CN107460424A - 耐磨耐蚀纳米氮化铝复合涂层 - Google Patents
耐磨耐蚀纳米氮化铝复合涂层 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107460424A CN107460424A CN201710728155.0A CN201710728155A CN107460424A CN 107460424 A CN107460424 A CN 107460424A CN 201710728155 A CN201710728155 A CN 201710728155A CN 107460424 A CN107460424 A CN 107460424A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- corrosion
- wear
- aluminium
- composite
- silicon nitride
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000005543 nano-size silicon particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000002346 layers by function Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 229910003310 Ni-Al Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000007750 plasma spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 18
- NPXOKRUENSOPAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Raney nickel Chemical compound [Al].[Ni] NPXOKRUENSOPAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010286 high velocity air fuel Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 19
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910017083 AlN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 11
- PIGFYZPCRLYGLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aluminum nitride Chemical compound [Al]#N PIGFYZPCRLYGLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000007751 thermal spraying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010189 synthetic method Methods 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000760 Hardened steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002421 anti-septic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005518 electrochemistry Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010285 flame spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004377 microelectronic Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021421 monocrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002103 nanocoating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011858 nanopowder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010897 surface acoustic wave method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/06—Metallic material
- C23C4/08—Metallic material containing only metal elements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/06—Metallic material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
- C23C4/129—Flame spraying
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
- C23C4/134—Plasma spraying
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
- C23C4/137—Spraying in vacuum or in an inert atmosphere
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
- Prevention Of Electric Corrosion (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供一种耐磨耐蚀纳米氮化铝复合涂层，由内往外依次包括粘接底层、耐蚀耐磨功能层；所述粘接底层为Ni‑Al复合层，所述耐蚀耐磨功能层为Al‑AlN复合层；所述Al‑AlN复合层中铝含量为88.2ωt%~92.1ωt%。本发明提供的一种耐磨耐蚀纳米氮化铝复合涂层耐蚀耐磨性能好，硬度高，与基层材料结合力强，可用于海洋环境中设备、仪器中的各工件的耐蚀耐磨防护涂层，减少海洋开发的设备损耗。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及电化学和金属表面处理技术领域，具体涉及一种耐磨耐蚀纳米氮化铝复合涂层。
背景技术
随着海上运输、深海采矿、港口码头、油气开发、海洋生物技术等新兴海洋产业的兴起，加上近年来深海开发中的油气勘探和生产活动的大大增加，人类对海洋的开发利用规模不断扩大，逐步从传统走向深入。正是由于海洋经济和海洋产业对人类社会的发展起着极为重要的作用，因此海洋环境中各类设备装置的防腐蚀涂层及其技术的开发将成为研究的重点。海洋环境是非常严酷的腐蚀环境，海洋设备的几乎所有部位都需要进行防护，但目前海洋设备的防护主要集中在工程防护，海洋开发研究所用的仪器设备依然与陆地仪器采用相同的防护方法，应用于海洋环境的精密仪器少有采用专门针对海洋环境的防护，造成其腐蚀迅速，损坏率高。
铝涂层由于其点位低，表面易形成性能稳定的三氧化二铝而被广泛用于机械和结构防腐蚀，特别是在海洋工程及设备中。但铝延展性好，强度低，为了设备或者装置需要，常常在铝涂层中添加一些其他物质来提高涂层的硬度和耐磨性能。
氮化铝具有禁带宽度大、电子迁移率高、压电系数大、耐高温等特点，是制造声表面波设备、高频滤波器、谐振器及恶劣条件下的压力传感器等高频设备的理想压电材料。
氮化铝是共价键化合物，具有熔点高、机械强度高、化学稳定性好、电绝缘性好等特点，是优良的压电材料。纯净的氮化铝是无色透明的晶体，块体氮化铝材料的硬度很高，与石英相接近。氮化铝的热稳定性能好，在温度不高于700℃的空气中都可以稳定存在。由于氮化铝具有大的禁带宽度和直接带隙，是重要的蓝光和紫外发光材料，它的热导率高，硬度大，熔点高，可用于高温高功率的微电子器件和深紫外光电子器件。氮化铝化学稳定信号，击穿强度大，介电损耗小，机电耦合系数高，热膨胀系数与Si、Ga、As等常用半导体材料相近，因此易与其他半导体材料兼容。沿C轴取向的氮化铝具有非常好的压电性和声表面波高速传播性能，传声速度高达11.3km/s，是所有无机非铁性压电材料中最高的，是优秀的声表面波期间和体波器件材料。
纳米氮化铝是一种类金刚石氮化物，是目前最好的高导热绝缘材料，最高可稳定到2200℃，热膨胀系数低，与单晶硅相近，其室温强度高，且强度随温度的升高下降较慢，是一种电阻高、高温下材料强度大、硬度高、界面相容性好、无毒的耐热冲击材料。
发明内容
针对现有技术中海洋开发过程中电子设备各部件少有针对海洋环境的防护措施的问题，本发明提供了耐磨耐蚀纳米氮化铝复合涂层，以获得一种在海洋环境下具有强度大、耐磨、耐腐蚀的复合涂层。
本发明提供的耐磨耐蚀纳米氮化铝复合涂层，由内往外依次包括粘接底层、耐蚀耐磨功能层；所述粘接底层为Ni-Al复合层，所述耐蚀耐磨功能层为Al-AlN复合层。
所述Al-AlN复合层与Ni-Al粉末复合层以机械结合和冶金结合为主要结合方式。喷涂过程中，Al-AlN复合层中Al与Ni-Al复合层中形成的Ni-Al金属间化合物形成微区冶金结合，使涂层间不仅仅通过机械结合力结合，增加了其涂层结合力。
所述Ni-Al复合层的厚度为50～200μm，所述Al-AlN复合层的厚度为20～100μm。无机纳米涂层不宜过厚。一般来说，薄无机涂层比厚无机涂层更经久耐用。因为Al-AlN复合层在冷却凝固时伴随着收缩过程。当熔滴撞击基体并快速冷却、凝固时颗粒内部产生张应力，其大小与无机涂层厚度成正比。无机涂层厚度达到一定程度时，涂层内的张应力超过涂层与基体的结合强度或涂层自身的结合强度时，涂层就会发生破坏。
所述Al-AlN复合层中铝含量为88.2ωt％～92.1ωt％。所述Al-AlN复合层采用铝粉或超细铝粉和纳米氮化铝颗粒制备，所述铝粉粒径为：0.5μm～20μm，所述纳米氮化铝粒径为：20～100nm。所述复合涂层的基材为金属、合金和钢材中的一种。所述Al-AlN复合层采用超音速火焰喷涂技术、低压等离子喷涂技术和惰性气体保护等离子喷涂技术中一种进行加工。铝粉熔点低，易融化，纳米氮化铝熔点高，喷涂时作为不熔颗粒包裹在铝熔融液中。喷涂时，混合均匀的铝粉和纳米氮化铝粉末中铝粉被融化，包裹着未熔纳米氮化铝颗粒经喷涂在有Ni-Al粉末复合层的基材上，凝固后形成涂层。得到的Al-AlN复合涂层中纳米氮化铝均匀分布在Al中，形成复合涂层，增强了涂层的强度和耐蚀性能。
纳米粉体不能直接用于热喷涂，因为过细的粉末会产生烧损和飞扬等问题，并且送粉十分困难，沉积效率也受影响。本发明中铝粉和纳米氮化铝粉末采用液体分散喷雾法或机械研磨合成法将铝粉和纳米氮化铝粉末混合均匀，并制备成能直接热喷涂的微米级纳米结构喂料。
所述Ni-Al复合层采用铝包镍复合粉末加工所得，所述铝包镍复合粉松装密度不小于3.25g/cm3。所述Ni-Al复合层低压等离子喷涂或惰性气体保护等离子喷涂技术加工，以避免喷涂过程中金属被氧化。Ni-Al复合层在喷涂过程中，Ni和Al反应生成金属间化合物，放出大量热，使基材微区融化，形成微区冶金，提高涂层和基材之间的结合力，增强涂层的结合强度。同时，Ni-Al复合层具有“粗化”效应，其涂层表面非常粗糙，可以直接替代喷砂处理的粗化效果，因此在Ni-Al复合层的基础上进行Al-AlN复合层喷涂不需要再进行表面粗化处理。
所述的耐磨耐蚀纳米氮化铝复合涂层的制备包括以下步骤：
(1)基材预处理：将基材进行除油除锈处理，并用80目以上刚玉砂或者棕玉砂喷砂，清洗、烘干。
(2)制备Ni-Al复合层：在步骤(1)获得的基材上，通过低压等离子喷涂或惰性气体保护等离子喷涂技术喷涂铝包镍复合粉，得到Ni-Al粉末复合层。
(3)制备Al-AlN复合层：按照摩尔比为1:3～1:5的比例取20～100nm纳米氮化铝粉末与0.5μm～20μm的铝粉，采用液体分散喷雾法或机械研磨合成法将铝粉和纳米氮化铝粉末混合均匀，并制备成粒度在50～200μm的纳米结构微米颗粒。在步骤(2)获得的Ni-Al粉末复合层上，通过超音速火焰喷涂技术、低压等离子喷涂技术或惰性气体保护等离子喷涂技术喷涂铝和纳米氮化铝制得的微米颗粒，形成Al-AlN复合层，得到耐蚀耐磨的纳米氮化铝复合涂层。
(4)涂层后处理：根据设备需要进行后期热处理或者封孔处理。
本发明提供的耐磨耐蚀纳米氮化铝复合涂层，具有以下有益效果：
(1)Al-AlN复合层中硬度大、耐蚀、耐磨的纳米氮化铝作为不熔物均匀分布在涂层中，增强了涂层的耐蚀耐磨性能。同时，氮化铝作为高温导热性能和耐热冲击性能的优良无机材料，可以提高涂层高温应用的稳定性。
(2)Al-AlN复合层中纳米氮化铝可以阻碍铝凝固结晶，使铝结晶细化，涂层显微结构细化致密，提高涂层的结合强度和断裂强度。同时，纳米氮化铝软化，可在接触到基材后剧烈变形，减少显微裂纹，使涂层层状结构不明显，孔隙率降低。
(3)喷涂时，Al-AlN复合层中的铝与Ni-Al复合层形成微区冶金，且少量Al-AlN复合层中的铝与Ni-Al复合层析出的镍形成金属间化合物，提高Al-AlN复合层与Ni-Al复合层的结合强度。
(4)采用Ni-Al复合层作为粘接底层，可以增强涂层与基体的结合强度，同时减少Al-AlN复合层喷涂时粗化的加工步骤。
(5)Al-AlN复合层选用在海洋工业中防腐性能较好的铝涂层中加入硬度大、强度高、耐蚀耐磨、化学性能稳定的纳米氮化铝，提高铝涂层的耐蚀耐磨性能和高温稳定性，提高海洋环境中各设备仪器的耐蚀耐磨性能，减少海洋开发的设备损耗。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例对本发明的技术方案进行进一步说明。
实施例1
通过低压等离子喷涂技术获得50μm的Ni-Al复合层，其喷涂材料采用铝包镍复合粉。所述铝包镍复合粉为直接采购的松装密度不小于3.25g/cm3的用于热喷涂的铝包镍复合粉。在Ni-Al复合层上采用低压等离子喷涂技术喷涂30μm的Al-AlN复合层。其铝和纳米氮化铝粉末混合摩尔比为3:1。所得Al-AlN复合层中铝含量为88.52ωt％。
实施例2
通过惰性气体保护等离子喷涂技术获得200μm的Ni-Al复合层，其喷涂材料采用铝包镍复合粉。所述铝包镍复合粉为直接采购的松装密度不小于3.25g/cm3的用于热喷涂的铝包镍复合粉。在Ni-Al复合层上采用惰性气体保护等离子喷涂技术喷涂100μm的Al-AlN复合层。其铝和纳米氮化铝粉末混合摩尔比为4:1。所得Al-AlN复合层中铝含量为90.63ωt％。
实施例3
通过低压等离子喷涂技术获得100μm的Ni-Al复合层，其喷涂材料采用铝包镍复合粉。所述铝包镍复合粉为直接采购的松装密度不小于3.25g/cm3的用于热喷涂的铝包镍复合粉。在Ni-Al复合层上采用超音速火焰喷涂技术喷涂50μm的Al-AlN复合层。其铝和纳米氮化铝粉末混合摩尔比为5:1。所得Al-AlN复合层中铝含量为92.05ωt％。采用超音速火焰喷涂Al-AlN复合层时，空气中的氧会与铝反应，生成少量的三氧化二铝掺杂在涂层中，增强涂层的耐蚀耐磨性能和高温热稳定性能，但涂层中氧含量增大会降低对涂层的剪切强度。
喷涂结束后，可根据设备及应用需要对涂层进行封孔处理，使产品适用于不同应用中。
本发明中所述的低压等离子喷涂技术、惰性气体保护等离子喷涂技术、超音速火焰喷涂技术、机械研磨合成法、液体分散喷雾法均为现有技术，作为本领域技术人员能够理解并掌握，在本发明中不再一一说明。
喷涂结束后，进行涂层的硬度测试、盐雾试验和耐磨实验。
(1)硬度：喷涂后，不进行其他加工处理，其纳米氮化铝复合涂层硬度为1.0Gpa～1.8Gpa。
(2)盐雾试验：常温下3.5ωt％中性盐水浸泡360h，不变色、无气泡、不脱落。封孔处理后，常温下3.5ωt％中性盐水浸泡1000h，不变色、无气泡、不脱落。
(3)耐磨实验：直径10mm淬火钢球，载荷30N，200r/min，磨损实验30min后，镀层磨损量为1～3*10-4/mm3。
本发明不局限于上述最佳实施方式，任何人在本发明的启示下都可得出其他各种形式的产品，但不论在其形状或结构上作任何变化，凡是具有与本申请相同或相近似的技术方案，均落在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (7)
1.耐磨耐蚀纳米氮化铝复合涂层，其特征在于：所述复合涂层由内往外依次包括粘接底层、耐蚀耐磨功能层；所述粘接底层为Ni-Al复合层，所述耐蚀耐磨功能层为Al-AlN复合层。
2.根据权利要求1所述的耐磨耐蚀纳米氮化铝复合涂层，其特征在于：所述Ni-Al复合层的厚度为50~200μm，所述Al-AlN复合层的厚度为20~100μm。
3.根据权利要求1所述的耐磨耐蚀纳米氮化铝复合涂层，其特征在于：所述Al-AlN复合层中铝含量为88.2ωt%~92.1ωt%。
4.根据权利要求3所述的耐磨耐蚀纳米氮化铝复合涂层，其特征在于：所述Al-AlN复合层采用铝粉或超细铝粉和纳米氮化铝颗粒制备，所述铝粉粒径为：0.5μm~20μm，所述纳米氮化铝粒径为：20~100 nm。
5.根据权利要求1所述的耐磨耐蚀纳米氮化铝复合涂层，其特征在于：所述Ni-Al复合层采用铝包镍复合粉末加工所得，所述铝包镍复合粉松装密度不小于3.25g/cm3。
6.根据权利要求1~5任意一项所述的耐磨耐蚀纳米氮化铝复合涂层，其特征在于：所述Al-AlN复合层采用超音速火焰喷涂、低压等离子喷涂和惰性气体保护等离子喷涂技术中的一种进行加工。
7.根据权利要求1~5任意一项所述的耐磨耐蚀纳米氮化铝复合涂层，其特征在于：所述Ni-Al粉末复合层采用低压等离子喷涂或惰性气体保护等离子喷涂技术加工。
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710728155.0A CN107460424B (zh) | 2017-08-23 | 2017-08-23 | 耐磨耐蚀纳米氮化铝复合涂层 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710728155.0A CN107460424B (zh) | 2017-08-23 | 2017-08-23 | 耐磨耐蚀纳米氮化铝复合涂层 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107460424A true CN107460424A (zh) | 2017-12-12 |
| CN107460424B CN107460424B (zh) | 2020-01-21 |
Family
ID=60550150
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710728155.0A Active CN107460424B (zh) | 2017-08-23 | 2017-08-23 | 耐磨耐蚀纳米氮化铝复合涂层 |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN107460424B (zh) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110158018A (zh) * | 2019-07-02 | 2019-08-23 | 广东省新材料研究所 | 一种Al/AlN复合涂层及其制备方法 |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1182242A (en) * | 1966-02-11 | 1970-02-25 | United States Borax Chem | Improvements in or relating to Nitrides. |
| JPH0274581A (ja) * | 1988-09-06 | 1990-03-14 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 耐熱・耐酸化性高強度部材 |
| CN1970823A (zh) * | 2005-11-24 | 2007-05-30 | 苏舍美特科公司 | 热喷涂材料、热喷涂层、热喷涂法和热喷涂的工件 |
| CN101249698A (zh) * | 2008-03-25 | 2008-08-27 | 武汉优科表面工程有限公司 | 热喷涂纳米复合陶瓷涂层塑料模具及其生产方法 |
| CN101713059A (zh) * | 2008-10-07 | 2010-05-26 | 中国人民解放军装甲兵工程学院 | 提高喷涂层接触疲劳寿命的方法 |
| CN102296289A (zh) * | 2011-08-19 | 2011-12-28 | 九江学院 | 一种以金属间化合物为粘结相的金属陶瓷涂层的制备方法 |
| CN104087841A (zh) * | 2014-06-17 | 2014-10-08 | 宁国东方碾磨材料股份有限公司 | 一种高韧性涂层磨段 |
-
2017
- 2017-08-23 CN CN201710728155.0A patent/CN107460424B/zh active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1182242A (en) * | 1966-02-11 | 1970-02-25 | United States Borax Chem | Improvements in or relating to Nitrides. |
| JPH0274581A (ja) * | 1988-09-06 | 1990-03-14 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 耐熱・耐酸化性高強度部材 |
| CN1970823A (zh) * | 2005-11-24 | 2007-05-30 | 苏舍美特科公司 | 热喷涂材料、热喷涂层、热喷涂法和热喷涂的工件 |
| CN101249698A (zh) * | 2008-03-25 | 2008-08-27 | 武汉优科表面工程有限公司 | 热喷涂纳米复合陶瓷涂层塑料模具及其生产方法 |
| CN101713059A (zh) * | 2008-10-07 | 2010-05-26 | 中国人民解放军装甲兵工程学院 | 提高喷涂层接触疲劳寿命的方法 |
| CN102296289A (zh) * | 2011-08-19 | 2011-12-28 | 九江学院 | 一种以金属间化合物为粘结相的金属陶瓷涂层的制备方法 |
| CN104087841A (zh) * | 2014-06-17 | 2014-10-08 | 宁国东方碾磨材料股份有限公司 | 一种高韧性涂层磨段 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| [苏]捷米金科: "《高级耐火复合涂层》", 31 October 1984, 北京：冶金工业出版社 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110158018A (zh) * | 2019-07-02 | 2019-08-23 | 广东省新材料研究所 | 一种Al/AlN复合涂层及其制备方法 |
| CN110158018B (zh) * | 2019-07-02 | 2021-06-15 | 广东省新材料研究所 | 一种Al/AlN复合涂层及其制备方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN107460424B (zh) | 2020-01-21 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN108504976B (zh) | 一种金属-石墨烯复合涂层的制备方法 | |
| TW200406300A (en) | Thermal spray compositions for abradable seals | |
| CN109396453B (zh) | 一种弥散强化铝青铜球形粉的制备方法 | |
| Hao et al. | NiCoCrAlYTa coatings on nickel-base superalloy substrate: Deposition by high velocity oxy-fuel spraying as well as investigation of mechanical properties and wear resistance in relation to heat-treatment duration | |
| CN101300313A (zh) | 氧化钛锶和由其制得的可磨损涂料 | |
| CN103911620A (zh) | 一种抗热冲击金属基涂层的制备方法 | |
| Rong et al. | Tribological performance of plasma sprayed Al2O3–Y2O3 composite coatings | |
| JPS62501574A (ja) | 保護セラミック被覆を有するアルミニウム基製品とそれを製造する方法 | |
| CN114231882A (zh) | 一种抗空蚀复合涂层及其制备方法 | |
| CN108715987B (zh) | 一种提高热障涂层结合强度的方法 | |
| CN112626443A (zh) | 一种耐磨防腐涂层及其制备方法 | |
| CN102211428B (zh) | 一种水泵叶片空蚀梯度修复涂层及其制备方法 | |
| CN107164716A (zh) | 一种粉芯丝材及制备高速电弧喷涂层的方法 | |
| EP2322686B1 (en) | Thermal spray method for producing vertically segmented thermal barrier coatings | |
| CN102392208A (zh) | 一种镁合金表面喷涂铝涂层的方法 | |
| CN102102203B (zh) | 耐熔蚀FeAl金属间化合物基复合结构涂层的制备方法 | |
| CN107460424A (zh) | 耐磨耐蚀纳米氮化铝复合涂层 | |
| CN105132852A (zh) | 一种火焰喷涂制备Al/Al2O3多功能涂层的方法 | |
| CN106947935A (zh) | 一种热喷涂制备耐磨涂层的方法 | |
| CN100453700C (zh) | 一种表面梯度保护涂层及其制备方法 | |
| CN112626442A (zh) | 一种耐高温氧化、耐腐蚀的涂层及其制备方法 | |
| CN102935742A (zh) | 一种耐高温铝液腐蚀的超声变幅杆及其制备方法 | |
| CN111394681A (zh) | 一种mwd仪器外筒表面抗冲蚀石墨烯复合梯度涂层 | |
| CN110616397A (zh) | 一种大气等离子喷涂制备Al/(Y2O3-ZrO2)复合涂层的方法 | |
| CN102817029B (zh) | 一种镁合金表面铝基合金厚涂层的制备方法 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| TA01 | Transfer of patent application right | ||
| TA01 | Transfer of patent application right |
Effective date of registration: 20191225 Address after: 224000 third floor, property management building, Sunshine Century City, No.199, South Jiefang Road, Xindu street, Chengnan New District, Yancheng City, Jiangsu Province (CND) Applicant after: Jiangsu Fenghui high altitude Construction anticorrosion Co.,Ltd. Address before: 610000 Sichuan city of Chengdu province Wuhou District Cuoqiao Street 148 Building 1 floor 1 No. 148 Applicant before: CHENGDU SENYUHONG GREEN ENGINEERING Co.,Ltd. |
|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20240318 Address after: Room 206 (CNx), xifuhe digital intelligent innovation community Exhibition Center building, 49 Wengang South Road, Yannan high tech Zone, Yancheng City, Jiangsu Province Patentee after: Yancheng Yannan High-tech Zone Xifuhe Green Low-carbon Science and Technology Innovation Park Development Co.,Ltd. Country or region after: China Address before: 3rd Floor, Property Management Building, Sunshine Century City, No. 199 Jiefang South Road, Xindu Street, Chengnan New District, Yancheng City, Jiangsu Province, 224000 (CND) Patentee before: Jiangsu Fenghui high altitude Construction anticorrosion Co.,Ltd. Country or region before: China |