CN107467170A - A kind of fresh-keeping operating procedure of coprinus comatus - Google Patents
A kind of fresh-keeping operating procedure of coprinus comatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN107467170A CN107467170A CN201710648267.5A CN201710648267A CN107467170A CN 107467170 A CN107467170 A CN 107467170A CN 201710648267 A CN201710648267 A CN 201710648267A CN 107467170 A CN107467170 A CN 107467170A
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/015—Preserving by irradiation or electric treatment without heating effect
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/04—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/14—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10
- A23B7/144—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10 in the form of gases, e.g. fumigation; Compositions or apparatus therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of fresh-keeping operating procedure of coprinus comatus, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps, 1) after coprinus comatus harvesting, select fresh, color and luster is pure white, no disease and pests harm, the mushroom for having no mechanical damage, being of moderate size, carry out root immediately, go mud working process, and cut cap exocuticle to pieces, then carry out UV treatment；2) according to the trial test of early stage, uviol lamp power 30W is selected, EWL is less than 280nm, and irradiation time is respectively 4min and 8min, front and rear upset coprinus comatus when irradiating half way, makes it by according to uniform；3) after UV treatment, irradiation group coprinus comatus is thrown into container, packed with nitrogen-charging fresh-keeping film, be put into temperature be 0 10 DEG C, relative humidity be preservation in 80 90% refrigerating equipments, periodically detected.With simple to operate, investment is small, cost is low, the characteristics of being easily managed.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to edible fungus fresh-keeping technical field, more particularly to it is a kind of fresh-keeping operating procedure of coprinus comatus.
Background technology
Coprinus comatus also known as shaggy cap, big terrible umbrella etc., are being commonly called as coprinus comatus, fungi are under the jurisdiction of in Plant Taxonomy
Door, Basidiomycotina, Hymenomycetes, Agaricales, coprinaceae, Coprinus, and a kind of natural green food, because its fructification is similar to
Gained the name such as chicken leg, fine and tender taste meat flavour is gained the name like shredded chicken, is the rare bacterium with business potential manually developed in recent years
Product, it is described as " rising star in bacterium ".Coprinus comatus color and luster is pure white, and outward appearance is unique, and nutritious, delicious flavour is tasty, deep by consumer
Like, widely distributed, the province such as northern various regions, Hebei, Shandong, Shanxi, Heilungkiang, Jilin is mainly originated in China has had its yield
Occupy first 6 of edible fungi of china kind.Coprinus comatus or a kind of medicinal fungus.Sweet slip is put down, have Energy benefit taste, clearing away the heart fire and tranquillizing,
Control hemorrhoid and other effects.It is often edible to play the role of aid digestion, increase appetite and treatment hemorrhoid.According to<Chinese medicinal fungi illustrated handbook>Carry,
Coprinus comatus hot water extract is respectively 100% and 90% to small white mouse sarcoma 180 and Emhorn inhibiting rate.Reported according to another Aston University
Road, coprinus comatus contain the effective ingredient for the treatment of diabetes, blood sugar concentration can be reduced after edible, have obvious auxiliary to treat to diabetes
Effect.It is often edible to improve immune function of human body, the work(such as anticancer is antitumor, hypoglycemic, reducing blood lipid, aid digestion, Energy benefit taste is antibacterial
Effect, can strengthen resistance against diseases.Contain multiple biological activities enzyme in fresh mushroom, there are a variety of physiological actions, wherein trypsase, malt
Carbohydrase etc. can help digest, and tyrosinase reduces blood pressure, and compound of polysaccharide then has certain cancer-resisting effect.
Contained fat is mostly unrighted acid in mushroom body, will not increase the cholesterol level in blood after edible, can prevent to move
Arteries and veins hardening, heart disease and obesity etc..Coprinus comatus also has certain suppression to Escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus, hay bacillus
Make and use.But coprinus comatus not storage tolerance, still there is the weather similar with growth period after harvesting, thalline now,
Due to the intense stimulus by the external world, after-ripening progress faster, and based on catabolism, and aldehydes matter is produced, at normal temperatures
Place 2~3d, make fructification occur brown stain, here wither, parachute-opening or stem elongation, self-dissolving or generation peculiar smell phenomena such as, make business
Product value, which declines, even to be lost, and the direct factor for influenceing the coprinus comatus preservation and freshness time limit is mainly respiration, transpiration, life
Manage Biochemical changes etc..Easily there is fructification self-dissolving after adopting in coprinus comatus.Under the conditions of room temperature storage, chicken leg massee fruiting bodies self-dissolving refers to
Number raises with the extension of storage time, and self-dissolving speed is different, and the coprinus comatus body of storage 0-6 hours shows without obvious self-dissolving
As；The fructification of 12 hours shows slight parachute-opening；The self-dissolving speed of 12-24 hours is shallower；And the self-dissolving of 24-36 hours compared with
It hurry up；36 hours, the self-dissolving of most of fructification and parachute-opening.Some is even rotted, and extends that its is rotten with storage time
Area also expands.Self-dissolving Symptoms are, brown plaque occurs in mushroom body surface face, parachute-opening after stem bursting velum, lamella deliquescence,
And with black juice, whole cap dissolves, flows juice and rot after storing 3 days, but the stem that mushroom body is begun doing business remains in that well
Color and luster.Therefore solve the problems, such as the post-harvest fresh-keeping of coprinus comatus, it is significant to development coprinus comatus production to extend its shelf life.
Using the fresh-keeping edible mushroom of gamma-ray irradiation, has more report both at home and abroad.Irradiation can suppress the after-ripening of edible mushroom
Effect, delay or mitigates the rupture of membranes of edible mushroom, parachute-opening, brown stain, rotten etc., prolong storage period.But use gamma-ray irradiation
Investment cost, the problems such as the safety management of radioactive source, application of this technology in edible fungus fresh-keeping is limited, is especially faced
The present situation of the small-scale decentralized management of edible fungi of china production.
The straight grip ultraviolet of people one treats as the means of sterilizing for a long time.However, Recent study is found, fruits and vegetables warp
After short wave ultraviolet (UV-C, wavelength are less than 280nm) irradiation of low dosage, the rotting rate of storage period is can obviously reduce, thereafter
Ripe process is also extended.The report Ultraviolet Irradiation such as Rong Ruifen can mitigate strawberry storage diseases, Delay of ripeness, preferably protect
Vitamin C content is held, ultraviolet irradiation can also induce the Defense Enzyme Activities in rise tomato peel.It is ultraviolet compared with gamma-rays
Line is readily available, and is easily managed, and security is higher, and invests very little, therefore easily popularization.By UV application in edible mushroom
It is fresh-keeping, be rarely reported both at home and abroad.The short-wave ultraviolet light irradiation shadow fresh-keeping to coprinus comatus low temperature and room temperature storage is have studied herein
Ring, it is intended to which the application being radiated at for ultraviolet on edible fungus fresh-keeping provides foundation.
The content of the invention
A kind of it is contemplated that the defects of overcoming prior art, there is provided the fresh-keeping operating procedure of coprinus comatus.With operation
Simply, investment is small, cost is low, the characteristics of being easily managed.For coprinus comatus after UV-C treatment with irradiation, fresh-keeping effect at normal temperatures is bright
It is aobvious.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention provides following technical scheme：
A kind of fresh-keeping operating procedure of coprinus comatus, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps, 1) coprinus comatus harvesting after, select
It is fresh, color and luster is pure white, no disease and pests harm, the mushroom for having no mechanical damage, being of moderate size, carry out root immediately, go mud working process, and
Cut cap exocuticle to pieces, then carry out UV treatment；2) according to the trial test of early stage, uviol lamp power 30W, significant wave are selected
Long 254nm, irradiation time are respectively 4min and 8min, front and rear upset coprinus comatus when irradiating half way, make it by according to uniform；3) it is ultraviolet
Line processing after, irradiation group coprinus comatus is thrown into container, pack with nitrogen-charging fresh-keeping film, be put into temperature be 0-10 DEG C, it is relatively wet
Spend for preservation in 80-90% refrigerating equipments, periodically detected.
Further preferably, the first step, UV treatment are wavelength less than 280nm short wave ultraviolets (UV-C) processing.
Further preferably, second step, fluorescent tube are 31-35cm with mushroom distance.
Further preferably, the 3rd step, container are plastic casing or metal case.
Further preferably, the 3rd step, preservative film are nitrogen-filled packaging.
Further preferably, the 3rd step, preservative film are to vacuumize packaging.
Further preferably, the 3rd step, refrigerating equipment are the refrigerator using frequency converter.
Further preferably, the 3rd step, refrigerating equipment are the refrigerating chamber using frequency converter.
Further preferably, the 3rd step, refrigerated storage temperature are 0-6 DEG C.
Further preferably, the 3rd step, refrigerated storage temperature are 1-3 DEG C.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect：
The UV-C treatment with irradiation of the present invention can significantly extend the fresh keeping time of coprinus comatus, and coprinus comatus is in suitable storage temperature
Spend for 0-5 DEG C, 4 DEG C of storage effect is notable, and fresh keeping time during storage extends to 10~11d by 6~7d of before processing, normal
Fresh keeping time under temperature extends to more than 4d by 2d.The fresh-keeping side such as UV-C treatment with irradiation and gamma-ray irradiation, chemical reagent immersion
Method is compared, and UV-C treatment with irradiation only needs a ultraviolet lamp device, therefore simple to operate, and investment is small, cost is low, is easily managed, and is used
Security and Product Safety are higher, therefore popularization is preferable.U irradiations can suppress coprinus comatus and make in the after-ripening of storage period
With reduction polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity.
Embodiment
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are illustrated below, it will be appreciated that preferred embodiment described herein is only used
In the description and interpretation present invention, it is not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment, a kind of fresh-keeping operating procedure of coprinus comatus, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps, 1) coprinus comatus harvesting
Afterwards, select fresh, color and luster is pure white, no disease and pests harm, the mushroom for having no mechanical damage, being of moderate size, carry out root immediately, go mud to process
Processing, and cut cap exocuticle to pieces, then carry out UV treatment；Coprinus comatus is harvested, and the harvesting for fresh-keeping coprinus comatus is fitted
The suitable phase is mushroom flower bud phase, i.e., cap hard-pressed bale stem, collarium not yet loosen or just loosen, harvest when mushroom body 6-7 is divided into ripe.It is super-huge
15-20 centimetres of the harvesting height of coprinus comatus, 8-15 centimetres of the harvesting height of common variety.Separately put by coprinus comatus size during harvesting
Put, handle with care, ensure that mushroom body is complete, mushroom pin is cut neat, clean with stainless steel knife.It is it is required that broken without soil, free from admixture, nothing
Damage, mushroom piece water content is below 90%.The first step, UV treatment are wavelength less than 280nm short wave ultraviolets (UV-C) processing.
2) according to the trial test of early stage, uviol lamp power 30W is selected, EWL 254nm, irradiation time is respectively 4min
And 8min, front and rear upset coprinus comatus when irradiating half way, make it by according to uniform；Second step, fluorescent tube are 31-35cm with mushroom distance.
As seen from the experiment, the fresh keeping time of coprinus comatus at normal temperatures is 2d, and fresh keeping time can extend to after UV-C treatment with irradiation
More than 4d.UV-C irradiation times are that 5min and 8min effect is slightly better than 3min and 10min.UV-C treatment with irradiation is to suppressing stem
Growth has apparent effect, and 4 treatment groups all grow phenomenon after room temperature storage 4d without stem.As can be seen from Table 1, chicken leg
The fresh keeping time of mushroom at normal temperatures is very short.The fresh keeping time of coprinus comatus at normal temperatures can be extended more than 2d by UV-C treatment with irradiation,
This will play very big impetus to expanding coprinus comatus in the sales volume of supermarket.
The fresh-keeping effect of coprinus comatus at normal temperatures after the UV-C of table 1 irradiations
3) after UV treatment, irradiation group coprinus comatus is thrown into container, container be plastic casing or metal case or its
He can container etc..Packed with nitrogen-charging fresh-keeping film, be put into temperature be 0-10 DEG C, relative humidity be preservation in 80-90% refrigerating equipments,
Periodically detected.
3rd step, preservative film are nitrogen-filled packaging.3rd step, preservative film are to vacuumize packaging.3rd step, refrigerating equipment are to adopt
With the refrigerator or refrigerating chamber of frequency converter.Using simple packaging, i.e., contained with freshness protection package, per it is packed enter 5 kilograms of coprinus comatus or 10
Kilogram, air in bag is pumped, tightens sack.It is put into bubble chamber, covers carton, seal box mouth again outside bubble chamber.
Cryopreservation is to suppress the metabolism of edible mushroom and the activity of the rotten microorganism of cause by reducing environment temperature, is made
Within a certain period of time keep edible mushroom freshness, color, the technology of flavor.The breathing that low temperature can substantially suppress coprinus comatus is strong
Degree, weight-loss ratio and browning rate, suitable reserve temperature are 0-6 DEG C.
Coprinus comatus parachute-opening rate fresh-keeping under the conditions of 1-3 DEG C of reserve temperature is relatively low, it is proposed that refrigerated storage temperature be 1-3 DEG C of conduct most
Good temperature storage, during higher than 3, occur mushroom body parachute-opening in a short time, it is putrid and deteriorated phenomena such as produce.
The allocation and transportation export trade of coprinus comatus.Packaged coprinus comatus wants timely tissue outlet port allocation and transportation or export trade.
Explanation embodiments of the present invention are the foregoing is only, are not intended to limit the invention, for the technology of this area
For personnel, within the spirit and principles of the invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc., it should be included in
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. fresh-keeping operating procedure of coprinus comatus, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps, 1) after coprinus comatus harvesting, select new It is fresh, color and luster is pure white, no disease and pests harm, the mushroom for having no mechanical damage, being of moderate size, carry out root immediately, go mud working process, and cut to pieces Cap exocuticle is removed, then carries out UV treatment；2) according to the trial test of early stage, uviol lamp power 30W, EWL are selected Less than 280nm, irradiation time is respectively 4min and 8min, front and rear upset coprinus comatus when irradiating half way, makes it by according to uniform；3) it is purple Outside line processing after, irradiation group coprinus comatus is thrown into container, pack with nitrogen-charging fresh-keeping film, be put into temperature for 0-10 DEG C, relatively Humidity is preservation in 80-90% refrigerating equipments, is periodically detected.
- 2. the fresh-keeping operating procedure of a kind of coprinus comatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the first step, UV treatment For the processing of wavelength 254nm short wave ultraviolets.
- 3. the fresh-keeping operating procedure of a kind of coprinus comatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that second step, fluorescent tube and mushroom Distance is 31-35cm.
- 4. the fresh-keeping operating procedure of a kind of coprinus comatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the 3rd step, container are plastics Box or metal case.
- 5. the fresh-keeping operating procedure of a kind of coprinus comatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the 3rd step, preservative film are to fill Nitrogen is packed.
- 6. the fresh-keeping operating procedure of a kind of coprinus comatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the 3rd step, preservative film are to take out Vacuum packaging.
- 7. the fresh-keeping operating procedure of a kind of coprinus comatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the 3rd step, refrigerating equipment are Using the refrigerator of frequency converter.
- 8. the fresh-keeping operating procedure of a kind of coprinus comatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the 3rd step, refrigerating equipment are Using the refrigerating chamber of frequency converter.
- 9. the fresh-keeping operating procedure of a kind of coprinus comatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the 3rd step, refrigerated storage temperature are 0-6℃。
- 10. the fresh-keeping operating procedure of a kind of coprinus comatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the 3rd step, refrigerated storage temperature are 1-3℃。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710648267.5A CN107467170A (en) | 2017-08-01 | 2017-08-01 | A kind of fresh-keeping operating procedure of coprinus comatus |
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| CN201710648267.5A CN107467170A (en) | 2017-08-01 | 2017-08-01 | A kind of fresh-keeping operating procedure of coprinus comatus |
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| CN107467170A true CN107467170A (en) | 2017-12-15 |
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| CN201710648267.5A Pending CN107467170A (en) | 2017-08-01 | 2017-08-01 | A kind of fresh-keeping operating procedure of coprinus comatus |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110771678A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2020-02-11 | 北京市农林科学院 | Color protection method for inhibiting blue change of white radish |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103461469A (en) * | 2013-08-16 | 2013-12-25 | 上海交通大学 | Pleurotus eryngii preservation method |
| CN106106709A (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2016-11-16 | 潜山县富源科技有限公司 | A kind of method for storing and refreshing of edible fungi |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103461469A (en) * | 2013-08-16 | 2013-12-25 | 上海交通大学 | Pleurotus eryngii preservation method |
| CN106106709A (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2016-11-16 | 潜山县富源科技有限公司 | A kind of method for storing and refreshing of edible fungi |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110771678A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2020-02-11 | 北京市农林科学院 | Color protection method for inhibiting blue change of white radish |
| CN110771678B (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2022-05-17 | 北京市农林科学院 | Color protection method for inhibiting blue change of white radish |
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