CN107476521A - 微晶无机保温装饰一体板 - Google Patents
微晶无机保温装饰一体板 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种微晶无机保温装饰一体板，包括以下步骤：步骤一，配制无机胶凝材料；步骤二，配制改性膨胀珍珠岩；步骤三，陶瓷面板背面涂覆浆料；步骤四，成型，改性膨胀珍珠岩自动进入模压一次成型机的布料系统定量布料于步骤三中无机胶凝材料形成的粘结层上；步骤五，压实将改性膨胀珍珠岩与陶瓷面板充分粘合模压一次成型；步骤六，微晶无机保温装饰一体板脱模上架。本发明的微晶无机保温装饰一体板采用模压一次成型工艺，一次成型工艺既提高了产品的稳定性能也节约了产品的生产成本，从而降低了产品成本，产品性价比优。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及建筑外墙技术领域，特别是一种模压一次成型的微晶无机保温装饰一体板。
背景技术
随着全球气候的变暖，世界各国对建筑节能的关注程度正日益增加。节能建筑成为建筑发展的必然趋势，绿色建筑也应运而生。我国也是制定一系列相关法律法规、政策等，大力推动绿色建筑的发展。 2013年1月6日，国务院发布了《国务院办公厅关于转发发展改革委、住房城乡建设部绿色建筑行动方案的通知》提出，十二五一期间完成新建绿色建筑10亿平方米，到2015年末20％的城镇新建建筑达到绿色建筑标准要求，同时还对十二五期间绿色建筑的方案、政策支持等予以明确。这都表明了我国努力推进绿色建筑的决心，也为发展绿色建筑作出了明确的指引方向。在国家建筑节能政策的推动下，凡冬暖夏热地区自2005年开始逐渐推行建筑墙体必须采用保温材料，而一度盛行的保温材料为无机保温砂浆，经过多年的使用，无机保温砂浆存在很多弊端(比如：行业无机保温砂浆材料质量及施工品质参差不齐、节能效果无法保障等)。自2015年开始国家针对冬暖夏热地区逐渐实行禁止使用保温砂浆政策并开始推行建筑墙体采用保温板，经过近三年的推行，因保温板品类多，有机保温板防火性能难以把控，国家对建筑节能大力推行的同时也高度重视建筑防火要求，并出台了更为严谨的建筑设计防火规范(GB50016-2014)，随着国家对节能减排的持续关注，加速了住宅产业化进程，国家大力推行建筑结构一体化、保温装饰一体化。
目前，传统保温装饰一体板采用的生产工艺为胶粘二次复合工艺二次复合工艺是将所需的保温层材料先通过保温板生产设备制备成成品保温板，保温板制备好后，再采用有机胶凝材料将保温板及装饰面板通过复合设备复合成型一体板，装饰面板如硅钙板等与保温板复合采用的粘合材料通常只能采用有机胶凝材料，有机胶凝材料在后期使用过程中易发生老化而导致装饰面板与保温层分层脱落；行业中用于生产膨胀珍珠岩保温板的膨胀珍珠岩强度普遍不高，生产过程中通常采用高压缩比的方式(采用2个立方米的膨胀珍珠岩压制成1个立方米的板材)来提高膨胀珍珠岩保温板的抗拉抗压强度，而此方式易将膨胀珍珠岩压碎，从而导致板材自身耐水耐冻融性能差、抗拉拨性能差、后期板材易粉化。
因此，有必要提供一种新的微晶无机保温装饰一体板及其制备方法来解决以上存在的问题。
发明内容
本发明实施例的目的在于提供一种模压一次成型的微晶无机保温装饰一体板及其制备方法，通过本发明制备出A级防火性能优异的微晶无机保温装饰一体板。
本发明通过以下技术方案实现：
微晶无机保温装饰一体板，包括以下步骤进行制备：
步骤一，配制无机胶凝材料，以水泥为主，辅以可再分散乳胶粉、纤维素醚、聚乙烯醇、改性聚氧化乙烯、有机硅等助剂按配比自动进入半成品搅拌设备中，经充分搅拌配制而成无机胶凝材料；
步骤二，配制改性膨胀珍珠岩，将配制好的无机胶凝材料定量自动输送至膨胀珍珠岩半成品搅拌设备中，并加入一定量的水将膨胀珍珠岩和无机胶凝材料进行充分搅拌直至无机胶凝材料包裹每颗膨胀珍珠岩颗粒，无机胶凝材料水化硬化后在膨胀珠岩表面形成一层高强度改性水泥基保护膜；
步骤三，陶瓷面板背面涂覆浆料，将市售陶瓷面板背面朝上自动输送至模压一次成型机的涂浆系统中，涂浆系统自动涂覆步骤一所得的无机胶凝材料至陶瓷面板的背面；涂覆完毕，陶瓷面板被自动输送至模压一次成型机的模具里。
步骤四，成型，改性膨胀珍珠岩自动进入模压一次成型机的布料系统定量布料于步骤三中无机胶凝材料形成的粘结层上；
步骤五，压实，模压系统启动，按照自动化控制系统选定的加压力，陶瓷面板与改性膨胀珍珠岩压实结合，无机胶凝材料在涂覆到陶瓷面板背面后直接进入模压环节，在无机胶凝材料未水化的情况下，已经与改性膨胀珍珠岩充分接触，将改性膨胀珍珠岩与陶瓷面板充分粘合模压一次成型；
步骤六，微晶无机保温装饰一体板脱模上架，并进入产成品恒温恒湿养护室进行养护；养护8小时后，包装入库。
下面对通过该制备工艺制作出来的产品进行描述：
微晶无机保温装饰一体板，它包括一层陶瓷面板层，以及直接与其结合的改性膨胀珍珠岩制品层。
进一步的，陶瓷面板层背面设置田字型、十字型或米字型等其他各种凸凹纹理形状。
进一步的，陶瓷面板四边与改性膨胀珍珠岩齐平。
本发明提供的一种模压一次成型的微晶无机保温装饰一体板，与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
本发明生产工艺中生产过程几乎无材料废料产生，节能环保；
本发明采用模压一次成型工艺，既提高了产品的稳定性能也节约了产品的生产成本，从而降低了产品成本，产品性价比优，可广泛应用于各类建筑，带动了更大的经济效益和社会效益；
本发明生产工艺中采用的粘合材料为无机胶凝材料且只有该模压一次成型工艺才适应采用无机胶凝材料，无机胶凝材料持久耐老化，采用无机胶凝材料包裹膨胀珍珠岩的生产工艺没有破坏膨胀珍珠岩的自身结构，保留了无机材料的优良性能，解决了膨胀珍珠岩本身强度不高的问题也解决了膨胀珍珠岩的吸水问题；
采用的完全不燃的A级防火保温材料膨胀珍珠岩，膨胀珍珠岩为无机材料，性能稳定，不会产生收缩及变形现象。
具体实施方式
下面将结合实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
实施例一
制备微晶无机保温装饰一体板，首先配制无机胶凝材料，在半成品搅拌设备中加入水泥100kg，可再分散乳胶粉10kg、纤维素醚1kg、聚乙烯醇2kg、改性聚氧化乙烯3kg、有机硅0.4kg、聚丙烯纤维1kg，经充分搅拌配制而成无机胶凝材料；
配制改性膨胀珍珠岩，将配制好的无机胶凝材料定量自动输送至膨胀珍珠岩半成品搅拌设备中，搅拌系统中加入水50kg、膨胀珍珠岩30kg和前述所制得的无机胶凝材料18kg进行充分搅拌直至无机胶凝材料包裹每颗膨胀珍珠岩颗粒，
陶瓷面板背面涂覆浆料，将市售陶瓷面板(本实施例选用 600mm*900mm规格的陶瓷面板，背面具有凸凹纹理)自动输送至模压一次成型机的涂浆系统，陶瓷面板背面朝上；然后将无机胶凝材料 0.5kg(根据陶瓷面板的面积来定量无机胶凝材料，1平米约涂覆1kg左右)均匀平铺在陶瓷面板背面，通过模压一次成型机涂浆系统自动涂覆无机胶凝材料至陶瓷面板的背面；涂覆完毕，陶瓷面板被自动输送至模压一次成型机的模具里。
接着成型，改性膨胀珍珠岩40L(一体板保温层设计厚度为50MM 厚时)自动进入模压一次成型机的布料系统定量布料于无机胶凝材料在陶瓷面板背面形成的粘结层上，形成整体；
最后压实，模压系统启动，按照自动化控制系统选定的加压力，陶瓷面板与改性膨胀珍珠岩结合形成的整体再次压实成型，作成板材初坯，接着进行养护；养护8小时后，即得微晶无机保温装饰一体板。
经检测，检测结果如下表。该实施例一的微晶无机保温装饰一体板综合性能优于市面上的优质保温装饰一体板，防火A级不燃、抗拉抗压强度高、保温隔热性能好、耐老化耐冻融。
本发明的微晶无机保温装饰一体板采用模压一次成型工艺，一次成型工艺既提高了产品的稳定性能也节约了产品的生产成本，从而降低了产品成本，产品性价比优。而且，在整个模压一次成型工艺中，无机胶凝材料完全包裹膨胀珍珠岩，无机胶凝材料水化硬化后在膨胀珍珠岩表面形成一层高强度改性水泥基保护膜，大大提高了微晶无机保温装饰一体板的板体强度、安全性能好、保温隔热性能好、保温材料吸水率低；微晶无机保温装饰一体板持久耐用、耐水、耐冻融、耐老化，而且施工简便，一次施工即可实现对建筑物的保温和外立面装饰；产品在工厂批量生产后现场安装且无需现场裁切，减少现场切割环节，节约了施工成本并保护了现场施工环境。
以上所述仅为本发明的实施例，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是利用本发明说明书内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其它相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。
Claims (7)
1.一种微晶无机保温装饰一体板，其特征在于，包括以下步骤进行制备：
步骤一，配制无机胶凝材料，以水泥为主，辅以可再分散乳胶粉、纤维素醚、聚乙烯醇、改性聚氧化乙烯、有机硅助剂按一定配比自动进入半成品搅拌设备中，经充分搅拌配制而成无机胶凝材料；
步骤二，配制改性膨胀珍珠岩，将步骤一中配制好的无机胶凝材料定量自动输送至膨胀珍珠岩半成品搅拌设备中，并加入一定量的水将膨胀珍珠岩和无机胶凝材料进行充分搅拌直至无机胶凝材料包裹每颗膨胀珍珠岩颗粒，无机胶凝材料水化硬化后在膨胀珠岩表面形成一层高强度改性水泥基保护膜；
步骤三，陶瓷面板背面涂覆浆料，将市售陶瓷面板背面朝上自动输送至模压一次成型机的涂浆系统中，涂浆系统自动涂覆步骤一所得的无机胶凝材料至陶瓷面板的背面；涂覆完毕，陶瓷面板被自动输送至模压一次成型机的模具里；
步骤四，初步成型，改性膨胀珍珠岩自动进入模压一次成型机的布料系统定量布料于步骤三中无机胶凝材料形成的粘结层上；
步骤五，压实，模压系统启动，按照自动化控制系统选定的加压力，陶瓷面板与改性膨胀珍珠岩压实结合，无机胶凝材料在涂覆到陶瓷面板背面后直接进入模压环节，在无机胶凝材料未水化的情况下，已经与改性膨胀珍珠岩充分接触，将改性膨胀珍珠岩与陶瓷面板充分粘合模压一次成型；
步骤六，微晶无机保温装饰一体板脱模上架，并进入产成品恒温恒湿养护室进行养护；养护8-9小时后，得到微晶无机保温装饰一体板产品，包装入库。
2.根据权利要求1所述微晶无机保温装饰一体板，其特征在于，所述步骤一中物料的重量份数组成包括水泥95-105、可再分散乳胶粉8-12、纤维素醚0.8-1.2、聚乙烯醇1.8-2.2、改性聚氧化乙烯2.8-3.2、有机硅助剂0.2-0.5、聚丙烯纤维0.8-1.2。
3.根据权利要求1所述微晶无机保温装饰一体板，其特征在于，所述步骤二中物料的重量百分比膨胀珍珠岩25-35％、无机胶凝材料15-20％，其余水补齐。
4.根据权利要求1所述微晶无机保温装饰一体板，其特征在于，所述步骤三陶瓷面板上涂覆无机胶凝材料的量为1kg/m2。
5.根据权利要求1-3所述微晶无机保温装饰一体板，其特征在于，所述微晶无机保温装饰一体板产品包括一层陶瓷面板层，以及直接与其结合的改性膨胀珍珠岩制品层。
6.根据权利要求5所述微晶无机保温装饰一体板，其特征在于，所述陶瓷面板层背面为田字型、十字型、米字型或其他凸凹纹理结构。
7.根据权利要求6所述微晶无机保温装饰一体板，其特征在于，陶瓷面板四边与改性膨胀珍珠岩齐平。
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