CN107475571A - A kind of high-volume fractional nano alumina particles enhancing aluminium-based powder composite and preparation method - Google Patents
A kind of high-volume fractional nano alumina particles enhancing aluminium-based powder composite and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107475571A CN107475571A CN201710691159.6A CN201710691159A CN107475571A CN 107475571 A CN107475571 A CN 107475571A CN 201710691159 A CN201710691159 A CN 201710691159A CN 107475571 A CN107475571 A CN 107475571A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/001—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides
- C22C32/0015—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides with only single oxides as main non-metallic constituents
- C22C32/0036—Matrix based on Al, Mg, Be or alloys thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
- B22F2009/041—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling by mechanical alloying, e.g. blending, milling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
- B22F2009/043—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling by ball milling
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- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of high-volume fractional nano alumina particles enhancing aluminium-based powder composite and preparation method, it is characterised in that：Its preparing raw material is Al alloy powder and nanometer Al2O3Powder；Preparation method is first, by nanometer Al2O3Powder wet-milling makes its scattered opening, carries out wet-milling after then Al alloy powder is mixed with reinforcement slurry again, then dries the powder obtained by ball milling, finally by the further high-energy ball milling of the mixed-powder of aluminum oxide reinforcement and Al alloy powder, obtain required composite powder.It is provided by the invention：Nanometer Al2O3Reinforcement is forced scattered and is efficiently entering inside alloy powder particles in the composite powder of reinforcement and Al alloy powder, forms a kind of high-volume fractional nano alumina particles enhancing aluminium-based powder composite.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of composite powder material technology, specifically a kind of high-volume fractional nano alumina particles
Strengthen aluminium-based powder composite and preparation method.
Background technology
The nanoscale reinforcement of even dispersion distribution is introduced in aluminum substrate, the composite of gained can often show
More preferably mechanical property and the performance such as conduction, heat conduction, wear-resisting, anti-corrosion, high temperature resistant, anti-oxidant.Aluminum oxide（Al2O3）Cause
It has good physical chemistry, machinery and hot property, is preferable enhancing phase, is that numerous scholars are of interest.Nano particle energy
Significantly improve modulus of elasticity, yield strength, wear resistence and the high temperature creep of matrix in the case where keeping lower content, thus gradually by
To attention.But nano composite material is prepared by traditional technique and has that nano particle is easily reunited, content is not high, technique is multiple
The problems such as miscellaneous, shaping is limited causes the potentiality that the performance of aluminum-base nano composite material improves to be greatly affected.
Technology of preparing is that metal-base composites obtains good complex effect, and playing matrix, each performance is excellent with reinforcement
Gesture, realize the key of composite material high performance.Interface cohesion between reinforcement and matrix, reinforcement distribution are surrounded in the world
The compound technology of preparing that even property and tissue have carried out a large amount of systems with key technical problems such as defects controllings is specialized in, shape
Into the preparation method for preparing high-performance metal based composites, such as powder metallurgic method, pressure infiltration method, stirring casting method, squeeze
Press casting, altogether spray deposition etc..Among these, powder metallurgic method be developed and apply earliest prepare metal-based compound material
The method of material, powder metallurgic method technological temperature is relatively low, can effectively prevent crystal grain from growing up and bad interfacial reaction, reinforcement body
Fraction can be in interior regulation in a big way.Existing technology of preparing causes alumina particle to be distributed in aluminum alloy surface mostly,
It is difficult to the nano alumina particles enhancing aluminium-based powder composite for obtaining high-volume fractional, and wet-milling+high-energy ball milling can allow oxidation
Alumina particles are forced scattered and are efficiently entering inside alloy powder particles, form the high body that reinforcement is dispersed in inside alloyed powder
Product composite powder.
The performance of aluminum matrix composite prepared by existing technical method is all difficult to meet development of modern industry to high-performance
The demand of aluminum matrix composite.Thus, the limitation of original technology how is broken through, more preferable preparation method is found and is answered to improve aluminium base
The performance of condensation material, is the important development direction of aluminum matrix composite, and this area forward position scholar endeavours the master of research always
Want problem.
The content of the invention
A kind of the problem of present invention is for existing enhancing composite powder material technical deficiency, there is provided high-volume fractional nano oxygen
Change the preparation method of alumina particles enhancing aluminium-based powder composite.The technology passes through one kind " nanometer Al2O3Wet-milling-nanometer of powder
Al2O3Powder and Al alloy powder Wet blend-milling-nanometer Al2O3The preparation method of powder and Al alloy powder high-energy ball milling ", makes nanometer
Alumina particle is uniformly dispersed with metallic particles.This method with preparation technology it is simple, it is environmentally friendly, with scale application
The features such as potentiality, suitable for there is the fields such as the Aero-Space of light-weight high-strength material demand and automobile making.
A kind of high-volume fractional nano alumina particles strengthen aluminium-based powder composite, it is characterized in that it is by Al alloy powder and receives
Rice Al2O3Powder is prepared；Wherein, nanometer Al2O3Percent by volume shared by powder：2~5vol.%, remaining is Al alloy powder, respectively
The percent by volume sum of component is 100%.
The two of technical scheme are：
A kind of preparation method of high-volume fractional nano alumina particles enhancing aluminium-based powder composite, it is characterized in that it mainly includes
Following steps：
（1）Nanometer Al2O3The wet-milling of powder：Press composition preparation of nano Al2O3Powder, it is put into ball grinder and adds alcohol, be placed in ball mill
It is interior with certain ball milling parameter ball milling, obtain a nanometer Al2O3Slurry；
（2）Al alloy powder and nanometer Al2O3The Wet blend-milling of powder：Take Al alloy powder and step（1）Nanometer Al2O3Slurry mixes,
It is put into ball grinder and adds alcohol, is placed in ball mill with certain ball milling parameter ball milling, obtains alloyed powder and mixed with alumina particle
Close slurry；
（3）Dry：By step（2）In alloyed powder after obtained ball milling be put into alumina particle mixed slurry in drying box,
Dried with the temperature and time of setting, obtain the dried powder that alloyed powder mixes with reinforcement particle；
（4）The high-energy ball milling of alloyed powder and aluminum oxide dried powder：Take step（3）In alloyed powder mix with alumina particle
Dried powder is put into ball grinder, is placed in ball mill with certain ball milling parameter ball milling, obtains nano alumina particles enhancing aluminium base
Composite powder.
Described step（1）With（2）The milling parameters of wet-milling be：Ratio of grinding media to material (6 ~ 8):1,250 ± 50r/min balls
Few 12 h are milled to, 10 ± 5min is shut down per ball milling 50min.
Described step（3）Drying means be：Mixed slurry after ball milling is put into beaker and is placed in drying box, with dry
Dry case is incubated at least 4 h after being warming up to 90 ~ 110 DEG C.
Described step（4）The milling parameters of high-energy ball milling be：Ratio of grinding media to material (6 ~ 8):1,300 ± 50r/min balls
Few 12 h are milled to, 10 ± 5min is shut down per ball milling 50min.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
（1）The present invention innovatively proposes a kind of preparation side for the high volume composite powder that reinforcement is dispersed in inside alloyed powder
Method, a nanometer Al is made by wet-milling in enhancing body portion2O3It is scattered to open, in the composite powder stage, pass through a step wet-milling and step height
Energy ball milling, reinforcement are forced scattered and are efficiently entering inside alloy powder particles, form reinforcement and are dispersed in alloyed powder
The high volume composite powder in portion.
（2）A kind of preparation method of high-volume fractional nano alumina particles enhancing aluminium-based powder composite provided by the invention
Simple to operate, easy realization, economical.
（3）The present invention is applicable not only to a nanometer Al2O3With the preparation of the composite powder of aluminium alloy, a nanometer Al is applied also for2O3
With the preparation of the composite powder of other alloyed powders.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the Technology Roadmap of the preparation method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is 2vol.% nanometers Al in comparative example of the present invention2O3With the microscopic structure of the composite powder of 98vol.% aluminium alloys.
Fig. 3 is 4vol.% nanometers Al in the embodiment of the present invention2O3With the microscopic structure of the composite powder of 96vol.% aluminium alloys.
Embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, but the present invention not only limits
In embodiment.
Embodiment one.
As shown in Figure 2,3.
A kind of reinforcement is dispersed in the high volume composite powder inside alloyed powder：4vol.% nanometers Al2O3Reinforcement with
The preparation method of the composite powder of 96vol.% Al alloy powders：
4vol.% nanometers Al is configured first2O3（2.04g）, by ratio of grinding media to material 8:1 weighing 16.32g agate balls are placed in 500 ml nylon
In ball grinder, then powder is placed in nylon ball grinder and adds suitable alcohols（Purity is 99%）, beginning ball milling is sealed,
Ball milling parameter is arranged to 250 r/min, and ball milling 50min shuts down 10 min, after the h of ball milling 12, obtains Al2O3The slurry of reinforcement；
Then, 96vol.% is taken（37.96g）Al alloy powder（0.5~1 micron of particle diameter）With 2.04g nanometer Al2O3Enhancing
Body mixes, by ratio of grinding media to material 6:1 weighing 240g agate balls are placed in 500 ml nylon ball grinders, then will be weighed and be well mixed and be mixed
Slurry is closed to be placed in nylon ball grinder and add suitable alcohols（Purity is 99%）, beginning ball milling is sealed, ball milling parameter is set
For 250 r/min, ball milling 50min shuts down 10 min, after the h of ball milling 12, obtains matrix and the mixed slurry of reinforcement；
3rd step, the mixed slurry of the matrix of taking-up and reinforcement is placed in 100 DEG C of 4 h of drying in drying box, obtains required base
Body and reinforcement mixed powder；
Finally, the mixed powder obtained by upper step is placed in beaker and stirred, by ratio of grinding media to material 6:1 weighing 240g agate balls are placed in
In 500 ml nylon ball grinders, then mixed-powder is placed in nylon ball grinder, seals beginning ball milling, ball milling parameter is arranged to
After 300 r/min, ball milling 50min shutdown 10 min, the h of ball milling 12, required composite powder is obtained；
Using 4vol.% nanometers Al made from above-mentioned steps2O3Reinforcement and reinforcement in the composite powder of 96vol.% Al alloy powders
It is uniformly dispersed, Fig. 3 is 4vol.% nanometers Al in this example2O3The composite powder wet-milling of reinforcement and 96vol.% Al alloy powders+enter one
The shape appearance figure after high-energy ball milling is walked, through analysis, reinforcement is forced scattered and is efficiently entering in alloy powder particles after high-energy ball milling
Portion, form the high volume composite powder that reinforcement is dispersed in inside alloyed powder.
Comparative example.
As shown in Figure 2.
2vol.% nanometers Al2O3Reinforcement and the preparation method of the composite powder of 98vol.% Al alloy powders：
The present embodiment and embodiment 1 are similar, and difference is nanometer Al2O3The volume fraction of reinforcement is by 4vol.%
（2.04 g）It is reduced to 2vol.%（1.02 g）, correspondingly, the volume fraction of alloy matrix aluminum powder is by 96vol.%（37.96 g）
Increase to 98vol.%（38.98 g）.Reduce final step high-energy ball milling in addition, alloyed powder mixes with the only wet-milling of reinforcement powder
Close.
Using nanometer Al made from above-mentioned steps2O3The composite powder uneven components of reinforcement and Al alloy powder, Fig. 2 are
The 2vol.% nanometers Al of gained after the present embodiment only wet-milling mixing2O3Reinforcement is aobvious with the composite powder of 98vol.% Al alloy powders
Micro-assembly robot figure, find that reinforcement is enriched in alloyed powder particle surface through analysis shows, fail to be efficiently entering inside alloy powder particles.
Embodiment two.
A kind of reinforcement is dispersed in the high volume composite powder inside alloyed powder：2vol.% nanometers Al2O3Reinforcement with
The preparation method of the composite powder of 98vol.% Al alloy powders：
2vol.% nanometers Al is configured first2O3（1.02 g）, by ratio of grinding media to material 7:1 weighing 7.14g agate balls are placed in 500 ml nylon
In ball grinder, then powder is placed in nylon ball grinder and adds suitable alcohols（Purity is 99%）, beginning ball milling is sealed,
Ball milling parameter is arranged to 200 r/min, and ball milling 50min shuts down 5 min, after the h of ball milling 12, obtains Al2O3The slurry of reinforcement；
Then, 98vol.% is taken（38.98 g）Al alloy powder（1~10 micron of particle diameter）With 1.02g nanometer Al2O3Enhancing
The slurry mixing of body, by ratio of grinding media to material 8:1 weighing 320g agate balls are placed in 500 ml nylon ball grinders, then will be weighed and mixed
Even mixed slurry is placed in nylon ball grinder and adds suitable alcohols（Purity is 99%）, seal beginning ball milling, ball milling ginseng
Count and be arranged to 300 r/min, after ball milling 50min shutdown 15 min, the h of ball milling 12, obtain matrix and the mixed slurry of reinforcement；
3rd step, the mixed slurry of the matrix of taking-up and reinforcement is placed in 110 DEG C of 4 h of drying in drying box, obtains required base
Body and reinforcement mixed powder；
Finally, the mixed powder obtained by upper step is placed in beaker and stirred, by ratio of grinding media to material 8:1 weighing 320g agate balls are placed in
In 500 ml nylon ball grinders, then mixed-powder is placed in nylon ball grinder, seals beginning ball milling, ball milling parameter is arranged to
After 350 r/min, ball milling 50min shutdown 15 min, the h of ball milling 12, required composite powder is obtained；
Using 2vol.% nanometers Al made from above-mentioned steps2O3Reinforcement and reinforcement in the composite powder of 98vol.% Al alloy powders
It is uniformly dispersed, shape appearance figure is close with Fig. 3, and through analysis, reinforcement is forced scattered and is efficiently entering alloyed powder after high-energy ball milling
Inside particle, the high volume composite powder that reinforcement is dispersed in inside alloyed powder is formed.
Embodiment three.
A kind of reinforcement is dispersed in the high volume composite powder inside alloyed powder：5vol.% nanometers Al2O3Reinforcement with
The preparation method of the composite powder of 95vol.% Al alloy powders：
5vol.% nanometers Al is configured first2O3（2.532 g）, by ratio of grinding media to material 6:1 weighing 15.192g agate balls are placed in 500 ml
In nylon ball grinder, then powder is placed in nylon ball grinder and adds suitable alcohols（Purity is 99%）, seal beginning ball
Mill, ball milling parameter are arranged to 300 r/min, and ball milling 50min shuts down 15 min, after the h of ball milling 12, obtain a nanometer Al2O3Reinforcement
Slurry；The addition of alcohol is to submerge a nanometer Al2O3Powder is advisable.
Then, 95vol.% is taken（37.468 g）Al alloy powder（Particle diameter≤10 micron）With 2.532g Al2O3Enhancing
Body mixes, by ratio of grinding media to material 7:1 weighing 280g agate balls are placed in 500 ml nylon ball grinders, then will be weighed and be well mixed and be mixed
Slurry is closed to be placed in nylon ball grinder and add suitable alcohols（Purity is 99%）, beginning ball milling is sealed, ball milling parameter is set
For 200 r/min, ball milling 50min shuts down 5 min, after the h of ball milling 12, obtains matrix and the mixed slurry of reinforcement；Alcohol adds
Enter amount to submerge a nanometer Al2O3Powder and aluminium alloy powder are advisable.
3rd step, the mixed slurry of the matrix of taking-up and reinforcement is placed in 90 DEG C of 4.5 h of drying in drying box, obtained
Required matrix and reinforcement mixed powder；
Finally, the mixed powder obtained by upper step is placed in beaker and stirred, by ratio of grinding media to material 7:1 weighing 280g agate balls are placed in
In 500 ml nylon ball grinders, then mixed-powder is placed in nylon ball grinder, seals beginning ball milling, ball milling parameter is arranged to
After 250 r/min, ball milling 50min shutdown 5 min, the h of ball milling 13, required composite powder is obtained；
Using 5vol.% nanometers Al made from above-mentioned steps2O3Reinforcement and reinforcement in the composite powder of 95vol.% Al alloy powders
It is uniformly dispersed, shape appearance figure is close with Fig. 3, and through analysis, reinforcement is forced scattered and is efficiently entering alloyed powder after high-energy ball milling
Inside particle, the high volume composite powder that reinforcement is dispersed in inside alloyed powder is formed.
Part that the present invention does not relate to is same as the prior art or can be realized using prior art.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of high-volume fractional nano alumina particles strengthen aluminium-based powder composite, it is characterized in that it is by Al alloy powder and nanometer
Al2O3Powder is prepared；Wherein, nanometer Al2O3Percent by volume shared by powder：2 ~ 5vol.%, remaining is Al alloy powder, each group
The percent by volume sum of part is 100%.
A kind of a kind of 2. preparation side of high-volume fractional nano alumina particles enhancing aluminium-based powder composite described in claim 1
Method, it is characterized in that it comprises the following steps：
（1）Nanometer Al2O3The wet-milling of powder：Press composition preparation of nano Al2O3Powder, it is put into ball grinder and adds alcohol, be placed in ball mill
It is interior with certain ball milling parameter ball milling, obtain a nanometer Al2O3Slurry；
（2）Al alloy powder and nanometer Al2O3The Wet blend-milling of powder：Take Al alloy powder and step（1）Nanometer Al2O3Slurry mixes,
It is put into ball grinder and adds alcohol, is placed in ball mill with certain ball milling parameter ball milling, obtains alloyed powder and mixed with alumina particle
Close slurry；
（3）Dry：By step（2）In alloyed powder after obtained ball milling be put into alumina particle mixed slurry in drying box,
Dried with the temperature and time of setting, obtain the dried powder that alloyed powder mixes with reinforcement particle；
（4）The high-energy ball milling of alloyed powder and aluminum oxide dried powder：Take step（3）In alloyed powder mix with alumina particle
Dried powder is put into ball grinder, is placed in ball mill with certain ball milling parameter ball milling, obtains nano alumina particles enhancing aluminium base
Composite powder.
3. preparation method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that described step（1）With（2）Wet-milling ball-milling technology ginseng
Number is：Ratio of grinding media to material (6 ~ 8):1,250 ± 50r/min ball millings at least 12 h, 10 ± 5min is shut down per ball milling 50min.
4. preparation method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that described step（3）Drying means be：After ball milling
Mixed slurry, which is put into beaker, is placed in drying box, is warming up to drying box after 90 ~ 110 DEG C and is incubated at least 4 h.
5. preparation method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that described step（4）High-energy ball milling ball-milling technology ginseng
Number is：Ratio of grinding media to material (6 ~ 8):1,300 ± 50r/min ball millings at least 12 h, 10 ± 5min is shut down per ball milling 50min.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109079297A (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2018-12-25 | 叶婉芳 | A kind of novel nano oxide weld seam technique |
| CN113699417A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-11-26 | 中北大学 | Al (aluminum)2O3/Fe3O4@ GNS hybrid reinforced aluminum-based composite material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN106363185A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2017-02-01 | 上海交通大学 | Powder metallurgy preparation method of nanophase/metal composite powder and block material thereof |
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- 2017-08-14 CN CN201710691159.6A patent/CN107475571A/en active Pending
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106363185A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2017-02-01 | 上海交通大学 | Powder metallurgy preparation method of nanophase/metal composite powder and block material thereof |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109079297A (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2018-12-25 | 叶婉芳 | A kind of novel nano oxide weld seam technique |
| CN113699417A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-11-26 | 中北大学 | Al (aluminum)2O3/Fe3O4@ GNS hybrid reinforced aluminum-based composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN113699417B (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2022-03-08 | 中北大学 | Al (aluminum)2O3/Fe3O4Preparation method of @ GNS hybrid reinforced aluminum-based composite material |
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