CN107484782A - A kind of natural anophelifuge champignon composition and its application and preparation method - Google Patents
A kind of natural anophelifuge champignon composition and its application and preparation method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107484782A CN107484782A CN201710669752.0A CN201710669752A CN107484782A CN 107484782 A CN107484782 A CN 107484782A CN 201710669752 A CN201710669752 A CN 201710669752A CN 107484782 A CN107484782 A CN 107484782A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- fragrant
- parts
- champignon
- powder
- mud
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/40—Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
- A01N65/44—Poaceae or Gramineae [Grass family], e.g. bamboo, lemon grass or citronella grass
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K35/00—Medicinal preparations containing materials or reaction products thereof with undetermined constitution
- A61K35/56—Materials from animals other than mammals
- A61K35/618—Molluscs, e.g. fresh-water molluscs, oysters, clams, squids, octopus, cuttlefish, snails or slugs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/28—Asteraceae or Compositae (Aster or Sunflower family), e.g. chamomile, feverfew, yarrow or echinacea
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/28—Asteraceae or Compositae (Aster or Sunflower family), e.g. chamomile, feverfew, yarrow or echinacea
- A61K36/282—Artemisia, e.g. wormwood or sagebrush
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/53—Lamiaceae or Labiatae (Mint family), e.g. thyme, rosemary or lavender
- A61K36/534—Mentha (mint)
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/54—Lauraceae (Laurel family), e.g. cinnamon or sassafras
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/61—Myrtaceae (Myrtle family), e.g. teatree or eucalyptus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/83—Thymelaeaceae (Mezereum family), e.g. leatherwood or false ohelo
- A61K36/835—Aquilaria
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/88—Liliopsida (monocotyledons)
- A61K36/899—Poaceae or Gramineae (Grass family), e.g. bamboo, corn or sugar cane
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Alternative & Traditional Medicine (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Disinfection, Sterilisation Or Deodorisation Of Air (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of natural anophelifuge champignon composition and preparation method thereof, including following components to match：10~20 parts of agalloch eaglewood, 1~5 part of lemongrass, 3~5 parts of sweet wormwood, 1~3 part of folium eucalypti, 1~3 part of peppermint, 1~8 part of folium artemisiae argyi, 1~5 part of pittosporum tobira, 1~5 part of Zhan's sugar, 1~5 part of first perfume (or spice), 0.5~1 part of Ai Na.The present invention uses a variety of natural plant crude drugs or fragrant material, and formula is reasonable, science, and mosquito-repelling function is notable, has the fragrance of pleasant, and be not likely to produce the resistance to the action of a drug.Compared to general culicifuge, there is safe and nontoxic evil, easy to use, in addition, champignon composition provided by the present invention also has tranquilizing and allaying excitement, alleviates pressure, mosquito and insect expelling, sterilization, the effect for purifying air.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of anthelmintic drug and preparation method thereof, and in particular to a kind of natural anophelifuge is calmed the nerves champignon composition
And its application and preparation method.
Background technology
Summer weather is hot, and various mosquitoes wreak havoc, and often harasses the normal daily life of the people.Removing, which is directly bitten, to bring
Red and swollen itch outside, in the other pathogens such as the female mosquito or dengue fever sucked blood, malaria, yellow fever, filariasis, encephalitis B
Between host.It is estimated that there are about 700,000,000 people every year by the various diseases of carried by mosquitoes, and just there is 1 people to die from by carried by mosquitoes in every 17 people
Disease.
The product of most mosquito repellent types is mosquito-repellent incense, pesticide spray etc. in the market, and most of mosquito repellent products have
It is chrysanthemum ester insecticide to imitate composition, and this insecticides is medium poison or low toxicity material, human's nervous system is had a great influence, for a long time
Contact can cause dizziness, headache, abnormal even neural paralysis etc. the symptom of neural sensation.The mosquito repellent products such as mosquito-repellent incense are hygienic biocides
Agent, belong to the category of big agricultural chemicals.In addition, contain some materials, including fine particle in the smog of conventional mosquito coil burning
(PM2.5), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), carbonyls (formaldehyde and acetaldehyde) and benzene, there is certain threat to human body.The smog of mosquito-repellent incense also may be used
Allergic reaction can be caused, induce the breaking-out of asthma.Novel solid/Electric liquid mosquito-repellent incense drug effect in firm use is good, but 4~5 is small
When after, insecticide volatilization, drug effect is deteriorated, and mosquito-proof effect dies down, and the paper substrate after use still has insecticide remaining, loses and kills mosquito
The effect of worm, cause to waste, also pollute environment.
Not only insecticidal constituent is poisonous to human body for insect aerosol, and the Benzene and Homologues in auxiliary element can damage people
The blood circulation system of body, there is the potential danger for inducing marrow and leukaemia.
Therefore, natural green long-acting mosquito repellent product is developed, it has also become the trend of market comsupton.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is in view of the shortcomings of the prior art, there is provided a kind of efficient, nonhazardous, easy to use, smell is fragrant
Natural champignon composition of virtue and preparation method thereof.
The present invention solves technical problem by following scheme：
It is excellent from crude drug or fragrant material with reference to traditional perfume side according to traditional Chinese medical science theory according to the principle of mosquito repellent
Ten kinds of agalloch eaglewood, lemongrass, sweet wormwood, folium eucalypti, peppermint, folium artemisiae argyi, pittosporum tobira, Zhan's sugar, first perfume, Ai Na components are selected, perfume (or spice) is made by a certain percentage
Smoke composition.Wherein, it is described below the effect of ten kinds of compositions：
Agalloch eaglewood：It is pungent, bitter, temperature；Returns spleen, stomach, kidney, lung channel.Sending down abnormally ascending middle benefit gas, warm kidney receive gas, have and control the circulation of vital energy in the wrong direction and pant, vomiting is oh
Inverse to wait effect, modern study shows that agalloch eaglewood benzene extraction components can be obviously prolonged the sleep of mouse hexenal to mouse stomach
Time.
Lemongrass：It is pungent, temperature；Return lung, stomach two pass through.Its volatile oil has broad-spectrum antiseptic and bactericidal action, and has and directly suppress stream
The effect of Influenza Virus.Lemongrass has citris aromas, can treat rheumatism, antimigraine, anti-infective, improves digestive function, deodorization, drive
Worm.It is aromatotherapy and therapy conventional perfumes, it can also be used to work as aromatic in interior.
Sweet wormwood：Hardship, it is pungent, tremble with fear；Return liver, gallbladder channel, three burnt, kidney channels.Bitter-cold herbs expelling heat, it is pungent it is fragrant dissipate thoroughly, have relieving summer-heat concurrently, cut it is cruel it
Work(.Modern study shows the qinghaosu effect such as have antibacterial, antipyretic, analgesia, hypotensive, regulation immune.
Folium eucalypti：Toil, it is cool.Eucalyptus oil has bactericidal action, is largely used to pharmaceutical products, be also used for cough drop, chewing gum,
In gargle, toothpaste and air sanitizer etc..
Peppermint：It is pungent, it is cool；Enter lung channel, Liver Channel.Peppermint contains a large amount of volatile oil, and principal component is menthol, menthones etc. in oil
For multiple beneficial in the compound of health, wherein the smell of menthol and menthones is unique and has mosquito-repelling function；Peppermint is also
Contain flavones ingredient and several amino acids containing a variety of, be beneficial to health after being taken in volatile oils by human body.Have
Dispelling wind, radiate, ward off the effect of dirty, removing toxic substances etc..
Folium artemisiae argyi：It is bitter, pungent, warm；Returns spleen, liver and kidney channel.Folium artemisiae argyi has the effect of eliminating cold to stop pain, warming channel for arresting bleeding；And folium artemisiae argyi is also
Containing a large amount of volatile oil, it is mainly 1,8- cineoles, Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-cineole etc. in oil, is a kind of traditional mosquito repellent raw material, tool
Other compositions can be played ultimate attainment using repelling effect in having insecticidal and antifungal effect, cooperation of the invention.Containing volatile aromatic oil,
Peculiar fragrance can not only mosquito repellent, also rationale blood, the effect of timid cold-dampness, useful for sleeping.
Pittosporum tobira：It is bitterly, mild-natured, Return liver, the spleen channel；With dispelling wind and eliminating dampness, remove obstruction in channels to relieve pain, the effect of desinsection is antipruritic；Cure mainly
Arthralgia pain due to rheumatism, spasm of limbs, waist knee flaccidity, conjunctivitis, decayed tooth pain, dysentery of suffering from diarrhoea, injury and bone fracture, eczema mange.
Zhan's sugar：Pungent, tepor.Dispelling wind and eliminating dampness, detoxify desinsection.Main geomantic omen, malignant sore, mange.《Tang materia medica》:Zhan's sugar tree is seemingly
Tangerine, branch is decocted as perfume, it is gritty sugared and black, go out on the south wide hand over.
First is fragrant：It is salty for the operculum of Turbinidae animal Turbo cornulus and its nearly edge animal, taste；Mild-natured, channel tropism kidney channel；Cure mainly clearing away damp-heat,
Remove convulsive seizure due to phlegm-fire, solution sore.Main gastral cavity pain and distention of the abdomen, dysentery, gonorrhoea, hypertension, headache, hemorrhoid complicated by anal fistula, head sore, scabies moss.
Ai Na：It is arduous, temperature.Middle benefit gas is invigorated blood circulation, dispelling wind and eliminating dampness, desinsection.Cold-dampness rush down dysentery is controlled, borborygmus of suffering from abdominal pain, swelling, muscles and bones pain
Bitterly, traumatic injury, tinea sore.
A kind of natural anophelifuge champignon composition, include the raw material of following parts by weight：
Described natural anophelifuge champignon composition is applied to prepare tranquilizing and allaying excitement, alleviates pressure, mosquito and insect expelling, sterilization or net
Change the stacte of air.
Further, described natural anophelifuge champignon composition, in addition to the parts by weight of plant adhesive 10~50.
The preparation method of described natural anophelifuge champignon composition, comprises the following steps：
Step 1：Take fragrant lemongrass, sweet wormwood, folium eucalypti, peppermint, folium artemisiae argyi, pittosporum tobira, Zhan's sugar, first, Ai Na and the segment of agalloch eaglewood difference, powder
It is broken, the powder of each component is obtained, is well mixed；
Step 2：Take step 1 gained mixture to add plant adhesive, water and/or medicinal alcohol added after being sufficiently mixed,
Stirring to powder can reconcile into bulk fragrant mud；
Step 3：Step 2 gained fragrant mud is beaten into kneading repeatedly, to fragrant mud it is soft it is flexible after, wrapped up with preservative film, it is ripe
Change 2~4 hours.
Further, the preparation method of described natural anophelifuge champignon composition, can also comprise the following steps：
Step 1：Take lemongrass, sweet wormwood, peppermint, folium artemisiae argyi, the segment of Ai Na difference, crushing；
Step 2：The each component for taking step 1 to obtain distills after being sufficiently mixed with water, collects gained under 30~70 degrees Celsius and evaporates
Point, condensation, low boiling blend of essential oils is obtained, collected residue obtained；
Step 3：Folium eucalypti, Zhan's sugar, the segment of pittosporum tobira difference, crushing are taken, the powder of each component is obtained, is well mixed；
Step 4：Step 3 gained mixture of powders addition step 2 is residue obtained, after being mixed with water, distillation, collection 50~
Gained cut under 90 degrees Celsius, condensation, obtains higher boiling blend of essential oils, collects residue obtained；
Step 5：Take agalloch eaglewood and the fragrant segment respectively of first, crush, add low boiling blend of essential oils, the mixing of higher boiling essential oil
Thing and step 4 are residue obtained, are well mixed, and add water and/or medicinal alcohol, stir to powder and reconcile into bulk fragrant mud, instead
Beat kneading again, to fragrant mud it is soft it is flexible after, wrapped up, cured 2~4 hours with preservative film.
Further, the preparation method of described natural anophelifuge champignon composition, can also comprise the following steps：
Step 1：Lemongrass, sweet wormwood, peppermint, folium artemisiae argyi, Ai Na, folium eucalypti, Zhan's sugar, the segment of pittosporum tobira difference, crushing are taken, obtains each group
The powder divided, it is well mixed；
Step 2：The each component mixture for taking step 1 to obtain mixes with ethanol, methanol or ethyl acetate, refluxing extraction, will
Gained filtrate filtering and collecting filter liquid, concentration, extract mixtures are obtained, collected residue obtained；
Step 3：Take agalloch eaglewood and the fragrant segment respectively of first, crush, add extract mixtures and step 2 is residue obtained, mix
Close uniformly, add water and/or medicinal alcohol, stir to powder and reconcile into bulk fragrant mud, beat kneading repeatedly, have to fragrant mud softness
After elasticity, wrapped up, cured 2~4 hours with preservative film.
Further, the step 3 can also be：Take agalloch eaglewood and the fragrant segment respectively of first, crush, add extract mixing
Thing, plant adhesive and step 2 are residue obtained, are well mixed, and add water and/or medicinal alcohol, stir to powder and reconcile into
Bulk fragrant mud, beats kneading repeatedly, to fragrant mud it is soft it is flexible after, wrapped up, cured 2~4 hours with preservative film.
Line spices, incense coil, tower can be made in the preparation method of above-mentioned natural anophelifuge champignon composition, the fragrant mud after curing
Fragrant, bamboo stick perfume, fragrant string, fragrant board or pomander.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are：
1. being made up of natural plant crude drugs or fragrant material, safe and non-toxic, without obvious taboo disease, old man, child can
Use.
2. raw material sources are green, preparation technology is simple.
3. storage period is grown, product medicinal powder is thin, and raw material is tightly combined, not moisture-sensitive, easily storage.
Easy to use after 4. various fragrant product of different nature are made, fragrance is lasting, mosquito repellent, time length of calming the nerves.
5. this product selects the agalloch eaglewood of tranquilizing and allaying excitement to be equipped with other aromatics Chinese medicines as main ingredient, calm the nerves, help and sleep
Sleep.
6. this product formula is reasonable, in fragrance positive alcohol with receive that scope is wide, making one for news is happy quiet.
Embodiment
For the technical scheme in the present invention is clearly and completely described in conjunction with the embodiments, it is clear that inventor is said
It is bright, but the only part of the embodiment of the present invention described by following examples, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the present invention
In embodiment, the every other implementation that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made
Example, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
The present invention provides a kind of natural anophelifuge and calmed the nerves champignon composition, includes the raw material of following parts by weight：
Embodiment 1：
A kind of natural anophelifuge is calmed the nerves champignon composition, includes the raw material of following parts by weight：20 parts of agalloch eaglewood, 4 parts of lemongrass, sweet wormwood
3 parts, 3 parts of folium eucalypti, 2 parts of peppermint, 8 parts of folium artemisiae argyi, 1 part of pittosporum tobira, Zhan's sugar 5 parts, first perfume 5 parts, 0.5 part of Ai Na.
Preparation method is：
Step 1：Weigh 20 parts of agalloch eaglewood, 4 parts of lemongrass, 3 parts of sweet wormwood, 3 parts of folium eucalypti, 2 parts of peppermint, 8 parts of folium artemisiae argyi, 1 part of pittosporum tobira, Zhan
Sugar 5 parts, first perfume 5 parts, 0.5 part of Ai Na, by the segment of above component, crush that (rotating speed is 1500~3000r/min, grinding time 3
~5min), the powder of each component is obtained, is well mixed.
Step 2：Take step 1 gained mixture to add 20 parts of plant adhesive, be again stirring for, be well mixed.In gained powder
Water is added dropwise in end, bulk fragrant mud is reconciled into powder；Wherein, water can be replaced medicinal alcohol.The plant adhesive can be
Starch, corn flour, tapioca starch or other natural plants adhesives.
Step 3：Step 2 gained fragrant mud is beaten into kneading repeatedly, to fragrant mud it is soft it is flexible after, wrapped up with preservative film, it is ripe
Change 4 hours.
Then pomander with holes is made in fragrant mud, string is fragrant string after drying in the shade and storing sth. in a cellar.
Embodiment 2：
A kind of natural anophelifuge is calmed the nerves champignon composition, includes the raw material of following parts by weight：10 parts of agalloch eaglewood, 5 parts of lemongrass, sweet wormwood
3 parts, 3 parts of folium eucalypti, 1 part of peppermint, 4 parts of folium artemisiae argyi, 5 parts of pittosporum tobira, Zhan's sugar 1 part, first perfume 3 parts, 1 part of Ai Na.
Preparation method is：
Step 1：Weigh 10 parts of agalloch eaglewood, 5 parts of lemongrass, 3 parts of sweet wormwood, 3 parts of folium eucalypti, 1 part of peppermint, 4 parts of folium artemisiae argyi, 5 parts of pittosporum tobira, Zhan
Sugar 1 part, first perfume 3 parts, 1 part of Ai Na, by the segment of above component, crush (rotating speed be 1500~3000r/min, grinding time for 3~
5min), the powder of each component is obtained, is well mixed.
Step 2：Take step 1 gained mixture to add 15 parts of plant adhesive, be again stirring for, be well mixed.In gained powder
Water is added dropwise in end, bulk fragrant mud is reconciled into powder, wherein, water can be replaced medicinal alcohol.
Step 3：Step 2 gained fragrant mud is beaten into kneading repeatedly, to fragrant mud it is soft it is flexible after, wrapped up with preservative film, it is ripe
Change 3 hours.
Then pomander with holes is made in fragrant mud, string is fragrant string after drying in the shade and storing sth. in a cellar.
Embodiment 3：
A kind of natural anophelifuge is calmed the nerves champignon composition, includes the raw material of following parts by weight：18 parts of agalloch eaglewood, 1 part of lemongrass, sweet wormwood
5 parts, 1 part of folium eucalypti, 3 parts of peppermint, 1 part of folium artemisiae argyi, 5 parts of pittosporum tobira, Zhan's sugar 4 parts, first perfume 1 part, 0.5 part of Ai Na.
Preparation method is：
Step 1：Weigh 18 parts of agalloch eaglewood, 1 part of lemongrass, 5 parts of sweet wormwood, 1 part of folium eucalypti, 3 parts of peppermint, 1 part of folium artemisiae argyi, 5 parts of pittosporum tobira, Zhan
Sugar 4 parts, first perfume 1 part, 0.5 part of Ai Na, by the segment of above component, crush that (rotating speed is 1500~3000r/min, grinding time 3
~5min), the powder of each component is obtained, is well mixed.
Step 2：Take step 1 gained mixture to add 20 parts of plant adhesive, be again stirring for, be well mixed.In gained powder
Water is added dropwise in end, bulk fragrant mud is reconciled into powder, wherein, water can be replaced medicinal alcohol.
Step 3：Step 2 gained fragrant mud is beaten into kneading repeatedly, to fragrant mud it is soft it is flexible after, wrapped up with preservative film, it is ripe
Change 3 hours.Then pomander with holes is made in fragrant mud, string is fragrant string after drying in the shade and storing sth. in a cellar.
Embodiment 4：
A kind of natural anophelifuge is calmed the nerves champignon composition, includes the raw material of following parts by weight：3 parts of lemongrass, 3 parts of sweet wormwood, peppermint 3
Part, 5 parts of folium artemisiae argyi, 1 part of Ai Na, 2 parts of folium eucalypti, 4 parts of Zhan's sugar, 5 parts of pittosporum tobira, 20 parts of agalloch eaglewood and first are fragrant 3 parts.
Preparation method is：
Step 1：3 parts of lemongrass, 3 parts of sweet wormwood, 3 parts of peppermint, 5 parts of folium artemisiae argyi, 1 part of Ai Na is taken to clean rear segment, crush, rotating speed is
1500~3000r/min, grinding time are 3~5min；
Step 2：Distilled after each component of acquisition is sufficiently mixed with water, collect gained cut under 30~70 degrees Celsius, it is cold
It is solidifying, low boiling blend of essential oils is obtained, is collected residue obtained；
Step 3：Take 2 parts of folium eucalypti, 4 parts of Zhan's sugar, 5 parts of segments of pittosporum tobira, crush, rotating speed is 1500~3000r/min, during crushing
Between be 3~5min, obtain the powder of each component, be well mixed；
Step 4：Step 3 gained mixture of powders addition step 2 is residue obtained, after being mixed with water, distillation, collection 50~
Gained cut under 90 degrees Celsius, condensation, obtains higher boiling blend of essential oils, collects residue obtained；
Step 5：Take 20 parts of agalloch eaglewood and the fragrant 3 parts of difference segments of first, crush, add low boiling blend of essential oils, higher boiling essence
Oil mixture and step 4 are residue obtained, are well mixed.Medicinal alcohol is added dropwise in gained powder, stirs to powder and reconciles into
Bulk fragrant mud, beats kneading repeatedly, to fragrant mud it is soft it is flexible after, wrapped up, cured 2 hours with preservative film.Then by fragrant mud system
Into pomander with holes, string is fragrant string after drying in the shade and storing sth. in a cellar.
Embodiment 5：
A kind of natural anophelifuge is calmed the nerves champignon composition, includes the raw material of following parts by weight：3 parts of lemongrass, 3 parts of sweet wormwood, peppermint 2
Part, 4 parts of folium artemisiae argyi, 0.8 part of Ai Na, 3 parts of folium eucalypti, 4 parts of Zhan's sugar, 5 parts of pittosporum tobira, 15 parts of agalloch eaglewood and first are fragrant 3 parts.
Preparation method is：
Step 1：Take 3 parts of lemongrass, 3 parts of sweet wormwood, 2 parts of peppermint, 4 parts of folium artemisiae argyi, 0.8 part of Ai Na, 3 parts of folium eucalypti, 4 parts of Zhan's sugar, sea
Segment, crushing after 5 parts of paulownia is cleaned, rotating speed is 1500~3000r/min, and grinding time is 3~5min, is well mixed.
Step 2：The each component mixture for taking step 1 to obtain mixes with ethanol, refluxing extraction, is received after gained filtrate is filtered
Collecting filtrate, concentration, obtain extract mixtures, collection is residue obtained, wherein, ethanol could alternatively be methanol or ethyl acetate.
Step 3：Take 15 parts of agalloch eaglewood and the fragrant 3 parts of difference segments of first, crush, add obtained by extract mixtures and step 2
Residue, well mixed (30 parts of plant adhesive in other embodiments, can be added herein, be again stirring for, be well mixed).
Medicinal alcohol is added dropwise in gained powder, reconciles into bulk fragrant mud to powder, beats kneading repeatedly, to fragrant mud it is soft it is flexible after,
Wrapped up, cured 2 hours with preservative film.Then pomander with holes is made in fragrant mud, string is fragrant string after drying in the shade and storing sth. in a cellar.
Convenient for experiment, fragrant product are fragrant string herein, but in actual use, can be made as different fragrant product.
Comparative example 1：
Take commercially available Liushen toilet water 200ml.
Comparative example 2：
By weight, 5 parts of agalloch eaglewood, 3 parts of lemongrass, 2 parts of sweet wormwood, 3 parts of folium eucalypti, 10 parts of peppermint, 4 parts of folium artemisiae argyi, pittosporum tobira 1 are weighed
Part, Zhan sugar 1 part, first perfume 3 parts, 1 part of Ai Na, by the segment of above component, crushing, (rotating speed is 1500~3000r/min, grinding time
For 3~5min), the powder of each component is obtained, 20 parts of plant adhesive is added after being well mixed, is again stirring for, be well mixed.
Water is added dropwise in gained powder, reconciles into bulk fragrant mud to powder, beats kneading repeatedly, to fragrant mud it is soft it is flexible after, use is fresh-keeping
Film wraps up, and cures 3 hours.Then pomander with holes is made in fragrant mud, string is fragrant string after drying in the shade and storing sth. in a cellar.Wherein, water can be replaced
Medicinal alcohol.
Comparative example 3：
By weight, 30 parts of agalloch eaglewood, 3 parts of lemongrass, 1 part of sweet wormwood, 1 part of folium eucalypti, 1 part of peppermint, 5 parts of pittosporum tobira, Zhan's sugar 1 are weighed
Part, first perfume 3 parts, 1 part of Ai Na, by the segment of above component, crush (rotating speed is 1500~3000r/min, grinding time for 3~
5min), the powder of each component is obtained, 15 parts of plant adhesive is added after being well mixed, is again stirring for, be well mixed.In gained
Water is added dropwise in powder, reconciles into bulk fragrant mud to powder, beats kneading repeatedly, to fragrant mud it is soft it is flexible after, with preservative film bag
Wrap up in, cure 3 hours.Then pomander with holes is made in fragrant mud, string is fragrant string after drying in the shade and storing sth. in a cellar.Wherein, water can be replaced medical
Alcohol.
Comparative example 4：
By weight, 18 parts of agalloch eaglewood, 5 parts of lemongrass, 8 parts of sweet wormwood, 4 parts of folium eucalypti, 3 parts of peppermint, 7 parts of folium artemisiae argyi, pittosporum tobira 5 are weighed
Part, Zhan sugar 4 parts, first perfume 1 part, 1 part of Ai Na, by the segment of above component, crushing, (rotating speed is 1500~3000r/min, grinding time
For 3~5min), the powder of each component is obtained, 20 parts of plant adhesive is added after being well mixed, is again stirring for, be well mixed.
Water is added dropwise in gained powder, reconciles into bulk fragrant mud to powder, beats kneading repeatedly, to fragrant mud it is soft it is flexible after, use is fresh-keeping
Film wraps up, and cures 3 hours.Then pomander with holes is made in fragrant mud, string is fragrant string after drying in the shade and storing sth. in a cellar.Wherein, water can be replaced
Medicinal alcohol.
Mosquito repellent is tested
With reference to National Standard of the People's Republic of China, the indoor harmacological effect evaluation repellant of agriculture chemical registration hygienic insecticide
(GB/T17322.10-1998) method carries out mosquito repellent experiment.
Attack is tested：300 4~5 ages in days are put into the mosquito cage that length × width × height is 30cm × 30cm × 60cm not
The aedes albopictus female mosquito sucked blood.4cm × 4cm skins are exposed in the back of the hand, remainder tightly covers, puts his hand into mosquito cage and place
2min, unnecessary 30 of test worm for coming to stop falling is qualified.
The people of pass the test person 27 is divided into 9 groups, every group of 3 people, in comparative example 1, takes 3ml floral water to be applied to experimenter's right hand
At test, left hand is not protected；Comparative example 2~4, the experimenter of embodiment 1~5 wear fragrant string on the right hand, and left hand is not protected,
As control.Interval time is as follows, observes 90 days altogether, observes 2min every time.The Effective Vate of Protection of each group is calculated, calculation formula is such as
Under：
Effective Vate of Protection (%)=(mosquito thorn stings number after control mosquito thorn stings the fragrant string of number-wearing)/blank control mosquito thorn
Sting number.
Experimental result such as table 1：
Table 1：
Experiment finds that commercially available prod Liushen toilet water (comparative example 1) repelling effect in firm use is good, but at 12 hours
Repelling effect drastically declines afterwards；The initial repelling effect of comparative example 2 is preferable, but declines comparatively fast over time, and comparative example 3 uses
More agalloch eaglewood, as a result shows, its repelling effect is bad.With reference to comparative example 2,3 it can be found that increase agalloch eaglewood usage amount is to mosquito repellent
Effect improves unobvious, and increasing the dosage of peppermint can be such that repelling effect declines comparatively fast.Comparative example 4, embodiment 1~5 have good
Repelling effect, and the time kept is longer.
Soothing nerves and assisting sleep, which is slept, to be tested
With reference to University of Pittsburgh of state psychiatrist doctor Buysse et al. in the Pittsburgh of establishment in 1989
Index design is tested.Selecting 180 Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, (score is higher to show sleep quality more in 7~8 experimenter
Difference), it is divided into 8 groups, wherein, the patient of comparative example 1 uses Liushen toilet water every night, and comparative example 2~4, the patient of embodiment 1~5 wear
Perfume string, the course for the treatment of 30 days by a definite date, the Sleep Quality Index before experimenter wears are used as control.
Experimental result is shown in Table 2：
Table 2：
Experiment finds that commercially available Liushen toilet water is to no positive effect of calming the nerves, and the using effect of comparative example 2~3 is poor, table
The dosage of bright agalloch eaglewood is larger to influential effect of calming the nerves.In comparative example 4, after patient's use, sleep quality has declined on the contrary, shows
Mosquito repellent class perfume (or spice) material (such as sweet wormwood, folium eucalypti), which is excessively used, can reduce sleep quality.The using effect of embodiment 1~5 shows, of the invention
Have to treatment insomnia and obviously act on.
Tested with reference to mosquito repellent, relieving mental strain and helping sleep, the ratio given by the present invention calms the nerves to have for mosquito repellent preferably to be acted on.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention
God any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc., should be included in the scope of the protection with principle.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of natural anophelifuge champignon composition, it is characterised in that include the raw material of following parts by weight：
2. natural anophelifuge champignon composition according to claim 1 is applied to prepare tranquilizing and allaying excitement, alleviates pressure, mosquito repellent drive
Worm, sterilization or the stacte for purifying air.
3. natural anophelifuge champignon composition according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also including plant adhesive 10~50
Parts by weight.
4. the preparation method of natural anophelifuge champignon composition according to claim 3, it is characterised in that including following step
Suddenly：
Step 1：Take fragrant lemongrass, sweet wormwood, folium eucalypti, peppermint, folium artemisiae argyi, pittosporum tobira, Zhan's sugar, first, Ai Na and the segment of agalloch eaglewood difference, crush,
The powder of each component is obtained, is well mixed；
Step 2：Take step 1 gained mixture to add plant adhesive, water and/or medicinal alcohol, stirring are added after being sufficiently mixed
Bulk fragrant mud can be reconciled into powder；
Step 3：Step 2 gained fragrant mud is beaten into kneading repeatedly, to fragrant mud it is soft it is flexible after, wrapped up with preservative film, curing 2~
4 hours.
5. the preparation method of natural anophelifuge champignon composition according to claim 1, it is characterised in that including following step
Suddenly：
Step 1：Take lemongrass, sweet wormwood, peppermint, folium artemisiae argyi, the segment of Ai Na difference, crushing；
Step 2：The each component for taking step 1 to obtain distills after being sufficiently mixed with water, collects gained cut under 30~70 degrees Celsius, cold
It is solidifying, low boiling blend of essential oils is obtained, is collected residue obtained；
Step 3：Folium eucalypti, Zhan's sugar, the segment of pittosporum tobira difference, crushing are taken, the powder of each component is obtained, is well mixed；
Step 4：Step 3 gained mixture of powders addition step 2 is residue obtained, after being mixed with water, distillation, collect 50~90 and take the photograph
Gained cut under family name's degree, condensation, obtains higher boiling blend of essential oils, collects residue obtained；
Step 5：Take the fragrant segment respectively of agalloch eaglewood and first, crush, add low boiling blend of essential oils, higher boiling blend of essential oils, with
And step 4 is residue obtained, it is well mixed, adds water and/or medicinal alcohol, stir to powder and reconcile into bulk fragrant mud, beat repeatedly
Play kneading, to fragrant mud it is soft it is flexible after, wrapped up, cured 2~4 hours with preservative film.
6. the preparation method of natural anophelifuge champignon composition according to claim 1, it is characterised in that including following step
Suddenly：
Step 1：Lemongrass, sweet wormwood, peppermint, folium artemisiae argyi, Ai Na, folium eucalypti, Zhan's sugar, the segment of pittosporum tobira difference, crushing are taken, obtains each component
Powder, it is well mixed；
Step 2：The each component mixture for taking step 1 to obtain mixes with ethanol, methanol or ethyl acetate, refluxing extraction, by gained
Filtrate filtering and collecting filter liquid, concentration, extract mixtures are obtained, collected residue obtained；
Step 3：Take agalloch eaglewood and the fragrant segment respectively of first, crush, add extract mixtures and step 2 is residue obtained, mixing is equal
It is even, water and/or medicinal alcohol are added, stirs to powder and reconciles into bulk fragrant mud, beat kneading repeatedly, it is flexible to fragrant mud softness
Afterwards, wrapped up, cured 2~4 hours with preservative film.
7. the preparation method of natural anophelifuge champignon composition according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the step 3 is also
Can be：Take agalloch eaglewood and the fragrant segment respectively of first, crush, add residual obtained by extract mixtures, plant adhesive and step 2
Slag, it is well mixed, adds water and/or medicinal alcohol, stir to powder and reconcile into bulk fragrant mud, beat kneading repeatedly, to fragrant mud
After softness is flexible, wrapped up, cured 2~4 hours with preservative film.
8. the preparation method of the natural anophelifuge champignon composition according to any one of claim 4 to 7, it is characterised in that will
Line spices, incense coil, tower spices, bamboo stick perfume, fragrant string, fragrant board or pomander is made in fragrant mud after curing.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710669752.0A CN107484782B (en) | 2017-08-08 | 2017-08-08 | Natural mosquito-repellent incense composition and application and preparation method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710669752.0A CN107484782B (en) | 2017-08-08 | 2017-08-08 | Natural mosquito-repellent incense composition and application and preparation method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107484782A true CN107484782A (en) | 2017-12-19 |
| CN107484782B CN107484782B (en) | 2020-07-28 |
Family
ID=60645266
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710669752.0A Active CN107484782B (en) | 2017-08-08 | 2017-08-08 | Natural mosquito-repellent incense composition and application and preparation method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN107484782B (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108056100A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-05-22 | 高宗保 | Orange peel incense coil and preparation method thereof |
| CN109106214A (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2019-01-01 | 太仓市高新区青沐文艺创作工作室 | A kind of mixing operation method of plant perfume (or spice) and coloured glaze tea set |
| CN114947170A (en) * | 2022-06-20 | 2022-08-30 | 江苏中烟工业有限责任公司 | Medicine-fragrance type heating non-combustion cigarette sheet and preparation method thereof |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004210756A (en) * | 2003-01-06 | 2004-07-29 | Masashi Sugimoto | Mosquito repellent of plant origin |
| CN102326590A (en) * | 2011-09-28 | 2012-01-25 | 许银亚 | Mugwort leaf mosquito incense |
| CN103583575A (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2014-02-19 | 石皓 | Pure natural nontoxic smoked mosquito-repellent incense and its preparation method |
| CN106309987A (en) * | 2016-10-13 | 2017-01-11 | 杨锦玲 | Composition, floral water containing composition and application thereof |
| CN106962423A (en) * | 2017-03-13 | 2017-07-21 | 屈国香 | A kind of sleeping mosquito repellent stacte |
-
2017
- 2017-08-08 CN CN201710669752.0A patent/CN107484782B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004210756A (en) * | 2003-01-06 | 2004-07-29 | Masashi Sugimoto | Mosquito repellent of plant origin |
| CN102326590A (en) * | 2011-09-28 | 2012-01-25 | 许银亚 | Mugwort leaf mosquito incense |
| CN103583575A (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2014-02-19 | 石皓 | Pure natural nontoxic smoked mosquito-repellent incense and its preparation method |
| CN106309987A (en) * | 2016-10-13 | 2017-01-11 | 杨锦玲 | Composition, floral water containing composition and application thereof |
| CN106962423A (en) * | 2017-03-13 | 2017-07-21 | 屈国香 | A kind of sleeping mosquito repellent stacte |
Non-Patent Citations (7)
| Title |
|---|
| SOLOMON B ET AL.: "Mosquito Repellent Actions of the Essential Oils of Cymbopogon citratus, Cymbopogon nardus and Eucalyptus citriodora: Evaluation and Formulation Studies", 《JOURNAL OF ESSENTIAL OIL BEARING PLANTS》 * |
| 傅京亮 著: "《中国香文化》", 31 January 2008, 齐鲁书社 * |
| 卓廉士 著: "《本草纲目博物大典》", 31 October 2010, 吉林文史出版社 * |
| 徐怀德 主编: "《天然产物提取工艺学》", 30 June 2006, 中国轻工业出版社 * |
| 王葆方 等主编: "《美容本草》", 31 March 2003, 军事医学科学出版社 * |
| 相宝荣 编: "《气雾剂与喷雾剂产品配方大全》", 31 October 1996, 中国轻工业出版社 * |
| 贾敏如 主编: "《国际传统药和天然药物》", 31 October 2006, 中国中医药出版社 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108056100A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-05-22 | 高宗保 | Orange peel incense coil and preparation method thereof |
| CN109106214A (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2019-01-01 | 太仓市高新区青沐文艺创作工作室 | A kind of mixing operation method of plant perfume (or spice) and coloured glaze tea set |
| CN114947170A (en) * | 2022-06-20 | 2022-08-30 | 江苏中烟工业有限责任公司 | Medicine-fragrance type heating non-combustion cigarette sheet and preparation method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN107484782B (en) | 2020-07-28 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN105284936B (en) | A kind of mosquito repellent composition and preparation method thereof | |
| CN104186565A (en) | Electric-heating liquid mosquito-repellent incense with natural plant fragrance of agilawood and preparation method of electric-heating liquid mosquito-repellent incense | |
| CN105230685B (en) | Herbaceous plant essential oil composition with repelling effect | |
| CN104255832A (en) | Mosquito-repellent traditional Chinese medicine composition and application thereof | |
| CN104186576A (en) | Rhamnus crenata natural plant mosquito-repellent incense capable of calming mind and nerves and preparation method of rhamnus crenata natural plant mosquito-repellent incense | |
| CN105660623A (en) | Chinese herbal burning fumigation detoxifying mosquito repellent incense and preparation method thereof | |
| CN105594766A (en) | Natural bamboo charcoal mosquito-repellent incense and manufacturing method thereof | |
| CN104186570A (en) | Chinese wild pepper plant mosquito-repellent incense capable of improving sleep and preparation method thereof | |
| CN110637839A (en) | Jasmine flower mosquito repellent with nerve calming and sleep aiding effects and preparation method thereof | |
| CN107484782A (en) | A kind of natural anophelifuge champignon composition and its application and preparation method | |
| CN104206442A (en) | Vernonia-anthelmintica mosquito-repellent incense improving sleep quality and preparation method thereof | |
| CN104924819A (en) | Stationary storing barrel in combination of active mineral substances and mosquito repelling extracts | |
| CN104186573A (en) | Fructus ulmi plant mosquito-repellent incense having functions of relieving pressure and regulating sleep and preparation method thereof | |
| CN104206449A (en) | Lantana-camara mosquito-repellent incense capable of calming body and mind and promoting sleep and preparation method thereof | |
| CN104875693A (en) | Natural mosquito repelling plant and active mineral composed automobile front-wall sound insulating pad | |
| CN107410384A (en) | A kind of plants herb mosquito-repellent incense and preparation method thereof | |
| CN106577841A (en) | Electric heating type Chinese mugwort essential oil mosquito repellent | |
| CN110522678A (en) | A kind of Jasmine long-acting mosquito-driving agent and preparation method thereof | |
| CN107320388A (en) | A kind of plant source mosquito-expelling and antipruritic emulsion | |
| CN104511042A (en) | Water lily flower incense coil | |
| CN104939725A (en) | Structure of raspberry antibacterial type anion tissue box | |
| CN107998025A (en) | A kind of Mongollian Thyme Herb essential oil mosquito-repellent perfume and preparation method | |
| CN104958026A (en) | Home furnishing type sweet marjoram fragrant tissue box with mosquito expelling effect | |
| CN105996878B (en) | A kind of Multifunctional domestic health care paper pumping | |
| CN104958027A (en) | Fructus ulmi mosquito repellent tissue drum soaked with traditional Chinese medicine active ingredient |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |