CN107464241B - Analysis method based on non-diagnosis and non-treatment purpose plantar pressure - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for analyzing plantar pressure based on non-diagnosis and non-treatment purposes, which comprises the following steps: obtaining foot pressure data, and carrying out early-stage processing on the foot pressure data to obtain foot sole pressure indexes (maximum foot pressure, average foot pressure, variance foot pressure, standard deviation foot pressure, pressure intensity ratio and the like); further processing the foot pressure round edge in the foot pressure data after the previous processing to obtain a smooth foot pressure image meeting the preset requirement; and (4) carrying out partition processing on the smooth foot pressure image to obtain foot indexes (foot contact area, foot gravity center, arch length, foot length and foot width), and analyzing the standing posture, the eversion index and the arch index of the testee. The analysis method of the plantar pressure can comprehensively analyze the distribution condition of the plantar pressure, realize the further analysis of the plantar pressure data, optimize the analysis result, reduce the analysis error and accurately obtain various plantar pressure indexes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of analysis and processing of measurement data, in particular to an analysis method based on non-diagnosis and non-treatment target plantar pressure.
Background
The human foot is a complex result of layered communication as a mesh by 26 bones, 33 joints and 126 ligaments, muscles and nerves. Its basic function is mainly to support the body weight, buffer and absorb the impact force; generate forward thrust and help to adjust and maintain the balance of the human body. When a human body stands still or walks dynamically, the sole of a foot is subjected to a reaction force of the ground in the vertical direction under the action of the gravity of the human body, and the force is the sole pressure. The foot of the human body is a relatively small part of the whole body, but the pressure on the sole of the foot is enormous with each foot walk, which is approximately over 50% of the body weight. In terms of daily life, on average, each person walks 8000 to 10000 steps on both feet in about 4 hours per day. This means that a person's sole is subjected to a cumulative pressure of several hundred tons per day, which is a surprising figure. When some pathological changes or dysfunctions occur to the foot structure of the human body and the motion state of the human body is changed, the pressure on the sole and the pressure distribution are correspondingly changed. Different plantar pressure distribution characteristics and modes are revealed by analyzing and researching plantar pressure parameters, and the disease foot cause, the disease course derivation and the foot function evaluation can be analyzed by comparing and researching the plantar pressure parameters of a normal foot and a pathological foot; meanwhile, the analysis of the sole pressure also plays an important role in the design of shoes, the application of intelligent lower limb artificial limbs, the recovery of leg disease patients and the like.
The existing precise measuring equipment is generally only used by professional institutions due to the characteristics of more measuring points, complex control, high price and the like, and on the other hand, the existing simple measuring device cannot be used as the basis of professional analysis due to the characteristics of less measuring points, inaccurate positioning and the like. Moreover, because the tested person has different standing postures each time, the obtained pressure indexes have some differences; the positions of the testees standing each time may be different, and the obtained analysis results have some differences; the sole portion that does not contact the pressure plate has no pressure value and therefore a very complete foot shape cannot be obtained.
Therefore, it is necessary to develop an analysis method that can comprehensively reflect the pressure distribution of the sole of a foot, obtain a complete foot shape, and accurately calculate various foot indexes.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a non-diagnosis and non-treatment purpose-based plantar pressure analysis method, which can comprehensively analyze the distribution condition of plantar pressure according to pressure data, further analyze the plantar pressure data, optimize the analysis result and accurately obtain various plantar pressure indexes.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a non-diagnosis and non-treatment purpose-based plantar pressure analysis method, which comprises the following steps:
step (1), foot pressure data are obtained, and the foot pressure data are subjected to early-stage processing to obtain a sole pressure index;
step (2), further processing the foot pressure round edge in the foot pressure data after the preliminary treatment in the step (1) to obtain a smooth foot pressure image meeting the preset requirement;
and (3) carrying out partition processing on the smooth foot pressure image obtained in the step (2) to obtain a foot index, and analyzing the eversion index and the arch index.
In order to further optimize the above technical solution, the technical measures taken by the present invention further include:
further, the plantar pressure indexes comprise a maximum foot pressure value, a mean foot pressure value, a variance foot pressure value, a standard deviation foot pressure value and a pressure intensity ratio; the foot indexes comprise foot contact area, foot gravity center, arch length, foot length and foot width.
Further, the specific implementation process of the step 1) comprises the following steps:
a) acquiring foot pressure data by using a sensor;
b) calculating the average value, variance and standard deviation of the pressure data according to the foot pressure data obtained in the step a); a pressure center of gravity; the mean, variance, standard deviation and center of gravity of the left and right feet;
c) sequentially carrying out interpolation processing and binarization processing on the pressure data processed in the step a) and analyzing to obtain a connected domain of each coordinate point.
Furthermore, the interpolation processing is specifically to interpolate data increased by 2 × 2 times once, interpolate three times in total, and increase the data amount by 64 times, and it can be understood that the interpolation times can be adjusted accordingly here.
Further, the binarization processing is specifically as follows: the pressure value is set to 1, and the no pressure value is set to 0.
Further, the analyzing step may specifically obtain a connected domain of each coordinate point as follows: the length of the connected domain of each coordinate point in the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction is len _ x and len _ y respectively; wherein if one condition of (len _ x + len _ y) <20, len _ y/len _ x <0.05, len _ y/len _ x >20 is satisfied, the pressure value of the coordinate point is set to 0.
Further, the specific implementation process of step 2) includes:
A) carrying out corrosion expansion treatment on the pressure data subjected to the preliminary treatment in the step 1) by adopting ellipse checking;
B) and D), averagely dividing the pressure data subjected to corrosion expansion treatment in the step A) into two parts from the middle according to an x coordinate, respectively corresponding to the positions of the left foot and the right foot, and storing the corresponding pressure data into the data of the left foot and the right foot.
Further, the size of the elliptical kernel in step a) is adjusted according to a predetermined required degree of edge smoothness.
Further, the specific implementation process of the step 3) includes:
I) partitioning the left foot pressure image and the right foot pressure image processed in the step (2) according to a preset partitioning rule;
II) carrying out inverse interpolation processing on the pressure data partitioned in the step I) to restore the pressure data to the size of the acquired data, so as to obtain a partition effect graph;
III) calculating the inward and outward turning index and the arch index according to the partition effect graph in the step II).
Further, the partition rule in step I) is specifically as follows:
trisecting the left and right foot pressure images processed in the step (2) according to the length, dividing the left and right foot pressure images into an upper part, a middle part and a lower part, respectively calculating the gravity centers of the upper and lower parts of the left foot pressure image and the right foot pressure image, and respectively connecting the gravity centers of the upper and lower parts of the left foot pressure image and the right foot pressure image, wherein the connecting lines are respective L6 foot axes;
setting L1-L5 partition lines which are vertical to the axis of the L6 foot, wherein the L1 partition line and the L5 partition line are respectively tangent to the foot type, and the division of the L2 partition line, the L3 partition line and the L4 partition line respectively reflects the front toe part, the front sole part, the arch part and the heel part according to statistical data;
setting L7-L11 partition lines parallel to the axes of the L6 feet, wherein the L7 partition line and the L11 partition line are tangent to the front half part of the foot shape, the L8 partition line bisects the area between the axes of the L6 feet and the L7 partition line, and the L9 partition line and the L10 partition line trisect the area between the axes of the L6 feet and the L11 partition line;
the foot axis line L6 and the segmentation lines L1 to L11 segment the left and right foot shapes of the foot pressure image into 10 regions (region 1, region 2, region 3, region 4, region 5, region 6, region 7, region 8, region 9, and region 10) in total for each foot shape.
It is understood that more or fewer partition lines may be used for the area division based on the analysis purpose, i.e. the above partition rules may be adjusted appropriately.
Further, the inverse interpolation processing in step II) is specifically: the data amount of the inverse interpolation one time is changed into the original data amount (1/4), the data amount is changed into the original data amount 1/64 by the inverse interpolation three times; it is understood that the number of inverse interpolations can be adjusted appropriately, but the number should be equal to the number of interpolations.
Further, the valgus index is calculated by the formula:
the calculation formula of the arch index is as follows:
where S3 is defined as the area of region 3, S4 is defined as the area of region 4, S5 is defined as the area of region 5, S6 is defined as the area of region 6, S7 is defined as the area of region 7, S8 is defined as the area of region 8, S9 is defined as the area of region 9, and S10 is defined as the area of region 10.
The technical scheme of the invention comprises the following specific implementation processes:
firstly, preprocessing data to obtain some basic foot pressure indexes:
1) calculating the average value, variance and standard deviation of the pressure data according to the foot pressure data;
2) calculating the pressure gravity center:
3) dividing the pressure data into two parts from the middle according to x coordinates, respectively corresponding to the positions of the left foot and the right foot, and respectively calculating the average value, the variance, the standard deviation and the gravity center of the left foot and the right foot;
4) the pressure data is interpolated by 2 × 2 times, three times, and 64 times.
5) Carrying out binarization processing on the pressure data: namely, the pressure value is set to be 1, and the no pressure value is set to be 0;
6) and analyzing to obtain a connected domain of each coordinate point, wherein the lengths of the connected domain of each coordinate point in the directions of the x axis and the y axis are len _ x and len _ y respectively. If one of the conditions of (len _ x + len _ y) <20, len _ y/len _ x <0.05, len _ y/len _ x >20 is satisfied, the pressure value at the coordinate position is set to 0.
Secondly, further processing the edges of the foot pressure graph to obtain a smoother foot shape:
1) performing corrosion expansion processing on the pressure data by using an elliptical kernel, aiming at enabling the foot-shaped edge to be smoother, wherein the size of the elliptical kernel can be adjusted according to the requirement of the smoothness degree of the edge;
2) and dividing the processed pressure data into two parts from the middle according to the x coordinate, respectively corresponding to the positions of the left foot and the right foot, and storing the two parts into the data of the left foot and the right foot.
Thirdly, the foot pressure image is subjected to partition processing, and a foot pressure index is calculated:
1) dividing the left foot pressure image and the right foot pressure image into an upper part, a middle part and a lower part according to the length, calculating the gravity centers of the upper part and the lower part, wherein the connecting line of the two points is the axis of the foot shape and represents the direction of the tiptoes of different people when the people stand;
2) the upper and lower intersection points of the axis and the foot pressure image respectively represent the lengths of the foot shapes of the left foot and the right foot;
3) translating the axis to two sides until no intersection point exists between the axis and the front half part foot shape, wherein the distance between the two parallel lines is the foot width;
4) the left and right foot types are divided into 10 areas (as shown in fig. 2) and 11 dividing lines, and the dividing rule is as follows: l6 is the foot axis. L1, L2, L3, L4, L5 are all perpendicular to the axis of the foot, wherein L1 and L5 are tangent to the foot shape, respectively, and the divisions of L2, L3, L4 are derived from statistical data, reflecting the forefoot, ball, arch and heel portions, respectively. L7, L8, L9, L10, L11 are all parallel to the foot axis, L7 and L11 are tangent to the anterior half of the foot shape, L8 bisects the region between L6 and L7, L9 and L10 trisect the region between L6 and L11;
5) carrying out inverse interpolation processing on the pressure data, wherein the data amount of the inverse interpolation once is changed into the original value (1/4), the inverse interpolation is carried out three times, the data amount is changed into the original value 1/64, and the size of the acquired data is recovered; partitioning according to the partitioning rule to obtain a partitioning effect graph (shown in FIG. 3);
6) calculating the valgus index according to the region division: the sum of the areas 3, 4 and 9 minus the sum of the areas 5, 6, 7 and 10 is the ratio of the sum of the areas 3, 4 and 9;
7) calculating the arch index: the ratio of the area of region 8 to the sum of the areas of regions 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the analysis method analyzes the plantar pressure indexes, including the maximum value of the plantar pressure, the mean value of the plantar pressure, the variance of the plantar pressure, the standard deviation of the plantar pressure and the pressure intensity ratio; calculating foot indexes including foot contact area, foot gravity center, arch length, foot length and foot width; analyzing the standing posture of the testee, including the body gravity center and the axis direction of the feet; analyzing the type of the arch, analyzing the arch index and the turnover degree according to the sole pressure and the foot index data, and judging the type of the arch. The analysis method of the plantar pressure can comprehensively analyze the distribution condition of the plantar pressure according to the pressure data, further analyze the plantar pressure data, optimize the analysis result, reduce the analysis error, accurately obtain various plantar pressure indexes, obtain complete and accurate data of the plantar pressure under the condition of having a few measurement point measurement values, and save the hardware cost of the sensor.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block flow diagram of a method for analyzing plantar pressure in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a region division diagram obtained according to a division rule in the analysis method of plantar pressure in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a diagram of a zoning effect obtained by performing inverse interpolation processing on pressure data in the analysis method of plantar pressure in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a non-diagnosis and non-treatment purpose-based plantar pressure analysis method, which comprises the following steps of: obtaining foot pressure data, and carrying out early-stage processing on the foot pressure data to obtain a sole pressure index; further processing the foot pressure round edge in the foot pressure data after the previous processing to obtain a smooth foot pressure image meeting the preset requirement; and carrying out partition processing on the smooth foot pressure image to obtain foot indexes, and analyzing the eversion index and the arch index.
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the analysis method of plantar pressure in this embodiment includes the steps of preprocessing pressure data, performing erosion and dilation, partitioning foot pressure, calculating indexes, and the like, and specifically includes the following steps:
1) reading the raw pressure data into m _ dataDrawVector;
2) determining the number of rows m _ nRow and the number of columns m _ nCol according to the specification of the sensor;
3) calculating the mean/variance and standard deviation of the pressure data;
4) calculating the pressure gravity center:
x-axis coordinate of center of gravity: summing products of x coordinates corresponding to all pressure data and the pressure values, and dividing the products by the sum of all the pressure values;
y-axis coordinate of center of gravity: summing products of y coordinates corresponding to all pressure data and the pressure values, and dividing the products by the sum of all the pressure values;
5) dividing the pressure data into two parts from the middle according to x coordinates, and respectively corresponding to the positions of the left foot and the right foot;
6) respectively calculating the average value, the variance, the standard deviation and the gravity center of the left foot and the right foot;
7) interpolation processing is carried out on the pressure data, the interpolation is carried out once for increasing the data by 2 × 2 times, the difference value is three times, and the data amount is increased by 64 times;
8) carrying out binarization processing on the pressure data: namely, the pressure value is set to be 1, and the no pressure value is set to be 0;
9) respectively calculating the length len _ x and len _ y of the communicated area of each coordinate point in the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction; if one of the conditions of (len _ x + len _ y) <20, len _ y/len _ x <0.05, len _ y/len _ x >20 is satisfied, the pressure value at the coordinate position is set to 0;
10) performing corrosion expansion processing on the pressure data by using an elliptical kernel, aiming at enabling the foot-shaped edge to be smoother, wherein the size of the elliptical kernel can be adjusted according to the requirement of the smoothness degree of the edge;
11) dividing the processed pressure data into two parts from the middle according to x coordinates, respectively corresponding to the positions of the left foot and the right foot, and storing the two parts into the data of the left foot and the right foot;
12) trisecting the left foot and the right foot according to the length respectively, dividing the trisections into an upper part, a middle part and a lower part, calculating the gravity centers of the upper part and the lower part, and connecting lines of the two parts are the axes of the foot shapes and represent the standing postures of different people;
13) the length of the left foot and the length of the right foot are represented by the two intersection points of the axis and the foot shape respectively;
14) translating the axis to two sides until no intersection point exists between the axis and the front half part foot shape, wherein the distance between the two parallel lines is the foot width;
15) the left and right foot types are divided into 10 areas (as shown in fig. 2) and 11 dividing lines, and the dividing rule is as follows: l6 is the foot axis. L1, L2, L3, L4, L5 are all perpendicular to the axis of the foot, wherein L1 and L5 are tangent to the foot shape, respectively, and the divisions of L2, L3, L4 are derived from statistical data, reflecting the forefoot, ball, arch and heel portions, respectively. L7, L8, L9, L10, L11 are all parallel to the foot axis, L7 and L11 are tangent to the anterior half of the foot shape, L8 bisects the region between L6 and L7, and L9 and L10 trisect the region between L6 and L11.
16) Carrying out inverse interpolation processing on the pressure data, wherein the data amount of the inverse interpolation once is changed into the original value (1/4), the inverse interpolation is carried out three times, the data amount is changed into the original value 1/64, and the data obtained by recovery acquisition is large; the cells are partitioned according to a partitioning rule;
17) calculating the valgus index according to the region division: the sum of the areas 3, 4 and 9 minus the sum of the areas 5, 6, 7 and 10 is the ratio of the sum of the areas 3, 4 and 9;
18) calculating the arch index: the ratio of region 8 to the sum of regions 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10.
The analysis method of the present embodiment uses interpolation to obtain a data set in which the amount of pressure information data is increased by 64 times, and obtains a data set containing a large amount of plantar pressure information data by combining the sampling values and the estimated values. On one hand, more interpolation data are provided for basic data, so that the graph fitting of the basic information has scientific samples, and the graph of the basic information is closer to actual data; on the other hand, enough sole data are provided for calculating more sole data, so that the calculation of other indirect information has data basis, not only can the data information provided in the calculation method be calculated, but also other user-defined personalized data information can be calculated, thereby realizing the comprehensive analysis of the distribution condition of sole pressure, realizing the further analysis of sole pressure data, optimizing the analysis result and accurately obtaining various sole pressure indexes.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the computational analysis steps of the methods in the above embodiments may be implemented by associated hardware as an instruction of an associated program, and the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the storage medium may include: read-only memory, random access memory, magnetic or optical disk, and the like.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, but the embodiments are merely examples, and the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. Any equivalent modifications or alterations to this practice will occur to those skilled in the art and are intended to be within the scope of this invention. Accordingly, equivalent changes and modifications made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered by the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for analyzing plantar pressure based on non-diagnostic and non-therapeutic purposes, comprising the steps of:
step (1), foot pressure data are obtained, and the foot pressure data are subjected to early-stage processing to obtain a sole pressure index;
step (2), further processing the foot pressure round edge in the foot pressure data after the preliminary treatment in the step (1) to obtain a smooth foot pressure image meeting the preset requirement;
step (3), the smooth foot pressure image obtained in the step (2) is subjected to partition processing to obtain foot indexes, and the eversion index and the arch index are analyzed;
wherein, the specific implementation process of the step (1) comprises the following steps:
a) acquiring foot pressure data by using a sensor;
b) calculating the average value, variance and standard deviation of the pressure data according to the foot pressure data obtained in the step a); a pressure center of gravity; the mean, variance, standard deviation and center of gravity of the left and right feet;
c) sequentially carrying out interpolation processing and binarization processing on the pressure data processed in the step a) and analyzing to obtain a connected domain of each coordinate point;
the specific implementation process of the step (2) comprises the following steps:
A) performing corrosion expansion treatment on the pressure data subjected to the preliminary treatment in the step (1) by ellipse checking;
B) and D), averagely dividing the pressure data subjected to corrosion expansion treatment in the step A) into two parts from the middle according to an x coordinate, respectively corresponding to the positions of the left foot and the right foot, and storing the corresponding pressure data into the data of the left foot and the right foot.
2. The method for analyzing plantar pressure based on non-diagnosis and non-treatment purposes as claimed in claim 1, wherein the interpolation processing is specifically to interpolate data increased by 2 × 2 times once, interpolate three times in total and increase the data amount by 64 times.
3. The analysis method based on non-diagnosis and non-treatment purpose plantar pressure according to claim 1, characterized in that the binarization processing specifically comprises: setting a pressure value to be 1 and setting a no-pressure value to be 0; the connected domain of each coordinate point obtained by the analysis is specifically as follows: the length of the connected domain of each coordinate point in the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction is len _ x and len _ y respectively; wherein if one of conditions (len _ x + len _ y) <20, (len _ y/len _ x) <0.05, (len _ y/len _ x) >20 is satisfied, the pressure value of the coordinate point is set to 0.
4. The method for analyzing plantar pressure based on non-diagnostic and non-therapeutic purposes according to claim 1, wherein the size of the elliptical nucleus in step A) is adjusted according to a predetermined required degree of edge smoothing.
5. The method for analyzing plantar pressure based on non-diagnosis and non-treatment purposes according to claim 1, wherein the step (3) is implemented by the following steps:
I) partitioning the left foot pressure image and the right foot pressure image processed in the step (2) according to a preset partitioning rule;
II) carrying out inverse interpolation processing on the pressure data in the step I) to restore the pressure data to the size of the acquired data, and obtaining a partition effect graph;
III) calculating the inward and outward turning index and the arch index according to the partition effect graph in the step II).
6. The method for analyzing plantar pressure based on non-diagnosis and non-treatment purposes according to claim 5, wherein the partition rule in the step I) is as follows:
trisecting the left and right foot pressure images processed in the step (2) according to the length, dividing the left and right foot pressure images into an upper part, a middle part and a lower part, respectively calculating the gravity centers of the upper and lower parts of the left foot pressure image and the right foot pressure image, and respectively connecting the gravity centers of the upper and lower parts of the left foot pressure image and the right foot pressure image, wherein the connecting lines are respective L6 foot axes;
setting L1-L5 partition lines which are vertical to the axis of the L6 foot, wherein the L1 partition line and the L5 partition line are respectively tangent to the foot type, and the division of the L2 partition line, the L3 partition line and the L4 partition line respectively reflects the front toe part, the front sole part, the arch part and the heel part according to statistical data;
setting L7-L11 partition lines parallel to the axes of the L6 feet, wherein the L7 partition line and the L11 partition line are tangent to the front half part of the foot shape, the L8 partition line bisects the area between the axes of the L6 feet and the L7 partition line, and the L9 partition line and the L10 partition line trisect the area between the axes of the L6 feet and the L11 partition line;
the foot axis line L6 and the segmentation lines L1 to L11 segment the left and right foot shapes of the foot pressure image, respectively, and each foot shape is divided into 10 regions in total.
7. The method for analyzing plantar pressure based on non-diagnosis and non-treatment purposes according to claim 5, wherein the inverse interpolation processing in the step II) is specifically as follows: the data amount is inverted once (1/4) and is inverted three times, so that the data amount is changed to 1/64.
8. The method for analyzing plantar pressure according to claim 6, wherein the plantar pressure is measured by a computer,
the calculation formula of the valgus index is as follows:
the calculation formula of the arch index is as follows:
where S3 is defined as the area of region 3, S4 is defined as the area of region 4, S5 is defined as the area of region 5, S6 is defined as the area of region 6, S7 is defined as the area of region 7, S8 is defined as the area of region 8, S9 is defined as the area of region 9, and S10 is defined as the area of region 10.
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