CN107482661A - A kind of converter plant and redox flow battery energy storage system - Google Patents
A kind of converter plant and redox flow battery energy storage system Download PDFInfo
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- CN107482661A CN107482661A CN201710800985.XA CN201710800985A CN107482661A CN 107482661 A CN107482661 A CN 107482661A CN 201710800985 A CN201710800985 A CN 201710800985A CN 107482661 A CN107482661 A CN 107482661A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/10—Flexible AC transmission systems [FACTS]
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of converter plant and redox flow battery energy storage system.Described device is applied in redox flow battery energy storage system, including：Main switch, voltage transformation unit, one or more power cells, master controller；The input of the main switch is used to connect exchange end, and the output end of the main switch is connected with the first end of the voltage transformation unit, and the control terminal of the main switch is connected with the master controller；Second end of the voltage transformation unit includes one or more interfaces, and the interface is connected with the end that exchanges of a power cell；The DC terminal of the power cell is used to be connected with a flow cell pile；The voltage transformation unit is used to carry out high-low pressure conversion；The control terminal of the power cell is connected with the control terminal of the master controller, and the control instruction sent according to the master controller carries out ac-dc conversion.The technical scheme can be realized and several flow cell piles while is connected, and carry out unified energy conversion.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of energy storage, and in particular to a kind of converter plant and redox flow battery energy storage system.
Background technology
Battery energy storage technology had quick development in the last few years, the energy-storage system using all kinds battery as energy-accumulating medium
Also it is increasing to start to put into operation among power system and power consumer, to improve stability of power system, power supply can
Very positive effect is served by property etc..Dry cell wherein using lithium battery as representative have it is easy to use, be easy to tie up
The advantages that shield, the relative flow battery using vanadium cell as representative have the advantages that energy is big, energy efficiency is high, addressing is easy.
From the point of view of nearest development trend, the application of dry cell is more extensive, particularly in the dry electricity in the field such as electric automobile, mobile energy storage
Pond has more advantage, therefore the corollary apparatus such as converter plant in energy-storage system, battery management system is often according to the spy of dry cell
Point is designed.However, flow battery should not be neglected in the application value of Large Copacity, the even energy-accumulating power station level of vast capacity
Depending on.
The content of the invention
In view of the above problems, it is proposed that the present invention so as to provide one kind overcome above mentioned problem or at least in part solve on
State the converter plant and redox flow battery energy storage system of problem.
According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a kind of converter plant, applied in redox flow battery energy storage system, wrap
Include：Main switch, voltage transformation unit, one or more power cells, master controller；
The input of the main switch is used to connecting exchange end, and the of the output end of the main switch and the voltage transformation unit
One end is connected, and the control terminal of the main switch is connected with the master controller；
Second end of the voltage transformation unit includes one or more interfaces, and the interface exchanges end with power cell
It is connected；
The DC terminal of the power cell is used to be connected with a flow cell pile；
The voltage transformation unit is used to carry out high-low pressure conversion；
The control terminal of the power cell is connected with the control terminal of the master controller, is sent according to the master controller
Control instruction carries out ac-dc conversion.
Alternatively, the device also includes：
Precharge unit, including the auxiliary switch of series connection and startup resistance, the input of the auxiliary switch are described for connecting
End is exchanged, the control terminal of the auxiliary switch is connected with the master controller, described one end for starting resistance and the auxiliary switch
Output end is connected, and the other end is connected with the first end of the voltage transformation unit；
The master controller, for behind the converter plant access exchange end, controlling the main switch to disconnect, control
The auxiliary switch closure is made, enters line precharge for the power cell；And after the completion of power cell precharge, control
The auxiliary switch disconnects, and controls the main switch to close.
Alternatively, the voltage transformation unit includes one or more single-phase transformer, one or more described single-phase transformer
Primary side be the voltage transformation unit first end, the quantity of the single-phase transformer and the current phase quantity phase for exchanging end
Together；
The quantity of the vice-side winding of one single-phase transformer is one or more, and each vice-side winding is respectively by described
One interface at the end of voltage transformation unit second is connected with the first end of a power cell；Wherein, when the described one single-phase change
When the quantity of the vice-side winding of depressor is multiple, the plurality of vice-side winding is separate.
Alternatively, the device also includes：AC voltage sensor, the primary side of the AC voltage sensor are used to connect institute
State exchange end；
The master controller is additionally operable to connect console, receives total active power and total idle work(that the console is sent
Rate, the unit active power and unit reactive power of each power cell are determined according to total active power and total reactive power,
Sent as control instruction to each power cell；
The power cell includes：H-bridge circuit, filter circuit and cell controller；
The exchange end of the H-bridge circuit is connected with the interface at the second end of the voltage transformation unit, the direct current of the H-bridge circuit
End is connected with the first end of the filter circuit, and the second end of the LC filter circuits is used to connect with a flow cell pile
Connect；
The control terminal of the cell controller is connected with the control terminal of the master controller, the unit of the cell controller
Control terminal is connected with the control terminal of the H-bridge circuit；
Secondary of the cell controller also with the AC voltage sensor is connected, for gathering the electricity at the exchange end
Press Us, according to Us, the ac sensor no-load voltage ratio Kt, the voltage transformation unit no-load voltage ratio KpCalculate the voltage transformation unit second
The voltage U of interface on endcell；
The cell controller is additionally operable to gather the voltage of the H-bridge circuit DC side, according to the H-bridge circuit DC side
Voltage calculate the voltage U of the power cell DC sidedc；And for according to Ucell、UdcSent with the master controller
Control instruction, generate the pulse width modulation (PWM) signal to the H-bridge circuit, the pwm signal be sent to the H bridges
Circuit.
Alternatively, the power cell also includes：A.C. contactor, D.C. contactor, cell current sensor；
The A.C. contactor is connected with the end that exchanges of the H-bridge circuit, so that the exchange end of the H-bridge circuit passes through institute
State A.C. contactor with and the interface at the second end of the voltage transformation unit be connected, the control terminal of the A.C. contactor and the list
Cell controller connects；
The D.C. contactor is connected with the second end of the filter circuit, so that the second end of the filter circuit passes through
The D.C. contactor is connected with the flow cell pile, and the control terminal of the D.C. contactor connects with the cell controller
Connect；
The master controller, it is additionally operable to after the main switch closes, issues the exchange controlled in each power cell
The instruction of contactor and D.C. contactor closure；
The primary side of the cell current sensor is connected with the A.C. contactor, the secondary of the cell current sensor
It is connected with the cell controller, for gathering the ac-side current of the power cell；
The cell controller, it is additionally operable to the AC of the working condition and the power cell according to the H-bridge circuit
Whether current value, the power cell where judging the cell controller break down, and when breaking down by the work(at place
Fault message in rate unit is uploaded to the master controller；
The master controller, it is additionally operable to connect flow battery management system, obtains the working condition of each flow cell pile；
When receiving fault message that the cell controller sends and/or getting the malfunction of flow cell pile, Xiang Xiang
The power cell answered issues redundant instruction, so that the cell controller stops work according to the redundant instruction, control H-bridge circuit
Make, and control the A.C. contactor and the D.C. contactor to disconnect；And adjustment is sent to the control of other power cells
System instruction.
Alternatively, the device also includes：
Output current sensor, the primary side of the output current sensor are connected with the first end of the voltage transformation unit, institute
The secondary for stating output current sensor is connected with the secondary of the master controller；
The master controller is used for the output current I for gathering the voltage transformation unit first endout；
Secondary of the master controller also with the AC voltage sensor is connected, for gathering the voltage at the exchange end
Us；And for according to UsAnd Iout, the power output of the converter plant is calculated, according to the power output and the console
The total active power and total reactive power sent, adjustment are sent to the control instruction of each power cell.
Alternatively, the master controller, it is additionally operable to connect flow battery management system, obtains the lotus of each flow cell pile
Electricity condition SOC；
The capacity volume variance degree of each flow cell pile is calculated according to the SOC of each flow cell pile, when flow battery electricity
When the capacity volume variance degree of heap exceedes adjustment threshold value, the control that corresponding power unit is sent to according to capacity volume variance degree adjustment refers to
Order；
When the capacity volume variance degree of the flow cell pile is no longer than adjusting threshold value, no longer adjustment is sent to corresponding power
The control instruction of unit.
Alternatively, when the current phase at the exchange end has multiple, according to flow cell pile collection corresponding to each phase
Total capacity volume variance degree for calculating each flow cell pile in the flow cell pile set.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a kind of redox flow battery energy storage system, including exchange end, several liquid streams
Converter plant described in battery pile and as described above any one.
Alternatively, the system also includes：Console and flow battery management system；
The flow battery management system is connected with each flow cell pile and the converter plant respectively, each for gathering
The working condition and SOC of flow cell pile；
The console is connected with the flow battery management system and the converter plant respectively, for obtaining the friendship
Flow working condition, the working condition and SOC of the flow cell pile at end；And according to it is described exchange end working condition,
The total active power and total reactive power of working condition and SOC the calculating converter plant of the flow cell pile are simultaneously sent
To the converter plant.
From the foregoing, the converter plant proposed by the present invention suitable for redox flow battery energy storage system, can agree with liquid stream
Battery pile feature, unsteady flow is completed with the power cell being correspondingly arranged with flow cell pile, height is realized by voltage transformation unit
Low pressure is converted, and the control to converter plant is realized by main switch and master controller.If the technical scheme can realize with
A dry flow cell pile connects simultaneously, carries out unified energy conversion.
Described above is only the general introduction of technical solution of the present invention, in order to better understand the technological means of the present invention,
And can be practiced according to the content of specification, and in order to allow above and other objects of the present invention, feature and advantage can
Become apparent, below especially exemplified by the embodiment of the present invention.
Brief description of the drawings
By reading the detailed description of hereafter preferred embodiment, it is various other the advantages of and benefit it is common for this area
Technical staff will be clear understanding.Accompanying drawing is only used for showing the purpose of preferred embodiment, and is not considered as to the present invention
Limitation.And in whole accompanying drawing, identical part is denoted by the same reference numerals.In the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 shows a kind of structural representation of converter plant according to an embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 shows a kind of electrical block diagram of converter plant according to an embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 3 shows the circuit structure signal of the power cell in a kind of converter plant according to an embodiment of the invention
Figure；
Fig. 4 shows a kind of structural representation of redox flow battery energy storage system according to an embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
The exemplary embodiment of the disclosure is more fully described below with reference to accompanying drawings.Although the disclosure is shown in accompanying drawing
Exemplary embodiment, it being understood, however, that may be realized in various forms the disclosure without should be by embodiments set forth here
Limited.On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to facilitate a more thoroughly understanding of the present invention, and can be by the scope of the present disclosure
Completely it is communicated to those skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 shows a kind of structural representation of converter plant according to an embodiment of the invention, and the device can answer
For in redox flow battery energy storage system.As shown in figure 1, converter plant 100 includes：Main switch 110, voltage transformation unit 120, one or
Multiple power cells 130, master controller 140.
The input of main switch 110 is used to connect exchange end, the output end of main switch and the first end phase of voltage transformation unit 120
Even, the control terminal of main switch 110 is connected with master controller 140；Second end of voltage transformation unit 120 includes one or more interfaces,
Interface is connected with the end that exchanges of a power cell 130；The DC terminal of power cell 130 is used for and a flow cell pile phase
Even；Voltage transformation unit 120 is used to carry out high-low pressure conversion；The control terminal of power cell 130 and the control terminal phase of master controller 140
Even, the control instruction sent according to master controller 140 carries out ac-dc conversion.
It can be seen that the device shown in Fig. 1, can agree with flow cell pile feature, to be correspondingly arranged with flow cell pile
Power cell complete unsteady flow, realizing high-low pressure by voltage transformation unit converts, and passes through main switch and master controller and realize
Control to converter plant.The technical scheme can be realized and several flow cell piles while is connected, and carry out unified energy
Amount conversion.
In one embodiment of the invention, said apparatus also includes：Precharge unit 150, include the auxiliary switch of series connection
151 are used to connect exchange end, the control of auxiliary switch 151 with startup resistance 152 (not shown in FIG. 1), the input of auxiliary switch 151
End processed is connected with master controller 140, and the one end for starting resistance 152 is connected with the output end of auxiliary switch 151, the other end and transformation list
The first end of member 120 is connected；Master controller 140, for behind the incoming transport end of converter plant 100, control main switch 110 to be disconnected
Open, control auxiliary switch 151 closes, and enters line precharge for power cell 130；And after the completion of the precharge of power cell 130, control
Auxiliary switch 151 processed disconnects, and control main switch 110 closes.Master controller 140 can pass through electricity with main switch 110, auxiliary switch 151
Cable connects.
The effect of the precharge unit is to carry out partial pressure by starting resistance 152, first to the power device in power cell
Enter line precharge, because of the excessive damage power device of voltage when avoiding being directly accessed exchange end.
In one embodiment of the invention, in said apparatus, voltage transformation unit 120 includes one or more single-phase transformer
121 (not shown in FIG. 1), the primary side of one or more single-phase transformer 121 are the first end of voltage transformation unit 120, single-phase change
The quantity of depressor 121 is identical with the current phase quantity for exchanging end；The quantity of the vice-side winding of one single-phase transformer 121 is one
Individual or multiple, each vice-side winding passes through an interface at the end of voltage transformation unit second and the first end of a power cell 130 respectively
It is connected；Wherein, when the quantity of the vice-side winding of a single-phase transformer 121 is multiple, the plurality of vice-side winding is separate,
Multiple levels can be divided into, be easy to control.Each power cell being so attached thereto has been also classified into multiple levels.For the ease of even
More flow cell piles are connect, single-phase multiwinding transformer can be selected.
Exemplified by exchanging end and be three-phase alternating current power network, the quantity of single-phase transformer 121 is three, respectively corresponding A, B, C tri-
Phase.If the vice-side winding of every single-phase transformer 121 has N number of, also just it is divided into N levels, then the power cell 130 being attached thereto
A1, A2 ... AN can be expressed as, the vice-side winding of these power cells 130 and the single-phase transformer 121 of corresponding A phase leads to
Cross interface connection；Similarly, the secondary of these power cells 130 of B1, B2 ... BN and the single-phase transformer 121 of corresponding B phases around
Group is connected by interface, and these power cells 130 of C1, C2 ... CN lead to the vice-side winding of the single-phase transformer 121 of corresponding C phases
Interface connection is crossed, wherein, A1, B1 and C1, A2, B2 and C2 ... AN, BN and CN are at the same level each other.
In one embodiment of the invention, said apparatus also includes：AC voltage sensor 160 (does not show in Fig. 1
Go out), the primary side of AC voltage sensor 160 is used to connect exchange end；Master controller 140 is additionally operable to connect console, receives control
The total active power and total reactive power that platform processed is sent, each power cell 130 is determined according to total active power and total reactive power
Unit active power and unit reactive power, sent as control instruction to each power cell 130；
Power cell 130 includes：H-bridge circuit 131, filter circuit 132 and cell controller 133, the electricity of power cell 130
Line structure figure may refer to Fig. 3.
The exchange end of H-bridge circuit 131 is connected with the interface at the second end of voltage transformation unit 120, the DC terminal of H-bridge circuit and filter
The first end of wave circuit 132 is connected, and the second end of filter circuit 132 is used to be connected with a flow cell pile；Unit controls
The control terminal of device 133 is connected (in general distant, can to pass through optical fiber) with the control terminal of master controller 140, unit control
The unit control terminal of device 133 processed is connected with the control terminal of H-bridge circuit 131 and (can pass through cable)；Cell controller 133 also with friendship
The secondary for flowing voltage sensor 160 is connected (can pass through cable), for gathering the voltage U at exchange ends, according to Us, exchange sensing
The no-load voltage ratio K of devicet, voltage transformation unit no-load voltage ratio KpCalculate the voltage U of interface on the end of voltage transformation unit 120 secondcell；Cell controller
133 are additionally operable to gather the voltage of the DC side of H-bridge circuit 131, and power cell is calculated according to the voltage of the DC side of H-bridge circuit 131
The voltage U of 130 DC sidesdc；And for according to Ucell、UdcThe control instruction sent with master controller 140, generate to H bridges electricity
The pulse width modulation (PWM) signal on road 131, pwm signal is sent to H-bridge circuit 131.
Wherein, H-bridge circuit is formed for full-control type power device, such as IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar
Transistor, insulated gate bipolar transistor) etc., filter circuit can be the filtering more than second orders such as LC or LCL or second order
Circuit, the example of LC filter circuits is given in Fig. 3.
In one embodiment of the invention, in said apparatus, power cell 130 also includes：It is A.C. contactor 134, straight
Flow contactor 135, cell current sensor 136；A.C. contactor 134 is connected with the end that exchanges of H-bridge circuit 131, so that H bridges are electric
The exchange end on road 131 by A.C. contactor 134 with and the interface at the second end of voltage transformation unit 120 be connected, A.C. contactor 134
Control terminal be connected with cell controller 133；D.C. contactor 135 is connected with the second end of filter circuit 132, so that filtered electrical
Second end on road 132 is connected by D.C. contactor 135 with flow cell pile, the control terminal and unit of D.C. contactor 135
Controller 133 connects；
Master controller 140, it is additionally operable to after main switch closes, issues and control A.C. contactor in each power cell and straight
Flow the instruction that contactor 135 closes.
The primary side of cell current sensor 136 is connected with A.C. contactor 134, the secondary of cell current sensor 136 with
Cell controller 133 is connected, for gathering the ac-side current of power cell 130；
Cell controller 133, it is additionally operable to the AC electricity of the working condition and power cell 1230 according to H-bridge circuit 131
Whether flow valuve, the power cell 130 where judging unit controller 133 break down, and when breaking down by the work(at place
Fault message in rate unit 130 is uploaded to master controller 140；Master controller 140, it is additionally operable to connect flow battery management system
System, obtain the working condition of each flow cell pile；When the fault message and/or acquisition that receive the transmission of cell controller 133
To flow cell pile malfunction when, redundant instruction is issued to corresponding power cell, so that the basis of cell controller 133
Redundant instruction, control H-bridge circuit 131 are stopped, and control A.C. contactor 134 and D.C. contactor 135 disconnect；And
Adjustment is sent to the control instruction of other power cells 130.Here other power cells refer to not break down and corresponding
The power cell that flow cell pile does not also break down.
In one embodiment of the invention, said apparatus also includes：Output current sensor 170 (does not show in Fig. 1
Go out), the primary side of output current sensor 170 is connected with the first end of voltage transformation unit 120, the secondary of output current sensor 170
It is connected with the secondary of master controller 140 and (cable can be passed through)；Master controller 140 is used to gather the first end of voltage transformation unit 120
Output current Iout；Secondary of the master controller 140 also with AC voltage sensor 170 is connected and (can pass through cable), for gathering
Exchange the voltage U at ends；And for according to UsAnd Iout, the power output of calculating converter plant 100, according to power output and control
The total active power and total reactive power that platform processed is sent, adjustment are sent to the control instruction of each power cell 130.
In one embodiment of the invention, in said apparatus, master controller 140, it is additionally operable to connect flow battery management
System, obtain the state-of-charge SOC of each flow cell pile；Each flow battery electricity is calculated according to the SOC of each flow cell pile
The capacity volume variance degree of heap, when the capacity volume variance degree of a flow cell pile exceedes adjustment threshold value, adjusted according to capacity volume variance degree
It is sent to the control instruction of corresponding power unit；When the capacity volume variance degree of the flow cell pile is no longer than adjusting threshold value,
No longer adjustment is sent to the control instruction of corresponding power unit.Wherein, when the current phase for exchanging end has multiple, according to each phase
Flow cell pile set corresponding to position calculates the capacity volume variance degree of each flow cell pile in the flow cell pile set.
In the various embodiments described above, the limit value that power device in power cell is allowed is not to be exceeded in control instruction.
Fig. 2 shows a kind of electrical block diagram of converter plant according to an embodiment of the invention, such as Fig. 2 institutes
Show, converter plant includes main switch 110, voltage transformation unit 120 (including three single-phase transformers 121, is given from single-phase in figure
The example of multiwinding transformer), one or more power cells 130, master controller 140, precharge unit 150 (including auxiliary opens
Close 151 and start resistance 152), AC voltage sensor 160, output current sensor 170.Further it is shown that filled with unsteady flow
Put connected exchange end 410 and flow cell pile 420.
Fig. 4 shows a kind of structural representation of redox flow battery energy storage system according to an embodiment of the invention, such as Fig. 4
Shown, redox flow battery energy storage system 400 includes exchange end 410, several flow cell piles 420 and such as above-mentioned any embodiment
In converter plant 100.
In one embodiment of the invention, said system also includes：Console 430 and flow battery management system 440；
Flow battery management system 440 is connected with each flow cell pile 420 and converter plant 100 respectively, for gathering each liquid stream electricity
The working condition and SOC of pond pile；Console 430 respectively with flow battery management system 440, exchange end 410 and converter plant
100 connections, for obtaining working condition, the working condition and SOC of flow cell pile 420 at exchange end 410；And according to friendship
Flow the working condition at end 410, the working condition of flow cell pile 420 and SOC calculate converter plant 100 total active power and
Total reactive power is simultaneously sent to converter plant 100.
With reference to above-mentioned Fig. 1-4, in a specific embodiment, redox flow battery energy storage system 400 accesses 10kV three-phase
AC network (exchange end 410), the power limit of converter plant for 1200KVA (12*100KVA, i.e., each power cell
Power limit is 100KVA), single-phase transformer 121 selects single-phase multiwinding transformer, and vice-side winding quantity is 4, that is, in fact
4 grades of systems are showed.
First, the master controller 140 of converter plant 100 closes auxiliary switch 151 first, keeps main switch 110 to disconnect, passes through
Start resistance 152 and line precharge is entered to power cell 130, wait to be closed again main switch 110 after the completion of being pre-charged, disconnect auxiliary switch
151；A.C. contactor 134 and D.C. contactor 135 in closed power unit 130 afterwards, complete three-phase alternating current power network, power
The connection of unit 130 and flow cell pile 420.
Afterwards, the master controller 140 of converter plant 100 obtains redox flow battery energy storage system 400 from console 430 and currently needed
The total active-power P * and total reactive power Q * wanted, it is analyzed to identify the power for allowing operation without departing from redox flow battery energy storage system
Afterwards, the active-power P of each power cell 130 needs is calculated* cellWith reactive power P* cell, it is however generally that carry out average mark
Match somebody with somebody, then calculation formula is as shown in formula 1 and formula 2：
N represents the group number of single-phase multiwinding transformer vice-side winding, that is, the level of each phase power cell 130 in formula
Number, X represent a certain phase in three-phase, are A phases, B phases and C phases respectively, Y represents some power cell 130 of the phase, from 1 one
Until N, such as P* cell_A1Represent the active power of A first power cell 130 of phase, Q* cell_A1Represent A first power list of phase
The reactive power of member 130；In this example, it is assumed that it is currently received P*=600kW, Q*=300kVar, due to N=4, according to formula
1 and formula 2, the active-power P of each power cell 130 can be calculated*Cell_XY=50kW, reactive power Q*Cell_XY=
25kVar。
Master controller is sent out using the active power 50kW calculated and reactive power 25kVar as control instruction by optical fiber
The power cell 130 of each correspondence position is delivered to, is received by cell controller 133.
Cell controller 133 measures single-phase multiwinding transformer original edge voltage U by AC voltage sensor 160s, due to
Phase is identical between single-phase multiwinding transformer original edge voltage and secondary voltage, therefore can be become according to single-phase multiwinding transformer
Compare KTWith the no-load voltage ratio K of AC voltage sensor 160PCalculate secondary voltage, that is, the voltage U of the AC of power cell 130cell,
Cell controller detects the DC voltage of H bridge DC sides, calculates the voltage U of the DC side of power cell 130dc。
Cell controller 133 receives the P in the control instruction that master controller 140 issues* cell_XY=50kW and Q* cell_XY
After=25kVar, in conjunction with AC voltage UcellWith DC voltage Udc, according to single-phase H-bridge circuit work general principle,
The pwm signal required for H bridges is calculated, sends the power device in H-bridge circuit to by cable, control H-bridge circuit output refers to
Fixed active power and reactive power.
Master controller 140 measures converter plant 120 by AC voltage sensor 160 and output current sensor 170
Voltage UsAnd Iout, calculate and whether there is deviation between the overall power output of converter plant 120 and demand power, and according to
Deviation dynamically adjusts control instruction, so as to ensure that the overall running situation of converter plant 120 meets the requirements.
It can be seen that in this embodiment, multiple single-phase voltages independent of each other are constructed using single-phase multiwinding transformer, lead to
The energy conversion of the corresponding flow cell pile of several power cells control is crossed, distributed controll is realized and energy is concentrated.
The SOC of each flow battery identical is optimum state, and in order to ensure such balancing energy, converter plant can be one
Start balancing energy control under fixed condition.It is power cell energy that the condition that balancing energy control starts can be set in this example
The absolute value of diversity factor is not more than 0.02 (adjustment threshold value).
Master controller 140 reads the state-of-charge of each flow cell pile from battery management system 440, is designated as
SOCXY, wherein X represents a certain phase in three-phase, is A phases, B phases and C phases respectively, Y represents some power cell of the phase, from 1
Until N, such as SOCA1Represent that A first power cell of phase corresponds to the state-of-charge of flow cell pile, utilize formula 3, the and of formula 4
Formula 5 calculates the capacity volume variance degree of each flow cell pile of three-phase respectively：
If the flow battery electricity that in this example, some moment master controller 140 obtains from flow battery management system 440
Heap SOC is as follows：SOC_A1=0.51, SOC_A2=0.50, SOC_A3=0.50, SOC_A1=0.49, B phase and C phases flow battery electricity
The SOC value of heap is 0.5.
Unbalanced degree δ can be calculated according to formula 3A1=0.02, δA2=0, δA3=0, δA4=-0.02, just at critical tune
Section did not had boundary, therefore now balancing energy function wouldn't start, and the power instruction of each power cell of A phases maintains P* cell_XY=
50kW and Q* cell_XY=25kVar.
With the continuous service of redox flow battery energy storage system 400, the SOC that each power cell of A phases corresponds to battery pile may
Lasting diverging, the A phase battery pile SOC values that a certain moment master controller obtains are as follows：SOC_A1=0.52, SOC_A2=0.50,
SOC_A3=0.50, SOC_A1=0.49, B phase and the SOC value of C phase flow cell piles are 0.5, can be calculated not according to formula 3
Equilibrium degree δA1=0.04, δA2=0, δA3=0, δA4The unbalanced absolute value of=- 0.04, A1 and A4 battery piles is 0.04, is surpassed
Cross and imposed a condition 0.02, therefore master controller 140 starts to start balancing energy control.
Bring the capacity volume variance degree calculated into formula 6 or formula 7, calculate the active power of each power cell after adjustment, its
Middle energy-storage system brings formula 6 into when being in charged state, brings formula 7 into during in discharge condition.As can be seen that the liquid stream that energy is higher
Active power corresponding to battery pile is smaller in charging, larger in electric discharge, otherwise has corresponding to the relatively low battery pile of energy
Work(power is larger in charging, smaller in electric discharge, therefore under this trend after operation a period of time, it is possible to effectively reduce
Capacity volume variance between flow cell pile.
In this example, if current redox flow battery energy storage system 400 is in charged state, A1 work(is calculated according to formula 6
The charge power instruction of rate unit be 50* (1-0.04)=48kW, the charge power instructions of A4 power cells be 50* (1- (-
0.04) the charge power instruction of)=52kW, A2 and A3 power cell is 50kW, the charging instruction sum of four power cells of A phases
It is still 48+50+50+52=200kW, it is identical with the charge power of B phases and C phases instruction sum, but A1 power cells
Charging rate will be less than A4 power cells, the capacity volume variance of two power cells will diminish in charging process；If work as
Preceding redox flow battery energy storage system 400 is in discharge condition, then the discharge power instruction that A1 power cells are calculated according to formula 7 is
50* (1+0.04)=52kW, the discharge power instruction of A4 power cells is 50* (1+ (- 0.04))=48kW, A2 and A3 power list
The discharge power instruction of member is 50kW, and the electric discharge instruction sum of four power cells of A phases is still 48+50+50+52=200kW,
It is identical with the discharge power of B phases and C phases instruction sum, but the velocity of discharge of A1 power cells will be greater than A4 power lists
Member, the capacity volume variance of two power cells will diminish in discharge process.
After balancing energy, which controls, to be started, with the continuous service of energy-storage system, liquid stream electricity corresponding to each power cell
The capacity volume variance of pond pile will diminish, and after difference is less than setting value, balancing energy function will automatically exit from, therefore liquid stream
The energy of battery pile is the process in a relative equilibrium, and without absolute equilibrium, balancing energy function does not influence
Unit reactive power, remains in that 25kVar.
It can be seen that the balancing energy function of being provided in this example for flow cell pile, can avoid or reduce " wooden barrel effect
Should " limitation to redox flow battery energy storage system range of operation.
Cell controller 133 can monitor the real-time status of power cell 130, and the fault message in power cell 130 is led to
Cross optical fiber and be uploaded to master controller 140, master controller 140 also obtains liquid by communication interface from flow battery management system 440
The real-time status of galvanic battery pile 420, comprehensive descision currently whether there is the failure of power cell 130 or flow cell pile
420 failures.
For example, a certain moment master controller detects that A1 power cells or its corresponding flow cell pile 420 occur
Failure, i.e., redundant instruction is sent to A1 cell controllers and B1, C1 cell controller by optical fiber, cell controller 133 receives
Stop H-bridge circuit 131 after to redundant instruction at once to work, while control D.C. contactor 135 and A.C. contactor 134 from closure
Position goes off position, and A1, B1 and C1 power cell is out of service together.That is, in this embodiment, not only will
Power cell corresponding to the flow cell pile of failure is out of service, also respectively moves back a power cell under other phases
Go out, keep the quantity of power cell that is worked under each phase identical, so that the energy of flow cell pile corresponding to each phase
Amount is consistent.
Master controller 140 is according to remaining power cell quantity 12-3=9, the total wattful power sent with reference to console 430
Rate and total reactive power, recalculate the control instruction for being sent to each power cell 130, now P* cell=600/9=
66.67kW Q* cell=300/9=33.33kVar, the power instruction recalculated allow without departing from power cell 130
Limit value 100KVA, so continuing to send instruction to remaining power cell, maintain redox flow battery energy storage system 400 overall active
600kW, idle 300kVar running status.
It can be seen that fault redundance function, the power cell of failure (or can be connected to the supply of material of failure flow cell pile
Amount unit) cut off from redox flow battery energy storage system, improve the overall reliability and stability of redox flow battery energy storage system.
When redox flow battery energy storage system 400 needs out of service and converter plant to exit, master controller 140 is sent
The disjunction of instruction control main switch 110, auxiliary switch 151 keep disjunction, and the H bridges of power cell 130 are controlled by cell controller 133
Circuit 131 is stopped, and controls A.C. contactor 134 and D.C. contactor disjunction 135, so as to which three-phase alternating current power network (exchanges
End 410), converter plant 100 and flow cell pile 420 disconnect whole connections.
If redox flow battery energy storage system needs to access the power network of higher voltage grade and power is constant, it is only necessary to which adjustment is single
The original edge voltage and no-load voltage ratio of phase multiwinding transformer；, can be with if redox flow battery energy storage system needs bigger capacity
Expand the power of transformer and power cell, or the more transformer secondary windings of increase and power cell quantity.
In summary, technical scheme, flow cell pile feature can be agreed with, with flow cell pile pair
The power cell that should be set completes unsteady flow, and realizing high-low pressure by voltage transformation unit converts, and passes through main switch and main control
Device realizes the control to converter plant.The technical scheme can be realized and several flow cell piles while is connected, and be united
One energy conversion.
The foregoing is only a specific embodiment of the invention, under the above-mentioned teaching of the present invention, those skilled in the art
Other improvement or deformation can be carried out on the basis of above-described embodiment.It will be understood by those skilled in the art that above-mentioned tool
The purpose of the present invention is simply preferably explained in body description, and protection scope of the present invention should be defined by scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. converter plant, it is characterised in that the device is applied in redox flow battery energy storage system, including：Main switch, transformation Unit, one or more power cells, master controller；The input of the main switch is used to connect exchange end, the first end of the output end of the main switch and the voltage transformation unit It is connected, the control terminal of the main switch is connected with the master controller；Second end of the voltage transformation unit includes one or more interfaces, and the interface exchanges end phase with power cell Even；The DC terminal of the power cell is used to be connected with a flow cell pile；The voltage transformation unit is used to carry out high-low pressure conversion；The control terminal of the power cell is connected with the control terminal of the master controller, the control sent according to the master controller Instruction carries out ac-dc conversion.
- 2. device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the device also includes：Precharge unit, including the auxiliary switch of series connection and startup resistance, the input of the auxiliary switch are used to connect the exchange End, the control terminal of the auxiliary switch are connected with the master controller, the output of described one end and the auxiliary switch for starting resistance End is connected, and the other end is connected with the first end of the voltage transformation unit；The master controller, for behind the converter plant access exchange end, controlling the main switch to disconnect, controlling institute Auxiliary switch closure is stated, enters line precharge for the power cell；And after the completion of power cell precharge, described in control Auxiliary switch disconnects, and controls the main switch to close.
- 3. device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in thatThe voltage transformation unit includes one or more single-phase transformer, and the primary side of one or more single-phase transformer is described The first end of voltage transformation unit, the quantity of the single-phase transformer are identical with the current phase quantity at the exchange end；The quantity of the vice-side winding of one single-phase transformer is one or more, and each vice-side winding passes through the transformation respectively One interface at the end of unit second is connected with the first end of a power cell；Wherein, when the single-phase transformer Vice-side winding quantity for it is multiple when, the plurality of vice-side winding is separate.
- 4. device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the device also includes：AC voltage sensor, the alternating current The primary side of pressure sensor is used to connect the exchange end；The master controller is additionally operable to connect console, receives total active power and total reactive power that the console is sent, The unit active power and unit reactive power of each power cell are determined according to total active power and total reactive power, by it Sent as control instruction to each power cell；The power cell includes：H-bridge circuit, filter circuit and cell controller；The exchange end of the H-bridge circuit is connected with the interface at the second end of the voltage transformation unit, the DC terminal of the H-bridge circuit with The first end of the filter circuit is connected, and the second end of the LC filter circuits is used to be connected with a flow cell pile；The control terminal of the cell controller is connected with the control terminal of the master controller, the unit control of the cell controller End is connected with the control terminal of the H-bridge circuit；Secondary of the cell controller also with the AC voltage sensor is connected, for gathering the voltage U at the exchange ends, According to Us, the ac sensor no-load voltage ratio Kt, the voltage transformation unit no-load voltage ratio KpCalculate and connect on the end of voltage transformation unit second The voltage U of mouthcell；The cell controller is additionally operable to gather the voltage of the H-bridge circuit DC side, according to the electricity of the H-bridge circuit DC side Pressure calculates the voltage U of the power cell DC sidedc；And for according to Ucell、UdcThe control sent with the master controller System instruction, generates the pulse width modulation (PWM) signal to the H-bridge circuit, the pwm signal is sent into the H-bridge circuit.
- 5. device as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in thatThe power cell also includes：A.C. contactor, D.C. contactor, unit AC current sensor；The A.C. contactor is connected with the end that exchanges of the H-bridge circuit, so that the exchange end of the H-bridge circuit passes through the friendship Stream contactor with and the interface at the second end of the voltage transformation unit be connected, the control terminal of the A.C. contactor and the unit control Device connection processed；The D.C. contactor is connected with the second end of the filter circuit so that the second end of the filter circuit pass through it is described D.C. contactor is connected with the flow cell pile, and the control terminal of the D.C. contactor is connected with the cell controller；The master controller, it is additionally operable to after the main switch closes, issues the ac contactor controlled in each power cell The instruction of device and D.C. contactor closure；The primary side of the cell current sensor is connected with the A.C. contactor, the secondary of the cell current sensor and institute State cell controller to be connected, for gathering the ac-side current of the power cell；The cell controller, it is additionally operable to the ac-side current of the working condition and the power cell according to the H-bridge circuit Whether value, the power cell where judging the cell controller break down, and when breaking down by the power list at place Fault message in member is uploaded to the master controller；The master controller, it is additionally operable to connect flow battery management system, obtains the working condition of each flow cell pile；When connecing When receiving fault message that the cell controller sends and/or getting the malfunction of flow cell pile, to corresponding Power cell issues redundant instruction, so that the cell controller is stopped according to the redundant instruction, control H-bridge circuit, And the A.C. contactor and the D.C. contactor is controlled to disconnect；And adjustment sends to the control of other power cells and referred to Order.
- 6. device as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that the device also includes：Output current sensor, the primary side of the output current sensor is connected with the first end of the voltage transformation unit, described defeated The secondary for going out current sensor is connected with the secondary of the master controller；The master controller is used for the output current I for gathering the voltage transformation unit first endout；Secondary of the master controller also with the AC voltage sensor is connected, for gathering the voltage U at the exchange ends；With And for according to UsAnd Iout, the power output of the converter plant is calculated, is sent according to the power output and the console Total active power and total reactive power, adjustment be sent to the control instruction of each power cell.
- 7. device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in thatThe master controller, it is additionally operable to connect flow battery management system, obtains the state-of-charge SOC of each flow cell pile；The capacity volume variance degree of each flow cell pile is calculated according to the SOC of each flow cell pile, when a flow cell pile When capacity volume variance degree exceedes adjustment threshold value, the control instruction of corresponding power unit is sent to according to capacity volume variance degree adjustment；When the capacity volume variance degree of the flow cell pile is no longer than adjusting threshold value, no longer adjustment is sent to corresponding power unit Control instruction.
- 8. device as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in thatWhen the current phase at the exchange end has multiple, the liquid stream is calculated according to flow cell pile set corresponding to each phase The capacity volume variance degree of each flow cell pile in battery pile set.
- 9. a kind of redox flow battery energy storage system, it is characterised in that the system includes exchange end, several flow cell piles and such as Converter plant any one of claim 1-8.
- 10. system as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that the system also includes：Console and flow battery management system System；The flow battery management system is connected with each flow cell pile and the converter plant respectively, for gathering each liquid stream The working condition and SOC of battery pile；The console is connected with exchange end, the flow battery management system and the converter plant respectively, for obtaining State working condition, the working condition and SOC of the flow cell pile at exchange end；And the work shape according to the exchange end State, total active power of the working condition of the flow cell pile and the SOC calculating converter plant and total reactive power are simultaneously It is sent to the converter plant.
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