe.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic view showing a structure of a shaft furnace air intake device according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 4, a shaft furnace air intake device comprises a gas loop 1, a gas hole 2, a cold gas pipeline 3, a cold gas flowmeter 4, a cold gas thermometer 5, a cold gas flow regulating valve 6, a hot gas pipeline 7, a hot gas thermometer 9, a mixed gas pipeline 10, a mixed gas thermometer 11, a PLC control system 12, a bottom air inlet pipeline 13, a gas distributor 14, a protective cover 15, a dust purging facility 16 and a gas isolating facility 17, wherein the cold gas pipeline 3, the cold gas flowmeter 4, the cold gas flow regulating valve 6, the hot gas pipeline 7, the hot gas thermometer 9, the mixed gas pipeline 10, the mixed gas thermometer 11, the PLC control system 12, the bottom air inlet pipeline 13, the gas distributor 14, the protective cover 15 and the dust purging facility 16 are additionally arranged. The second preferred embodiment eliminates the hot gas dust remover 8 and the other structures are the same as the first preferred embodiment.
A method for achieving air intake of a shaft furnace according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention comprises the steps of:
(1) The cold coal gas in the cold coal gas pipeline 3 comes from a cold coal gas pressurizing machine, and the temperature is 70 ℃; the hot gas in the hot gas pipeline 7 is from Corex reduction and excess gas, and the temperature is 850 ℃;
(2) The hot gas is mixed with the cold gas and enters the mixed gas pipeline 10 (the treatment of a hot gas dust remover is canceled);
(3) And (7) in the same manner as in example 1.
While the invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limiting. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (11)
1. The gas inlet device of the shaft furnace comprises a gas ring pipe and a gas hole which are used for introducing gas from the middle part of the shaft furnace, and is characterized by further comprising a reducing gas conveying and processing system, a detecting and controlling system, a bottom gas inlet pipeline, a gas distributor, a protective cover, a dust purging facility and a gas isolating facility which are independently arranged for introducing gas to the bottom of the shaft furnace;
the reduction gas conveying and treating system comprises a cold gas pipeline, a hot gas dust remover and a mixed gas pipeline;
the detection and control system comprises a cold gas thermometer, a cold gas flowmeter, a cold gas flow regulating valve, a hot gas thermometer, a mixed gas thermometer and a related control system;
the bottom air inlet pipeline is positioned at the inner side of the bottom of the shaft furnace, one end of the bottom air inlet pipeline is connected with the gas distributor, and the other end of the bottom air inlet pipeline is connected with the mixed gas pipeline; the gas distributor and the protective cover are arranged in the central area of the lower part of the shaft furnace, the protective cover covers right above the gas distributor, and the protective cover is larger than the gas distributor in the cross section, so that a gas swirling space without furnace burden is formed outside the gas distributor; the upper part of the gas distributor is provided with one or two circles, each circle is provided with a plurality of upward-inclined or downward-inclined air inlets, and the air inlets are communicated with the gas swirling space.
2. The shaft furnace air inlet device according to claim 1, wherein the bottom air inlet pipeline is inlaid in a refractory material at the bottom of the shaft furnace, enters the shaft furnace from the bottom or a side surface close to the bottom of the shaft furnace, and is one or more in number, is built from the refractory material or is made from a heat-resistant steel pipe.
3. The shaft furnace air intake device according to claim 1, wherein the gas distributor is placed above a central region of a refractory material at the bottom of the shaft furnace, is built from the refractory material or is made from heat-resistant steel or is formed by a combination of the refractory material and the heat-resistant steel; the cross section of the material is round, regular polygon or irregular shape; the inclination angle of the air inlet is not less than 30 degrees, the cross section of the air inlet is round, rectangular or regular polygon, and the elevation of the center of the outlet of the air inlet is required to be determined according to production process conditions.
4. The shaft furnace air intake device according to claim 1, wherein the protective cover is welded by heat-resistant steel plates or made of heat-resistant cast steel, water cooling is not required, and refractory materials can be built on the outer side and the inner side of the protective cover.
5. The shaft furnace air intake device according to claim 1, characterized in that the dust purging means is arranged near a smooth, ash-prone gas duct, nitrogen being used as a purging air source.
6. The shaft furnace air intake device according to claim 1, wherein the gas blocking means is provided on the mixed gas pipeline or on the cold gas pipeline or the hot gas pipeline respectively, and a blind plate or a shut-off valve is used.
7. The shaft furnace air intake device according to claim 1, wherein the hot gas pipeline and the mixed gas pipeline are built with refractory materials inside the pipelines.
8. The shaft furnace air intake device of claim 1, wherein the hot gas dust remover is a cyclone dust remover or a gravity dust remover.
9. A method of achieving shaft furnace charging by means of a shaft furnace charging device according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized by the steps of:
(1) The cold coal gas is sent to the vicinity of the shaft furnace by a cold coal gas pipeline, and the flow and the temperature of the cold coal gas are measured in real time; the hot gas is sent to the vicinity of the shaft furnace through a hot gas pipeline after passing through a hot gas dust remover, and the temperature of the hot gas is measured in real time;
(2) Mixing the cold gas and the hot gas, then entering a mixed gas pipeline, and measuring the temperature of the mixed gas in real time;
(3) According to the principles of conservation of energy and conservation of substances before and after mixing of the gas, calculating the flow of the mixed gas in real time from the measured flow and temperature of the cold gas, the temperature of the hot gas and the temperature of the mixed gas;
(4) If the actual value of the flow or temperature of the mixed gas deviates from the set value, the detection and control system sends a control signal to the cold gas flow regulating valve to automatically and continuously regulate the opening degree and regulate the flow of the cold gas, so that the flow and the temperature of the mixed gas are regulated until the flow or the temperature of the mixed gas reaches the set value required by production;
(5) The mixed gas reaching the set flow or the set temperature enters the central area of the shaft furnace through the bottom air inlet pipeline, the gas distributor and the gas inlet hole and the gas swirling space of the gas distributor;
(6) During normal production, the gas separation facility is in an open state, but when the shaft furnace is emptied or other external pipelines need to be disconnected, the gas separation facility is closed;
(7) When the dust accumulation in the pipeline is serious, or periodically, a dust blowing facility is opened to remove the dust accumulation in the pipeline.
10. The method for achieving air intake of a shaft furnace by utilizing an air intake device of the shaft furnace according to claim 9, wherein the cold gas in the step (1) is from a cold gas compressor at a temperature of 70 ℃; the hot gas comes from the gasifier dome at 1050 ℃.
11. The method for realizing the air intake of the shaft furnace by utilizing the air intake device of the shaft furnace according to claim 9, wherein the mixed gas temperature in the step (4) is set to be 400-850 ℃; the setting range of the mixed gas flow is 30000-50000 Nm 3 /h。
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| CN112683047B (en) * | 2021-01-20 | 2022-06-07 | 武安市裕华钢铁有限公司 | Method for cleaning blockage of shaft furnace burner |
| CN114480766B (en) * | 2022-02-15 | 2023-02-14 | 新疆八一钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for restraining reverse gas channeling of coal gas and restraining gas of European smelting furnace shaft furnace |
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