CN107460370A - A kind of low-cost high-strength high-ductility metastable β Titanium-alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of low-cost high-strength high-ductility metastable β Titanium-alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107460370A CN107460370A CN201710704920.5A CN201710704920A CN107460370A CN 107460370 A CN107460370 A CN 107460370A CN 201710704920 A CN201710704920 A CN 201710704920A CN 107460370 A CN107460370 A CN 107460370A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- titanium
- alloy
- strength
- cost
- ductility
- Prior art date
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- 229910001069 Ti alloys Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000002360 preparation methods Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000000956 alloys Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 229910045601 alloys Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000011514 iron Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium Chemical compound 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[Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000203 mixtures Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910000756 V alloys Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 241001081830 Degeneriaceae Species 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000000463 materials Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum Chemical compound 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[Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004364 calculation methods Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum Chemical compound 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[Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000087 stabilizing Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002994 raw materials Substances 0.000 abstract 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making alloys
- C22C1/02—Making alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making alloys by melting using master alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C14/00—Alloys based on titanium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/16—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of other metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/18—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/183—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon of titanium or alloys based thereon
Abstract
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metal material processing technology of preparing field, more particularly to a kind of low-cost high-strength high-ductility are metastable Beta-titanium alloy and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Titanium alloy has that density is small, and specific strength, specific stiffness are high, corrosion-resistant, good high temperature performance and bio-compatibility The features such as, therefore it is widely used in Aero-Space, warship, oil as preferable structural material and functional material The fields such as work, ocean engineering, biomedicine and building decoration, and obtain good economic and social benefit.
The business high intensity near β titanium alloy being widely used at present has Ti-1023, BT22, and VST5553, and these alloys are all Or more large content of high cost Mo%+V% has been used, there is higher cost；Or without obvious price advantage and alloy it is strong Spend low.Such as Patent No. 201610934241.2, " nearly β type high-strength titanium alloys of a kind of low cost containing Fe and preparation method thereof " institute Stating contained alloying element percentage by weight in titanium alloy is：Al：2.5%-5.5%；Fe：0.5-2.2%；Mo：4.7%- 5.7%；Cr：3.5%-4.5%；Zr：1.5%-3.5%；Wherein cheap element of Fe content is relatively low, and expensive elements Mo content compared with Height, simultaneously because Mo is refractory metal, this undoubtedly improves alloying element cost and melting cost.Such as Patent No. 201410821718, the percentage by weight of " a kind of high strength and low cost toughness titanium alloy and preparation method thereof " alloy, which forms, is： Al：2.5-3.5%, Fe：0.85-2.35%, V：3.0-8.0%, Cr：1.0-5.0%, O<0.2%, surplus Ti, not only close Cheap element of Fe content is relatively low in gold, and high cost alloying elements are of a relatively high, and its alloy strength only has 1106-1289MPa； Patent No. 201610985168.1 for another example, entitled " a kind of low-cost titanium alloy and preparation method thereof " and Patent No. 201610130527.5, entitled " a kind of low-cost titanium alloy of element containing Fe and Mn ", two kinds of alloy Fe contents are respectively 0.5-5wt.% and 4-6wt.%, its alloy strength is respectively 750MPa-850MPa and 1203MPa-1233Mpa, with high intensity Alloy, which is compared, has obvious gap.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided one kind contains larger amount of β elements Stable element Fe low-cost high-strength high-ductility metastable β Titanium-alloy and preparation method thereof.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention uses following technical scheme：
A kind of low-cost high-strength high-ductility metastable β Titanium-alloy, the percentage by weight composition of the titanium alloy are：Fe：3~ 7%, Al：4~7.75%, V：3~5%, O：≤ 0.2%, C：≤ 0.08%, N：≤ 0.05%, surplus is for titanium and unavoidably Impurity.
Preferably, the percentage by weight composition of the titanium alloy is：Fe：4~6%, Al：5.5~6.75%, V：3.5~ 4.75%, O：≤ 0.2%, C：≤ 0.08%, N：≤ 0.05%, surplus is titanium and inevitable impurity.
Preferably, the percentage by weight composition of the titanium alloy is：Fe：5%, Al：6%, V：4%, O：≤ 0.2%, C： ≤ 0.08%, N：≤ 0.05%, surplus is titanium and inevitable element.
Preferably, the molybdenum equivalent [Mo] of the titanium alloyWhenFor 10.5~23, the equivalent thickness of aluminium [A1]WhenFor 4~8；
[Mo]WhenCalculation formula be：[Mo]When=0.67V+2.85Fe；
[A1]WhenCalculation formula be：[A1]When=Al.
The inventive concept total as one, the present invention also provide a kind of metastable β titaniums of above-mentioned low-cost high-strength high-ductility The preparation method of alloy, comprises the following steps：
(1) according to proportioning, titanium sponge, Al-V intermediate alloys, pure Al, pure Fe is weighed, obtains mixed material；
(2) mixed material obtained by step (1) is pressed into electrode；
(3) electrode obtained by step (2) is passed through into secondary smelting, Ti-Al-Fe-V alloy cast ingots is made；
(4) the Ti-Al-Fe-V alloy cast ingots cogging obtained by step (3) is forged for the first time, obtains large scale forging；
(5) carry out second to the large scale forging obtained by step (4) to forge, obtain large-size bar；
(6) third time forging is carried out to the large-size bar obtained by step (5), obtains small size bar；
(7) to carrying out solution treatment, air cooling after the small size bar sampling obtained by step (6)；Then Ageing Treatment is carried out, Air cooling, obtain described low-cost high-strength high-ductility metastable β Titanium-alloy.
Preferably, in the step (4), the temperature of the first time forging is 1000 DEG C~1050 DEG C, deflection 40 ~60%.
Preferably, in the step (5), the temperature of second forging is 850~900 DEG C, deflection is 65~ 85%.
Preferably, in the step (6), the temperature of third time forging is 800~850 DEG C, deflection is 80~ 95%.
Preferably, in the step (7), the temperature of the solution treatment is 700 DEG C~820 DEG C, and the time is 0.5~1h.
Preferably, in the step (7), the temperature of the Ageing Treatment is 520~600 DEG C, and the time is 4~8h.
Compared with prior art, the advantage of the invention is that：
1st, low-cost high-strength high-ductility metastable β Titanium-alloy of the invention, using titanium as main element, with α stable elements Al Be alloying element with beta stable element V and Fe, due to containing larger amount of β elemental stables element of Fe, with now with the external trade mark High intensity near β titanium alloy, such as Ti-1023, BT22, with VST5553 are compared, and this alloy is because have higher Fe contents, many institutes Known, expensive titanium alloy is to restrict its a large amount of an important factor for using, and the nearly beta titanium of high-strength high-plasticity of the invention closes Gold, by adding generally the least expensive alloying element Fe in the most frequently used TC4 titanium alloys, it can significantly reduce cost of alloy.Tool There is obvious price advantage, and strength plastic's matching degree has also reached the level of above alloy.The high strength and low cost of the present invention is high Plasticity titanium alloy, composition is uniform, fine microstructures, and tensile strength has reached 1280-1433MPa, and maintains 4-12% plasticity, Strength plastic's matching value of this alloy has exceeded existing most alloys, and has cost advantage, the high strength and low cost high-ductility Titanium alloy can be used to various forging of the production application in high strength structure part, in fields such as automobile, chemical industry, electric, Aero-Space There is boundless application prospect as high performance alloys material.
2nd, existing frequently-used low-cost titanium alloy containing Fe intensity about 1100MPa, plasticity 6%, and the low cost of the present invention High-strength high-plasticity titanium alloy tensile strength has reached 1280-1433MPa, and maintains 4-12% plasticity.For example, Patent No. In 201610934241.2,201410821718 low cost high strength titanium alloy containing Fe, Fe contents are respectively 0.5- 2.2wt.%, 0.85-2.35wt.%, and Fe contents 3-7wt.% in this alloy, therefore there is apparent price advantage, and Performance have also exceeded above-mentioned alloy.Patent No. 201610985168.1 for another example, 201610130527.5 two kinds of alloy Fe Content is respectively
0.5-5wt.% and 4-6wt.%, but its alloy strength is respectively 750MPa-850MPa and 1203MPa- Alloy strength 1280MPa-1433MPa has obvious gap in 1233Mpa, with the present invention.
3rd, Fe is a kind of wide variety of titanium alloy addition element, and Fe addition can significantly improve the intensity of alloy.But It is due to that easily segregation forms β spots to Fe elements, hydraulic performance decline is caused, so Fe content is constantly subjected to limit in titanium alloy. Fe content has reached 3-7wt.% in this alloy, solves high amount containing Fe by a series of warm and hot forging and be heat-treated successfully Fe element segregations serious problems in titanium alloy alloy, plasticity while high intensity 1280-1433Mpa is kept to reach 4- 12%.
4th, the preparation method of high strength and low cost high-ductility titanium alloy of the present invention is simple, prepares and sets in the titanium alloy to follow conventional lines Adjustment preparation technology can be prepared by the basis of standby and flow.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that embodiment 1 casts an ingot casting pictorial diagram.
Fig. 2 is that embodiment 1 casts an ingot casting pictorial diagram.
Fig. 3 is 1 two forging finished product pictorial diagrams of embodiment.
Fig. 4 is the microstructure of high strength and low cost high-ductility metastable β Titanium-alloy prepared by embodiment 1.
Fig. 5 is the microstructure of high strength and low cost high-ductility metastable β Titanium-alloy prepared by embodiment 2.
Fig. 6 is the microstructure of high strength and low cost high-ductility metastable β Titanium-alloy prepared by embodiment 3.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific preferred embodiment, the invention will be further described, but not thereby limiting the invention Protection domain.
Embodiment 1：
The low-cost high-strength high-ductility metastable β Titanium-alloy of the present embodiment, include the chemical element of following weight percentage: Fe：5wt.%, Al：6wt.%, V：4wt.%, O：≤ 0.2wt.%, C：≤ 0.08wt.%, N：≤ 0.05wt.%, surplus are Titanium and inevitable impurity.
The preparation method of the low-cost high-strength high-ductility metastable β Titanium-alloy of above-mentioned the present embodiment is：
According to the above ratio weigh titanium sponge, Al-V intermediate alloys, pure Al, pure Fe, wherein, titanium is provided by titanium sponge, V by Al-V intermediate alloys are provided, and Al is provided by pure Al and Al-V intermediate alloys, and Fe is provided to obtain mixed material by pure Fe；By being designed to Point mixing after be pressed into electrode, using vacuum consumable arc-melting stove by the electrode melting it is secondary be prepared it is a diameter of 160mm alloy cast ingots (casting ingot casting as shown in figure 1, cast secondary ingot casting as shown in Figure 2), hydraulic press or forging hammer etc. from By carrying out cogging forging on forging equipment, forging temperature is 1050 DEG C (100-150 DEG C of transformation temperature above), and deflection is about 50%.Alloy carries out the secondary square rod for being forged into 1000mm × 80mm × 40mm 900 DEG C (10-20 DEG C of transformation temperature above) afterwards Deflection is 75% (secondary forging finished product as shown in Figure 3), afterwards alloy be cut into 80mm × 40mm × 10mm squares and About 320mm × 10mm × 10mm strip is forged into three times at 850 DEG C (below transformation temperature 40-50 DEG C), and deflection is about 87%.Bar obtained above is subjected to fixation rates, alloy air cooling after 700 DEG C of solution treatment 0.5 hour, 560 DEG C of Ageing Treatments are air-cooled to room temperature for 6 hours, determine alloy strength and plasticity.The bar sampling of gained, is heat-treated, heat treatment After carry out the sign of structure and performance.
Figure 4, it is seen that the microstructure master of the high strength and low cost high-ductility titanium alloy after the present embodiment heat treatment If the basket tissue of the alternate α phases of thickness, and a small amount of globular α phase；As known from Table 1, the strength of alloy reaches 1345MPa, elongation percentage reach 8.5%, and the intensity of the high strength and low cost high-ductility titanium alloy has exceeded existing most alloys, The fields such as automobile, chemical industry, electric, Aero-Space have boundless application prospect as high performance alloys material.
Embodiment 2：
The low-cost high-strength high-ductility metastable β Titanium-alloy of the present embodiment, include the chemical element of following weight percentage： Fe：5wt.%, Al：6wt.%, V：4wt.%, O：≤ 0.2wt.%, C：≤ 0.08wt.%, N：≤ 0.05wt.%, surplus are Titanium.
The preparation method of the low-cost high-strength high-ductility metastable β Titanium-alloy of above-mentioned the present embodiment is：
According to the above ratio weigh titanium sponge, Al-V intermediate alloys, pure Al, pure Fe, wherein, titanium is provided by titanium sponge, V by Al-V intermediate alloys are provided, and Al is provided by pure Al and Al-V intermediate alloys, and Fe is provided to obtain mixed material by pure Fe；By being designed to Point mixing after be pressed into electrode, using vacuum consumable arc-melting stove by the electrode melting it is secondary be prepared it is a diameter of 160mm alloy cast ingots, cogging forging is carried out in the flat-die forging equipment such as hydraulic press or forging hammer, forging temperature is 1050 DEG C, is become Shape amount is about 50%.Alloy carries out the secondary square rod for being forged into 1000mm × 80mm × 40mm at 900 DEG C afterwards, and deflection is 75%, alloy is cut into 80mm × 40mm × 10mm squares afterwards and be forged into three times at 850 DEG C about 320mm × 10mm × 10mm strip, deflection are about 87%.Bar obtained above is subjected to fixation rates, the alloy is solid at 750 DEG C Air cooling after molten processing 0.5 hour, is air-cooled to room temperature for 6 hours in 560 DEG C of Ageing Treatments, determines alloy strength and plasticity.Gained Bar sampling carries out the sign of structure and performance.
From figure 5 it can be seen that the microstructure master of the high strength and low cost high-ductility titanium alloy after the present embodiment heat treatment If the bifurcation tissue of secondary acicular α phase composition caused by substantial amounts of globular α phase and ag(e)ing process as caused by solution treatment；Such as Shown in table 1, tensile strength reaches 1280MPa, and elongation percentage reaches 12%, and the intensity of the high strength and low cost high-ductility titanium alloy exceedes Existing most alloys, automobile, chemical industry, electrically, the field such as Aero-Space as high performance alloys material with very wide Wealthy application prospect.
Embodiment 3：
The low-cost high-strength high-ductility metastable β Titanium-alloy of the present embodiment, include the chemical element of following weight percentage: Fe：5wt.%, Al：6wt.%, V：4wt.%, O：≤ 0.2wt.%, C：≤ 0.08wt.%, N：≤ 0.05wt.%, surplus are Titanium.
The preparation method of the low-cost high-strength high-ductility metastable β Titanium-alloy of above-mentioned the present embodiment is：
According to the above ratio weigh titanium sponge, Al-V intermediate alloys, pure Al, pure Fe, wherein, titanium is provided by titanium sponge, V by Al-V intermediate alloys are provided, and Al is provided by pure Al and Al-V intermediate alloys, and Fe is provided to obtain mixed material by pure Fe；By being designed to Point mixing after be pressed into electrode, using vacuum consumable arc-melting stove by the electrode melting it is secondary be prepared it is a diameter of 160mm alloy cast ingots, cogging forging is carried out in the flat-die forging equipment such as hydraulic press or forging hammer, forging temperature is 1050 DEG C, is become Shape amount is about 50%.Afterwards alloy 900 DEG C carry out it is secondary be forged into 1000mm × 80mm × 40mm square rod deflection be 75%, alloy is cut into 80mm × 40mm × 10mm squares afterwards and be forged into three times at 850 DEG C about 320mm × 10mm × 10mm strip, deflection are about 87%.Bar obtained above is subjected to fixation rates, the alloy is solid at 820 DEG C Air cooling after molten processing 0.5 hour, is air-cooled to room temperature for 6 hours in 560 DEG C of Ageing Treatments, determines alloy strength and plasticity.Gained Bar sampling carries out the sign of structure and performance.
From fig. 6 it can be seen that the microstructure master of the high strength and low cost high-ductility titanium alloy after the present embodiment heat treatment If the bifurcation of relatively large secondary acicular α phase composition caused by less amount of globular α phase and ag(e)ing process caused by solution treatment Tissue；As shown in table 1, tensile strength reaches 1433MPa, and elongation percentage reaches 4%, the high strength and low cost high-ductility titanium alloy it is strong Degree has exceeded existing most alloys, has in fields such as automobile, chemical industry, electric, Aero-Space as high performance alloys material Boundless application prospect.
The mechanical property table of the high strength and low cost high-ductility titanium alloy of the embodiment 1~3 of table 1
It is described above, only it is several embodiments of the application, any type of limitation is not done to the application, although this Shen Please with preferred embodiment disclose as above, but and be not used to limit the application, any person skilled in the art, do not taking off In the range of technical scheme, make a little variation using the technology contents of the disclosure above or modification is equal to Case study on implementation is imitated, is belonged in the range of technical scheme.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. low-cost high-strength high-ductility metastable β Titanium-alloy, it is characterised in that the percentage by weight composition of the titanium alloy For：Fe：3~7%, Al：4~7.75%, V：3~5%, O：≤ 0.2%, C：≤ 0.08%, N：≤ 0.05%, surplus be titanium and Inevitable impurity.
- 2. low-cost high-strength high-ductility metastable β Titanium-alloy according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the titanium alloy Percentage by weight composition be：Fe：4~6%, Al：5.5~6.75%, V：3.5~4.75%, O：≤ 0.2%, C：≤ 0.08%, N：≤ 0.05%, surplus is titanium and inevitable impurity.
- 3. low-cost high-strength high-ductility metastable β Titanium-alloy according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the titanium alloy Percentage by weight composition be：Fe：5%, Al：6%, V：4%, O：≤ 0.2%, C：≤ 0.08%, N：≤ 0.05%, surplus is Titanium and inevitable element.
- 4. the low-cost high-strength high-ductility metastable β Titanium-alloy according to any one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterised in that institute State the molybdenum equivalent [Mo] of titanium alloyWhenFor 10.5~23, the equivalent thickness of aluminium [A1]WhenFor 4~8；[Mo]WhenCalculation formula be：[Mo]When=0.67V+2.85Fe；[A1]WhenCalculation formula be：[A1]When=Al.
- 5. a kind of preparation method of low-cost high-strength high-ductility metastable β Titanium-alloy as described in any one of Claims 1 to 4, Comprise the following steps：(1) according to proportioning, titanium sponge, Al-V intermediate alloys, pure Al, pure Fe is weighed, obtains mixed material；(2) mixed material obtained by step (1) is pressed into electrode；(3) electrode obtained by step (2) is passed through into secondary smelting, Ti-Al-Fe-V alloy cast ingots is made；(4) the Ti-Al-Fe-V alloy cast ingots cogging obtained by step (3) is forged for the first time, obtains large scale forging；(5) carry out second to the large scale forging obtained by step (4) to forge, obtain large-size bar；(6) third time forging is carried out to the large-size bar obtained by step (5), obtains small size bar；(7) to carrying out solution treatment, air cooling after the small size bar sampling obtained by step (6)；Then Ageing Treatment is carried out, it is empty It is cold, obtain described low-cost high-strength high-ductility metastable β Titanium-alloy.
- 6. the preparation method of low-cost high-strength high-ductility metastable β Titanium-alloy according to claim 5, it is characterised in that In the step (4), the temperature of the first time forging is 1000 DEG C~1050 DEG C, and deflection is 40~60%.
- 7. the preparation method of low-cost high-strength high-ductility metastable β Titanium-alloy according to claim 6, it is characterised in that In the step (5), the temperature of second of forging is 850~900 DEG C, and deflection is 65~85%.
- 8. the preparation method of low-cost high-strength high-ductility metastable β Titanium-alloy according to claim 7, it is characterised in that In the step (6), the temperature of the third time forging is 800~850 DEG C, and deflection is 80~95%.
- 9. the preparation method of the low-cost high-strength high-ductility metastable β Titanium-alloy according to any one of claim 5~8, its It is characterised by, in the step (7), the temperature of the solution treatment is 700 DEG C~820 DEG C, and the time is 0.5~1h.
- 10. the preparation method of low-cost high-strength high-ductility metastable β Titanium-alloy according to claim 9, it is characterised in that In the step (7), the temperature of the Ageing Treatment is 520~600 DEG C, and the time is 4~8h.
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| CN108411156A (en) * | 2018-03-14 | 2018-08-17 | 中南大学 | A kind of nearly β types high strength titanium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN109797314A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-05-24 | 陕西科技大学 | A kind of high niobium Ti Al alloy and preparation method thereof with nanometer-size die |
| CN110387485A (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2019-10-29 | 西北工业大学 | A kind of composition design method of metastable β Titanium-alloy |
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