CN107465212B - Virtual inertia control system and method for wind turbine generator micro-grid operation based on virtual synchronous generator technology - Google Patents

Virtual inertia control system and method for wind turbine generator micro-grid operation based on virtual synchronous generator technology Download PDF

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CN107465212B
CN107465212B CN201710874579.8A CN201710874579A CN107465212B CN 107465212 B CN107465212 B CN 107465212B CN 201710874579 A CN201710874579 A CN 201710874579A CN 107465212 B CN107465212 B CN 107465212B
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CN107465212A (en
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施凯
叶海涵
徐培凤
孙宇新
刘奕辰
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Jiangsu University
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/46Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
    • H02J3/48Controlling the sharing of the in-phase component
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/28Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H02J3/386
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • Y02E10/76Power conversion electric or electronic aspects
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E70/00Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
    • Y02E70/30Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin

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Abstract

The invention discloses a virtual inertia control system and method for the micro-grid operation of a wind turbine generator based on a virtual synchronous generator technology, which are characterized in that the existing achievements of the virtual synchronous generator technology are used for reference, the virtual inertia of a fan set, the virtual inertia of an energy storage device and the VSG inertia response are matched with each other by adding an additional droop characteristic and designing an energy storage device autonomous control algorithm and a power setting module, and the problems that the virtual inertia algorithm is coupled with a maximum wind energy tracking algorithm and is difficult to be compatible with the energy storage algorithm are effectively solved. The method can effectively solve the problem of various wind speeds and load sudden changes, limit the sudden change amplitude of the frequency at the alternating current side, enhance the self-regulation capability of the microgrid system, and contribute to the expansion of the contribution of the wind power plant to the stability and frequency regulation of the source grid load system. In addition, measures such as overspeed or load shedding are not needed in advance, pitch angle control is not needed, and the utilization rate of the energy storage device and the utilization rate of wind energy can be effectively improved.

Description

Virtual inertia control system and method for wind turbine generator micro-grid operation based on virtual synchronous generator technology
Technical Field
The invention relates to a virtual inertia control method of a distributed micro-grid system, in particular to a wind turbine generator micro-grid operation virtual inertia control method and system based on a virtual synchronous generator technology, and belongs to the technical field of distributed power generation micro-grids.
Background
With the rapid development of distributed power supplies and microgrid technologies, the new energy power generation technology not only needs to face the technical difficulties of energy and power generation, but also needs to comprehensively consider the overall structure of a source-network-load system and the response and performance of each aspect of the source-network-load system. In recent years, the development and utilization rate of renewable energy sources is continuously high, the intermittence, the fluctuation and the particularity of the energy sources, the diversity and the dynamics of user loads, the wide access of new loads such as electric vehicles, variable frequency speed regulation and the like, the installed proportion of a traditional synchronous generator in a power grid is gradually reduced, the rotating reserve capacity and the rotating inertia are relatively reduced, and great challenges are brought to the stability of a source-grid-load system.
In a traditional wind power plant, a P/Q type double-loop control strategy is mostly adopted by a grid-connected inverter. Although the algorithm can stably transmit the Power obtained by the Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithm, the rotating speed of the wind turbine generator and the load on the alternating current side are completely decoupled, so that the microgrid system becomes an isolated constant Power source, and the interaction and supporting capability of the system on the alternating current voltage can be completely lost. When alternating current load suddenly changes, all power sudden changes generated by the sudden changes of the load are borne by the synchronous generator and the power grid, so that the frequency of an alternating current side is reduced, and the stability of a microgrid system, the synchronous generator and the power grid is threatened. And the output power of the fan unit is constant, the sudden change of the load cannot be responded, and almost no contribution is made to the frequency regulation of the alternating current side. Therefore, how to improve the interaction capacity of the wind turbine generator on the power grid and the load and enhance the stability of the source-grid-load system is an important subject for developing and utilizing new energy at present.
In recent years, Virtual Synchronous Generators (VSG) technology has been proposed by scholars. The technology fully integrates the advantages of power electronic technology and the operation characteristics of the traditional synchronous generator, so that the algorithm design of the grid-connected inverter can refer to the theory of the synchronous generator and the past operation experience. The self-frequency modulation device has the characteristics of inertial response and primary frequency modulation, can effectively improve the inertia and the damping of a grid-connected interface, and reduces the burden of alternating current load sudden change on a power grid. The VSG technology is introduced into the distributed power system, so that the problem of friendly consumption of the VSG can be effectively solved, and the VSG power system has a wide application prospect.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method and a system for controlling the operation of the virtual inertia of the microgrid of the wind turbine generator based on the virtual synchronous generator technology, wherein the virtual inertia of the wind turbine generator, the virtual inertia of the energy storage device and the virtual inertia of the VSG are fully adjusted by adding an additional droop characteristic, designing an energy storage device autonomous control strategy and a power giving module, and the problems that the virtual inertia algorithm is coupled with the maximum wind energy tracking algorithm and is difficult to be compatible with the energy storage algorithm are effectively solved. The method can effectively solve the problem of various wind speeds and load sudden changes, limit the sudden change amplitude of the frequency at the alternating current side, enhance the self-regulation capability of the microgrid system, and contribute to the expansion of the contribution of the wind power plant to the stability and frequency regulation of the source grid load system. In addition, measures such as overspeed or load shedding are not needed in advance, pitch angle control is not needed, and the utilization rate of the energy storage device and the utilization rate of wind energy can be effectively improved.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
on one hand, the invention provides a virtual inertia control system for the micro-grid operation of a wind turbine generator based on a virtual synchronous generator technology, and the system comprises a wind turbine, a fan set, a machine side inverter, an energy storage device, a DC/DC converter, a direct current bus, a grid side inverter, a transformer, an alternating current load and a sensor thereof, a filter capacitor, a maximum wind energy tracking module, a fan set control module, an autonomous control module, a power giving module, a fan set virtual inertia control module and a virtual synchronous generator control module.
The wind turbine is sequentially and electrically connected with the fan unit, the machine side inverter, the filter capacitor and the direct current bus, the energy storage device is sequentially and electrically connected with the DC/DC converter, the filter capacitor and the direct current bus, and the direct current bus is sequentially and electrically connected with the filter capacitor, the network side inverter, the transformer, the alternating current load and a sensor thereof;
the maximum wind energy tracking module is connected with the fan unit control module, and an output signal is used for driving a machine side inverter; the autonomous control module is used for driving the DC/DC converter; the maximum wind energy tracking module, the autonomous control module and the fan unit virtual inertia control module are connected with the power giving module, the power giving module and the alternating current load sensor are connected with the virtual synchronous generator control module, and output signals are used for driving the grid-side inverter.
On the other hand, the invention provides a virtual inertia control method for the micro-grid operation of a wind turbine generator based on a virtual synchronous generator technology, which specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, starting the wind turbine, the fan unit control module and the machine side inverter, completing the voltage building process of the fan unit and stabilizing the direct current bus voltage;
s2, accessing the grid-side inverter, starting the virtual synchronous generator control module, enabling the grid-side inverter to run in an idle state, and adjusting the output voltage of the alternating current side;
s3, starting a maximum wind energy tracking module, connecting a transformer, an alternating current load and a sensor thereof, and supplying energy to the alternating current load by the system at the moment;
s4, connecting the energy storage device and the DC/DC converter into the system, starting the autonomous control module, the fan unit virtual inertia control module and the power giving module, and enabling the system to stably run;
s5, detecting the sudden change of the alternating current load, automatically providing a transient virtual inertial support by the fan set virtual inertial module by using the rotor kinetic energy of the fan set, and enabling the rotating speed of the fan set to enter a transient adjusting process;
and S6, detecting that the wind speed sudden change or the alternating current side frequency sudden change exceeds a set range, automatically adjusting the internal power balance of the micro-grid system by the autonomous control module, and continuously adjusting the amplitude of the alternating current side frequency sudden change.
Further, the autonomous control module in S4 is specifically a buck-boost-based hysteresis control strategy, and automatically selects a buck mode or a boost mode according to the frequency difference between the ac sides and outputs corresponding power, so as to promote power balance in the microgrid system.
Further, in S4, the virtual inertia control module of the fan group is specifically configured to add an additional droop characteristic to the power setting of the virtual synchronous generator control module to enhance an equivalent droop coefficient of the virtual synchronous generator control module, and absorb or release kinetic energy of a rotor of the fan group during a transient process of an alternating current load sudden change, so as to provide a transient virtual inertia support.
Further, the power setting module in S4 is configured to synthesize virtual inertia of the fan unit and virtual inertia performance of the energy storage device, provide virtual inertial support of the fan unit during a transient state of the system, output the virtual inertial support of the energy storage device during a steady state of the system, and automatically generate the power setting of the virtual synchronous generator control module in combination with the output power of the maximum wind energy tracking algorithm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention can effectively inhibit the negative influence of the sudden change of wind speed and load on the power grid under various conditions, limit the sudden change amplitude of the alternating current side frequency and enhance the self-regulation capability of the micro-grid system.
2. The invention mutually matches the virtual inertia of the fan unit, the virtual inertia of the energy storage device and the VSG inertial response, reduces the influence of load access and sudden load increase on the synchronous generator and the power grid, and is beneficial to expanding the contribution of the wind power plant to the stability and frequency adjustment of the source grid load system.
3. The invention can effectively solve the problems that the virtual inertia algorithm is coupled with the maximum wind energy tracking algorithm and is difficult to be compatible with the energy storage algorithm, so that the virtual inertia control algorithms are mutually independent and can be mutually matched to form a whole together.
4. The invention can enable the energy storage device to have virtual inertia supporting capability and energy storage capability at the same time, can not generate logic disorder in a complex operation environment, and can provide the utilization rate of the energy storage device.
5. The invention does not need to carry out overspeed or load shedding and other measures in advance, does not need to add pitch angle control, and has simple and reliable control structure.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the main circuit structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an autonomous control algorithm for the energy storage device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the additional droop characteristics of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a power giving module of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an overall block diagram of the virtual inertial control strategy of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with the following drawings, which are set forth by way of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1, a virtual inertia control system for the micro-grid operation of a wind turbine generator based on a virtual synchronous generator technology. The system provided in the present embodiment will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1 to 5.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, the virtual inertia control system for the micro-grid operation of the wind turbine generator set based on the virtual synchronous generator technology is characterized by comprising a wind turbine, a fan set, a machine side inverter, an energy storage device, a DC/DC converter, a direct current bus, a network side inverter, a transformer, an alternating current load and a sensor thereof, a filter capacitor, a maximum wind energy tracking module, a fan set control module, an autonomous control module, a power giving module, a fan set virtual inertia control module and a virtual synchronous generator control module.
The wind turbine is sequentially and electrically connected with the fan unit, the machine side inverter, the filter capacitor and the direct current bus, the energy storage device is sequentially and electrically connected with the DC/DC converter, the filter capacitor and the direct current bus, and the direct current bus is sequentially and electrically connected with the filter capacitor, the network side inverter, the transformer, the alternating current load and a sensor thereof;
the maximum wind energy tracking module is connected with the fan unit control module, and an output signal is used for driving a machine side inverter; the autonomous control module is used for driving the DC/DC converter; the maximum wind energy tracking module, the autonomous control module and the fan unit virtual inertia control module are connected with the power giving module, the power giving module and the alternating current load sensor are connected with the virtual synchronous generator control module, and output signals are used for driving the grid-side inverter. The maximum wind energy tracking module is realized by adopting a conventional mature maximum wind energy tracking algorithm, and the output power of the wind turbine generator set is mainly controlled to be approximately three times of the wind speed in the embodiment; the fan set control module adopts a double-ring structure of an outer voltage ring and an inner current ring, and the topological structure of the fan and the whole set of control algorithm thereof is disclosed in the patent document (with the application number of 201410643081.7).
Embodiment 2, a virtual inertia control method for the micro-grid operation of a wind turbine generator based on a virtual synchronous generator technology. The method provided by the present embodiment will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1 to 5.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, a virtual inertia control method for the micro-grid operation of a wind turbine generator based on a virtual synchronous generator technology specifically includes:
s1, starting the wind turbine, the fan unit control module and the machine side inverter, completing the voltage building process of the fan unit and stabilizing the direct current bus voltage;
specifically, the mathematical model of the wind turbine is shown as follows
Figure BDA0001417842440000061
Wherein, TmFor wind turbine torque, ρ is air density, A is wind turbine swept area, VwindIs the wind speed, Cp(λ, β) is the wind energy utilization factor, λ is the tip speed ratio, β is the blade pitch angle, ω isrIs the rotation speed, and R is the radius of the wind wheel.
The voltage building process of the fan unit in S1 specifically means that when the rotation speed of the fan unit is greater than the initial rotation speed, the rotation speed will slowly rise, and at this time, the dc bus voltage in the fan unit control algorithm slowly rises to a given value in a ramp function manner, so that the voltage building process of the dc bus voltage is completed.
S2, accessing the grid-side inverter, starting the virtual synchronous generator control module, enabling the grid-side inverter to run in an idle state, and adjusting the output voltage of the alternating current side;
specifically, the mathematical model of the VSG control module is as follows:
Figure BDA0001417842440000062
wherein, P*、Q*For active and reactive settings, Dp、DqFor frequency-active and voltage-reactive droop coefficients, P, Q for active and reactive feedback, J, K for the inertia coefficients of the active and reactive loops, ω*Omega is the rated electrical angular velocity and the rotor electrical angular velocity, V*And V is the rated voltage amplitude and the output voltage amplitude, and theta is the rotor position angle at the moment.
Specifically, the step of adjusting the output voltage at the ac side in S2 is to add a pre-synchronization algorithm, and build 3 PI regulators in the virtual synchronous generator control module to respectively adjust the amplitude, frequency, and phase of the output voltage at the ac side.
Specifically, the principle of the presynchronization control method is as follows:
Figure BDA0001417842440000071
as shown in the formula, two integrals are added in a control algorithm to form two PI regulators with an active droop coefficient and a reactive droop coefficient respectively to regulate the frequency and the angular speed of the output voltage, and one PI regulator is added to regulate the output phase.
S3, starting a maximum wind energy tracking module, connecting a transformer, an alternating current load and a sensor thereof, and supplying energy to the alternating current load by the system at the moment;
s4, connecting the energy storage device and the DC/DC converter into the system, starting the autonomous control module, the fan unit virtual inertia control module and the power giving module, and enabling the system to stably run;
the autonomous control module in S4 is specifically a buck-boost-based hysteresis control strategy, and automatically selects a buck mode or a boost mode according to an ac-side frequency difference and outputs corresponding power, thereby promoting power balance in the microgrid system.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an autonomous control strategy of an energy storage device.
The maximum wind energy tracking module, the energy storage device and the VSG are connected, and the active loop expression can be arranged into
Figure BDA0001417842440000072
Wherein, PmMechanical torque output for wind turbines, ηgFor efficiency of the fan unit, PscPower for the energy storage device.
As shown in equation (4), when the ac load with the suddenly increased wind speed is not changed, the ac load with the unchanged wind speed is suddenly decreased, the ac load with the suddenly increased wind speed is suddenly decreased, and the power increment obtained by the suddenly increased wind speed is larger than the ac load power increment, Δ ω is a negative number, and the energy storage device is required to store the excess energy. As shown in the inner loop of fig. 2, when | Δ ω | is greater than the absolute value of the given value of the buck branch, the buck branch is activated to maintain the power balance in the microgrid. Similarly, when the power increment obtained by the wind speed sudden drop alternating current load is not changed, the wind speed unchangeable alternating current load is suddenly increased, the wind speed sudden drop alternating current load is suddenly increased, and the wind speed sudden increase is smaller than the alternating current load power increment, the delta omega is a positive number. And when the absolute value of the given value of the boost branch is larger than the absolute value of the given value of the boost branch, starting the boost branch, and providing power support for the micro-grid system by the energy storage device. And, the VSG droop characteristics are linked to the energy storage device control algorithm with the electrical angular velocity difference. And extracting power increment generated by droop response by using the energy storage device, limiting the response amplitude of the VSG droop characteristic, limiting the sudden change range of the frequency difference at the alternating current side within a given range, and transferring unbalanced power in the microgrid system into the energy storage device. Therefore, the scheme can improve the utilization rate of the energy storage device, and the energy storage device has the energy storage effect and the virtual inertia supporting effect at the same time.
If the alternating current load is greatly increased suddenly when the energy storage device is storing energy, the energy required by the microgrid system is larger than the energy provided by the wind speed, at the moment, the VSG droop characteristic enables delta omega to jump to a positive number, the autonomous control algorithm is automatically switched to a boost branch, and the energy storage device starts to provide corresponding power support for the microgrid. Similarly, the autonomous control algorithm can also complete the switching from the boost branch to the buck branch quickly.
In the step S4, the virtual inertia control module of the fan group is specifically configured to add an additional droop characteristic to the power setting of the virtual synchronous generator control module to enhance an equivalent droop coefficient of the virtual synchronous generator control module, and absorb or release kinetic energy of a rotor of the fan group in a transient process of an alternating current load sudden change, so as to provide a transient virtual inertia support.
An additional droop characteristic is added to the active set point of the VSG as shown in figure 3. When the AC load suddenly increases, the frequency of the AC side drops to enable delta omega to be suddenly changed into positive number, and at the moment, the additional droop characteristic can instantly virtualize positive active given increment delta Pg. Because the energy storage device at the DC bus in FIG. 1 is not suitable for being over sensitive, the instantaneous delta P of sudden change of loadgThe power of the extraction fan set is mainly used. According to the traditional virtual inertia basic principle, the rotor of the fan set releases kinetic energy at the moment. Similarly, when the alternating current load suddenly drops, the kinetic energy of the rotor of the fan unit can be efficiently utilized by adding the droop characteristic, and the transient performance is enhanced. Therefore, the algorithm does not need to add extra detection measures, does not need to deduce a complex operation range, and can realize real-time operationThe action facilitates system transient power balancing.
The additional droop characteristic expression is substituted into the VSG active ring to be represented
Figure BDA0001417842440000091
By simplifying equation (5), the
Figure BDA0001417842440000092
Thus, the additional droop characteristics are equivalent to enhancing the equivalent frequency-active droop coefficient of the VSG without interfering with the VSG operation. When the power difference caused by sudden load change is rated, the larger the equivalent droop coefficient is, the smaller delta omega is, and the operation experience of the traditional synchronous generator is met.
The power giving module in the S4 is used for integrating the virtual inertia of the fan set and the virtual inertia performance of the energy storage device, providing the virtual inertia support of the fan set during the transient state of the system, outputting the virtual inertia support of the energy storage device during the steady state of the system, and combining the output power of the maximum wind energy tracking algorithm to automatically generate the power giving of the virtual synchronous generator control module.
As shown in fig. 4, the rotor kinetic energy of the fan set is adjusted by the additional droop characteristic, and the virtual inertial support is provided in the transient process by matching with the rapidity of VSG inertial response, so that the transient performance is improved. The virtual inertia of the energy storage device is adjusted by an autonomous control algorithm, the energy storage problem and the virtual inertia problem are uniformly processed by matching with the droop characteristic of the VSG, and the frequency sudden change amplitude of the alternating current side is effectively controlled in the steady-state process. The maximum wind energy is tracked and introduced into the power given module, and the virtual inertia control strategy is matched, so that the micro-grid system can flexibly cope with various wind speed sudden changes and alternating current load sudden changes, the self-regulation capacity of the micro-grid system is improved, and the contribution of the micro-grid system to the stability of a source-grid-load system is improved.
S5, detecting the sudden change of the alternating current load, automatically providing a transient virtual inertial support by the fan set virtual inertial module by using the rotor kinetic energy of the fan set, and enabling the rotating speed of the fan set to enter a transient adjusting process;
and S6, detecting that the wind speed sudden change or the alternating current side frequency sudden change exceeds a set range, automatically adjusting the internal power balance of the micro-grid system by the autonomous control module, and continuously adjusting the amplitude of the alternating current side frequency sudden change.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims (3)

1. The virtual inertia control system for the micro-grid operation of the wind turbine generator set based on the virtual synchronous generator technology is characterized by comprising a wind turbine, a fan set, a machine side inverter, an energy storage device, a DC/DC converter, a direct current bus, a grid side inverter, a transformer, an alternating current load and a sensor thereof, a filter capacitor, a maximum wind energy tracking module, a fan set control module, an autonomous control module, a power giving module, a fan set virtual inertia control module and a virtual synchronous generator control module;
the wind turbine is sequentially and electrically connected with the fan unit, the machine side inverter, the filter capacitor and the direct current bus, the energy storage device is sequentially and electrically connected with the DC/DC converter, the filter capacitor and the direct current bus, and the direct current bus is sequentially and electrically connected with the filter capacitor, the network side inverter, the transformer, the alternating current load and a sensor thereof;
the maximum wind energy tracking module is connected with the fan unit control module, and an output signal is used for driving a machine side inverter; the autonomous control module is used for driving the DC/DC converter; the maximum wind energy tracking module, the autonomous control module and the fan unit virtual inertia control module are connected with the power giving module, the power giving module and the alternating current load sensor are connected with the virtual synchronous generator control module, and output signals are used for driving a grid-side inverter;
the autonomous control module is specifically hysteresis control based on buck-boost, automatically selects a buck mode or a boost mode according to an alternating-current side frequency difference and outputs corresponding power, so that power balance in the microgrid system is promoted;
the virtual inertia control module of the fan unit is characterized in that an additional droop characteristic is added to the power setting of the virtual synchronous generator control module to enhance the equivalent droop coefficient of the virtual synchronous generator control module, and the rotor kinetic energy of the fan unit is absorbed or released in the transient process of the sudden change of the alternating current load to provide a transient virtual inertia support;
the power giving module is used for integrating virtual inertia of the fan unit and virtual inertia performance of the energy storage device, providing virtual inertial support of the fan unit during the transient state of the system, outputting the virtual inertial support of the energy storage device during the steady state of the system, and combining the output power of the maximum wind energy tracking algorithm to automatically generate the power giving of the virtual synchronous generator control module.
2. The method for controlling the virtual inertia control system for the microgrid operation of the wind turbine generator based on the virtual synchronous generator technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, starting the wind turbine, the fan unit control module and the machine side inverter, completing the voltage building process of the fan unit and stabilizing the direct current bus voltage;
s2, accessing the grid-side inverter, starting the virtual synchronous generator control module, enabling the grid-side inverter to run in an idle state, and adjusting the output voltage of the alternating current side;
s3, starting a maximum wind energy tracking module, connecting a transformer, an alternating current load and a sensor thereof, and supplying energy to the alternating current load by the system at the moment;
s4, connecting the energy storage device and the DC/DC converter into the system, starting the autonomous control module, the fan unit virtual inertia control module and the power giving module, and enabling the system to stably run;
s5, detecting the sudden change of the alternating current load, automatically providing a transient virtual inertial support by the fan set virtual inertial module by using the rotor kinetic energy of the fan set, and enabling the rotating speed of the fan set to enter a transient adjusting process;
s6, detecting that the wind speed sudden change or the alternating current side frequency sudden change exceeds a set range, automatically adjusting the internal power balance of the micro-grid system by the autonomous control module, and continuously adjusting the amplitude of the alternating current side frequency sudden change;
the autonomous control module in S4 is specifically buck-boost-based hysteresis control, and automatically selects a buck mode or a boost mode according to an ac side frequency difference and outputs corresponding power, so as to promote power balance in the microgrid system;
in the step S4, the virtual inertia control module of the fan group is specifically configured to add an additional droop characteristic to the power setting of the virtual synchronous generator control module to enhance an equivalent droop coefficient of the virtual synchronous generator control module, and absorb or release kinetic energy of a rotor of the fan group in a transient process of an alternating current load sudden change, so as to provide a transient virtual inertia support.
3. The virtual inertia control method for microgrid operation of wind generation set based on virtual synchronous generator technology as claimed in claim 2, wherein the power setting module in S4 is used for integrating virtual inertia of wind generation set and virtual inertia performance of energy storage device, providing virtual inertia support of wind generation set during system transient state, outputting virtual inertia support of energy storage device during system steady state, and combining output power of maximum wind energy tracking algorithm to automatically generate power setting of virtual synchronous generator control module.
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