CN107475589B - Mg-L a-Zr rare earth magnesium-based alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Mg-L a-Zr rare earth magnesium-based alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses Mg-L a-Zr rare earth magnesium-based alloy and a preparation method thereof, wherein the alloy preparation takes L a blocks with the purity of 99.9wt.%, Zr blocks with the purity of 99.95wt.%, Mg blocks with the purity of 99.99wt.% and trace Hf blocks with the purity of 99.9wt.% as raw materials, Mg-L a-Zr alloy casting components comprise L a with the content of 1.1-4.22 wt.%, Zr with the content of 0.45-0.50 wt.%, Hf with the content of 0.05-0.1 wt.%, and the balance of Mg and inevitable impurities in percentage by weight, and the Mg-L a-Zr alloy is smelted by adopting a medium-frequency induction smelting furnace with atmosphere protection, wherein the Mg-L a-Zr alloy prepared by the invention has the heat conductivity of more than 110W/(m.K) at 25 ℃, the tensile strength of more than 180MPa, the elongation of 25%, and has good heat dispersion and mechanical properties.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a magnesium alloy material and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a rare earth magnesium base alloy and a preparation method thereof, which are applied to the technical field of nonferrous metallurgy.
Background
With the rapid development of science and technology, the consumption of metal materials is increasing day by day. The magnesium alloy as a new light metal structure material has the advantages of high specific strength and specific rigidity, low density, good electromagnetic shielding effect, good dimensional stability, excellent machining performance and the like, and increasingly attracts attention and research of people. In recent years, with the increasingly wide application of magnesium alloys in the fields of automobile manufacturing, aerospace, electronic communication, biomedicine and the like, increasingly higher requirements are put forward on the performance of the magnesium alloys.
In engineering application, the heat conducting performance of materials is often higher, and especially, the heat dissipation device has higher requirements on the materials so as to improve the service life and the working stability of products. Pure magnesium has good heat conduction performance, the room-temperature thermal conductivity of the pure magnesium is 156W/(m.K), and the pure magnesium is inferior to copper and aluminum in common commercial metal materials, but the density of the magnesium is 1.78g/cm3Based on the above advantages, the development of light magnesium alloy as a radiator and other materials with high requirements on heat conduction and heat dissipation performance can achieve the effect of reducing weight, and has good application prospect, and the alloying in the magnesium alloy is beneficial to improving the mechanical property and corrosion resistance of the magnesium alloy, and the alloy elements in the magnesium alloy mainly comprise rare earth elements including L a, Sm, Nd, Gd, Ce and the like, alkaline earth elements including Sr, Ca, Ba and the like, and other alloy elements including Al, Ba and the like,At present, in the research on heat-dissipating magnesium alloys, Chinese patent application No. 200710121457.8 discloses a heat-conducting magnesium alloy and a preparation method thereof, wherein the magnesium alloy comprises 2.5-11 wt% of Zn, 0.15-1.5 wt% of Zr, 0-2.5 wt% of Ag, 0.3-3.5 wt% of Ce, 0-1.5 wt% of Nd, 0-2.5 wt% of L a, 0-0.5 wt% of Pr, Nd, L a and Pr are simultaneously zero or not zero, and the balance is Mg., the magnesium alloy has a tensile strength of about 125 W.K/(MPa.K) at 20 ℃, and the tensile strength is limited by the application of rare earth elements such as high heat-dissipating magnesium alloy and high heat conductivity.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems of the prior art, the invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide the Mg-L a-Zr rare earth magnesium-based alloy and the preparation method thereof, the method for preparing the heat dissipation magnesium alloy has simple process and low cost, the Mg-L a-Zr rare earth magnesium-based alloy has excellent heat dissipation performance and mechanical property, the heat conductivity coefficient of the cast magnesium alloy material is more than 110W/(m.K) at 25 ℃, the tensile strength is more than 180MPa, the elongation can reach 25 percent, the high requirements of parts such as communication, automobiles and the like on the heat dissipation material can be met, and the application field of the magnesium alloy is expanded.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the Mg-L a-Zr rare earth magnesium-based alloy comprises, by mass, L a of 1.1-4.22 wt.%, Zr of 0.45-0.5 wt.%, Hf of 0.05-0.1 wt.%, and the balance of Mg and inevitable impurities.
The preferable technical scheme of the invention is that the content of L a is 2.00-4.22 wt.%, the content of Zr is 0.48-0.5 wt.%, and the content of Hf is 0.08-0.1 wt.%.
The invention discloses a preparation method of Mg-L a-Zr rare earth magnesium-based alloy, which comprises the following steps:
a. preparing raw materials:
weighing the raw materials according to the weight percentage of the Mg-L a-Zr alloy prepared by the target, wherein for the Mg-L a-Zr alloy prepared by the target, the L a content is 1.1-4.22 wt.%, the Zr content is 0.45-0.5 wt.%, the Hf content is 0.05-0.1 wt.%, and the balance is Mg and inevitable impurities, and using L a blocks with the purity of 99.9wt.%, Zr blocks with the purity of 99.95wt.%, Mg blocks with the purity of 99.99wt.% and trace Hf blocks with the purity of 99.9wt.% as alloy raw materials for later use;
b. an alloy smelting process comprises the following steps:
putting the Mg blocks weighed in the step a into a crucible of a medium-frequency induction melting furnace, and starting SF when the temperature is raised to at least 350 DEG C6And N2Heating the mixed gas protective gas to be not higher than 650 ℃, adding L a blocks, Zr blocks and Hf blocks weighed in the step a, melting the raw materials to obtain an alloy melt, uniformly stirring the alloy melt to uniformly distribute all alloy elements in the alloy melt, and adopting SF to smelt the alloy6The gas is used as protective gas;
c. solidification of the alloy:
and c, casting the alloy melt prepared in the step b into a mould to obtain an alloy casting.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following obvious and prominent substantive characteristics and remarkable advantages:
1. the preparation method of the alloy has low cost, simple and stable process, and can reduce shrinkage cavity and segregation of the magnesium alloy casting;
2. the rare earth magnesium alloy with excellent heat dissipation performance and good mechanical property is prepared by the method, and due to the addition of the rare earth element and other alloy elements with specific components, the fine crystal strengthening effect is obvious, so that the heat dissipation performance is higher than that of the traditional magnesium alloy, the mechanical strength is also improved, and the rare earth magnesium alloy is suitable for wide popularization and application;
3. the Mg-L a-Zr alloy prepared by the invention has the thermal conductivity coefficient of more than 110W/(m.K) at 25 ℃, the tensile strength of more than 180MPa, the elongation of 25 percent, and good heat dissipation performance and mechanical property.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an SEM photograph of the microstructure of an Mg-1.1L a-0.45Zr alloy according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an SEM photograph of the microstructure of a DiMg-4.22L a-0.5Zr alloy according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The above-described scheme is further illustrated below with reference to specific embodiments, which are detailed below:
the first embodiment is as follows:
in this embodiment, the Mg-L a-Zr rare earth magnesium-based alloy comprises, by mass, L a of 1.1 wt.%, Zr of 0.45 wt.%, Hf of 0.05 wt.%, and the balance of Mg and inevitable impurities, in which the Mg-1.1L a-0.45Zr rare earth magnesium-based alloy of this embodiment has both excellent heat dissipation performance and mechanical properties, and the method for preparing the Mg-L a-Zr rare earth magnesium-based alloy of the present invention comprises the following steps:
a. preparing raw materials:
weighing the raw materials according to the weight percentage of the Mg-L a-Zr alloy prepared by the target, wherein for the Mg-L a-Zr alloy prepared by the target, the L a content is 1.1 wt.%, the Zr content is 0.45 wt.%, the Hf content is 0.05 wt.%, and the balance is Mg and inevitable impurities, L a blocks with the purity of 99.9wt.%, Zr blocks with the purity of 99.95wt.%, Mg blocks with the purity of 99.99wt.% and trace Hf blocks with the purity of 99.9wt.% are taken as alloy raw materials for standby;
b. an alloy smelting process comprises the following steps:
putting the Mg blocks weighed in the step a into a crucible of a medium-frequency induction melting furnace, and starting SF when the temperature is raised to 350 DEG C6And N2The mixed gas of (1) adopts SF6Taking gas as protective gas, heating to 650 ℃, adding L a blocks, Zr blocks and Hf blocks weighed in the step a, melting the raw materials to obtain an alloy melt, and uniformly stirring the alloy melt to uniformly distribute all alloy elements in the alloy melt;
c. solidification of the alloy:
and c, casting the alloy melt prepared in the step b into a mould to obtain a Mg-1.1L a-0.45Zr alloy casting.
The Mg-1.1L a-0.45Zr alloy casting prepared in the embodiment is tested and analyzed by mechanical property and thermophysical property tests, and the obtained performance parameters are shown in the following table 1:
TABLE 1 comparison of properties of magnesium alloy prepared in the first example with those of pure magnesium
As shown in Table 1, the physical property parameters of the Mg-1.1L a-0.45Zr alloy prepared in the first comparative example and pure magnesium show that the Mg-1.1L a-0.45Zr alloy prepared in the first example has better strength and plasticity than the pure magnesium alloy, has a thermal conductivity coefficient close to that of the pure magnesium, has excellent heat dissipation performance and mechanical properties, excellent comprehensive physical properties and lower preparation cost, and FIG. 1 is an SEM (scanning electron microscope) picture of the microstructure of the Mg-1.1L a-0.45Zr alloy of the first example, the primary phase of the Mg-1.1L a-0.45Zr alloy is Mg, and L aMg is formed12The rare earth element L a can not only produce precipitation strengthening effect in magnesium alloy, but also form intermetallic compound to produce grain boundary strengthening effect, Zr can play fine crystal strengthening effect to improve the high temperature mechanical property of magnesium alloy obviously, at the same time, L a and Zr are added to make the fine crystal strengthening effect more obvious, Hf is used as the additive element for manufacturing magnesium base material, which has the characteristics of improving ductility, oxidation resistance and high temperature resistance.
Example two:
this embodiment is substantially the same as the first embodiment, and is characterized in that:
in the embodiment, the Mg-L a-Zr rare earth magnesium-based alloy comprises, by mass, L a of 4.22wt.%, Zr of 0.5wt.%, Hf of 0.1wt.%, and the balance of Mg and inevitable impurities, wherein Mg-4.22L a-0.5Zr rare earth magnesium-based alloy has excellent heat dissipation performance and mechanical properties.
The invention discloses a preparation method of Mg-L a-Zr rare earth magnesium-based alloy, which comprises the following steps:
a. preparing raw materials:
weighing the raw materials according to the weight percentage of the Mg-L a-Zr alloy prepared by the target, wherein for the Mg-L a-Zr alloy prepared by the target, the L a content is 4.22wt.%, the Zr content is 0.5wt.%, the Hf content is 0.1wt.%, and the balance is Mg and inevitable impurities, L a blocks with the purity of 99.9wt.%, Zr blocks with the purity of 99.95wt.%, Mg blocks with the purity of 99.99wt.% and trace Hf blocks with the purity of 99.9wt.% are taken as alloy raw materials for standby;
b. an alloy smelting process comprises the following steps:
putting the Mg blocks weighed in the step a into a crucible of a medium-frequency induction melting furnace, and starting SF when the temperature is raised to 350 DEG C6And N2The mixed gas of (1) adopts SF6Taking gas as protective gas, heating to 650 ℃, adding L a blocks, Zr blocks and Hf blocks weighed in the step a, melting the raw materials to obtain an alloy melt, and uniformly stirring the alloy melt to uniformly distribute all alloy elements in the alloy melt;
c. solidification of the alloy:
and c, casting the alloy melt prepared in the step b into a mould to obtain a Mg-4.22L a-0.5Zr alloy casting.
The Mg-4.22L a-0.5Zr alloy casting prepared in the embodiment is tested and analyzed by mechanical property and thermophysical property tests, and the obtained performance parameters are shown in the following table 2:
TABLE 2 comparison of properties of the magnesium alloy prepared in EXAMPLE II with those of pure magnesium
As shown in Table 2, it can be seen from the physical property parameters of the Mg-4.22L a-0.5Zr alloy prepared in the second comparative example and the pure magnesium that the Mg-4.22L a-0.5Zr alloy prepared in the second example has better strength and plasticity than the pure magnesium alloy, and has a thermal conductivity coefficient close to that of the pure magnesium, and has excellent propertiesFIG. 2 is an SEM photograph of a microstructure of an alloy of example II Mg-4.22L a-0.5Zr, a primary phase of the alloy Mg-4.22L a-0.5Zr forms L aMg12The rare earth element L a can not only produce the function of precipitation strengthening in the magnesium alloy, but also form intermetallic compound and produce the function of strengthening the grain boundary, Zr can play the function of fine grain strengthening and thus can improve the high-temperature mechanical property of the magnesium alloy apparently, add L a and Zr to make the function of fine grain strengthening more apparent at the same time, Hf is as the additive element to make magnesium base material, have improved ductility, inoxidizability and high-temperature resistant characteristic.
Example three:
this embodiment is substantially the same as the previous embodiment, and is characterized in that:
in the embodiment, the Mg-L a-Zr rare earth magnesium-based alloy comprises, by mass, L a of 2.00 wt.%, Zr of 0.48wt.%, Hf of 0.08wt.%, and the balance of Mg and inevitable impurities, wherein Mg-2L a-0.48Zr rare earth magnesium-based alloy has excellent heat dissipation performance and mechanical properties.
The invention discloses a preparation method of Mg-L a-Zr rare earth magnesium-based alloy, which comprises the following steps:
a. preparing raw materials:
weighing the raw materials according to the weight percentage of the Mg-L a-Zr alloy prepared by the target, wherein the content of L a in the Mg-L a-Zr alloy prepared by the target is 2.00 wt.%, the content of Zr is 0.48wt.%, the content of Hf is 0.08wt.%, and the balance is Mg and inevitable impurities, wherein L a blocks with the purity of 99.9wt.%, Zr blocks with the purity of 99.95wt.%, Mg blocks with the purity of 99.99wt.% and trace Hf blocks with the purity of 99.9wt.% are taken as alloy raw materials for standby;
b. an alloy smelting process comprises the following steps:
putting the Mg blocks weighed in the step a into a crucible of a medium-frequency induction melting furnace, and starting SF when the temperature is raised to 350 DEG C6And N2Mixed gas ofGas shielding gas, using SF6Taking gas as protective gas, heating to 650 ℃, adding L a blocks, Zr blocks and Hf blocks weighed in the step a, melting the raw materials to obtain an alloy melt, and uniformly stirring the alloy melt to uniformly distribute all alloy elements in the alloy melt;
c. solidification of the alloy:
and c, casting the alloy melt prepared in the step b into a mould to obtain a Mg-4.22L a-0.5Zr alloy casting.
The Mg-2L a-0.48Zr alloy casting prepared in the embodiment is tested and analyzed by mechanical property and thermophysical property tests, and the obtained performance parameters are shown in the following table 3:
TABLE 3 comparison of properties of magnesium alloy prepared in EXAMPLE III with those of pure magnesium
As shown in Table 3, the physical property parameters of the Mg-2L a-0.48Zr alloy prepared in the third comparative example and pure magnesium show that the Mg-2L a-0.48Zr alloy prepared in the second example has better strength and plasticity than the pure magnesium alloy, has a thermal conductivity coefficient close to that of the pure magnesium, has excellent heat dissipation performance and mechanical property, excellent comprehensive physical property and lower preparation cost, and the primary phase of the Mg-2L a-0.48Zr alloy is Mg to form L aMg12The rare earth element L a can not only produce precipitation strengthening effect in magnesium alloy, but also form intermetallic compound to produce grain boundary strengthening effect, Zr can play fine crystal strengthening effect to improve the high temperature mechanical property of magnesium alloy obviously, at the same time, L a and Zr are added to make the fine crystal strengthening effect more obvious, Hf is used as the additive element for manufacturing magnesium base material, which has the characteristics of improving ductility, oxidation resistance and high temperature resistance.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes may be made according to the purpose of the invention, and any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations or simplifications made according to the spirit and principle of the technical solution of the present invention should be equivalent substitution ways, so long as the object of the present invention is met, and the invention is within the protection scope of the present invention without departing from the technical principle and inventive concept of the Mg-L a-Zr rare earth magnesium base alloy and the preparation method thereof.
Claims (3)
1. The Mg-L a-Zr rare earth magnesium-based alloy is characterized in that the mass percentage of alloy components is that L a content is 1.1-4.22 wt.%, Zr content is 0.45-0.5 wt.%, Hf content is 0.05-0.1 wt.%, and the balance is Mg and inevitable impurities, and a structure obtained by induction melting and casting contains primary Mg and eutectic L aMg12And Mg; the tensile strength of the alloy is improved to 181-203 MPa, and the alloy has good elongation of 17.8-25% and thermal conductivity of 110-133W/(m.K).
2. The Mg-L a-Zr rare earth magnesium-based alloy according to claim 1, wherein when the content of L a is 1.1-2 wt.%, the content of Zr is 0.45-0.48 wt.%, and the content of Hf is 0.05-0.08 wt.%, after induction melting solidification, the tensile strength and elongation of the alloy are respectively increased to 181-190 MPa and 17.8-25%, and the alloy has better thermal conductivity of 125-133W/(m.K).
3. A method for preparing Mg-L a-Zr rare earth Mg-based alloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the alloy preparation comprises the following steps:
a. preparing raw materials:
weighing the raw materials according to the weight percentage of the Mg-L a-Zr alloy prepared by the target, wherein for the Mg-L a-Zr alloy prepared by the target, the L a content is 1.1-4.22 wt.%, the Zr content is 0.45-0.5 wt.%, the Hf content is 0.05-0.1 wt.%, and the balance is Mg and inevitable impurities, and using L a blocks with the purity of 99.9wt.%, Zr blocks with the purity of 99.95wt.%, Mg blocks with the purity of 99.99wt.% and trace Hf blocks with the purity of 99.9wt.% as alloy raw materials for later use;
b. an alloy smelting process comprises the following steps:
putting the Mg blocks weighed in the step a into a crucible of a medium-frequency induction smelting furnaceIn the crucible, when the temperature is raised to at least 350 ℃, SF is opened6And N2Heating the mixed gas protective gas to be not higher than 650 ℃, adding L a blocks, Zr blocks and Hf blocks weighed in the step a, melting the raw materials to obtain an alloy melt, and uniformly stirring the alloy melt to uniformly distribute all alloy elements in the alloy melt;
c. solidification of the alloy:
and c, casting the alloy melt prepared in the step b into a mould to obtain an alloy casting.
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