CN107285731B - Ball clay as high-grade sanitary ceramic raw material and production method thereof - Google Patents
Ball clay as high-grade sanitary ceramic raw material and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
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- C04B2235/3427—Silicates other than clay, e.g. water glass
- C04B2235/3463—Alumino-silicates other than clay, e.g. mullite
- C04B2235/3481—Alkaline earth metal alumino-silicates other than clay, e.g. cordierite, beryl, micas such as margarite, plagioclase feldspars such as anorthite, zeolites such as chabazite
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Abstract
The invention provides ball clay used as a high-grade sanitary ceramic raw material, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 3-18% of primary clay, 41-66% of secondary clay, 5-26% of pyrophyllite, 0.01-2.8% of diluent, 0.01-2.1% of flocculant and 18-35% of water. The ball clay used as the raw material of the high-grade sanitary ceramic is prepared by the formula and the production method, the viscosity of the ball clay obtained by production can be well controlled to be 32-59s, the dry breaking strength is 4.5-7MPa, and the total linear shrinkage rate is 5-9.5%, the viscosity and the total linear shrinkage rate of the ball clay can be effectively reduced, the ball clay is ensured to have better dry breaking strength and plasticity, the defects caused by high viscosity and large total linear shrinkage rate of the raw material in the past are completely overcome, and the quality guarantee is provided for producing high-grade sanitary ceramic products in the sanitary ceramic manufacturing industry.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sanitary ceramics, relates to ball clay, and particularly relates to ball clay serving as a high-grade sanitary ceramic raw material and a production method thereof.
Background
Along with the improvement of living standard of people, the quality requirements of people on various sanitary ceramics are higher and higher. The quality of sanitary ceramics is also closely related to the quality of the ball clay used in the production process. In the current market, the main raw material of ball clay for producing sanitary ceramic products is kaolinite, the kaolinite has high viscosity and large total linear shrinkage rate, when the ball clay is used for producing high-grade sanitary ceramic products, the ball clay is difficult to be slurried due to high viscosity during slip casting, a mold is not full of slurry, a demoulded blank is soft, and the problems of deformation, cracking and the like can occur due to large total linear shrinkage rate in the drying and firing processes, so that the produced sanitary ceramic cannot meet the requirements of the market on the high-grade sanitary ceramic.
Therefore, the viscosity, the dry breaking strength and the total linear shrinkage of the raw materials of the ball clay need to be controlled in a proper range, so that the parameters of the viscosity, the dry breaking strength and the total linear shrinkage of the produced ball clay can meet various indexes, and a good raw material basis is provided for producing high-grade sanitary ceramics.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides ball clay used as a high-grade sanitary ceramic raw material, which has the viscosity of 32-59s, the dry breaking strength of 4.5-7MPa and the total linear shrinkage rate of 5-9.5 percent and has good dry breaking strength and plasticity.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing ball clay as a raw material of high-grade sanitary ceramics.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the ball clay used as a high-grade sanitary ceramic raw material comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
preferably, the ball clay used as the raw material of the high-grade sanitary ceramic has the viscosity of 32-59s, the dry breaking strength of 4.5-7MPa and the total linear shrinkage of 5-9.5%.
Preferably, the viscosity of the primary clay is 16-89s, the dry breaking strength is 1-5MPa, and the total linear shrinkage is 3.6-13.8%.
The primary clay refers to the clay formed by the weathered aluminosilicate rock which is generated into kaolinite, other hydrous silicate minerals, quartz and the like, and the incompletely weathered particles are left in situ, and the generated soluble salts are dissolved and taken away by rainwater. Generally, the material is pure, the contents of iron oxide, titanium oxide, manganese oxide and the like are low, the alumina is high, the refractoriness is high, but the material often contains mother rock impurities and has coarse particles. Compared with secondary clay, the primary clay has poor suspension property, poor moisture retention property, low plasticity, high viscosity, low dry breaking strength and high total linear shrinkage. For example, potassium feldspar weathering reactions are as follows:
4K[AlSi3O8]+6H2O→Al4[Si4O10](OH)8+8SiO2+4KOH or
4K[AlSi3O8]+4H2O→Al4[Si4O10](OH)8+8SiO2+2K2CO3
Preferably, the viscosity of the secondary clay is 12-68s, the dry breaking strength is 3-9MPa, and the total linear shrinkage is 3.9-15.9%.
The secondary clay is formed by primary clay which is removed from the primary rock and deposited again in a low-lying place under the action of drift or wind force of a rainwater river. In the drifting migration process, the clay is thinned by collision and friction and simultaneously carries some organic substances and other impurities, so that the secondary clay has the characteristics of fine particles, better suspension property, better moisture retention, higher plasticity, low viscosity, higher drying flexural strength and the like, but the contents of iron oxide, titanium oxide, manganese oxide and the like in the secondary clay are higher, and the total linear shrinkage rate is large.
Preferably, the pyrophyllite has a viscosity of 9-53s, a dry flexural strength of 1.0-4.6MPa, and a total linear shrinkage of 1-8.7%.
Pyrophyllite is produced by hydrothermal alteration of acidic volcanic tuff, and also in some aluminum-rich metamorphic rocks. Pyrophyllite has the chemical formula of Al2[Si4O10](OH)2In which Al is2O328.3% of SiO266.7% of H2O accounts for 5.0%. The main mineral component of the primary clay and the secondary clay is kaolinite, and the structural water accounts for 14.0 percent. And the pyrophyllite structure water is only 5.0 percent, so the shrinkage rate caused by dehydration in the heating process is small, the burning is reduced, the dehydration process is slow, the process is long, and the thermal expansion coefficient is small. The pyrophyllite layers are combined by Van der Waals force, ions between the layers are not easy to be replaced, and the pyrophyllite layers are not easy to absorb moisture and other ions, and have the characteristics of small ion exchange property, no moisture absorption and expansion, poor plasticity, low dry breaking strength, low viscosity and small dry shrinkage.
Preferably, the diluent is water glass, sodium carbonate or sodium humate. The primary clay, the secondary clay and the pyrophyllite can be fully dispersed in the water medium by adding the diluent, so that a good slurry system is formed, the slurry has good conveying performance, and meanwhile, impurities are easy to remove.
Preferably, the flocculant is polyaluminium chloride, nitric acid or magnesium chloride. The flocculant is added to enable primary clay, secondary clay and pyrophyllite to be condensed to form good stable and non-laminated slurry, and the filter pressing efficiency of subsequent slurry is improved.
The invention also provides a production method of the ball clay used as the raw material of the high-grade sanitary ceramic, which comprises the following steps:
1) respectively testing the viscosity, the dry breaking strength and the total linear shrinkage rate of the primary clay, the secondary clay and the pyrophyllite, and selecting the primary clay, the secondary clay and the pyrophyllite which meet the requirements;
2) putting primary clay into a No. 1 pulping pool, sequentially adding water and a diluent according to a proportion to prepare slurry, conveying the slurry to a No. 1 spiral sand remover to remove coarse quartz sand, conveying to a No. 1 sand scraper to remove fine quartz sand, conveying to a No. 1 vibrating screen to remove barks, grass roots, micas or other impurities, conveying to a No. 1 inclined pool to settle for 0.5-60 hours, pumping the slurry on the upper layer of the inclined pool to a No. 1 middle pool, adding a flocculating agent while stirring by a No. 1 stirring machine to fully flocculate the slurry, and conveying the flocculated slurry to a No. 1 finished pool to obtain pure primary clay slurry;
3) putting secondary clay into a No. 2 slurry pool, sequentially adding water and a diluent according to a proportion to form slurry, conveying the slurry to a No. 2 spiral sand removing machine to remove coarse quartz sand, conveying to a No. 2 sand scraping machine to remove fine quartz sand, conveying to a No. 2 vibrating screen to remove bark, grass roots, mica or other impurities, conveying to a No. 2 inclined pool to settle for 0.5-60 hours, pumping the slurry on the upper layer of the inclined pool to a No. 2 middle pool, adding a flocculating agent while stirring by using a No. 2 stirring machine to fully flocculate the slurry, and conveying the flocculated slurry to a No. 2 finished product pool to obtain pure secondary clay slurry;
4) putting pyrophyllite into a No. 1 ball mill, sequentially adding water and a diluent according to a proportion, opening the ball mill for grinding for 6-20 hours, conveying the ground slurry to a No. 3 vibrating screen to remove coarse impurities, conveying the slurry to a No. 1 hydrocyclone for sorting, conveying the fine slurry to a No. 3 middle pool, adding a flocculating agent while stirring by a No. 3 stirrer to fully flocculate the slurry, and conveying the flocculated slurry to a No. 3 finished product pool to obtain pure pyrophyllite slurry;
5) and conveying the pure primary clay slurry, the pure secondary clay slurry and the pure pyrophyllite slurry to a No. 4 finished product pool, uniformly stirring and mixing by using a No. 4 stirrer, conveying to a filter press by using a plunger pump to remove part of water, and obtaining a ball clay product with the water content of 18-5%.
Preferably, in the step 1), the required viscosity of the primary clay is 16-89s, the dry breaking strength is 1-5MPa, and the total linear shrinkage rate is 3.6-13.8%; the viscosity of the secondary clay meeting the requirements is 12-68s, the dry breaking strength is 3-9MPa, and the total linear shrinkage rate is 3.9-15.9%; the pyrophyllite meeting the requirements has the viscosity of 9-53s, the dry breaking strength of 1-4.6MPa and the total linear shrinkage of 1-8.7%. Before producing ball clay as high-grade sanitary ceramic, testing the viscosity, dry breaking strength and total linear shrinkage of each raw material component by adopting a method specified in GB/T26742, and selecting primary clay, secondary clay and pyrophyllite which meet the requirements.
Preferably, in step 2), primary claying is carried out to form a slurry with a dry percentage of 23-62%, and in step 3), secondary claying is carried out to form a slurry with a dry percentage of 12-66%.
Preferably, in step 4), pyrophyllite is put into a # 1 ball mill, diluent and water are added, and the ball mill is opened to grind for 6-20 hours, so that the 325 mesh screen residue rate of the slurry is less than 5%.
The primary clay has high Al content2O3Lower content of Fe2O3And TiO2But has higher viscosity, larger total linear shrinkage, poorer plasticity and lower dry breaking strength. The secondary clay has high dry breaking strength and plasticity, low viscosity, larger total linear shrinkage, and high Al content2O3Low content of Fe2O3And TiO2The content of (A) is higher. Pyrophyllite has low viscosity, low overall linear shrinkage, Fe2O3And TiO2Low content of (B), low dry breaking strength, poor plasticity, Al2O3The content of (A) is low. The invention integrates the advantages of the three raw materials and makes up the disadvantages, and the ball clay for high-grade sanitary ceramics produced by the invention has higher dry strength and plasticity, smaller total shrinkage, lower viscosity and higher Al content2O3Lower content of Fe2O3And TiO2The defects that the production of high-grade sanitary ceramic products is difficult to realize slurry preparation, a mold is not filled during slurry injection, a blank body is soft after demolding, and the high-grade sanitary ceramic products are easy to deform and crack during drying and sintering due to high viscosity of raw materials and large overall linear shrinkage are completely overcome, and good quality guarantee is provided for the production of the high-grade sanitary ceramic products in the sanitary ceramic manufacturing industry.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: by adopting the formula and the production method, the viscosity of the produced ball clay can be well controlled to be 32-59s, the dry breaking strength is 4.5-7MPa, and the total linear shrinkage rate is 5-9.5%, so that the viscosity and the total linear shrinkage rate of the ball clay can be effectively reduced, the ball clay is ensured to have better dry breaking strength and plasticity, the defects caused by high viscosity and large total linear shrinkage rate of raw materials in the past are completely overcome, and the quality guarantee is provided for producing high-grade sanitary ceramic products in the sanitary ceramic manufacturing industry.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The ball clay used as a high-grade sanitary ceramic raw material comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
wherein the viscosity, the dry breaking strength and the total linear shrinkage of each component are as follows: the viscosity of the primary clay is 20s, the dry breaking strength is 1.0MPa, and the total linear shrinkage rate is 3.6%; the viscosity of the secondary clay is 29s, the dry breaking strength is 5.0MPa, and the total linear shrinkage rate is 5.9%; the pyrophyllite has a viscosity of 12s, a dry breaking strength of 1.0MPa and a total linear shrinkage of 1.0%.
The production method of ball clay used as the raw material of high-grade sanitary ceramics comprises the following steps:
1) respectively testing the viscosity, the dry breaking strength and the total linear shrinkage rate of the primary clay, the secondary clay and the pyrophyllite, and selecting the primary clay, the secondary clay and the pyrophyllite which meet the requirements;
2) putting the primary clay into a No. 1 pulping pool, sequentially adding water and a diluent according to a proportion, pulping into slurry with the dry material percentage content of 58%, conveying the slurry to a No. 1 spiral sand remover to remove coarse quartz sand, conveying to a No. 1 sand scraper to remove fine quartz sand, conveying to a No. 1 vibrating screen to remove barks, grass roots, micas or other impurities, conveying to a No. 1 inclined pool to settle for 15 hours, pumping the slurry on the upper layer of the inclined pool into a No. 1 middle pool, adding a flocculating agent while stirring by using a No. 1 stirring machine to fully flocculate the slurry, and conveying the flocculated slurry to a No. 1 finished product pool to obtain pure primary clay slurry;
3) putting secondary clay into a No. 2 slurry pool, sequentially adding water and a diluent according to a proportion, converting the secondary clay into slurry with the dry material percentage content of 55%, conveying the slurry to a No. 2 spiral sand removing machine to remove coarse quartz sand, conveying the slurry to a No. 2 sand scraping machine to remove fine quartz sand, conveying the slurry to a No. 2 vibrating screen to remove barks, grass roots, mica or other impurities, conveying the slurry to a No. 2 inclined pool to settle for 30 hours, pumping the slurry on the upper layer of the inclined pool to a No. 2 middle pool, adding a flocculating agent while stirring by a No. 2 stirring machine to fully flocculate the slurry, and conveying the flocculated slurry to a No. 2 finished product pool to obtain pure secondary clay slurry;
4) putting pyrophyllite into a No. 1 ball mill, sequentially adding water and a diluent in proportion, opening the ball mill for grinding for 15 hours, conveying the ground slurry to a No. 3 vibrating screen to remove coarse impurities, conveying the slurry to a No. 1 hydrocyclone for sorting, conveying the fine slurry to a No. 3 middle pool, adding a flocculating agent while stirring by a No. 3 stirrer to fully flocculate the slurry, and conveying the flocculated slurry to a No. 3 finished product pool to obtain pure pyrophyllite slurry;
5) and conveying the pure primary clay slurry, the pure secondary clay slurry and the pure pyrophyllite slurry to a No. 4 finished product pool, uniformly stirring and mixing by using a No. 4 stirrer, conveying to a filter press by using a plunger pump to remove part of water, and obtaining a ball clay product with the water content of 24.2%.
Example 2
The ball clay used as a high-grade sanitary ceramic raw material comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
wherein the viscosity, the dry breaking strength and the total linear shrinkage of each component are as follows: the viscosity of the primary clay is 35s, the dry breaking strength is 2MPa, and the total linear shrinkage rate is 6%; the viscosity of the secondary clay is 38s, the dry breaking strength is 6MPa, and the total linear shrinkage rate is 8%; the pyrophyllite has a viscosity of 18s, a dry breaking strength of 1.5MPa and a total linear shrinkage of 2.5%.
The production method of ball clay used as the raw material of high-grade sanitary ceramics comprises the following steps:
1) respectively testing the viscosity, the dry breaking strength and the total linear shrinkage rate of the primary clay, the secondary clay and the pyrophyllite, and selecting the primary clay, the secondary clay and the pyrophyllite which meet the requirements;
2) putting the primary clay into a No. 1 pulping pool, sequentially adding water and a diluent according to a proportion, pulping into slurry with the dry material percentage content of 30%, conveying the slurry to a No. 1 spiral sand remover to remove coarse quartz sand, conveying to a No. 1 sand scraper to remove fine quartz sand, conveying to a No. 1 vibrating screen to remove barks, grass roots, micas or other impurities, conveying to a No. 1 inclined pool to settle for 10 hours, pumping the slurry on the upper layer of the inclined pool into a No. 1 middle pool, adding a flocculating agent while stirring by using a No. 1 stirring machine to fully flocculate the slurry, and conveying the flocculated slurry to a No. 1 finished product pool to obtain pure primary clay slurry;
3) putting secondary clay into a No. 2 slurry pool, sequentially adding water and a diluent according to a proportion, converting the secondary clay into slurry with the dry material percentage content of 35%, conveying the slurry to a No. 2 spiral sand removing machine to remove coarse quartz sand, conveying the slurry to a No. 2 sand scraping machine to remove fine quartz sand, conveying the slurry to a No. 2 vibrating screen to remove barks, grass roots, mica or other impurities, conveying the slurry to a No. 2 inclined pool to settle for 20 hours, pumping the slurry on the upper layer of the inclined pool to a No. 2 middle pool, adding a flocculating agent while stirring by a No. 2 stirring machine to fully flocculate the slurry, and conveying the flocculated slurry to a No. 2 finished product pool to obtain pure secondary clay slurry;
4) putting pyrophyllite into a No. 1 ball mill, sequentially adding water and a diluent according to a proportion, opening the ball mill for grinding for 12 hours, conveying the ground slurry to a No. 3 vibrating screen to remove coarse impurities, then conveying the slurry to a No. 1 hydrocyclone for sorting, conveying the fine slurry to a No. 3 middle pool, adding a flocculating agent while stirring by a No. 3 stirrer to fully flocculate the slurry, and conveying the flocculated slurry to a No. 3 finished product pool to obtain pure pyrophyllite slurry;
5) and conveying the pure primary clay slurry, the pure secondary clay slurry and the pure pyrophyllite slurry to a No. 4 finished product pool, uniformly stirring and mixing by using a No. 4 stirrer, conveying to a filter press by using a plunger pump to remove part of water, and obtaining a ball clay product with the water content of 28.5%.
Example 3
The ball clay used as a high-grade sanitary ceramic raw material comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
wherein the viscosity, the dry breaking strength and the total linear shrinkage of each component are as follows: the viscosity of the primary clay is 50s, the dry breaking strength is 4MPa, and the total linear shrinkage rate is 8%; the viscosity of the secondary clay is 60s, the dry breaking strength is 7MPa, and the total linear shrinkage rate is 12%; the pyrophyllite has viscosity of 26s, dry breaking strength of 3.5MPa and total linear shrinkage of 6%.
The production method of ball clay used as the raw material of high-grade sanitary ceramics comprises the following steps:
1) respectively testing the viscosity, the dry breaking strength and the total linear shrinkage rate of the primary clay, the secondary clay and the pyrophyllite, and selecting the primary clay, the secondary clay and the pyrophyllite which meet the requirements;
2) putting primary clay into a No. 1 pulping pool, sequentially adding water and a diluent according to a proportion, pulping into slurry with the dry material percentage content of 23%, conveying the slurry to a No. 1 spiral sand remover to remove coarse quartz sand, conveying to a No. 1 sand scraper to remove fine quartz sand, conveying to a No. 1 vibrating screen to remove barks, grass roots, micas or other impurities, conveying to a No. 1 inclined pool to settle for 2 hours, pumping the slurry on the upper layer of the inclined pool into a No. 1 middle pool, adding a flocculating agent while stirring by using a No. 1 stirring machine to fully flocculate the slurry, and conveying the flocculated slurry to a No. 1 finished product pool to obtain pure primary clay slurry;
3) putting secondary clay into a No. 2 slurry pool, sequentially adding water and a diluent according to a proportion, converting the secondary clay into slurry with the dry material percentage content of 25%, conveying the slurry to a No. 2 spiral sand removing machine to remove coarse quartz sand, conveying the slurry to a No. 2 sand scraping machine to remove fine quartz sand, conveying the slurry to a No. 2 vibrating screen to remove barks, grass roots, mica or other impurities, conveying the slurry to a No. 2 inclined pool to settle for 3 hours, pumping the slurry on the upper layer of the inclined pool to a No. 2 middle pool, adding a flocculating agent while stirring by a No. 2 stirring machine to fully flocculate the slurry, and conveying the flocculated slurry to a No. 2 finished product pool to obtain pure secondary clay slurry;
4) putting pyrophyllite into a No. 1 ball mill, sequentially adding water and a diluent according to a proportion, opening the ball mill for grinding for 8 hours, conveying the ground slurry to a No. 3 vibrating screen to remove coarse impurities, then conveying the slurry to a No. 1 hydrocyclone for sorting, conveying the fine slurry to a No. 3 middle pool, adding a flocculating agent while stirring by a No. 3 stirrer to fully flocculate the slurry, and conveying the flocculated slurry to a No. 3 finished product pool to obtain pure pyrophyllite slurry;
5) and conveying the pure primary clay slurry, the pure secondary clay slurry and the pure pyrophyllite slurry to a No. 4 finished product pool, uniformly stirring and mixing by using a No. 4 stirrer, conveying to a filter press by using a plunger pump to remove part of water, and obtaining a ball clay product with the water content of 21.3%.
Example 4
The ball clay used as a high-grade sanitary ceramic raw material comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
wherein the viscosity, the dry breaking strength and the total linear shrinkage of each component are as follows: the viscosity of the primary clay is 78s, the dry breaking strength is 4.5MPa, and the total linear shrinkage rate is 13%; the viscosity of the secondary clay is 65s, the dry breaking strength is 9MPa, and the total linear shrinkage rate is 15%; the viscosity of pyrophyllite is 32s, the dry breaking strength is 3.5MPa, and the total linear shrinkage rate is 8%.
The production method of ball clay used as the raw material of high-grade sanitary ceramics comprises the following steps:
1) respectively testing the viscosity, the dry breaking strength and the total linear shrinkage rate of the primary clay, the secondary clay and the pyrophyllite, and selecting the primary clay, the secondary clay and the pyrophyllite which meet the requirements;
2) putting primary clay into a No. 1 slurry pool, sequentially adding water and a diluent according to a proportion, converting the primary clay into slurry with the dry material percentage content of 55%, conveying the slurry to a No. 1 spiral sand removing machine to remove coarse quartz sand, conveying the slurry to a No. 1 sand scraping machine to remove fine quartz sand, conveying the slurry to a No. 1 vibrating screen to remove barks, grass roots, mica or other impurities, conveying the slurry to a No. 1 inclined pool to settle for 3 hours, pumping the slurry on the upper layer of the inclined pool into a No. 1 middle pool, adding a flocculating agent while stirring by a No. 1 stirring machine to fully flocculate the slurry, and conveying the flocculated slurry to a No. 1 finished product pool to obtain pure primary clay slurry;
3) putting secondary clay into a No. 2 slurry pool, sequentially adding water and a diluent according to a proportion, converting the secondary clay into slurry with the dry material percentage content of 48%, conveying the slurry to a No. 2 spiral sand removing machine to remove coarse quartz sand, conveying the slurry to a No. 2 sand scraping machine to remove fine quartz sand, conveying the slurry to a No. 2 vibrating screen to remove barks, grass roots, mica or other impurities, conveying the slurry to a No. 2 inclined pool to settle for 20 hours, pumping the slurry on the upper layer of the inclined pool to a No. 2 middle pool, adding a flocculating agent while stirring by a No. 2 stirring machine to fully flocculate the slurry, and conveying the flocculated slurry to a No. 2 finished product pool to obtain pure secondary clay slurry;
4) putting pyrophyllite into a No. 1 ball mill, sequentially adding water and a diluent according to a proportion, opening the ball mill for grinding for 10 hours, conveying the ground slurry to a No. 3 vibrating screen to remove coarse impurities, then conveying the slurry to a No. 1 hydrocyclone for sorting, conveying the fine slurry to a No. 3 middle pool, adding a flocculating agent while stirring by a No. 3 stirrer to fully flocculate the slurry, and conveying the flocculated slurry to a No. 3 finished product pool to obtain pure pyrophyllite slurry;
5) and conveying the pure primary clay slurry, the pure secondary clay slurry and the pure pyrophyllite slurry to a No. 4 finished product pool, uniformly stirring and mixing by using a No. 4 stirrer, conveying to a filter press by using a plunger pump to remove part of water, and obtaining a ball clay product with the water content of 19.8%.
The ball clays produced in examples 1-4 were examined and the results are shown in table 1 below.
Table 1 results of performance test of ball clays produced in examples 1 to 4
From the above, the ball clay produced by the invention as the high-grade sanitary ceramic raw material can meet various requirements of indexes in various properties and has excellent properties.
Claims (5)
1. The ball clay used as a high-grade sanitary ceramic raw material is characterized by consisting of the following components in percentage by weight:
the viscosity of the primary clay is 16-89s, the dry breaking strength is 1-5MPa, and the total linear shrinkage rate is 3.6-13.8%;
the viscosity of the secondary clay is 12-68s, the dry breaking strength is 3-9MPa, and the total linear shrinkage rate is 3.9-15.9%;
the viscosity of the pyrophyllite is 9-53s, the dry breaking strength is 1-4.6MPa, and the total linear shrinkage rate is 1-8.7%;
the viscosity of the ball clay used as the raw material of the high-grade sanitary ceramic is 32-59s, the dry breaking strength is 4.5-7MPa, and the total linear shrinkage rate is 5-9.5%;
the production method of ball clay used as the raw material of high-grade sanitary ceramics comprises the following steps:
1) respectively testing the viscosity, the dry breaking strength and the total linear shrinkage rate of the primary clay, the secondary clay and the pyrophyllite, and selecting the primary clay, the secondary clay and the pyrophyllite which meet the requirements;
2) putting primary clay into a No. 1 pulping pool, sequentially adding water and a diluent according to a proportion to prepare slurry, conveying the slurry to a No. 1 spiral sand remover to remove coarse quartz sand, conveying to a No. 1 sand scraper to remove fine quartz sand, conveying to a No. 1 vibrating screen to remove barks, grass roots, micas or other impurities, conveying to a No. 1 inclined pool to settle for 0.5-60 hours, pumping the slurry on the upper layer of the inclined pool to a No. 1 middle pool, adding a flocculating agent while stirring by a No. 1 stirring machine to fully flocculate the slurry, and conveying the flocculated slurry to a No. 1 finished pool to obtain pure primary clay slurry;
3) putting secondary clay into a No. 2 slurry pool, sequentially adding water and a diluent according to a proportion to form slurry, conveying the slurry to a No. 2 spiral sand removing machine to remove coarse quartz sand, conveying to a No. 2 sand scraping machine to remove fine quartz sand, conveying to a No. 2 vibrating screen to remove bark, grass roots, mica or other impurities, conveying to a No. 2 inclined pool to settle for 0.5-60 hours, pumping the slurry on the upper layer of the inclined pool to a No. 2 middle pool, adding a flocculating agent while stirring by using a No. 2 stirring machine to fully flocculate the slurry, and conveying the flocculated slurry to a No. 2 finished product pool to obtain pure secondary clay slurry;
4) putting pyrophyllite into a No. 1 ball mill, sequentially adding water and a diluent in proportion, opening the ball mill for grinding, conveying the ground slurry to a No. 3 vibrating screen to remove coarse impurities, conveying the ground slurry to a No. 1 hydrocyclone for sorting, conveying the fine slurry to a No. 3 middle pool, adding a flocculating agent while stirring by a No. 3 stirrer to fully flocculate the slurry, and conveying the flocculated slurry to a No. 3 finished product pool to obtain pure pyrophyllite slurry;
5) and conveying the pure primary clay slurry, the pure secondary clay slurry and the pure pyrophyllite slurry to a No. 4 finished product pool, uniformly stirring and mixing by using a No. 4 stirrer, conveying to a filter press by using a plunger pump, and removing part of water to obtain a ball clay product.
2. The ball clay as a high-grade sanitary ceramic raw material according to claim 1, wherein the diluent is water glass, sodium carbonate or sodium humate.
3. The ball clay as a high-grade sanitary ceramic raw material according to claim 1, wherein the flocculant is polyaluminium chloride, nitric acid or magnesium chloride.
4. The ball clay as the high-grade sanitary ceramic raw material according to claim 1, wherein primary clay is converted into slurry with a dry content of 23-62% in step 2), and secondary clay is converted into slurry with a dry content of 12-66% in step 3).
5. The ball clay as a high-grade sanitary ceramic raw material according to claim 1, wherein the ball mill grinding time in step 4) is 6 to 20 hours, so that the 325 mesh screen residue rate of the slurry is less than 5%.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1569729A (en) * | 2004-04-28 | 2005-01-26 | 新会嘉窑陶瓷原料有限公司 | Ball clay as raw materials of superwhite polished tile and method for making same |
| CN101844913A (en) * | 2009-03-25 | 2010-09-29 | 广州市花都区梯面金鹏高岭土原料厂 | Preparation method of ball clay for high-grade sanitary appliance |
| CN102603268A (en) * | 2012-01-12 | 2012-07-25 | 辉煌水暖集团有限公司 | Mud for sanitary ceramics and mud preparation process |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1569729A (en) * | 2004-04-28 | 2005-01-26 | 新会嘉窑陶瓷原料有限公司 | Ball clay as raw materials of superwhite polished tile and method for making same |
| CN101844913A (en) * | 2009-03-25 | 2010-09-29 | 广州市花都区梯面金鹏高岭土原料厂 | Preparation method of ball clay for high-grade sanitary appliance |
| CN102603268A (en) * | 2012-01-12 | 2012-07-25 | 辉煌水暖集团有限公司 | Mud for sanitary ceramics and mud preparation process |
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