CN107462395B - Interference coefficient calibration method between a kind of balance component - Google Patents
Interference coefficient calibration method between a kind of balance component Download PDFInfo
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- CN107462395B CN107462395B CN201710700999.4A CN201710700999A CN107462395B CN 107462395 B CN107462395 B CN 107462395B CN 201710700999 A CN201710700999 A CN 201710700999A CN 107462395 B CN107462395 B CN 107462395B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M9/00—Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
- G01M9/06—Measuring arrangements specially adapted for aerodynamic testing
- G01M9/062—Wind tunnel balances; Holding devices combined with measuring arrangements
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Abstract
The present invention relates to interference coefficient calibration methods between a kind of balance component, using the method that the fixed variation of balance is loaded vector angle, simulating balance roll angle installation error bring influences, and determines that the normal force component of balance and pitching moment component are to the interference coefficient of lateral force component in different installation roll angles.It is final to determine that balance installation roll angle obtains balance normal force component and pitching moment component to the least interference coefficient of lateral force component under this roll angle.The present invention is used to determine that normal force component and pitching moment component to be to the interference coefficient of lateral force component in balance calibration.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to balance calibration field, it is related to interference coefficient calibration method between a kind of balance component, for determining day
The least interference coefficient of flat normal force component and pitching moment component to lateral force component.
Background technique
During use balance carries out the test of aerodynamics force measurement, generallys use the mode that key and keyway are coupled and incite somebody to action
The normal force component direction of balance is fixed on upwards on the angle of attack mechanism of wind-tunnel.In balance calibration, also using key and
Balance normal force component direction is fixed in balance calibration mounting base by the mounting means of keyway cooperation upwards, can make day in this way
It puts down and keeps balance consistent around the roll angle of axis in calibration process in wind tunnel test measurement, ideally, balance is tried in wind-tunnel
Roll angle in test amount and calibration process is 0 °, is surveyed with guaranteeing that balance calibration formula can correctly be applied to wind-tunnel aerodynamic force
During amount test.Realize that installation of the balance in wind tunnel test measurement or calibration process is fixed by way of key and keyway cooperation
Position, but due to the presence of processing gap or error, balance is installed in wind tunnel test measurement and calibration process under actual conditions
Roll angle is not 0 °, can have small roll angle, and small roll angle in both processes is usually inconsistent, that is,
It says that there are biggish uncertainties in terms of roll angle control by key and keyway installation positioning method, will lead to balance in wind-tunnel
Roll angle is inconsistent in test and calibration process.On the one hand, if there are a small rollings during wind-tunnel measurements for balance
Angle, normal force component and pitching moment component on model can generate an interference components to the lateral force component of balance, due to
Normal force component and pitching moment component are much larger than lateral force component on magnitude, this will lead to lesser lateral force component output
It is exported in signal comprising biggish interference；On the other hand, it when installing in balance calibration process there are when roll angle, will lead to
The loaded load of balance normal force component or pitching moment component is decomposed to lateral force component, thus will lead to balance lateral force point
Amount generates output, which will be erroneously interpreted as normal force component or pitching moment component and interfere output, school to lateral force component
Interference output is deducted in quasi- data handling procedure just will appear deduction excessively or deducts insufficient problem, this will seriously affect balance
Calibration result, cause wind tunnel test measurement result quality be deteriorated.Simultaneously as the normal force component under certain roll angle
The interference of lateral force component is constantly present with pitching moment component, it as a result, can not the true normal direction of Accurate Determining balance
Force component is to lateral force component and pitching moment component to the interference coefficient of lateral force component.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide interference coefficient calibration methods between a kind of balance component.
The present invention is fixedly mounted by balance, changes balance normal force component and pitching moment component calibration load arrow respectively
Thus the angle of amount and balance axis simulates balance and installs roll angle variable condition, determines balance normal force component by calibrating
With pitching moment component to the interference coefficient of lateral force component.Meanwhile between also determining the two components interference coefficient with load
Angle change rule, corresponding two specific rollings when showing that two interference coefficients are zero by the processing method of least square method
Corner；Under a certain specific roll angle, balance normal force component is relatively small to the interference coefficient of lateral force component even
0；Similarly, under another specific roll angle, the pitching moment component of balance to the interference coefficient of lateral force component also relatively
It is small by even 0.The two roll angles are usually unequal, if balance adjustment is installed to above-mentioned two specific roll angle
Median (average value of namely two roll angles), although the normal force component of balance to the interference coefficient of lateral force component with
And pitching moment component is not 0 to the interference coefficient of lateral force component, but is a relatively small value, it can be with by calibration
It is easier to school and goes out this lesser value.
In wind tunnel test, the roll angle that balance is installed is fixed on the average value of above-mentioned two specific roll angle, by
This ensures in wind tunnel test balance normal force component to lateral force component and pitching moment component between two lateral force component
Interference coefficient is in the state of a smaller value, i.e., interferes lateral force component balance normal force component and pitching moment component
Coefficient drops to comprehensive minimum, the quality of raising balance lateral force component measurements data；Hereafter, during balance calibration,
The roll angle that balance is installed is adjusted on the average value of two specific roll angles, balance normal force component and pitching are thus reduced
Two interference coefficients are dropped to comprehensive minimum to the interference coefficient of lateral force component by moment components.
Interference coefficient calibration method between balance component of the invention, in turn includes the following steps:
Balance lateral force component direction is fixedly mounted on calibration rack upwards, and loading sleeve is fixed on by the first step
On balance, counterweight is hung on loading sleeve, changes loading position, balance yawing component is calibrated, and obtains yaw forces
Square component important coefficient；
Second step hangs counterweight on loading sleeve, and load(ing) point is located at the lateral force component electrical centre of balance, changes counterweight
Quality calibrates the lateral force component of balance, obtains lateral force component important coefficient；
Loading sleeve is rotated by 90 ° by third step counterclockwise around balance axis, and loading direction is made to be directed toward balance normal force component side
To loaded line one end is fixed on the normal force component electrical centre on loading sleeve, and the other end is across pulley and hangs up counterweight；It adjusts
Pulley front-rear position makes loaded line perpendicular to balance axis；Adjustable pulley upper and lower position keeps loaded line horizontal；Adjustable pulley is left
Right position makes pulley sliding slot at a distance from load(ing) pointL 1 Greater than 3000mm, recordL 1 ；
4th step changes counterbalance mass, calibrates to balance normal force component, balance when record normal force component is calibrated
Lateral force component output signal value；
5th step keeps, adjustable pulley upper and lower position constant with left-right position before and after pulley, reduction height of pulleyModel
It is trapped among 3 mm~5mm, loaded line is made to deflect down a small angle, record, repeat step
Four, complete the calibration of a height change；
6th step repeats step 5, the calibration of five times to the eight times change in elevation until completing setting；
Load(ing) point is adjusted to first, loading sleeve head load(ing) point from normal force component electrical centre by the 7th step；
8th step, adjustable pulley front-rear position make loaded line perpendicular to balance axis；Adjustable pulley upper and lower position makes to add
It is horizontal to carry line；Adjustable pulley left-right position makes pulley sliding slot at a distance from load(ing) pointL 2 Greater than 3000mm, recordL 2 , carry out pitching
The calibration of moment components, lateral force component output signal value when record pitching moment component is calibrated；
9th step keeps, adjustable pulley upper and lower position constant with left-right position before and after pulley, reduction height of pulleyModel
It encloses for 3mm~5mm, loaded line is made to deflect down a small angle, record, carry out pitching moment
The calibration of component, lateral force component output signal value when record pitching moment component is calibrated, completes the calibration of a height change；
Tenth step repeats step 9, and a load is completed in the calibration of five times to the eight times change in elevation until completing setting
The calibration of point；
11st step, changes the position of load(ing) point, repeats Step 8: nine, ten, the variation for completing all loading Positions is high
Spend the calibration of pitching moment component；
12nd step is handled balance calibration data using least square method, is obtained balance normal force component and is bowed
Moment components are faced upward to the interference coefficient of lateral force component with height of pulley (corresponding roll angle) changing rule, obtain two interference systems
Number corresponding roll angle γ when being 0NAnd γMZ
13rd step, to γNAnd γMZTwo roll angles are averaged, and an average roll angle γ are obtained, by balance calibration
When roll angle be adjusted to average roll angle γ, obtain balance normal force component and pitching moment component to lateral force component most
Small interference coefficient.
In the present invention, loaded line can use one of steel wire, nylon wire, cotton thread according to the size of load.
In the present invention, pulley has the function of three-degree-of-freedom motion, i.e., vertical and parallel in balance axis and upper and lower
The function of lifting, and accurate location parameter can be positioned and provided after moving.
The present invention obtains two accurate interference coefficients, obtains simultaneously for realizing the balance calibration when roll angle is not zero
Two interference coefficients it is relatively minimal when balance roll angle is installed, it is ensured that balance is in calibration and wind-tunnel measurements, normal force point
Amount and pitching moment component are comprehensive to the interference of lateral force component minimum, improve the data matter of wind tunnel test lateral force component measurement
Amount.Using the present invention, balance normal force component under small roll angle and pitching moment component can be calibrated out to lateral force
Component interference coefficient；Balance normal force component and pitching moment component can be dropped into synthesis most to lateral force component interference coefficient
It is low.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the front-view schematic diagram that the present invention is laid out；
Fig. 2 is the schematic top plan view that the present invention is laid out；
Fig. 3 is load(ing) point landscape layout schematic diagram on balance calibration loading sleeve, and outer round surface intermediate arrangement is from left to right
Respectively the first load(ing) point, the second load(ing) point to the 11st load(ing) point.
In figure, 1. loading sleeves, 2. loaded lines, 3. pulleys, 4. counterweights, 5. balances.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing, technical solution of the present invention is introduced in more detail.
Fig. 1 is the front-view schematic diagram that the present invention is laid out, and Fig. 2 is the schematic top plan view that the present invention is laid out, and Fig. 3 is balance calibration
Load(ing) point landscape layout schematic diagram on loading sleeve, be from left to right respectively arranged among outer round surface the first load(ing) point, second plus
Loading point is to the 11st load(ing) point.
For the ease of clearing logical relation, balance calibration process is divided into following several stages and is described.First stage:
Prepare and calibrate the important coefficient of balance lateral force component and yawing component before balance calibration；
Calibration instrument and measurement cable etc. are ready to, balance calibration frame are leveled by the first step；Second step, by balance 5
Lateral force component direction is mounted on calibrated mount upwards, and 1 loading direction of loading sleeve is downwardly fixed to 5 head power transmission of balance
On carrying cone, the relative positional relationship of loading sleeve 1 Yu balance 5 is measured and recorded, it is vertically outstanding by loaded line 2 on loading sleeve 1
Hang up the counterweight 4 of fixed mass, change loaded line 2(and regard loaded load size, loaded line 2 can using steel wire or nylon wire,
Rope, is referred to as loaded line 2 in the present invention) loading position that is connect with loading sleeve 1, school is carried out to 5 yawing component of balance
Standard establishes 5 yawing component output valve of balance and counterweight 4 loads distance change relationship using Data collection and precessing system,
5 yawing component important coefficient of balance is obtained using least square methodK MYMY ；Third step, by position of the loaded line 2 on loading sleeve 1
It sets and is fixed on 5 normal force component electrical centre position of balance, change 4 mass of counterweight, 5 side of balance is calibrated to force component,
Using Data collection and precessing system, 5 side of balance is established to force component output valve and 4 variation relation of counterweight, using least square
Method obtains 5 side of balance to force component important coefficientK ZZ ；
Second stage: load angle variation calibration 5 normal force component of balance is to lateral force component interference coefficient:
5 loading method of balance is changed to counterweight 4 by the calibration of 4 Vertical loading of counterweight and passes through 3 horizontal addload school of pulley by the first step
Standard keeps 5 installation condition of balance identical as the first stage, adjustment loading sleeve 1 and 5 connection status of balance, that is, from balance 5
Portion is seen to 5 tail portion of balance, and loading sleeve 1 is rotated by 90 ° counterclockwise around 5 axis of balance, so that loading direction is directed toward 5 the right of balance, is added
It carries 2 one end of line to be fixed on the loading sleeve 1 of normal force component electrical centre, the other end pulley 3 small across coefficient of rolling friction
And hang up counterweight 4；Second step, the front and back of adjustable pulley 3, upper and lower and left-right position, makes the load between pulley 3 and loading sleeve 1
Line 2 is horizontal, length is greater than 3000mm, and vertical with 5 axis of balance；Third step calibrates the normal force component of balance 5, counterweight 4
Load change range correspond to 5 normal force component of balance calibration range (such as loading range be 0.5kg-25kg, can use 10 load
Lotus point, the corresponding point of load can be taken as 0.5kg, 2.5kg, 5kg, 7.5kg, 10kg, 15kg, 17.5kg, 20kg, 22.5kg,
25kg), at least 5 times repetitions of each point of load are calibrated, and using Data collection and precessing system, are stored and are read and record to obtain
Balance 5 is under current load angle, each 5 lateral force component output signal value of point of load balance and its average value, obtains balance 5
Lateral force component output loads variation relation with normal force component；4th step keeps 3 front-rear position of pulley and left-right position not
Become, 3 upper and lower position of adjustable pulley, 3 height of pulley can be reducedRange makes 3 loaded line of pulley, 2 downward bias in 3 mm~5mm
Turn a small angle, it fixes pulley 3 and simultaneously records 3 height of pulley and the corresponding deflection angle of conversion,
Under this deflection angle, counterweight 4 being hung using the loaded line 2 across pulley 3 and is calibrated, the distribution of 4 point of load of counterweight is same
, can be identical as a upper deflection angle in normal force component calibration range, it can also be different, obtain 5 lateral force of balance point
Amount output loads variation relation with normal force component；Hereafter, five to eight deflection angles of variation are repeated, are obtained respectively each inclined
5 side of balance is obtained under gyration and loads variation relation with normal force component to force component output, thus establishes different deflection angles
Lower 5 side of balance obtains 5 normal force component of balance to force component output valve and 4 load change relationship of counterweight, using least square method
Important coefficient is interfered to lateral force componentK NZ , the formula that this stage utilizes is as follows:
(1)
(2)
In formula:V NZ1 WithV NZ2 For balance 5 under different deflection angles normal force component to the interference output valve of lateral force component,
Unit is mv；
m 1 To load 4 mass of calibrating weight, unit kg；
gFor acceleration of gravity, unit m/s2；
b NZ1 Withb NZ1 For the equation of linear regression intercept item that least square method determines, unit mv；
WithFor different deflection angles.
It enables
,(3)
(4)
(5)
Phase III: the pitching moment component of load angle variation calibration balance 5 is to lateral force component interference coefficient:
The first step, by the load(ing) point connected on loaded line 2 and loading sleeve 1 from normal force component electrical centre loading Position
It is adjusted to first load(ing) point of 1 head back of loading sleeve and fixation；Second step, 3 front and back of adjustment pulley and upper and lower position, make to add
Line 2 is carried perpendicular to 5 axis of balance and level, 3 left-right position of pulley is checked, makes 3 sliding slot of pulley at a distance from 1 load(ing) point of loading sleeve
Greater than 3000mm；Fixed 3 left-right position of pulley simultaneously records 3 slot highest point of pulley and load(ing) point distanceL 2 ；Third step, in loading sleeve
First load(ing) point hangs upper single counterweight 4 on 1, the calibration of pitching moment component is carried out to balance 5, at 5 calibration data of balance
Reason system records the output of lateral force component, keeps 4 mass conservation of counterweight (such as 1kg or 2kg), then, reduces by 3 height of pulley
3mm to 5mm, and record, then the calibration of pitching moment component is carried out to balance 5, repeat to adjust 3 height of pulley and calibrate pitching moment
Component carries out the calibration of five times to eight times change in elevation of completion setting until adjusting；4th step, by loaded line 2 and loading sleeve 1
Second load(ing) point that first load(ing) point of connection is adjusted to 1 head back of loading sleeve (in order to simplify calibration procedure, can add
Carry and select appropriate intervals load(ing) point on set 1, such as 1,2,3 to 11 points or 1,3,5, to 11 points or 1,4,7,10 point etc., but at this
In be known as the second load(ing) point) and it is fixed, while recording loading Position information, adjust 3 upper and lower position of pulley, make 2 water of loaded line
It is flat, 3 front-rear position of pulley is then adjusted, it is vertical with 5 axis of balance to make loaded line 2, and check 3 left-right position of pulley, makes pulley 3
Sliding slot is greater than 3000mm at a distance from 1 load(ing) point of loading sleeve, hereafter repeats the third step in this stage, carries out completing the second load(ing) point
The calibration of pitching moment component, change in the calibration process of load(ing) point, pulley 3 kept highly adjust and the first load(ing) point complete one
It causes, repeats the 4th step in this stage, complete whole load(ing) point change in elevation calibration pitching moment component of setting.Record all add
5 lateral force component output signal of loading point location information, 3 elevation information of corresponding pulley and corresponding balance etc., using similar
The formula that deflection angle is calculated in the 4th step of second stage, each deflection angle is calculated, and calculates pitching using following formula
Interference coefficient of the moment components to lateral force componentK MZZ :
(6)
(7)
In formula:V MZZ1 WithV MZZ2 For balance 5, pitching moment components export the interference of lateral force component under different deflection angles
Value, unit mv；
Distance for load(ing) point apart from balance normal force component electrical centre, unit m；
b MZZ1 Withb MZZ2 For the equation of linear regression intercept item that least square method determines, unit mv；
WithFor different deflection angles.
It enables
,(8)
(9)
(10)
(11).
Claims (2)
1. interference coefficient calibration method between a kind of balance component, in turn includes the following steps:
A, balance lateral force component direction is fixedly mounted on calibration rack upwards, and loading sleeve is fixed on balance,
Counterweight is hung on loading sleeve, changes loading position, balance yawing component is calibrated, and obtains yawing component principal series
Number；
B, counterweight is hung on loading sleeve, load(ing) point is located at the lateral force component electrical centre of balance, changes counterbalance mass, to day
It puts down lateral force component to be calibrated, obtains lateral force component important coefficient；
C, loading sleeve is rotated by 90 ° counterclockwise around balance axis, loading direction is made to be directed toward balance normal force component direction, loaded line
One end is fixed on the normal force component electrical centre on loading sleeve, and the other end is across pulley and hangs up counterweight；Before and after adjustable pulley
Position makes loaded line perpendicular to balance axis；Adjustable pulley upper and lower position keeps loaded line horizontal；Adjustable pulley left-right position, makes
Pulley sliding slot is at a distance from load(ing) pointL 1 Greater than 3000mm, recordL 1 ；
D, change counterbalance mass, balance normal force component is calibrated, balance lateral force point when record normal force component is calibrated
Measure output signal value；
E, keep pulley front and back and left-right position constant, adjustable pulley upper and lower position reduces height of pulleyRange 3 mm~
5mm makes loaded line deflect down a small angle, record, repeat step D, complete primary
The calibration of height change；
F, step E is repeated, the calibration of five times to the eight times change in elevation until completing setting；
G, load(ing) point is adjusted to first, loading sleeve head load(ing) point from normal force component electrical centre；
H, adjustable pulley front-rear position makes loaded line perpendicular to balance axis；Adjustable pulley upper and lower position keeps loaded line horizontal；
Adjustable pulley left-right position makes pulley sliding slot at a distance from load(ing) pointL 2 Greater than 3000mm, recordL 2 , carry out pitching moment component
Calibration, record pitching moment component calibration when lateral force component output signal value；
I, keep pulley front and back and left-right position constant, adjustable pulley upper and lower position reduces height of pulleyRange be 3mm~
5mm makes loaded line deflect down a small angle, record, the calibration of pitching moment component is carried out,
Lateral force component output signal value when recording the calibration of pitching moment component, completes the calibration of a height change；
J, step I is repeated, the calibration of a load(ing) point is completed in the calibration of five times to the eight times change in elevation until completing setting；
K, change the position of load(ing) point, repeat step H, I, J, complete the change in elevation pitching moment component of all loading Positions
Calibration；
L, balance calibration data are handled using least square method, obtains balance normal force component and pitching moment component pair
The interference coefficient of lateral force component obtains corresponding roll angle γ when two interference coefficients are 0 with the changing rule of height of pulleyN
And γMZ；
M, to γNAnd γMZTwo roll angles are averaged, and an average roll angle γ, roll angle when by balance calibration are obtained
It is adjusted to average roll angle γ, obtains balance normal force component and pitching moment component to lateral force component least interference coefficient.
2. interference coefficient calibration method between a kind of balance component according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the pulley tool
There is the function of three-degree-of-freedom motion, can be vertical and parallel in balance axis and oscilaltion campaign, and can determine after moving
Position and provide accurate location parameter.
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| CN106644365A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-10 | 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 | Low-speed wind tunnel thrust vector balance calibrating device |
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| CN107462395A (en) | 2017-12-12 |
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