CN107500719B - Ball clay used as raw material of high-grade glazed ceramic tile and production method thereof - Google Patents

Ball clay used as raw material of high-grade glazed ceramic tile and production method thereof Download PDF

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CN107500719B
CN107500719B CN201710532453.2A CN201710532453A CN107500719B CN 107500719 B CN107500719 B CN 107500719B CN 201710532453 A CN201710532453 A CN 201710532453A CN 107500719 B CN107500719 B CN 107500719B
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clay
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gibbsite
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CN107500719A (en
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谢汝忠
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Xinhui Xinhui Mining Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B33/00—Clay-wares
    • C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
    • C04B33/04—Clay; Kaolin
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3217—Aluminum oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. bauxite, alpha-alumina
    • C04B2235/3218—Aluminium (oxy)hydroxides, e.g. boehmite, gibbsite, alumina sol
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3427—Silicates other than clay, e.g. water glass
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/44—Metal salt constituents or additives chosen for the nature of the anions, e.g. hydrides or acetylacetonate
    • C04B2235/442—Carbonates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/44—Metal salt constituents or additives chosen for the nature of the anions, e.g. hydrides or acetylacetonate
    • C04B2235/443—Nitrates or nitrites
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/44—Metal salt constituents or additives chosen for the nature of the anions, e.g. hydrides or acetylacetonate
    • C04B2235/444—Halide containing anions, e.g. bromide, iodate, chlorite

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides ball clay used as a raw material of a high-grade glazed ceramic tile, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 8-63% of primary clay, 6-65% of secondary clay, 3-15% of gibbsite, 0.01-3% of diluent, 0.01-2.5% of flocculant and 18-36% of water. The spherical clay of the invention adopts the formula and the production method, can well control the soluble sulfate of the produced spherical clay to be 30-200ppm, has good suspension property, good moisture retention property and good color development after firing, completely overcomes the defect of multiple pores on the surface of a product and poor antifouling effect caused by overhigh sulfate of the raw material in the past, and provides a good quality improvement platform for producing high-grade glazed ceramic tile products in the ceramic manufacturing industry.

Description

Ball clay used as raw material of high-grade glazed ceramic tile and production method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of glazed ceramic tiles, relates to ball clay, and particularly relates to ball clay serving as a raw material of a high-grade glazed ceramic tile and a production method thereof.
Background
With the improvement of living standard of people, the requirements of people on various decorative materials are higher and higher, and the high-quality decorative materials are also closely related to the quality control of raw materials. When polished tiles in the market are manufactured, more concave-convex air holes are reserved on the surface, the air holes can easily store dirt and dirt, so that pollutants can easily permeate into the surface of the polished tiles, even some tea water can not return to the surface of the polished tiles, and the surface of the high-grade glazed tiles has few air holes, is impermeable and easy to clean, and has far better anti-pollution effect than the polished tiles. The high-grade glazed ceramic tile has the advantages that the soluble sulfate of the raw material used by the glazed ceramic tile is low, and the quality is high. The sulfate of the ball clay is basically magnesium sulfate, calcium sulfate, aluminum sulfate, ferric sulfate, manganese sulfate and the like, the pyrolysis temperature of the sulfate is 1073-1473 ℃, and the firing temperature of the glazed ceramic tile is 1000-1250 ℃. After the surface of the glazed ceramic tile is melted and closed, the sulfates are still decomposed to generate gas, the gas is integrated into larger bubbles in the glazed ceramic tile, part of the bubbles break through the melted glaze surface to generate a large number of air holes, part of the bubbles are sealed in the glaze surface, and the number of the air holes on the surface of the glazed ceramic tile is increased after the surface of the glazed ceramic tile is polished. Therefore, it is an important method to obtain a high-grade decorating material by strictly controlling the sulfate content of the raw material.
The soluble sulfate content of raw materials is not controlled before the ball clay in the current market is prepared, so that the soluble sulfate content of the produced ball clay is higher, and therefore, the ball clay with high sulfate content cannot be used for producing high-grade glazed ceramic tiles, or the produced glazed ceramic tiles have unreliable quality, the pores on the surfaces of the glazed ceramic tiles are small and large, the anti-pollution effect is good and bad, and the quality of the glazed ceramic tiles is greatly influenced. Therefore, the soluble sulfate of the ball clay needs to be controlled in a proper range to produce high-grade glazed ceramic tiles with good pollution prevention effect, and the market demand for the high-grade glazed ceramic tiles is met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides ball clay used as a raw material of high-grade glazed ceramic tiles, which has the advantages of low soluble sulfate content of only 30-200ppm, good suspension property, good moisture retention property, good dry breaking strength and the like.
The invention also aims to provide a production method of the ball clay used as the raw material of the high-grade glazed ceramic tile.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the ball clay used as the raw material of the high-grade glazed ceramic tile comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
preferably, the soluble sulfate content of the ball clay used as the raw material of the high-grade glazed ceramic tile is 30-200 ppm.
Preferably, the soluble sulphate content of the selected raw clay is less than 1200 ppm. The primary clay is formed by weathered aluminosilicate rock, such as kaolinite, other hydrous silicate minerals, quartz and the like, incompletely weathered particles are left in situ to form clay, and generated soluble salts are dissolved and taken away by rainwater. The raw clay is generally pure in texture, low in contents of iron oxide, titanium oxide, manganese oxide and the like, high in whiteness after burning and high in refractoriness, but often contains parent rock impurities, and is thick in particles, poor in suspension property, poor in moisture retention, low in plasticity and low in dry bending strength. For example, potassium feldspar weathering reactions are as follows:
4K[AlSi3O8]+6H2O→Al4[Si4O10](OH)8+8SiO2+4KOH or
4K[AlSi3O8]+4H2O→Al4[Si4O10](OH)8+8SiO2+2K2CO3。
Preferably, the secondary clay is selected to have a soluble sulphate content of less than 1200 ppm. The secondary clay is formed by primary clay which is moved away from the primary rock under the action of drift or wind force of a rainwater river and then deposited again in a low-lying place. In the drift migration process, the clay is thinned by collision and friction and simultaneously carries some organic substances and other impurities, so that the secondary clay has the advantages of fine particles, better suspension property, better moisture retention, higher plasticity, higher dry breaking strength and the like, but has more impurities, higher contents of iron oxide, titanium oxide, manganese oxide and the like and lower whiteness after burning.
Preferably, the gibbsite is selected to have a soluble sulfate content of less than 1200 ppm. Gibbsite is mainly a secondary mineral formed by decomposition and hydrolysis of aluminosilicate, and is partially a mineral formed by low-temperature hydrothermal solution of aluminosilicate. The crystals of gibbsite are extremely fine and the crystals aggregate together into nodules, beans or earths. Gibbsite has the advantages of fine particles, high plasticity, good suspension property, good moisture retention and the like, but has large drying shrinkage, large sintering shrinkage and low drying strength.
Preferably, the selected diluent is water glass, sodium carbonate or sodium humate, and the selected diluent has a soluble sulfate content of less than 1000 ppm. The primary clay, the secondary clay and the gibbsite can be fully dispersed in the water medium by adding the diluent, so that a good slurry system is formed, the slurry has good conveying performance, and meanwhile, impurities are easy to remove.
Preferably, the flocculant is selected from polyaluminium chloride, nitric acid or magnesium chloride, and the content of soluble sulfate of the flocculant is less than 1000 ppm. The flocculant is added to enable primary clay, secondary clay and gibbsite to be coagulated to form good stable and non-laminated slurry, and the filter pressing efficiency of subsequent slurry is improved.
Preferably, the water is selected to have a soluble sulphate content of less than 100 ppm.
The invention also provides a production method of the ball clay used as the raw material of the high-grade glazed ceramic tile, which comprises the following steps:
1) respectively testing the primary clay, the secondary clay, the gibbsite, the diluent, the flocculant and water soluble sulfate, and selecting the primary clay, the secondary clay, the gibbsite, the diluent, the flocculant and water which meet the requirements;
2) putting primary clay into a No. 1 pulping pool, sequentially adding water and a diluent in proportion to prepare slurry, conveying the slurry to a No. 1 spiral sand remover to remove coarse quartz sand, then conveying to a No. 1 sand scraper to remove fine quartz sand, then conveying to a No. 1 vibrating screen to remove barks, grass roots, micas or other impurities, then conveying to a No. 1 inclined pool to settle for 0.5-60 hours, pumping the slurry on the upper layer of the inclined pool to a No. 1 middle pool, adding a flocculating agent while stirring by using a No. 1 stirring machine to fully flocculate the slurry, and conveying the flocculated slurry to a No. 1 finished pool to obtain pure primary clay slurry;
3) putting secondary clay into a No. 2 slurry pool, sequentially adding water and a diluent according to a proportion to form slurry, conveying the slurry to a No. 2 spiral sand removing machine to remove coarse quartz sand, conveying to a No. 2 sand scraping machine to remove fine quartz sand, conveying to a No. 2 vibrating screen to remove bark, grass roots, mica or other impurities, conveying to a No. 2 inclined pool to settle for 0.5-36 hours, pumping the slurry on the upper layer of the inclined pool to a No. 2 middle pool, adding a flocculating agent while stirring by using a No. 2 stirring machine to fully flocculate the slurry, and conveying the flocculated slurry to a No. 2 finished product pool to obtain pure secondary clay slurry;
4) putting gibbsite into a No. 3 pulp chest, adding water and a diluent in sequence according to a proportion to form slurry, conveying the slurry to a No. 3 spiral sand remover to remove coarse quartz sand, then conveying to a No. 3 sand scraper to remove fine quartz sand, then conveying to a No. 3 vibrating screen to remove bark, grass roots, mica or other impurities, then conveying to a No. 3 inclined chest to settle for 0.5-36 hours, pumping the slurry on the upper layer of the inclined chest into a No. 3 middle chest, adding a flocculating agent while stirring by using a No. 3 stirring machine to fully flocculate the slurry, and conveying the flocculated slurry to a No. 3 finished product chest to obtain pure gibbsite slurry;
5) and conveying the pure primary clay slurry, the pure secondary clay slurry and the pure gibbsite slurry to a No. 4 finished product pool, uniformly mixing by using a No. 4 stirrer, conveying to a filter press by using a plunger pump to remove part of water, and forming a ball clay product with the water content of 18-36%.
Preferably, in step 1), the soluble sulfate content of the primary clay is selected to be less than 1200ppm, the soluble sulfate content of the secondary clay is selected to be less than 1200ppm, the soluble sulfate content of the gibbsite is selected to be less than 1200ppm, the soluble sulfate content of the diluent is selected to be less than 1000ppm, the soluble sulfate content of the flocculant is selected to be less than 1000ppm, and the soluble sulfate content of the water is selected to be less than 100 ppm.
Preferably, in step 2), the primary clay is converted into a slurry with a dry content of 12-66%; in the step 3), the secondary clay is converted into slurry with the dry material percentage content of 10-58%; in step 4), gibbsite is converted into slurry with the dry material percentage of 10-58%.
The ball clay of the high-grade glazed ceramic tile raw material comprises primary clay, secondary clay, gibbsite, a diluent, a flocculating agent and water, wherein the soluble sulfate of the ball clay is tested by adopting a method specified by GB/T8158.5 before production, the soluble sulfate content of the selected raw material is strictly controlled, the soluble sulfate content of the primary clay and the secondary clay is lower than 1200ppm, the soluble sulfate content of the diluent and the flocculating agent is lower than 1000ppm, the soluble sulfate of the water is lower than 100ppm, and the soluble sulfate content of the gibbsite is lower than 1200 ppm.
The ceramic glaze slip mainly comprises large-particle hard materials such as feldspar, quartz, fusion cakes, fusing agents, fluxing agents and the like and ball clay which is usually not more than 10 percent, and has good suspension property for ensuring that the glaze slip is not layered in a long time. Hard materials such as feldspar, quartz, frit, etc. are large in size and easily precipitate and delaminate in the glaze slip, which requires small-sized ball clay particles to provide sufficient suspensibility.
Glazing of glazes must be carried out on ceramic bodies with a certain moisture retention so that a suitable slip can penetrate into the body to form the intermediate layer. The middle layer can improve the combination between the ceramic glaze layer and the green body, and avoid the defects of cracking, deformation and the like caused by stress generated by different shrinkage rates and expansion coefficients of the ceramic glaze layer and the green body. The intermediate layer can also absorb part of gas generated during firing of the blank body, thereby greatly reducing pinhole and bubble defects of the glaze layer. Hard materials such as feldspar, quartz, frit, etc. have large particles and poor moisture retention, which requires small particle ball clay to provide proper moisture retention for the glaze slip.
The invention adopts primary clay, secondary clay and gibbsite as main raw materials, and makes up for deficiencies by reasonable collocation, so that the produced ball clay has excellent suspension property, proper moisture retention, good plasticity and higher dry breaking strength.
The primary clay, the secondary clay and the gibbsite are natural minerals, the fluctuation of each component of the raw materials is large, wherein the soluble sulfate can reach more than 7000ppm, and some glazed ceramic tiles adopt bleached primary clay as the raw material, and in order to improve the whiteness, a large amount of sulfuric acid and sodium hydrosulfite are added in the production process to bleach the primary clay to reduce the Fe of the primary clay2O3The raw clay produced by the bleaching contains soluble sulfate which can reach 2000-10000 ppm. If the ball clay with high soluble sulfate is used in the production process of the glazed ceramic tile, a large number of pores are generated on the surface of the ball clay during firing, and the pollution prevention capability of the glazed ceramic tile is greatly influenced.
The invention strictly controls the content of soluble sulfate of the raw materials through detection, selects the raw materials with lower soluble sulfate to put into production, and controls the concentration of the slurry during production, so that part of the soluble sulfate is discharged along with the water removed during filter pressing. By the measures, the soluble sulfate of the ball clay product is greatly reduced, good raw materials are provided for producing high-grade glazed ceramic tiles, and the quality of the high-grade glazed ceramic tiles is well guaranteed.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: by adopting the formula and the production method, the soluble sulfate of the produced ball clay can be well controlled to be 30-200ppm, the produced ball clay has good suspension property, good moisture retention property and good color development after burning, the defect of multiple pores on the surface of a product and poor antifouling effect caused by overhigh sulfate of the raw material in the past is completely overcome, and a good quality improvement platform is provided for producing high-grade glazed ceramic tile products in the ceramic manufacturing industry.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The ball clay used as the raw material of the high-grade glazed ceramic tile comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
wherein the soluble sulfate content of each component is as follows: 300ppm primary clay, 500ppm secondary clay, 360ppm gibbsite, 200ppm sodium carbonate, 500ppm nitric acid and 50ppm water.
The production method of the ball clay used as the raw material of the high-grade glazed ceramic tile comprises the following steps:
1) respectively testing the primary clay, the secondary clay, the gibbsite, the diluent, the flocculant and the soluble sulfate of water, and selecting the primary clay, the secondary clay, the gibbsite, the diluent, the flocculant and the water which meet the requirements;
2) putting the primary clay into a No. 1 pulping pool, sequentially adding water and a diluent according to a proportion, pulping into a pulp with the dry material percentage content of 50%, conveying the pulp to a No. 1 spiral sand remover to remove coarse quartz sand, then conveying to a No. 1 sand scraper to remove fine quartz sand, then conveying to a No. 1 vibrating screen to remove barks, grass roots, micas or other impurities, then conveying to a No. 1 inclined pool to settle for 10 hours, pumping the upper-layer pulp of the inclined pool into a No. 1 middle pool, adding a flocculating agent while stirring by using a No. 1 stirring machine to fully flocculate the pulp, and conveying the flocculated pulp to a No. 1 finished product pool to obtain pure primary clay pulp;
3) putting secondary clay into a No. 2 slurry pool, sequentially adding water and a diluent according to a proportion, converting the secondary clay into slurry with the dry material percentage content of 48%, conveying the slurry to a No. 2 spiral sand removing machine to remove coarse quartz sand, conveying the slurry to a No. 2 sand scraping machine to remove fine quartz sand, conveying the slurry to a No. 2 vibrating screen to remove barks, grass roots, mica or other impurities, conveying the slurry to a No. 2 inclined pool to settle for 2 hours, pumping the slurry on the upper layer of the inclined pool to a No. 2 middle pool, adding a flocculating agent while stirring by a No. 2 stirring machine to fully flocculate the slurry, and conveying the flocculated slurry to a No. 2 finished product pool to obtain pure secondary clay slurry;
4) putting gibbsite into a No. 3 pulp chest, sequentially adding water and a diluent according to a proportion, converting the gibbsite into slurry with the dry material percentage content of 45%, conveying the slurry to a No. 3 spiral sand remover to remove coarse quartz sand, conveying the slurry to a No. 3 sand scraper to remove fine quartz sand, conveying the slurry to a No. 3 vibrating screen to remove barks, grass roots, micas or other impurities, conveying the slurry to a No. 3 inclined pool to settle for 3 hours, pumping the slurry on the upper layer of the inclined pool to a No. 3 middle pool, adding a flocculating agent while stirring by a No. 3 stirring machine to fully flocculate the slurry, and conveying the flocculated slurry to a No. 3 finished product pool to obtain pure gibbsite slurry;
5) and conveying the pure primary clay slurry, the secondary clay slurry and the pure gibbsite slurry to a No. 4 finished product pool, uniformly mixing by using a No. 4 stirrer, conveying to a filter press by using a plunger pump to remove part of water, and forming a ball clay product with the water content of 28.5%.
Example 2
The ball clay used as the raw material of the high-grade glazed ceramic tile comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
wherein the soluble sulfate content of each component is as follows: 800ppm primary clay, 300ppm secondary clay, 230ppm gibbsite, 700ppm water glass, 900ppm polyaluminium chloride and 20ppm water.
The production method of the ball clay used as the raw material of the high-grade glazed ceramic tile comprises the following steps:
1) respectively testing the primary clay, the secondary clay, the gibbsite, the diluent, the flocculant and the soluble sulfate of water, and selecting the primary clay, the secondary clay, the gibbsite, the diluent, the flocculant and the water which meet the requirements;
2) putting primary clay into a No. 1 slurry pool, sequentially adding water and a diluent according to a proportion, converting the primary clay into slurry with the dry material percentage content of 45%, conveying the slurry to a No. 1 spiral sand removing machine to remove coarse quartz sand, then conveying to a No. 1 sand scraping machine to remove fine quartz sand, then conveying to a No. 1 vibrating screen to remove barks, grass roots, micas or other impurities, then conveying to a No. 1 inclined pool to settle for 20 hours, pumping the slurry on the upper layer of the inclined pool into a No. 1 middle pool, adding a flocculating agent while stirring by using a No. 1 stirring machine to fully flocculate the slurry, and conveying the flocculated slurry to a No. 1 finished product pool to obtain pure primary clay slurry;
3) putting secondary clay into a No. 2 slurry pool, sequentially adding water and a diluent according to a proportion, converting the secondary clay into slurry with the dry material percentage content of 42%, conveying the slurry to a No. 2 spiral sand removing machine to remove coarse quartz sand, conveying the slurry to a No. 2 sand scraping machine to remove fine quartz sand, conveying the slurry to a No. 2 vibrating screen to remove barks, grass roots, mica or other impurities, conveying the slurry to a No. 2 inclined pool to settle for 15 hours, pumping the slurry on the upper layer of the inclined pool to a No. 2 middle pool, adding a flocculating agent while stirring by a No. 2 stirring machine to fully flocculate the slurry, and conveying the flocculated slurry to a No. 2 finished product pool to obtain pure secondary clay slurry;
4) putting gibbsite into a No. 3 pulp chest, sequentially adding water and a diluent according to a proportion, converting the gibbsite into 40 percent dry pulp, conveying the pulp to a No. 3 spiral sand remover to remove coarse quartz sand, conveying to a No. 3 sand scraper to remove fine quartz sand, conveying to a No. 3 vibrating screen to remove barks, grass roots, micas or other impurities, conveying to a No. 3 inclined pool to settle for 15 hours, pumping the upper pulp of the inclined pool into a No. 3 middle pool, adding a flocculating agent while stirring by a No. 3 stirring machine to fully flocculate the pulp, and conveying the flocculated pulp to a No. 3 finished product pool to obtain pure gibbsite pulp;
5) and conveying the pure primary clay slurry, the secondary clay slurry and the pure gibbsite slurry to a No. 4 finished product pool, uniformly mixing by using a No. 4 stirrer, conveying to a filter press by using a plunger pump to remove part of water, and forming a ball clay product with the water content of 25.7%.
Example 3
The ball clay used as the raw material of the high-grade glazed ceramic tile comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
wherein the soluble sulfate content of each component is as follows: 300ppm of primary clay, 200ppm of secondary clay, 800ppm of gibbsite, 400ppm of sodium humate, 500ppm of magnesium chloride and 30ppm of water.
The production method of the ball clay used as the raw material of the high-grade glazed ceramic tile comprises the following steps:
1) respectively testing the primary clay, the secondary clay, the gibbsite, the diluent, the flocculant and the soluble sulfate of water, and selecting the primary clay, the secondary clay, the gibbsite, the diluent, the flocculant and the water which meet the requirements;
2) putting primary clay into a No. 1 pulping pool, sequentially adding water and a diluent according to a proportion, pulping into slurry with the dry material percentage content of 20%, conveying the slurry to a No. 1 spiral sand remover to remove coarse quartz sand, then conveying to a No. 1 sand scraper to remove fine quartz sand, then conveying to a No. 1 vibrating screen to remove barks, grass roots, micas or other impurities, then conveying to a No. 1 inclined pool to settle for 35 hours, pumping the slurry on the upper layer of the inclined pool into a No. 1 middle pool, adding a flocculating agent while stirring by using a No. 1 stirring machine to fully flocculate the slurry, and conveying the flocculated slurry to a No. 1 finished product pool to obtain pure primary clay slurry;
3) putting secondary clay into a No. 2 slurry pool, sequentially adding water and a diluent according to a proportion, converting the secondary clay into slurry with the dry material percentage content of 25%, conveying the slurry to a No. 2 spiral sand removing machine to remove coarse quartz sand, conveying the slurry to a No. 2 sand scraping machine to remove fine quartz sand, conveying the slurry to a No. 2 vibrating screen to remove barks, grass roots, mica or other impurities, conveying the slurry to a No. 2 inclined pool to settle for 25 hours, pumping the slurry on the upper layer of the inclined pool to a No. 2 middle pool, adding a flocculating agent while stirring by a No. 2 stirring machine to fully flocculate the slurry, and conveying the flocculated slurry to a No. 2 finished product pool to obtain pure secondary clay slurry;
4) putting gibbsite into a No. 3 pulp chest, sequentially adding water and a diluent according to a proportion, converting the gibbsite into pulp with the dry material percentage content of 30%, conveying the pulp to a No. 3 spiral sand remover to remove coarse quartz sand, conveying the pulp to a No. 3 sand scraper to remove fine quartz sand, conveying the pulp to a No. 3 vibrating screen to remove barks, grass roots, mica or other impurities, conveying the pulp to a No. 3 inclined chest to settle for 22 hours, pumping the upper-layer pulp of the inclined chest into a No. 3 middle chest, adding a flocculating agent while stirring by a No. 3 stirring machine to fully flocculate the pulp, and conveying the flocculated pulp to a No. 3 finished product chest to obtain pure gibbsite pulp;
5) and conveying the pure primary clay slurry, the secondary clay slurry and the pure gibbsite slurry to a No. 4 finished product pool, uniformly mixing by using a No. 4 stirrer, conveying to a filter press by using a plunger pump to remove part of water, and forming a ball clay product with the water content of 33.5%.
Example 4
The ball clay used as the raw material of the high-grade glazed ceramic tile comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
wherein the soluble sulfate content of each component is as follows: 800ppm primary clay, 600ppm secondary clay, 500ppm gibbsite, 600ppm sodium carbonate, 500ppm polyaluminum chloride, 80ppm water.
The production method of the ball clay used as the raw material of the high-grade glazed ceramic tile comprises the following steps:
1) respectively testing the primary clay, the secondary clay, the gibbsite, the diluent, the flocculant and the soluble sulfate of water, and selecting the primary clay, the secondary clay, the gibbsite, the diluent, the flocculant and the water which meet the requirements;
2) putting primary clay into a No. 1 pulping pool, sequentially adding water and a diluent according to a proportion, pulping into slurry with the dry material percentage content of 30%, conveying the slurry to a No. 1 spiral sand remover to remove coarse quartz sand, then conveying to a No. 1 sand scraper to remove fine quartz sand, then conveying to a No. 1 vibrating screen to remove barks, grass roots, micas or other impurities, then conveying to a No. 1 inclined pool to settle for 1 hour, pumping the slurry on the upper layer of the inclined pool into a No. 1 middle pool, adding a flocculating agent while stirring by using a No. 1 stirring machine to fully flocculate the slurry, and conveying the flocculated slurry to a No. 1 finished product pool to obtain pure primary clay slurry;
3) putting secondary clay into a No. 2 slurry pool, sequentially adding water and a diluent according to a proportion, converting the secondary clay into slurry with the dry material percentage content of 35%, conveying the slurry to a No. 2 spiral sand removing machine to remove coarse quartz sand, conveying the slurry to a No. 2 sand scraping machine to remove fine quartz sand, conveying the slurry to a No. 2 vibrating screen to remove barks, grass roots, mica or other impurities, conveying the slurry to a No. 2 inclined pool to settle for 1 hour, pumping the slurry on the upper layer of the inclined pool to a No. 2 middle pool, adding a flocculating agent while stirring by a No. 2 stirring machine to fully flocculate the slurry, and conveying the flocculated slurry to a No. 2 finished product pool to obtain pure secondary clay slurry;
4) putting gibbsite into a No. 3 pulp chest, sequentially adding water and a diluent according to a proportion, converting the gibbsite into pulp with the dry material percentage content of 38%, conveying the pulp to a No. 3 spiral sand remover to remove coarse quartz sand, conveying the pulp to a No. 3 sand scraper to remove fine quartz sand, conveying the pulp to a No. 3 vibrating screen to remove barks, grass roots, mica or other impurities, conveying the pulp to a No. 3 inclined chest to settle for 3 hours, pumping the upper-layer pulp of the inclined chest into a No. 3 middle chest, adding a flocculating agent while stirring by a No. 3 stirring machine to fully flocculate the pulp, and conveying the flocculated pulp to a No. 3 finished product chest to obtain pure gibbsite pulp;
5) and conveying the pure primary clay slurry, the secondary clay slurry and the pure gibbsite slurry to a No. 4 finished product pool, uniformly mixing by using a No. 4 stirrer, conveying to a filter press by using a plunger pump to remove part of water, and forming a ball clay product with the water content of 26.5%.
The ball clays produced in examples 1-4 were examined and the results are shown in table 1 below.
Table 1 results of performance test of ball clays produced in examples 1 to 4
From the above, the ball clay produced by the invention as the raw material of the high-grade glazed ceramic tile can meet various requirements of indexes, and has excellent performance.

Claims (4)

1. The ball clay used as the raw material of the high-grade glazed ceramic tile is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight:
the soluble sulfate content of the ball clay used as the raw material of the high-grade glazed ceramic tile is 30-200 ppm;
the soluble sulphate content of the primary clay is less than 1200 ppm;
the soluble sulfate content of the secondary clay is less than 1200 ppm;
the soluble sulfate content of gibbsite is less than 1200 ppm;
the soluble sulphate content of the diluent is less than 1000 ppm;
the flocculant has a soluble sulphate content of less than 1000 ppm;
the soluble sulphate content of the water is less than 100 ppm;
the production method of the ball clay used as the raw material of the high-grade glazed ceramic tile comprises the following steps:
1) respectively testing the primary clay, the secondary clay, the gibbsite, the diluent, the flocculant and water soluble sulfate, and selecting the primary clay, the secondary clay, the gibbsite, the diluent, the flocculant and water which meet the requirements;
2) putting primary clay into a No. 1 pulping pool, sequentially adding water and a diluent in proportion to prepare slurry, conveying the slurry to a No. 1 spiral sand remover to remove coarse quartz sand, then conveying to a No. 1 sand scraper to remove fine quartz sand, then conveying to a No. 1 vibrating screen to remove barks, grass roots, micas or other impurities, then conveying to a No. 1 inclined pool to settle for 0.5-60 hours, pumping the slurry on the upper layer of the inclined pool to a No. 1 middle pool, adding a flocculating agent while stirring by using a No. 1 stirring machine to fully flocculate the slurry, and conveying the flocculated slurry to a No. 1 finished pool to obtain pure primary clay slurry;
3) putting secondary clay into a No. 2 slurry pool, sequentially adding water and a diluent according to a proportion to form slurry, conveying the slurry to a No. 2 spiral sand removing machine to remove coarse quartz sand, conveying to a No. 2 sand scraping machine to remove fine quartz sand, conveying to a No. 2 vibrating screen to remove bark, grass roots, mica or other impurities, conveying to a No. 2 inclined pool to settle for 0.5-36 hours, pumping the slurry on the upper layer of the inclined pool to a No. 2 middle pool, adding a flocculating agent while stirring by using a No. 2 stirring machine to fully flocculate the slurry, and conveying the flocculated slurry to a No. 2 finished product pool to obtain pure secondary clay slurry;
4) putting gibbsite into a No. 3 pulp chest, adding water and a diluent in sequence according to a proportion to form slurry, conveying the slurry to a No. 3 spiral sand remover to remove coarse quartz sand, then conveying to a No. 3 sand scraper to remove fine quartz sand, then conveying to a No. 3 vibrating screen to remove bark, grass roots, mica or other impurities, then conveying to a No. 3 inclined chest to settle for 0.5-36 hours, pumping the slurry on the upper layer of the inclined chest into a No. 3 middle chest, adding a flocculating agent while stirring by using a No. 3 stirring machine to fully flocculate the slurry, and conveying the flocculated slurry to a No. 3 finished product chest to obtain pure gibbsite slurry;
5) and conveying the pure primary clay slurry, the pure secondary clay slurry and the pure gibbsite slurry to a No. 4 finished product pool, uniformly mixing by using a No. 4 stirrer, and conveying to a filter press by using a plunger pump to remove part of water to obtain a ball clay product.
2. Ball clay as a raw material of high-grade glazed ceramic tiles according to claim 1, wherein the diluent is water glass, sodium carbonate or sodium humate.
3. The ball clay as a raw material of high-grade glazed ceramic tiles as claimed in claim 1, wherein the flocculating agent is polyaluminium chloride, nitric acid or magnesium chloride.
4. Ball clay as a raw material of high-grade glazed ceramic tiles according to claim 1, characterized in that in step 2) primary clay is converted into slurry with 12-66% of dry material percentage, and in step 3) secondary clay is converted into slurry with 10-58% of dry material percentage; in step 4), gibbsite is converted into slurry with the dry material percentage of 10-58%.
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Citations (1)

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JP2006290695A (en) * 2005-04-13 2006-10-26 Saburi Toryo Kk Method for manufacturing ceramic raw material

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CN1238299C (en) * 2004-04-28 2006-01-25 新会嘉窑陶瓷原料有限公司 Ball clay as raw materials of superwhite polished tile and method for making same
CN103041867B (en) * 2011-10-12 2015-04-15 刘一序 Catalyst carrier, and preparation method and application thereof

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