CN107482911A - A kind of DC/DC converters suitable for h2 fuel cell stack ac impedance measurement - Google Patents
A kind of DC/DC converters suitable for h2 fuel cell stack ac impedance measurement Download PDFInfo
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- CN107482911A CN107482911A CN201710905867.5A CN201710905867A CN107482911A CN 107482911 A CN107482911 A CN 107482911A CN 201710905867 A CN201710905867 A CN 201710905867A CN 107482911 A CN107482911 A CN 107482911A
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- converters
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- control panel
- resistor
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 238000002847 impedance measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/389—Measuring internal impedance, internal conductance or related variables
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/396—Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a kind of DC/DC converters suitable for h2 fuel cell stack ac impedance measurement,It includes first resistor,The second resistance of concatenation,3rd resistor and the 4th resistance,Input capacitance,Power inductance,Switching device,Power diode,Output capacitance and control panel,Control panel and first resistor,3rd resistor,The single hydrogen fuel cell of one of them in h2 fuel cell stack and switching device connection,Control panel is connected to gather the input current signal of converter with first resistor,Control panel is connected to gather the input voltage signal of converter with 3rd resistor,Control panel is connected to gather the voltage signal of the monolithic fuel cell with one of them single hydrogen fuel cell in h2 fuel cell stack,The input current generation pulse width modulating signal of converter of the control panel based on collection,Break-make for controlling switch device.The converter can make fuel cell system always work in optimum state.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electrochemical field, more particularly to a kind of suitable for h2 fuel cell stack ac impedance measurement
DC/DC converters.
Background technology
Hydrogen-oxygen proton exchange membrane fuel cell is a kind of electrochemical appliance, chemical energy directly can be converted into electric energy.Combustion
Expect that battery pile is in series by many monolithic fuel cells.In order to monitor the work shape of fuel cell pack and monolithic fuel cell
Condition, effectively judge whether the state in water logging or drying to fuel cell pack, it is necessary to apply sinusoidal in real time for PEM
AC signal, the AC impedance of fuel cell pack and monolithic fuel cell is analyzed, so as to adjust fuel cell in time
Air supply system and humidification system, to avoid, there is local water logging in fuel cell or film does phenomenon, and then lifting fuel cell pack
Performance.
Existing DC/DC converters are designed using Buck, Boost circuit as prototype, and using digitlization
Pulse width modulation (PWM) control method, technology are quite ripe.But it is all to defeated that these DC/DC converters are most of
The voltage and current signal gone out is controlled, it is impossible to meets the requirement of h2 fuel cell stack；In order to realize to fuel cell pack and list
Function that the AC impedance of piece fuel cell is analyzed is, it is necessary to apply AC signal, and traditional DC/DC converters its inputs
Output is smooth direct current signal, can not equally meet the requirement.
Accordingly, it is desired to provide a kind of DC/DC converters suitable for h2 fuel cell stack ac impedance measurement, it can be right
The AC impedance of fuel cell system and monolithic fuel cell is analyzed, and then can interpolate that the dry and wet shape of PEM
State.By this method, fuel cell pack can be made to always work in optimum state, extend PEM uses the longevity
Life, so as to extend the life-span of monolithic fuel cell and fuel cell system.
The content of the invention
The main mesh of the present invention is that providing a kind of DC/DC suitable for h2 fuel cell stack ac impedance measurement converts
Device, it is direct current signal that it, which can overcome input and output existing for existing DC/DC converters, can not be to fuel cell pack and list
The problem of AC impedance of piece fuel cell is analyzed.The technical purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs.
An embodiment of the invention provides a kind of DC/DC suitable for h2 fuel cell stack ac impedance measurement and become
Parallel operation, wherein the DC/DC converters include first resistor, second resistance, 3rd resistor and the 4th resistance of concatenation, input electricity
Appearance, power inductance, switching device, power diode, output capacitance and control panel, one end of first resistor and hydrogen fuel cell
The positive pole connection of heap, the one end of the other end of first resistor respectively with second resistance, input capacitance and power inductance be connecteds, input
The other end of electric capacity and the negative pole of h2 fuel cell stack connect, and the other end of power inductance passes through switching device and hydrogen fuel cell
The negative pole connection of heap, the other end of power inductance also pass through the power diode and output capacitance of concatenation and h2 fuel cell stack
Negative pole is connected, and the 4th resistance is also connected with the negative pole of h2 fuel cell stack, control panel and first resistor, 3rd resistor, hydrogen fuel
The single hydrogen fuel cell of one of them in battery pile and switching device connection, control panel are connected to gather with first resistor
The input current signal of DC/DC converters, the input voltage that control panel is connected to gather DC/DC converters with 3rd resistor are believed
Number, control panel is connected to gather the monolithic fuel cell with one of them single hydrogen fuel cell in h2 fuel cell stack
Voltage signal, the input current generation pulse width modulating signal of DC/DC converter of the control panel based on collection, is opened for controlling
Close the break-make of device.
The DC/DC converters provided according to the said one embodiment of the present invention, wherein power inductance and switching device
Colelctor electrode connection, the negative pole of the emitter stage of switching device and h2 fuel cell stack connects, the base stage of control panel and switching device
Connection.
The DC/DC converters provided according to the said one embodiment of the present invention, wherein control panel are based on pulse width
Modulated signal is controlled to switching device so that it switches between turn-on and turn-off two states, works as switch device conductive
When, the input voltages of DC/DC converters is to power inductance L1Charging, power inductance energy storage, is now born from output capacitance to outside
Carry and power and provide output voltage；When switching device turns off, the input voltage of DC/DC converters charges to output capacitance, DC/
The input voltage and power inductance of DC converters are powered to external loading by power diode and provide output voltage.
According to the present invention said one embodiment provide DC/DC converters, wherein second resistance, 3rd resistor and
The resistance value of 4th resistance is all higher than the resistance value of first resistor.
The DC/DC converters provided according to the said one embodiment of the present invention, wherein control panel are based on formula (1)Formula (2)With formula (3)Calculate the AC impedance Z of fuel cell packb, in above-mentioned formula (1)-(3), ibFor
The input current of DC/DC converters, ubFor the input voltage of DC/DC converters, I1For the input current of DC/DC converters
DC component,For the simple alternating current component of the input current of DC/DC converters, U1For DC/DC converters
Input voltage DC voltage component,For the simple alternating current point of the input voltage of DC/DC converters
Amount,For the phase of the input current simple alternating current component of DC/DC converters,For the input voltage of DC/DC converters
The phase of simple alternating current component, ω are the angular frequency of disturbing signal, and t is time variable,For AC impedance amplitude,For DC/
The phase of the input current simple alternating current component of DC convertersWith the simple alternating current component of the input voltage of DC/DC converters
PhasePhase difference, j is imaginary unit, above-mentioned variable I1、I2、U1、U2、ω、WithObtained by measuring.
The DC/DC converters provided according to the said one embodiment of the present invention, wherein control panel are based on formula (1)Formula (4)With formula (5)To count
Calculate the AC impedance Z of monolithic fuel celld, in above-mentioned formula (1), formula (4) and formula (5), ibFor DC/DC converters
Input current, ubFor the input voltage of DC/DC converters, I1For the DC component of the input current of DC/DC converters,For the simple alternating current component of the input current of DC/DC converters,For the input of DC/DC converters
The phase of current sinusoidal AC compounent, Ud1For monolithic fuel cell voltage signal DC component, Ud2For monolithic fuel cell voltage
Signal simple alternating current component,For the phase of monolithic fuel cell voltage signal simple alternating current component,With DC/DC converters
Input voltage simple alternating current component phase it is identical, ω be disturbing signal angular frequency, t is time variable,For monolithic
The AC impedance Z of fuel celldAmplitude,For the phase of the input current simple alternating current component of DC/DC convertersWith
The simple alternating current component phase of the input voltage of DC/DC convertersPhase difference, j is imaginary unit, above-mentioned variable I1、I2、
Ud1、Ud2、ω、WithObtained by measuring.
The present invention has clear advantage and had the beneficial effect that compared with prior art：Can be to fuel cell pack and list
The AC impedance of piece fuel cell is analyzed, and then judges the dry and wet state of PEM, extends PEM
Service life, so as to extend the life-span of monolithic fuel cell and fuel cell system.
Brief description of the drawings
Technical scheme in order to illustrate the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, make required in being described below to embodiment
Accompanying drawing is briefly introduced.
Fig. 1 is to be become according to the DC/DC suitable for h2 fuel cell stack ac impedance measurement of one embodiment of the present invention
The circuit diagram of parallel operation.
Embodiment
To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the application clearer, below in conjunction with the application specific embodiment and
Corresponding accompanying drawing heap technical scheme is clearly and completely described.Obviously, described embodiment is only the application one
Section Example, rather than whole embodiments, based on the embodiment in the application, those of ordinary skill in the art are not doing
Go out under the premise of creative work the protection domain that the every other embodiment obtained belongs to the application.
Fig. 1 is to be become according to the DC/DC suitable for h2 fuel cell stack ac impedance measurement of one embodiment of the present invention
The circuit diagram of parallel operation.As shown in figure 1, include the first electricity suitable for the DC/DC converters of h2 fuel cell stack ac impedance measurement
Hinder Rs, concatenation second resistance R1, 3rd resistor R2With the 4th resistance R3, input capacitance Cin, power inductance L1, switching element T1、
Power diode D1, output capacitance CoutAnd control panel, first resistor RsOne end and the positive pole of h2 fuel cell stack connect, the
One resistance RsThe other end respectively with second resistance R1, input capacitance CinWith power inductance L1Connection, input capacitance CinFired with hydrogen
Expect the negative pole connection of battery pile, power inductance L1Pass through switching element T1It is connected with the negative pole of h2 fuel cell stack, power inductance L1
Also pass through the power diode D of concatenation1With output capacitance CoutIt is connected with the negative pole of h2 fuel cell stack, the 4th resistance R3Fired with hydrogen
Expect the negative pole connection of battery pile, control panel and first resistor Rs, 3rd resistor R2, one of them single hydrogen in h2 fuel cell stack
Fuel cell and switching element T1Connection, control panel and first resistor RsIt is connected to gather the input current of DC/DC converters
Signal, control panel and 3rd resistor R2It is connected to gather the input voltage signal of DC/DC converters, control panel and hydrogen fuel electricity
The single hydrogen fuel cell of one of them in the heap of pond is connected to gather the voltage signal of the monolithic fuel cell, and control panel is based on
The input current generation pulse width modulating signal of the DC/DC converters of collection, for controlling switch device T1Break-make.
As shown in figure 1, power inductance L1With switching element T1Colelctor electrode connection, switching element T1Emitter stage and hydrogen fire
Expect the negative pole connection of battery pile, control panel and switching element T1Base stage connection.
As shown in figure 1, control panel is based on pulse width modulating signal to switching element T1It is controlled so that it is being turned on
Switch between shut-off two states, work as switching element T1During conducting, the input voltage of DC/DC converters (specifically refers to fuel
The voltage of the output end of battery pile) to power inductance L1Charging, power inductance L1Energy storage, now by output capacitance CoutIt is negative to outside
Carry and power and provide output voltage Vout；Work as switching element T1During shut-off, the input voltage of DC/DC converters (specifically refers to fuel
The voltage for going out end of the defeated heap of battery) to output capacitance CoutCharging, the input voltage and power inductance L of DC/DC converters1By
Power diode D1Powered to external loading and output voltage V is providedout。
In an embodiment of the invention, second resistance R1, 3rd resistor R2With the 4th resistance R3Resistance value it is big
In first resistor RsResistance value.
The input current of DC/DC converters includes DC component and simple alternating current component, and the DC/ obtained is gathered by control panel
The input current i of DC convertersbRepresented by formula (1)：
The input voltage u of the DC/DC converters obtained by control panel collectionbRepresented by formula (2)：
In above-mentioned formula (1) and formula (2), I1For the DC component of the input current of DC/DC converters,For the simple alternating current component of the input current of DC/DC converters, U1For the input electricity of DC/DC converters
The DC voltage component of pressure,For the simple alternating current component of the input voltage of DC/DC converters,For
The phase of the input current simple alternating current component of DC/DC converters,For the simple alternating current of the input voltage of DC/DC converters
The phase of component, ω are the angular frequency of disturbing signal, and t is time variable, above-mentioned variable I1、I2、U1、U2、ω、WithPass through
Measurement obtains.
Input current i of the controller based on DC/DC convertersbWith input voltage ubTo calculate fuel electricity by formula (3)
Chi Dui AC impedance Zb:
Wherein,For AC impedance amplitude,For the phase of the input current simple alternating current component of DC/DC converters
With the simple alternating current component phase of the input voltage of DC/DC convertersPhase difference, j is imaginary unit.
For the monolithic fuel cell voltage of fuel cell pack, monolithic material battery voltage signal is obtained by formula 4:
Monolithic fuel cell current signal is identical (see formula 1) with DC/DC converters input current signal, then monolithic fuel
The AC impedance Z of batterydObtained by equation 5 below：
In above-mentioned formula (4) and formula (5), Ud1For monolithic fuel cell voltage signal DC component, Ud2Fired for monolithic
Expect battery voltage signal simple alternating current component,For the phase and DC/DC of monolithic fuel cell voltage signal simple alternating current component
The phase of the simple alternating current component of the input voltage of converter is identical, and ω is the angular frequency of disturbing signal, and t is time variable,
For the AC impedance Z of monolithic fuel celldAmplitude,For the phase of the input current simple alternating current component of DC/DC convertersWith the simple alternating current component phase of the input voltage of DC/DC convertersPhase difference, j is imaginary unit.Above-mentioned variable
Ud1、Ud2, ω pass through measure obtain.
According to the DC/DC converters of embodiment of the present invention can by the sinusoidal signal of application to fuel cell system and
The AC impedance of monolithic fuel cell is analyzed, and then judges the dry and wet state of PEM., can be with by this device
Fuel cell system is always worked in optimum state, extend the service life of PEM, so as to extend monolithic combustion
Expect the life-span of battery and fuel cell system.
The optional embodiment of the present invention is used to instruct how those skilled in the art implement and reproduce the present invention.In order to teach
Technical solution of the present invention is led, simplifies or eliminates some conventional aspects.Those skilled in the art should understand that it is derived from these realities
The modification or replacement for applying mode will be within the scope of the present invention.Those skilled in the art should understand that following characteristics can
Combine in a variety of ways to form multiple modifications of the present invention.Thus, the invention is not limited in following optional embodiments, and
Only limited by claim and their equivalent.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of DC/DC converters suitable for h2 fuel cell stack ac impedance measurement, it is characterised in that the DC/DC becomes
Parallel operation includes first resistor, the second resistance of concatenation, 3rd resistor and the 4th resistance, input capacitance, power inductance, derailing switch
Part, power diode, output capacitance and control panel, one end of first resistor and the positive pole of h2 fuel cell stack connect, and first
The one end of the other end of resistance respectively with second resistance, input capacitance and power inductance is connected, the other end and hydrogen of input capacitance
The negative pole connection of fuel cell pack, the other end of power inductance are connected by the negative pole of switching device and h2 fuel cell stack, work(
The other end of rate inductance is also connected by the power diode and output capacitance of concatenation and the negative pole of h2 fuel cell stack, the 4th electricity
Resistance is also connected with the negative pole of h2 fuel cell stack, control panel and one of them in first resistor, 3rd resistor, h2 fuel cell stack
Single hydrogen fuel cell and switching device connection, control panel are connected to gather the input of DC/DC converters with first resistor
Current signal, control panel are connected to gather the input voltage signal of DC/DC converters, control panel and hydrogen fuel with 3rd resistor
The single hydrogen fuel cell of one of them in battery pile is connected to gather the voltage signal of the monolithic fuel cell, control panel base
Pulse width modulating signal, the break-make for controlling switch device are generated in the input current of the DC/DC converters of collection.
2. DC/DC converters as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the colelctor electrode of power inductance and switching device connects,
The emitter stage of switching device and the negative pole of h2 fuel cell stack connect, and the base stage of control panel and switching device connects.
3. DC/DC converters as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that it is split that control panel is based on pulse width modulating signal
Device is closed to be controlled so that it switches between turn-on and turn-off two states, when switch device conductive, DC/DC conversion
The input voltage of device is to power inductance L1Charging, power inductance energy storage, now powers and provides from output capacitance to external loading
Output voltage；When switching device turns off, the input voltages of DC/DC converters charges to output capacitance, DC/DC converters it is defeated
Enter voltage and power inductance is powered to external loading by power diode and provides output voltage.
4. DC/DC converters as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the electricity of second resistance, 3rd resistor and the 4th resistance
Resistance is all higher than the resistance value of first resistor.
5. DC/DC converters as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that control panel is based on formula (1)Formula (2)With formula (3)
Calculate the AC impedance Z of fuel cell packb, in above-mentioned formula (1)-(3), ibFor the input current of DC/DC converters, ubFor
The input voltage of DC/DC converters, I1For the DC component of the input current of DC/DC converters,For
The simple alternating current component of the input current of DC/DC converters, U1For the DC voltage component of the input voltage of DC/DC converters,For the simple alternating current component of the input voltage of DC/DC converters,For the input of DC/DC converters
The phase of current sinusoidal AC compounent,For the phase of the simple alternating current component of the input voltage of DC/DC converters, ω is to disturb
The angular frequency of dynamic signal, t is time variable,For AC impedance amplitude,For the sinusoidal friendship of input current of DC/DC converters
The phase of flow componentWith the simple alternating current component phase of the input voltage of DC/DC convertersPhase difference, j is imaginary number list
Position, above-mentioned variable I1、I2、U1、U2、ω、WithObtained by measuring.
6. DC/DC converters as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that control panel is based on formula (1)Formula (4)With formula (5)Come
Calculate the AC impedance Z of monolithic fuel celld, in above-mentioned formula (1), formula (4) and formula (5), ibFor DC/DC converters
Input current, ubFor the input voltage of DC/DC converters, I1For the DC component of the input current of DC/DC converters,For the simple alternating current component of the input current of DC/DC converters,For the input electricity of DC/DC converters
The phase of simple alternating current component is flowed, Ud1 is monolithic fuel cell voltage signal DC component, Ud2Believe for monolithic fuel cell voltage
Number simple alternating current component,For the phase of monolithic fuel cell voltage signal simple alternating current component,With DC/DC converters
The phase of the simple alternating current component of input voltage is identical, and ω is the angular frequency of disturbing signal, and t is time variable,For monolithic
The AC impedance Z of fuel celldAmplitude,For the phase of the input current simple alternating current component of DC/DC convertersWith DC/
The simple alternating current component phase of the input voltage of DC convertersPhase difference, j is imaginary unit, above-mentioned variable I1、I2、Ud1、
Ud2、ω、WithObtained by measuring.
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Cited By (6)
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| CN110297130A (en) * | 2019-06-12 | 2019-10-01 | 合肥工业大学 | A kind of DC/DC converter and internal resistance measurement method with internal resistance of fuel cell measurement function |
| CN111123135A (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2020-05-08 | 苏州英威腾电力电子有限公司 | Online identification method and system for internal resistance of fuel cell |
| CN112736951A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-04-30 | 国网天津市电力公司电力科学研究院 | Retired battery echelon utilization system and method based on multi-level energy storage type converter |
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| CN110297130A (en) * | 2019-06-12 | 2019-10-01 | 合肥工业大学 | A kind of DC/DC converter and internal resistance measurement method with internal resistance of fuel cell measurement function |
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