CN107491849B - Gas power plant gas storage capacity calculation method considering constraint of electricity-gas coupling system - Google Patents
Gas power plant gas storage capacity calculation method considering constraint of electricity-gas coupling system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a gas power plant gas storage capacity calculation method considering the constraint of an electricity-gas coupling system, and belongs to the technical field of planning and optimization of a multi-energy flow coupling system. The method adopts an optimization method, and provides an optimal scheme for configuring the capacity of the gas storage equipment for the gas power plant. On one hand, the operation constraints of the power system and the natural gas network are considered at the same time, and the potential safety hazard brought to the power system by the gas storage scheme with the too small capacity is avoided; on the other hand, the cost problem of the gas storage equipment is considered, and economic waste caused by a gas storage scheme with overlarge capacity is avoided. The method can be applied to planning of gas storage facilities of the gas power plant, provides configuration basis of the capacity of the gas storage equipment for management and design personnel, and is beneficial to improving the safety and the economy of power supply of the gas power plant.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a gas power plant gas storage capacity calculation method considering the constraint of an electricity-gas coupling system, and belongs to the technical field of planning and optimization of a multi-energy flow coupling system.
Background
The gas generator has the great advantages of low cost, small damage to the environment, high response speed, short construction period of a gas station and the like, and is an important component of power supply energy worldwide. Along with the rapid increase of the proportion of the gas power plant in the energy supply of the power system, the coupling degree of the power system and the natural gas system is gradually deepened, and the dependence of the safety and the stability of the power system on the gas supply safety of the natural gas system is deepened.
On the other hand, the natural gas load fluctuates very sharply in the year, month and day, and in many national regulations, the priority of other commercial and civil natural gas loads is higher than that of the gas load of the gas power plant. When other natural gas loads are in a peak, due to safety constraints of a natural gas system, the gas load of a gas power plant may be insufficient, so that configuring a natural gas storage facility with a certain capacity in the gas power plant is a common and effective method for improving the operation safety of a power system. However, the cost of the gas storage facility is often positively correlated with the capacity of the gas storage facility, and therefore how to reasonably configure the capacity of the gas storage facility becomes an urgent problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a gas power plant gas storage capacity calculation method considering the constraint of an electricity-gas coupling system, so as to avoid insufficient energy supply of a power system caused by over-small gas storage capacity configuration or economic waste caused by over-large gas storage capacity configuration.
The invention provides a method for calculating the gas storage capacity of a gas power plant in consideration of the constraint of an electric-gas coupling system, which comprises the following steps of:
(1) an optimization objective function for the power generation cost of a gas power plant in an electric-gas coupling system is established as follows:
Ccoal(Gcoal)＝Pcoal×Gcoal
Cgas(Lgas)＝Pgas×Lgas
where C is the total cost of operation of the power system, Ccoal(Gcoal) For cost of coal, GcoalFor coal consumption, PcoalIs the price of coal, Cgas(Lgas) For gas cost, LgasFor gas consumption, PgasFor purchase price of natural gas, Cstorage(V) gas storage cost, V volume of gas storage facility, TlifeThe service life of the gas storage equipment;
(2) establishing an equality constraint equation for steady-state safe operation of the electric-gas coupling system, comprising the following steps:
(2-1) a power flow equation of an electric power system in an electric-gas coupled system is as follows:
wherein, PiInjecting active power, Q, for the ith node in an electric power systemiIs the first in the power systemReactive power injected at i nodes, GijFor the conductances corresponding to the ith row and jth column in the node admittance matrix Y of the power system, BijAcquiring susceptances corresponding to ith row and jth column in a node admittance matrix Y of the power system from a power system dispatching center;
(2-2) the hydraulic equation of the pipeline in the natural gas network in an electric-gas coupling system is as follows:
wherein f iskmIs the natural gas volume flow p in the pipeline between the kth node and the mth node in the natural gas networkk，pmPressure at the kth node and the mth node, respectively, DkmAnd LkmRespectively the diameter and length of the pipeline km between the kth node and the mth node, F is the friction coefficient of the inner wall of the pipeline, and F is represented by the formula
Is calculated to obtainfAs the coefficient of efficiency of the pipe, EfThe value is 0.92, Re is Reynolds number, and the formula
Calculated, rho is the natural gas density, mumIs the kinetic viscosity coefficient of natural gas (related to natural gas density, obtained by table lookup), gammaGIs natural gas specific gravity, 0 < gammaG＜1，TaIs the average temperature of natural gas, TnAnd pnRespectively temperature and pressure of natural gas in the normal state, ZgIs the average compressibility coefficient of natural gas, Z is more than 0.9g< 1.5, in the above equation for the hydraulic power of the pipes in the natural gas network, when
Sgn in the above formulap(pk,pm) When 1 is equal to
Then, sgnp(pk,pm)＝-1；
(2-3) energy consumption equation of compressor in natural gas network of one electric-gas coupled system is as follows:
wherein p isk，pmThe pressure at the kth node and the mth node in the natural gas network, BHPkmFor the energy consumption of the compressor between the kth node and the mth node,
is the inlet volume flow of the compressor, etacFor the overall efficiency of the compressor, ckIs the coefficient of variation, η, of the compressorcAnd ckObtaining the instruction from the factory of the compressor;
(2-4) the coupling equation between the power system coupled through the gas turbine and the natural gas grid in an electric-gas coupled system is as follows:
μPTur＝Hgas×[fTur+(Vt-1-Vt)]，
wherein f isTurVolume flow, P, of the gas supplied by the pipeline to the gas turbineTurIs the active power output, V, of the gas turbinetFor natural gas reserves, H, of gas storage facilities at time tgasThe combustion heat value of natural gas is 37.59MJ/m3, mu is the efficiency coefficient of the gas turbine and is obtained by the factory specifications of the gas turbine;
(2-5) the nodal flow balance equation of the natural gas network in an electro-pneumatic coupled system is as follows:
AGf＝L，
wherein A isGThe method comprises the following steps that (1) a node-branch matrix of a natural gas network is formed, f is the volume flow of a branch of the natural gas network, L is the gas load of a node of the natural gas network, and L is obtained according to historical operation data of the natural gas network;
(3) the method for setting the inequality constraint conditions of the steady-state safe operation of the electric-gas coupling system comprises the following steps:
(3-1) output power P of generator set in power systemi genGreater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to the maximum power given by the factory nameplate of the generator set
Namely:
(3-2) Voltage amplitude U of ith node of electric Power SystemiAt the upper limit value of the set safe operation voltage of the power system
And a lower limit value UiRun in between, UiIs 0.95 times the rated voltage of the ith node,
1.05 times of rated voltage of the ith node, namely:
(3-3) Transmission Capacity S of the l-th line in Power SystemlLess than or equal to the maximum value of the set safe operation transmission capacity of the power system
Namely:
(3-4) pressure p of kth node in Natural gas networkkThe upper limit value and the lower limit value of the set safe operation air pressure of the pipelinep k、
And the inner part is as follows:
(3-5) flow f of the b-th pipeline in the Natural gas networkbThe upper limit value and the lower limit value of the set safe operation flow of the pipelinef b、
And the inner part is as follows:
(3-6) gas supply amount f of gas source in natural gas networksLess than or equal to the maximum value f of the natural gas flow provided by the gas sources,maxNamely:
fs≤fs,max；
(3-7) constraints on safe operation of compressors in natural gas networks:
wherein: s is the boost ratio of the compressor, SmaxIs the maximum step-up ratio, S, of the compressormaxIs obtained by a factory nameplate of the compressor,
is the volumetric flow rate at the inlet of the compressor,
at the maximum allowable volumetric flow rate at the inlet of the compressor,
obtained from the compressor's delivery nameplate, poutIs the outlet pressure of the compressor, pc,maxIs the maximum allowable outlet pressure, p, of the compressorc,maxBy factory name of compressorAcquiring cards;
(3-8) the storage capacity of the gas storage equipment in the gas power plant at the time t is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to the maximum volume of the gas storage equipment:
0≤Vt≤Vmax；
(4) solving an optimization model with the step (1) as an objective function and the steps (2) and (3) as constraint conditions by using an optimization algorithm to obtain a monthly optimal gas storage capacity curve of the gas storage equipment under the predicted annual load, wherein the abscissa in the optimal gas storage capacity curve is 12 months, and the ordinate in the optimal gas storage capacity curve is monthly gas storage capacity;
(5) and (4) according to the optimal gas storage capacity curve in the step (4), obtaining a desired value of the capacity, and taking the capacity closest to the desired value as the optimal capacity of the gas storage equipment in the gas power plant.
The method for calculating the gas storage capacity of the gas power plant considering the constraint of the electricity-gas coupling system has the characteristics and effects that: the invention adopts an optimization method, and provides an optimal scheme for configuring the capacity of the gas storage equipment for the gas power plant. On one hand, the operation constraints of the power system and the natural gas network are considered at the same time, and the potential safety hazard brought to the power system by the gas storage scheme with the too small capacity is avoided; on the other hand, the cost problem of the gas storage equipment is considered, and economic waste caused by a gas storage scheme with overlarge capacity is avoided. The method can be applied to planning of gas storage facilities of the gas power plant, provides configuration basis of the capacity of the gas storage equipment for management and design personnel, and is beneficial to improving the safety and the economy of power supply of the gas power plant.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a simplified schematic diagram of the structure of an electro-pneumatic coupling system involved in the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a method for calculating the gas storage capacity of a gas power plant in consideration of the constraint of an electric-gas coupling system, wherein the structural schematic diagram of the electric-gas coupling system is shown in figure 1, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) an optimization objective function for the power generation cost of a gas power plant in an electric-gas coupling system is established as follows:
Ccoal(Gcoal)＝Pcoal×Gcoal
Cgas(Lgas)＝Pgas×Lgas
where C is the total cost of operation of the power system, Ccoal(Gcoal) For cost of coal, GcoalFor coal consumption (in tons), PcoalThe price of coal (unit is Yuan/ton, determined by the local coal sale price in the current year), Cgas(Lgas) For gas cost, LgasIs the gas consumption (in standard cubic meters), PgasThe purchase price of natural gas (unit is Yuan/standard cubic meter, determined by the local gas sale price in the current year), Cstorage(V) is the gas storage cost (given by the manufacturer of the production and installation), V is the volume of the gas storage device, and can be obtained from the factory specifications of the gas storage device, TlifeThe service life of the gas storage equipment can be obtained by a product nameplate of the gas storage equipment;
(2) establishing an equality constraint equation for steady-state safe operation of the electric-gas coupling system, comprising the following steps:
(2-1) a power flow equation of an electric power system in an electric-gas coupled system is as follows:
wherein, PiInjecting active power, Q, for the ith node in an electric power systemiInjecting reactive power, G, for the ith node in an electric power systemijFor the conductances corresponding to the ith row and jth column in the node admittance matrix Y of the power system, BijAcquiring susceptances corresponding to ith row and jth column in a node admittance matrix Y of the power system from a power system dispatching center;
(2-2) the hydraulic equation of the pipeline in the natural gas network in an electric-gas coupling system is as follows:
wherein f iskmIs the natural gas volume flow p in the pipeline between the kth node and the mth node in the natural gas networkk，pmPressure at the kth node and the mth node, respectively, DkmAnd LkmRespectively the diameter and length of the pipeline km between the kth node and the mth node, F is the friction coefficient of the inner wall of the pipeline, and F is represented by the formula
Is calculated to obtainfAs the coefficient of efficiency of the pipe, EfThe value is 0.92, Re is Reynolds number, and the formula
Calculated, rho is the natural gas density, mumIs the kinetic viscosity coefficient of natural gas (related to natural gas density, obtained by table lookup), gammaGIs natural gas specific gravity, 0 < gammaG＜1，TaIs the average temperature of natural gas, TnAnd pnRespectively, the temperature and pressure of the natural gas at standard conditions, in one embodiment of the invention, TnAnd pnAre 288K and 0.1Mpa, Z respectivelygIs the average compressibility coefficient of natural gas, Z is more than 0.9g< 1.5, in the above equation for the hydraulic power of the pipes in the natural gas network, when
Sgn in the above formulap(pk,pm) When 1 is equal to
Then, sgnp(pk,pm)＝-1；
(2-3) energy consumption equation of compressor in natural gas network of one electric-gas coupled system is as follows:
wherein p isk，pmThe pressure at the kth node and the mth node in the natural gas network, BHPkmFor the energy consumption of the compressor between the kth node and the mth node,
is the inlet volume flow of the compressor, etacFor the overall efficiency of the compressor, ckIs the coefficient of variation, η, of the compressorcAnd ckObtaining the instruction from the factory of the compressor;
(2-4) the coupling equation between the power system coupled through the gas turbine and the natural gas grid in an electric-gas coupled system is as follows:
μPTur＝Hgas×[fTur+(Vt-1-Vt)]，
wherein f isTurVolume flow, P, of the gas supplied by the pipeline to the gas turbineTurIs the active power output, V, of the gas turbinetFor natural gas reserves, H, of gas storage facilities at time tgasThe combustion heat value of natural gas is 37.59MJ/m3, mu is the efficiency coefficient of the gas turbine and is obtained by the factory specifications of the gas turbine;
(2-5) the nodal flow balance equation of the natural gas network in an electro-pneumatic coupled system is as follows:
AGf＝L，
wherein A isGThe method comprises the following steps that (1) a node-branch matrix of a natural gas network is formed, f is the volume flow of a branch of the natural gas network, L is the gas load of a node of the natural gas network, and L is obtained according to historical operation data of the natural gas network;
(3) the method for setting the inequality constraint conditions of the steady-state safe operation of the electric-gas coupling system comprises the following steps:
(3-1) output power P of generator set in power systemi genGreater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to the maximum power given by the factory nameplate of the generator set
Namely:
(3-2) Voltage amplitude U of ith node of electric Power SystemiAt the upper limit value of the set safe operation voltage of the power system
And lower limit valueU iIn the middle of the operation, the operation is carried out,U iis 0.95 times the rated voltage of the ith node,
1.05 times of rated voltage of the ith node, namely:
(3-3) Transmission Capacity S of the l-th line in Power SystemlLess than or equal to the maximum value of the set safe operation transmission capacity of the power system
Namely:
(3-4) pressure p of kth node in Natural gas networkkThe upper limit value and the lower limit value of the set safe operation air pressure of the pipelinep k、
And the inner part is as follows:
(3-5) flow f of the b-th pipeline in the Natural gas networkbThe upper limit value and the lower limit value of the set safe operation flow of the pipelinef b、
And the inner part is as follows:
(3-6) gas supply amount f of gas source in natural gas networksLess than or equal to the maximum value f of the natural gas flow provided by the gas sources,maxNamely:
fs≤fs,max；
(3-7) constraints on safe operation of compressors in natural gas networks:
wherein: s is the boost ratio of the compressor, SmaxIs the maximum step-up ratio, S, of the compressormaxIs obtained by a factory nameplate of the compressor,
is the volumetric flow rate at the inlet of the compressor,
at the maximum allowable volumetric flow rate at the inlet of the compressor,
obtained from the compressor's delivery nameplate, poutIs the outlet pressure of the compressor, pc,maxIs the maximum allowable outlet pressure, p, of the compressorc,maxObtaining the data by a factory nameplate of the compressor;
(3-8) the storage capacity of the gas storage equipment in the gas power plant at the time t is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to the maximum volume of the gas storage equipment:
0≤Vt≤Vmax；
(4) by using an optimization algorithm, an interior point method is adopted in one embodiment of the invention, an optimization model with the step (1) as an objective function and the steps (2) and (3) as constraint conditions is solved, a monthly optimal gas storage capacity curve of the gas storage device under the predicted annual load is obtained, the abscissa in the optimal gas storage capacity curve is 12 months, and the ordinate in the optimal gas storage capacity curve is monthly gas storage capacity;
(5) obtaining the expected value of the capacity according to the optimal gas storage capacity curve of the step (4), considering that the gas storage device generally has certain design specifications (such as 1000 m)3,2000m3,5000m3Etc.), the capacity closest to the desired value is taken as the optimum capacity of the gas storage device in the gas power plant.
Claims (1)
1. A gas power plant gas storage capacity calculation method considering electric-gas coupling system constraint is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) an optimization objective function for the power generation cost of a gas power plant in an electric-gas coupling system is established as follows:
Ccoal(Gcoal)＝Pcoal×Gcoal
Cgas(Lgas)＝Pgas×Lgas
where C is the total cost of operation of the power system, Ccoal(Gcoal) For cost of coal, GcoalFor coal consumption, PcoalIs the price of coal, Cgas(Lgas) For gas cost, LgasFor gas consumption, PgasFor purchase price of natural gas, Cstorage(V) gas storage cost, V volume of gas storage facility, TlifeThe service life of the gas storage equipment;
(2) establishing an equality constraint equation for steady-state safe operation of the electric-gas coupling system, comprising the following steps:
(2-1) a power flow equation of an electric power system in an electric-gas coupled system is as follows:
wherein, PiInjecting active power, Q, for the ith node in an electric power systemiInjecting reactive power, G, for the ith node in an electric power systemijFor the conductances corresponding to the ith row and jth column in the node admittance matrix Y of the power system, BijAcquiring susceptances corresponding to ith row and jth column in a node admittance matrix Y of the power system from a power system dispatching center;
(2-2) the hydraulic equation of the pipeline in the natural gas network in an electric-gas coupling system is as follows:
wherein f iskmIs the natural gas volume flow p in the pipeline between the kth node and the mth node in the natural gas networkk，pmPressure at the kth node and the mth node, respectively, DkmAnd LkmRespectively the diameter and length of the pipeline km between the kth node and the mth node, F is the friction coefficient of the inner wall of the pipeline, and F is represented by the formula
Is calculated to obtainfAs the coefficient of efficiency of the pipe, EfThe value is 0.92, Re is Reynolds number, and the formula
Calculated, rho is the natural gas density, mumIs the dynamic viscosity coefficient of natural gas, related to the density of the natural gas, obtained by looking up a table, gammaGIs natural gas specific gravity, 0 < gammaG＜1，TaIs the average temperature of natural gas, TnAnd pnRespectively temperature and pressure of natural gas in the normal state, ZgIs the average compressibility coefficient of natural gas, Z is more than 0.9g< 1.5, in the above equation for the hydraulic power of the pipes in the natural gas network, when
Sgn in the above formulap(pk,pm) When 1 is equal to
Then, sgnp(pk,pm)＝-1；
(2-3) energy consumption equation of compressor in natural gas network of one electric-gas coupled system is as follows:
wherein p isk，pmThe pressure at the kth node and the mth node in the natural gas network, BHPkmFor the energy consumption of the compressor between the kth node and the mth node,
is the inlet volume flow of the compressor, etacFor the overall efficiency of the compressor, ckIs the coefficient of variation, η, of the compressorcAnd ckObtaining the instruction from the factory of the compressor;
(2-4) the coupling equation between the power system coupled through the gas turbine and the natural gas grid in an electric-gas coupled system is as follows:
μPTur＝Hgas×[fTur+(Vt-1-Vt)]，
wherein f isTurVolume flow, P, of the gas supplied by the pipeline to the gas turbineTurIs the active power output, V, of the gas turbinetFor natural gas reserves, H, of gas storage facilities at time tgasThe combustion heat value of natural gas is 37.59MJ/m3Mu is the efficiency coefficient of the gas turbine and is obtained by the factory specifications of the gas turbine;
(2-5) the nodal flow balance equation of the natural gas network in an electro-pneumatic coupled system is as follows:
AGf＝L，
wherein A isGThe method comprises the following steps that (1) a node-branch matrix of a natural gas network is formed, f is the volume flow of a branch of the natural gas network, L is the gas load of a node of the natural gas network, and L is obtained according to historical operation data of the natural gas network;
(3) the method for setting the inequality constraint conditions of the steady-state safe operation of the electric-gas coupling system comprises the following steps:
(3-1) output power P of generator set in power systemi genGreater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to the maximum power given by the factory nameplate of the generator set
Namely:
(3-2) Voltage amplitude U of ith node of electric Power SystemiAt the upper limit value of the set safe operation voltage of the power system
And lower limit valueU iIn the middle of the operation, the operation is carried out,U iis 0.95 times the rated voltage of the ith node,
1.05 times of rated voltage of the ith node, namely:
(3-3) Transmission Capacity S of the l-th line in Power SystemlLess than or equal to the maximum value of the set safe operation transmission capacity of the power system
Namely:
(3-4) pressure p of kth node in Natural gas networkkThe upper limit value and the lower limit value of the set safe operation air pressure of the pipelinep k、
And the inner part is as follows:
(3-5) flow f of the b-th pipeline in the Natural gas networkbThe upper limit value and the lower limit value of the set safe operation flow of the pipelinef b、
And the inner part is as follows:
(3-6) gas supply amount f of gas source in natural gas networksLess than or equal to the maximum value f of the natural gas flow provided by the gas sources,maxNamely:
fs≤fs,max；
(3-7) constraints on safe operation of compressors in natural gas networks:
1<S＜Smax，
pout≤pc,max，
wherein: s is the boost ratio of the compressor, SmaxIs the maximum step-up ratio, S, of the compressormaxIs obtained by a factory nameplate of the compressor,
is the volumetric flow rate at the inlet of the compressor,
at the maximum allowable volumetric flow rate at the inlet of the compressor,
obtained from the compressor's delivery nameplate, poutIs the outlet pressure of the compressor, pc,maxIs the maximum allowable outlet pressure, p, of the compressorc,maxObtaining the data by a factory nameplate of the compressor;
(3-8) the storage capacity of the gas storage equipment in the gas power plant at the time t is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to the maximum volume of the gas storage equipment:
0≤Vt≤Vmax；
(4) solving an optimization model with the step (1) as an objective function and the steps (2) and (3) as constraint conditions by using an optimization algorithm to obtain a monthly optimal gas storage capacity curve of the gas storage equipment under the predicted annual load, wherein the abscissa in the optimal gas storage capacity curve is 12 months, and the ordinate in the optimal gas storage capacity curve is monthly gas storage capacity;
(5) and (4) according to the optimal gas storage capacity curve in the step (4), obtaining a desired value of the capacity, and taking the capacity closest to the desired value as the optimal capacity of the gas storage equipment in the gas power plant.
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| CN113570115B (en) * | 2021-07-01 | 2023-04-28 | 东方电气集团东方电机有限公司 | Comprehensive energy system P2G station planning method applicable to bidirectional energy flow |
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| CN105958480A (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2016-09-21 | 清华大学 | Combined static safety analysis method for electrical-gas coupling multiple energy flow system |
| CN106096269A (en) * | 2016-06-12 | 2016-11-09 | 清华大学 | The Interval Power Flow computational methods of natural gas grid in a kind of electrical couplings system |
| CN106096777A (en) * | 2016-06-12 | 2016-11-09 | 清华大学 | A kind of Optimization Scheduling of electrical couplings multipotency streaming system |
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| CN105958480A (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2016-09-21 | 清华大学 | Combined static safety analysis method for electrical-gas coupling multiple energy flow system |
| CN106096269A (en) * | 2016-06-12 | 2016-11-09 | 清华大学 | The Interval Power Flow computational methods of natural gas grid in a kind of electrical couplings system |
| CN106096777A (en) * | 2016-06-12 | 2016-11-09 | 清华大学 | A kind of Optimization Scheduling of electrical couplings multipotency streaming system |
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