CN107462637A - Ultrasonic echo detection method and device - Google Patents
Ultrasonic echo detection method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN107462637A CN107462637A CN201710775900.7A CN201710775900A CN107462637A CN 107462637 A CN107462637 A CN 107462637A CN 201710775900 A CN201710775900 A CN 201710775900A CN 107462637 A CN107462637 A CN 107462637A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/34—Generating the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
- G01N29/341—Generating the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor with time characteristics
- G01N29/343—Generating the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor with time characteristics pulse waves, e.g. particular sequence of pulses, bursts
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
- G01N29/24—Probes
- G01N29/2437—Piezoelectric probes
- G01N29/245—Ceramic probes, e.g. lead zirconate titanate [PZT] probes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
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- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
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- G01N29/2487—Directing probes, e.g. angle probes
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- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
- G01N29/32—Arrangements for suppressing undesired influences, e.g. temperature or pressure variations, compensating for signal noise
- G01N29/326—Arrangements for suppressing undesired influences, e.g. temperature or pressure variations, compensating for signal noise compensating for temperature variations
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/023—Solids
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/028—Material parameters
- G01N2291/0289—Internal structure, e.g. defects, grain size, texture
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Abstract
The embodiments of the invention provide a kind of ultrasonic echo detection method and device, wherein, method includes：Ultrasonic excitation signal is applied to the ultrasonic piezoelectric for being pre-set at workpiece surface, to produce the ultrasonic wave propagated towards workpiece bottom direction in workpiece surface；The ultrasonic echo that workpiece surface is returned to from workpiece bottom is detected.The present invention applies ultrasonic excitation signal by the workpiece of the ultrasonic piezoelectric to being arranged on workpiece surface and is allowed to produce the ultrasonic wave propagated towards workpiece bottom direction, the ultrasonic wave can run through inside workpiece and be returned from workpiece bottom, because the ultrasonic wave has run through whole part of the inside workpiece from surface to bottom, the complete structure characteristic of inside workpiece can be obtained exactly, the operation of the Work inspection devices such as identification, state-detection is carried out to workpiece so as to be easy to subsequently be based on ultrasonic echo, improves the efficiency and accuracy rate of Work inspection device.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to mechanical workpieces detection field, more particularly to a kind of ultrasonic echo detection method and device.
Background technology
Workpiece is the most basic component units of all kinds of plant equipment, in heavy mechanical equipment (such as wind power generating set
Deng) in, thousands of workpiece is related to the operating of equipment and the safety of operating personnel.Therefore, for having installed workpiece (especially
Crucial workpiece) inspect periodically and be particularly important.When checking having installed workpiece, because piece count is numerous,
Plus factors such as the own dimensions of workpiece, installation site, mounting means so that Work inspection device work (such as the inspecting identity of workpiece
Look into, status checkout etc.) turn into a difficult point.
In the prior art, there is the scheme that (such as workpiece flaw detection) is checked workpiece using ultrasonic wave, it usually needs
Using moveable ultrasound source in the case where being close to workpiece surface to be detected, mobile launches ultrasonic wave simultaneously to inside workpiece
Detection echo (including the ultrasound source direct back wave on surface, the back wave of basal surface, defect or wound echo for being close to etc.),
And the defects of echo of above-mentioned blending constituent or wound echo are identified based on recognizer etc., to realize that workpiece is detected a flaw
Purpose.
But in aforesaid way, on the one hand, the operating process of echo detecting is relatively complicated, and detection efficiency is relatively low, and then
Work inspection device is less efficient；On the other hand, the echo detected by way of mobile ultrasound source is the echo of blending constituent,
The identification of defect or wound is carried out based on algorithm by the echo to the blending constituent, the accuracy rate and effect of Work inspection device can be influenceed
Rate.
The content of the invention
The invention provides a kind of ultrasonic echo detection method and device, ultrasonic echo detection efficiency can be improved, is entered
And improve the efficiency and accuracy rate of Work inspection device.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, embodiments herein adopts the following technical scheme that：
First aspect, there is provided a kind of ultrasonic echo detection method, including：
Ultrasonic excitation signal is applied to the ultrasonic piezoelectric for being pre-set at workpiece surface, to be produced in workpiece surface
The ultrasonic wave propagated towards workpiece bottom direction；
The ultrasonic echo for returning to the workpiece surface from the workpiece bottom is detected.
Second aspect, there is provided a kind of ultrasonic echo detection means, including：
The positive pole probe and negative pole probe contacted respectively for the positive pole and negative pole with the ultrasonic piezoelectric on workpiece；
Ultrasonic excitation device, with the positive pole probe and the negative pole probe electrically connect, for the positive pole pop one's head in
The negative pole probe applies the first voltage signal for excitation ultrasound ripple；
Ultrasonic echo collector, electrically connect with positive pole probe and negative pole probe, returned for detecting ultrasonic wave
Ripple excites second voltage signal caused by the ultrasonic piezoelectric.
Ultrasonic echo detection method and device provided by the invention, pass through the ultrasonic piezoresistive material to being arranged on workpiece surface
The workpiece of material applies ultrasonic excitation signal and is allowed to produce the ultrasonic wave propagated towards workpiece bottom direction, and the ultrasonic wave can pass through
Wear inside workpiece and returned from workpiece bottom, because the ultrasonic wave has run through whole part of the inside workpiece from surface to bottom,
The complete structure characteristic of inside workpiece can be obtained exactly, and workpiece is carried out so as to be easy to subsequently be based on ultrasonic echo
The Work inspection devices such as identification, state-detection operate, and improve the efficiency and accuracy rate of Work inspection device.In addition, provided in the present invention
Detection method in, the object for applying ultrasonic excitation signal is integrally fixed at the ultrasonic piezoelectric of workpiece surface, caused by it
Ultrasonic wave direction and path are relatively stable, compared with prior art in for echo caused by by way of mobile ultrasound source,
It does not have excessive blending constituent, and more efficiently and accurately the characteristic of workpiece itself can be detected.
In addition, in above-mentioned detection device, the output of ultrasonic excitation device and the input of ultrasonic echo collector share
A pair of both positive and negative polarities probes, to cause the structure of detection means more to simplify, and greatly improve detection efficiency.
Described above is only the general introduction of technical solution of the present invention, in order to better understand the technological means of the present invention,
And can be practiced according to the content of specification, and in order to allow above and other objects of the present invention, feature and advantage can
Become apparent, below especially exemplified by the embodiment of the present invention.
Brief description of the drawings
By reading the detailed description of hereafter preferred embodiment, it is various other the advantages of and benefit it is common for this area
Technical staff will be clear understanding.Accompanying drawing is only used for showing the purpose of preferred embodiment, and is not considered as to the present invention
Limitation.And in whole accompanying drawing, identical part is denoted by the same reference numerals.In the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 is ultrasonic echo detection method schematic flow sheet in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of ultrasonic piezoelectric in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of ultrasonic echo detection means in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4-1 and Fig. 4-2 is the both positive and negative polarity sonde configuration schematic diagram of ultrasonic echo detection means in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4-3 is that the both positive and negative polarity probe of ultrasonic echo detection means in the embodiment of the present invention contacts with ultrasonic piezoelectric
Structural representation；
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of another ultrasonic echo detection means in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of another ultrasonic echo detection means in the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
The exemplary embodiment of the disclosure is more fully described below with reference to accompanying drawings.Although the disclosure is shown in accompanying drawing
Exemplary embodiment, it being understood, however, that may be realized in various forms the disclosure without should be by embodiments set forth here
Limited.On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to facilitate a more thoroughly understanding of the present invention, and can be by the scope of the present disclosure
Completely it is communicated to those skilled in the art.
Technical scheme is further illustrated below by embodiment.
Embodiment one
As shown in figure 1, for the ultrasonic echo detection method schematic flow sheet shown in the embodiment of the present invention, this method can wrap
Include following steps：
S110, ultrasonic excitation signal is applied to the ultrasonic piezoelectric for being pre-set at workpiece surface, with workpiece table
Face produces the ultrasonic wave propagated towards workpiece bottom direction.
In the present embodiment, ultrasonic piezoelectric can use piezoelectric ceramics, piezoelectric single crystal etc., referring to shown in Fig. 2, with super
Acoustic pressure electric material is exemplified by piezoelectric ceramics, the ultrasonic piezoelectric 20 may include positive pole 201, negative pole 202, for setting
, can be by external ultrasound driving source just when the workpiece for having ultrasonic piezoelectric is checked (such as identification, state-detection)
Pole probe, negative pole probe are connected to positive pole 201, the negative pole 202 of ultrasonic piezoelectric, to be applied to ultrasonic piezoelectric 20
Add and produce ultrasonic wave in workpiece surface after ultrasonic excitation signal, the ultrasonic wave can be propagated downwards along workpiece, and reach work
Part returns behind bottom, and the ultrasonic wave of return is referred to as ultrasonic echo.
In specific implementation, under a kind of implementation, the ultrasonic piezoelectric can be pre-set at workpiece with fixed form
Surface, than such as by gluing (such as using two component, instant drying adhesive), sputtering technique, 3D printing technique etc. by ultrasonic piezoelectricity
Material is fixedly installed on workpiece surface, and by the fixed setting mode, setting can once use for a long time, be set without repetition,
Save human cost；In addition, using the fixed setting mode, without as needed for some on-fixed set-up modes in workpiece surface
Ultrasonic coupling agent is smeared between ultrasonic piezoelectric, can further save material and human cost.
Under another implementation, the ultrasonic piezoelectric can be pre-set at workpiece surface in a manner of on-fixed, than
Ultrasonic piezoelectric is arranged at workpiece surface such as by means such as magnetic support, fixed supports, in actual applications, can also be
Ultrasonic coupling agent etc. is smeared between workpiece surface and ultrasonic piezoelectric, with avoid due to ultrasonic piezoelectric and workpiece surface it
Between air gap be present and cause ultrasonic wave to launch in Air Interface, most of ultrasonic wave can not enter the feelings of people's inside workpiece
Condition, with this, by the on-fixed set-up mode, it can be more convenient for changing excess sound pressure when ultrasonic piezoelectric breaks down, damaged
Electric material, without integrally being changed to workpiece, to save cost.
S120, the ultrasonic echo that workpiece surface is returned to from workpiece bottom is detected.
After workpiece surface produces ultrasonic wave, it is overall via ultrasonic piezoelectric, inside workpiece to can detect the ultrasonic wave
And the ultrasonic echo returned by workpiece bottom, to realize to enter workpiece based on the ultrasonic echo is analyzed and processed
The purpose that row checks.Because ultrasonic echo from workpiece surface through inside workpiece structure reaches workpiece bottom, then further along
The surface that bottom is returned to where ultrasound piezoelectric material, the transmission path of whole ultrasonic wave and ultrasonic echo have run through workpiece
Whole internal structure, therefore the Global Information of the internal structure of workpiece can be carried, based on the Global Information, can be more convenient for follow-up
Checked workpiece (for example entering identification, state-detection etc. to workpiece), can be improved to the efficiency of Work inspection device with this and
Accuracy rate.
In addition, while ultrasonic echo is detected, can also further detect the temperature of workpiece, due to temperature in itself for
Ultrasonic echo has a certain impact, and therefore, can subsequently be based on ultrasonic echo to workpiece according to the temperature data detected
Check and certain correcting action is provided, to improve the accuracy rate of Work inspection device result.
In specific implementation, can apply to the ultrasonic piezoelectric for being pre-set at workpiece surface for excitation ultrasound ripple
Voltage signal (in the present embodiment, can be described as first voltage signal), for example can apply N number of (such as 1 to 5) with default frequency
The first voltage signal of rate, default amplitude and predetermined pulse number, the first voltage signal can use square wave, therefore, ultrasound
Wave-exciting device 33 can use square voltage pulse generator.
Wherein, specific amplitude can return according to the characteristic of ultrasonic piezoelectric and/or the ultrasonic wave of detection ultrasonic echo
The resolution ratio of ripple collector determines, typically can change in the range of 16V-110V；Due to pulse number and pulse data
It is directly proportional, and pulse data can cause the phenomenon of first voltage signal and second voltage Signal averaging too much, therefore, it is also desirable to root
Suitable pulse number is set according to being actually needed.
Based on first voltage signal after workpiece surface produces ultrasonic wave, ultrasonic wave is propagated downwards along inside workpiece, and
Returned after workpiece bottom is reached, form ultrasonic echo, can in turn after the ultrasonic echo reaches ultrasonic piezoelectric
Excitation ultrasound piezoelectric produces voltage signal (in this embodiment, can be described as second voltage signal).In actual applications, consider
To the spread speed of ultrasonic wave within the workpiece, need to meet wanting for certain sampling duration for detecting for second voltage signal
Ask.For example,
It can meet that the sampling duration (also being understood as detecting duration) of equation below is sampled (i.e. to ultrasonic echo
Detection)：
Using thickness × 2/ (speed that ultrasonic wave is propagated in the material of workpiece) × correction factor of duration ＞ workpiece, its
In, correction factor >=2..
Wherein, if beginning to detect second voltage signal after just exciting first voltage signal, it is possible to can not detect
To complete second voltage signal, therefore, correction factor can be defined as being more than or equal to 2, to guarantee to have time enough
To detect complete ultrasonic echo, in the present embodiment, according to practical experience, for example the correction factor can be preferably provided with
For 2.1, that is, the formula for sampling duration is：
Using thickness × 2/ (speed that ultrasonic wave is propagated in the material of workpiece) × 2.1 of duration ＞ workpiece.
In the implementation procedure of above-mentioned the present embodiment, two actions are mainly concerned with, one is the application ultrasound in S110
The action of ripple excitation signal, another is the action of the detection ultrasonic echo in S120, and the execution opportunity of this two actions can
It is configured according to actual conditions.
In one case, the action and the action of detection ultrasonic echo that may be configured as applying ultrasonic excitation signal are handed over
For progress, such as, it can perform the dynamic of one-time detection ultrasonic echo after the action of a ultrasonic excitation signal is applied
Make, this two kinds actions alternately, such a mode more suitable for processor switch speed it is very fast (such as switch speed nanosecond with
Under) and switching duration fix in the case of, by such a mode, first voltage signal and ultrasound as ultrasonic excitation signal
Interference will not be produced between second voltage signal caused by ripple echo, the second voltage signal detected has directly reacted ultrasound
Ripple echo, it is not necessary to carry out extra signal transacting, detection efficiency is higher.
In the case of another, it may be configured as at least while the action of ultrasonic excitation signal is applied, beginning to perform
Detect the action of ultrasonic echo, that is to say, that apply the action and the action of detection ultrasonic echo of ultrasonic excitation signal
Carry out simultaneously, or, the action of ultrasonic echo is detected earlier than the action for applying ultrasonic excitation signal, using such a mode,
Mainly consider in the case of ultrasonic echo speed there may be the action hysteresis of detection ultrasonic echo
Phenomenon, therefore so can may start the stage of detection by performing the detection of ultrasonic echo in advance or simultaneously, certainly
It is not the signal of ultrasonic echo to detect some, but in actual applications, can in follow-up data processing procedure by those not
It is that the signal of ultrasonic echo is removed.
In another case, the action that may be configured as detecting ultrasonic echo is carried out always, can be in subsequent treatment mistake
In journey in all testing result data, identify the signal of ultrasonic echo and extracted, with based on ultrasonic echo
Carry out the operation such as inspection of workpiece.
In the present embodiment, ultrasonic wave is sent via the whole from surface to bottom of workpiece from the surface of ultrasonic piezoelectric
Body, and returned from workpiece bottom interface and produce ultrasonic echo, the ultrasonic echo have passed through the entirety of workpiece in the opposite direction,
Therefore, the ultrasonic echo can carry the Global Information of workpiece, and Work inspection device is carried out according to the analyzing and processing to the Global Information
(for example entering identification, state-detection etc. to workpiece), also imply that and workpiece inspection is carried out according to the architectural characteristic of workpiece itself
Look into, with this, can be more convenient for subsequently being based on ultrasound echo data to Work inspection device behaviour such as workpiece progress identification, state-detections
Make, to improve efficiency and accuracy rate to Work inspection device.
Embodiment two
As shown in figure 3, the structural representation of the ultrasonic echo detection means for the embodiment of the present invention two, the device 30 can
With including：Positive pole probe 31, negative pole probe 32, ultrasonic excitation device 33 and ultrasonic echo collector 34, wherein：
Positive pole probe 31 and negative pole probe 32, are contacted respectively available for the positive and negative electrode with the ultrasonic piezoelectric on workpiece.
Wherein, positive pole probe 31, negative pole probe 32 can be directly arranged on the device 30, and the device 30 can be also connected to by lead.
Referring to shown in Fig. 4-1,4-2,4-3, in the present embodiment, the device 30 may be configured as circular in cross-section (such as
Cylinder shown in Fig. 4-2), positive pole probe 31 and negative pole probe 32 may be disposed on the end face of device 30, and the end face may include
Endocyclic area 301, middle annular zone 302 and outer region 303.
By taking ultrasonic piezoelectric 20 piezoelectric ceramics as shown in Figure 2 as an example, positive pole probe 31 may be disposed at and ultrasonic piezoelectricity
The corresponding position (namely in endocyclic area 301) of the circular positive pole 201 of material 20, for ultrasonic piezoelectric (such as
Piezoelectric ceramics) circular positive pole 201 abut against；Negative pole probe 32 may be disposed at the annular negative pole with ultrasonic piezoelectric 20
202 corresponding positions (namely in outer region 303), for the annular with ultrasonic piezoelectric (such as piezoelectric ceramics)
Negative pole 202 abuts against.
In actual applications, ultrasonic piezoelectric 20 can be encapsulated in workpiece surface, in the event of encapsulation, can seal
The surface of assembling structure sets contact corresponding with the positive and negative electrode of ultrasonic piezoelectric, for example, in structure as shown in Figure 2, circle
Annular negative pole 202 and circular positive pole 201 can be encapsulated by insulating materials, but in annular negative pole 202 and the correspondence of circular positive pole 201
Region on can be provided with multiple contacts, for by lead or directly with the detection means 30 of the embodiment of the present invention just
Pole probe 31 and negative pole probe 32 are in contact.
Ultrasonic excitation device 33,32 electrically connect with positive pole probe 31 and negative pole probe, for being popped one's head in 31 and negative pole to positive pole
Probe 32 applies the first voltage signal for excitation ultrasound ripple.
As described in previous methods, first voltage signal can be that N number of (such as 1 to 5) has predeterminated frequency, default amplitude
And the voltage signal of predetermined pulse number, the first voltage signal can use square wave, therefore, ultrasonic excitation device 33 can use
Square voltage pulse generator.
Wherein, specific amplitude can return according to the characteristic of ultrasonic piezoelectric and/or the ultrasonic wave of detection ultrasonic echo
The resolution ratio of ripple collector determines, typically can change in the range of 16V (volt) -110V (volt)；Pulse number and pulse
Data are directly proportional, and pulse data can cause the phenomenon of first voltage signal and second voltage Signal averaging too much, therefore, also need
Suitable pulse number is set according to being actually needed.
Ultrasonic echo collector 34, it can electrically connect with positive pole probe 31 and negative pole probe 32, be returned for detecting ultrasonic wave
Second voltage signal caused by ripple excitation ultrasound piezoelectric 20.
As described in embodiment one, after workpiece surface produces ultrasonic wave, ultrasonic wave is propagated downwards by workpiece, and
Returned after reaching workpiece bottom, form ultrasonic echo, after the ultrasonic echo reaches ultrasonic piezoelectric, can swashed in turn
Send out piezoelectric ultrasonic and produce the second piezoelectric signal, second piezoelectric signal can be popped one's head in by positive pole 31 and negative pole probe 32 come
Detect.
Because ultrasonic echo can be overall via inside workpiece, therefore the Global Information of workpiece can be carried, based on the entirety
It information, can be more convenient for subsequently checking workpiece (for example entering workpiece identification, state-detection etc.), can be improved pair with this
The efficiency and accuracy rate of Work inspection device.
In addition, referring to shown in Fig. 5, the device 30 may also include Temperature sampler 36 and temp probe 35, temp probe 35
Electrically connected with Temperature sampler 36, temp probe 35 can be used for abutting with workpiece and conducting temperature signal to Temperature sampler
36。
In actual applications, temp probe 35 can be existing temperature sensor, for example optional accuracy of detection is higher
Model PT1000 temperature sensor, and positive pole probe 31 can be arranged at damascene structures for the temperature sensor or negative pole is visited
In first 32, can also use magnetic-type structure setting in positive pole probe 31 on or negative pole probe 32 on, certainly, using above-mentioned insertion
Structure, more simplify from a structural point, and then may be such that the overall structure of device 30 is more simplified.
With this, the temperature of workpiece can be also further detected while ultrasonic echo is detected, because temperature is in itself to super
Sound echo has a certain impact, and therefore, workpiece can be entered based on ultrasonic echo to be follow-up according to the temperature data detected
Row, which checks, provides certain correcting action, to improve the accuracy rate of Work inspection device result.
Referring to shown in Fig. 6, in another embodiment, the device 30 may also include controller 37, and controller 37 can be with ultrasound
Wave-exciting device 33, ultrasonic echo collector 34.Wherein, controller 37 can be used for control ultrasonic excitation device 33 and ultrasonic wave to return
Ripple collector 34 performs the action for applying ultrasonic excitation signal and the action of perform detection ultrasonic echo respectively.
In addition, controller 37 can also be connected with Temperature sampler 36, for control the work of Temperature sampler 36 with
And receive the temperature data that Temperature sampler 36 is sent and analyze and process etc..
Under a kind of implementation, controller 37 can control ultrasonic excitation device 33 and ultrasonic echo collector 34 each other
Alternation.For example controllable ultrasonic excitation device 33 controls ultrasonic wave after the action of a ultrasonic excitation signal is applied
Echo acquirement device 34 perform one-time detection ultrasonic echo action, this two kinds action alternately, such a mode more suitable for
In the case of in the case of processor switch speed very fast (for example switch speed is below nanosecond) and switching duration fixation, pass through
Such a mode, as between second voltage signal caused by the first voltage signal and ultrasonic echo of ultrasonic excitation signal
Interference will not be produced, the second voltage signal detected has directly reacted ultrasonic echo, it is not necessary to carries out at extra signal
Reason, detection efficiency are higher.
Under another implementation, controller 37 is controllable at least to apply ultrasonic excitation letter in ultrasonic excitation device 33
Number action while start, ultrasonic echo collector 34 begins to the action of perform detection ultrasonic echo.It is such as controllable
Ultrasonic excitation device 33 processed applies the action of ultrasonic excitation signal and ultrasonic echo collector 34 detects ultrasonic echo
Action is carried out simultaneously, or, the action that ultrasonic echo collector 34 detects ultrasonic echo is applied earlier than ultrasonic excitation device 33
Add the action of ultrasonic excitation signal, using such a mode, mainly consider in the case of ultrasonic echo speed,
There may be the phenomenon of the action hysteresis of detection ultrasonic echo, therefore can be by performing ultrasonic echo in advance or simultaneously
Detection, certainly, it may so detect that some are not the signal of ultrasonic echo in the stage for starting detection, but actually should
Can not be that the signal of ultrasonic echo is removed by those in follow-up data processing procedure in.
Certainly, a kind of situation also be present, controller 37 can control ultrasonic echo collector 34 to detect ultrasonic echo
Action is carried out always, can identify the signal of ultrasonic echo in subsequent processes in all detection data
And extracted, to carry out the operation such as inspection of workpiece based on ultrasonic echo.
In actual applications, controller 37 can be additionally used in the sampling duration for setting ultrasonic echo collector 34, during sampling
Length can meet equation below：
Using thickness × 2/ (speed that ultrasonic wave is propagated in the material of workpiece) × correction factor of duration ＞ workpiece, its
In, correction factor >=2..
Wherein, begin to detect second voltage signal if first voltage signal has just been sent, it is possible to can not detect
Complete second voltage signal, therefore, correction factor can be defined as being more than or equal to 2, with guarantee to have time enough with
Complete ultrasonic echo is detected, in the present embodiment, according to practical experience, for example the correction factor can be preferably arranged to
2.1, that is, sample duration formula be：
Using thickness × 2/ (speed that ultrasonic wave is propagated in the material of workpiece) × 2.1 of duration ＞ workpiece.
In specific implementation, the second voltage signal that ultrasonic echo collector 34 can also be used to collect is converted to number
Word information is simultaneously sent to controller 37, and based on this, controller 37 can also be used to digital information being sent to background server, so as to
Server is carried out the operation such as analyzing and processing based on digital information, and to be more convenient for, server is carried out at analysis to second voltage signal
Reason, improve the treatment effeciency of server.
In the present embodiment, ultrasonic wave from the surface that ultrasonic piezoelectric is set send down via workpiece entirety and from
Workpiece bottom, which returns, produces ultrasonic echo, and the ultrasonic echo have passed through the entirety of workpiece in the opposite direction, therefore, the ultrasound
Ripple echo can carry the Global Information of workpiece, according to carrying out Work inspection device to the analyzing and processing of the Global Information (such as to workpiece
Enter identification, state-detection etc.), also imply that and Work inspection device is carried out according to the architectural characteristic of workpiece itself, can be more with this
It is easy to subsequently be based on ultrasound echo data to performance review operations such as workpiece progress identification, state-detections, with raising pair
The efficiency and accuracy rate of Work inspection device.
Meanwhile the output of ultrasonic excitation device and the input of ultrasonic echo collector have shared a pair of positive and negative electrode probes,
So so that the structure of the ultrasonic echo detection means is more simplified.In addition, positive and negative electrode probe connects with ultrasonic piezoelectric
Touch, on the one hand can apply the voltage signal of excitation ultrasound ripple to ultrasonic piezoelectric, on the other hand detectable ultrasonic echo swashs
Send out caused by piezoelectric voltage signal ultrasonic, its voltage signal collected can be used for subsequently based on ultrasonic echo to work
Part is checked, to improve the efficiency of Work inspection device and accuracy rate.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that：Realizing all or part of step of above-mentioned each method embodiment can lead to
The related hardware of programmed instruction is crossed to complete.Foregoing program can be stored in a computer read/write memory medium.The journey
Sequence upon execution, execution the step of including above-mentioned each method embodiment；And foregoing storage medium includes：ROM, RAM, magnetic disc or
Person's CD etc. is various can be with the medium of store program codes.
Finally it should be noted that：Various embodiments above is merely illustrative of the technical solution of the present invention, rather than its limitations；To the greatest extent
The present invention is described in detail with reference to foregoing embodiments for pipe, it will be understood by those within the art that：Its according to
The technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments can so be modified, either which part or all technical characteristic are entered
Row equivalent substitution；And these modifications or replacement, the essence of appropriate technical solution is departed from various embodiments of the present invention technology
The scope of scheme.
Claims (15)
- A kind of 1. ultrasonic echo detection means, it is characterised in that including：The positive pole probe and negative pole probe contacted respectively for the positive pole and negative pole with the ultrasonic piezoelectric on workpiece；Ultrasonic excitation device, with the positive pole probe and the negative pole probe electrically connect, for the positive pole pop one's head in it is described Negative pole probe applies the first voltage signal for excitation ultrasound ripple；Ultrasonic echo collector, electrically connect with positive pole probe and negative pole probe, swash for detecting ultrasonic echo Send out caused by ultrasonic piezoelectric second voltage signal described.
- 2. detection means according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described also including Temperature sampler and temp probe Temp probe electrically connects with the Temperature sampler, for being abutted with workpiece and conducting temperature signal to the temperature acquisition Device.
- 3. detection means according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the positive pole probe and negative pole probe are arranged at transversal On the end face of the rounded detection means in face, the positive pole probe is arranged at corresponding with the circular positive pole of ultrasonic piezoelectric Position, the negative pole probe are arranged at the position corresponding with the annular negative pole of ultrasonic piezoelectric.
- 4. detection means according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the ultrasonic excitation device is sent out for square voltage pulse Raw device.
- 5. detection means according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the ultrasonic excitation device is with default amplitude, frequency The first voltage signal of rate and pulse number output square pulse.
- 6. detection means according to claim 4, it is characterised in that also include and the ultrasonic excitation device and described super The controller of sound echo collector connection, the controller are used to control the ultrasonic excitation device and the ultrasonic echo Collector performs the action for applying ultrasonic excitation signal and the action of perform detection ultrasonic echo respectively, and makes the ultrasound Wave-exciting device and the ultrasonic echo collector work alternating with each other.
- 7. detection means according to claim 4, it is characterised in that also include and the ultrasonic excitation device and described super The controller of sound echo collector connection, the controller are used to control the ultrasonic excitation device and the ultrasonic echo Collector performs the action for applying ultrasonic excitation signal and the action of perform detection ultrasonic echo respectively, and at least to exist While the action that the ultrasonic excitation device applies ultrasonic excitation signal starts, the ultrasonic echo collector is begun to The action of perform detection ultrasonic echo.
- 8. the detection means according to claim 6 or 7, it is characterised in that the controller is additionally operable to set the ultrasound The sampling duration of ripple echo acquirement device, the sampling duration meet equation below：Using thickness × 2/ (speed that ultrasonic wave is propagated in the material of the workpiece) × correction factor of duration ＞ workpiece, its In, correction factor >=2.
- 9. the detection means according to claim 6 or 7, it is characterised in that the ultrasonic echo collector be additionally operable to by The second voltage signal detected is converted to digital information and is sent to the controller, and the controller is additionally operable to the number Word information is sent to background server.
- A kind of 10. ultrasonic echo detection method, it is characterised in that including：Ultrasonic excitation signal is applied to the ultrasonic piezoelectric for being pre-set at workpiece surface, to produce direction in workpiece surface The ultrasonic wave that workpiece bottom direction is propagated；The ultrasonic echo for returning to the workpiece surface from the workpiece bottom is detected.
- 11. according to the method for claim 10, it is characterised in thatUltrasonic excitation signal is applied to the ultrasonic piezoelectric for being pre-set at workpiece surface, to produce direction in workpiece surface The ultrasonic wave that workpiece bottom direction is propagated, including：Apply the first voltage signal for excitation ultrasound ripple to the ultrasonic piezoelectric；The ultrasonic echo for returning to the workpiece surface from the workpiece bottom is detected, including：Detect the ultrasonic echo and excite second voltage signal caused by the ultrasonic piezoelectric.
- 12. according to the method for claim 10, it is characterised in that apply action and the detection ultrasound of ultrasonic excitation signal The action of ripple echo is alternately.
- 13. according to the method for claim 10, it is characterised in that at least applying the same of the action of ultrasonic excitation signal When, begin to the action of perform detection ultrasonic echo.
- 14. according to the method for claim 10, it is characterised in that the sampling duration to the ultrasonic echo meets as follows Formula：Using thickness × 2/ (speed that ultrasonic wave is propagated in the material of the workpiece) × correction factor of duration ＞ workpiece, its In, correction factor >=2.
- 15. according to the method for claim 10, it is characterised in that also include：The temperature of the workpiece is also detected while the ultrasonic echo is detected.
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| CN109470772A (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2019-03-15 | 中国特种设备检测研究院 | A kind of non-destructive measuring method of the internal heat resource intensity size and location based on ultrasound |
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| CN112033597B (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2022-05-10 | 苏州博昇科技有限公司 | High-strength bolt axial force ultrasonic double-wave rapid calibration and detection method |
| CN114235953A (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-03-25 | 中国航发动力股份有限公司 | Ultrasonic phased array detection method for internal defects of reinforcing ribs of parts containing cavity diffusion welding |
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