CN107457951A - 一种可重构的热固性多重刺激形状记忆复合材料制备方法 - Google Patents

一种可重构的热固性多重刺激形状记忆复合材料制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107457951A
CN107457951A CN201710670885.XA CN201710670885A CN107457951A CN 107457951 A CN107457951 A CN 107457951A CN 201710670885 A CN201710670885 A CN 201710670885A CN 107457951 A CN107457951 A CN 107457951A
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冷劲松
刘彦菊
张启伟
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Harbin Institute of Technology
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Abstract

一种可重构的热固性多重刺激形状记忆复合材料制备方法,本发明涉及热固性多重刺激形状记忆复合材料领域。本发明要解决现有制备热固性形状记忆聚合物方法难以将多个热转变或分子开关同时引入到一个形状记忆聚合物体系中并根据使用需求二次加工成型的问题。方法:一、制备白色粉末;二、固化制备基体材料;三、制得形状记忆复合材料;四、放入目标模具中,热压;五、切割,重新排列,热压成型。本发明形状记忆复合材料通过多次重构实现无穷多的多重形状记忆结构来满足不同的使用需求。本发明用于制备兼具热塑性形状记忆聚合物的可加工性和共价交联热固性形状记忆聚合物,具有更好的形状回复能力、机械性能和化学稳定性的环氧基形状记忆聚合物。

Description

一种可重构的热固性多重刺激形状记忆复合材料制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及热固性多重刺激形状记忆复合材料领域。
背景技术
形状记忆聚合物是一种可以在外界刺激下从预先设定的临时形状回复至其初始形状的材料。其在航空航天,柔性电子和生物医药等方面的已有和潜在应用掀起了关于该材料的研究热潮。大多数的形状记忆聚合物只能记忆单一形状,实现所谓的“双重形状记忆效应”。在过去十年中,越来越多的研究者开始关注“多重形状记忆效应聚合物”,即可以从两个或两个以上预先设定好的临时形状逐步回复至其初始形状。通过将几种不同的热转变或分子开关同时引入到一个形状记忆聚合物体系中可以有效地获得具有多重形状效应的聚合物。但是由于将两个以上的热转变同时引入到同一聚合物体系并不容易实现,所以上述方法多被用于制备三重形状记忆聚合物。用Nafion,苯乙烯甲基丙烯酸梯度共聚物等具有宽玻璃化转变温度范围的聚合物也可实现多重形状记忆效应。但设计合成更多具有宽玻璃化转变温度范围的聚合物难度较大。为了避免这种复杂的分子设计与合成,一种通过非接触式外部刺激对材料某一局部来实现多重形状记忆效应的方法被提出。但这种方法需要将外部刺激集中于材料的特定区域,不适用于材料暴露在均一环境下的情况。此外,每种远程刺激手段都有固有的缺点,比如光线无法穿透厚的膜层或者三维立体结构。
发明内容
本发明要解决现有制备热固性形状记忆聚合物方法难以将多个热转变或分子开关同时引入到一个形状记忆聚合物体系中并根据使用需求二次加工成型的技术问题,而提供一种可重构的热固性多重刺激形状记忆复合材料制备方法。
一种可重构的热固性多重刺激形状记忆复合材料制备方法,具体按以下步骤进行:
一、将二羟基联苯与环氧氯丙烷加入到正己烷中,保持1~1.5h,过滤,得到白色粉末;
二、将癸二酸和1,5,7-三氮杂二环[4.4.0]癸-5-烯加入到步骤一得到的白色粉末中,控制温度为180~200℃,混合均匀,然后装入模具中,保持温度,固化4~6h,得到基体材料;
三、将四氧化三铁纳米颗粒和甲基橙加入步骤二得到的基体材料中,混合均匀,得到形状记忆复合材料;
四、将步骤三得到的形状记忆复合材料放入目标模具中,热压,得到热固性多重刺激形状记忆复合材料;
五、将步骤四得到的热固性多重刺激形状记忆复合材料切割,重新排列,然后控制温度为190~210℃热压成型,完成一种可重构的热固性多重刺激形状记忆复合材料制备方法。
本发明的有益效果是:本发明提供一种新型的可重构热固性多重刺激形状记忆复合材料制备方法,具体制备一种兼具热塑性形状记忆聚合物的可加工性和共价交联热固性形状记忆聚合物更好的形状回复能力、机械性能和化学稳定性的环氧基形状记忆聚合物。通过向该基体中加入对不同刺激响应的填料,再通过简单的热压方法将其按照设计连接到一起。每个区域都可以独立地响应特定的外部刺激,从而实现多重形状记忆的效果。与之前的方法相比,本发明制备的形状记忆复合材料可以通过多次重构实现无穷多的多重形状记忆结构来满足不同的使用需求。本发明制备的可重构的热固性多重刺激形状记忆复合材料形状固定率95%以上,形状回复率达9 0%以上。
本发明用于制备兼具热塑性形状记忆聚合物的可加工性和共价交联热固性形状记忆聚合物更好的形状回复能力、机械性能和化学稳定性的环氧基形状记忆聚合物。
附图说明
图1为实施例一制备的可重构的热固性多重刺激形状记忆复合材料重构多种构型示意图,其中图2为构型1形状回复示意图,图3为构型2形状回复示意图。
具体实施方式
本发明技术方案不局限于以下所列举的具体实施方式,还包括各具体实施方式之间的任意组合。
具体实施方式一:本实施方式一种可重构的热固性多重刺激形状记忆复合材料制备方法,具体按以下步骤进行:
一、将二羟基联苯与环氧氯丙烷加入到正己烷中,保持1~1.5h,过滤,得到白色粉末;
二、将癸二酸和1,5,7-三氮杂二环[4.4.0]癸-5-烯加入到步骤一得到的白色粉末中,控制温度为180~200℃,混合均匀,然后装入模具中,保持温度,固化4~6h,得到基体材料;
三、将四氧化三铁纳米颗粒和甲基橙加入步骤二得到的基体材料中,混合均匀,得到形状记忆复合材料;
四、将步骤三得到的形状记忆复合材料放入目标模具中,热压,得到热固性多重刺激形状记忆复合材料;
五、将步骤四得到的热固性多重刺激形状记忆复合材料切割,重新排列,然后控制温度为190~210℃热压成型,完成一种可重构的热固性多重刺激形状记忆复合材料制备方法。
具体实施方式二:本实施方式与具体实施方式一不同的是:步骤一中二羟基联苯与环氧氯丙烷的摩尔比为1∶2。其它与具体实施方式一相同。
具体实施方式三:本实施方式与具体实施方式一或二不同的是:步骤二中癸二酸与步骤一得到的白色粉末的摩尔比为1∶1。其它与具体实施方式一或二相同。
具体实施方式四:本实施方式与具体实施方式一至三之一不同的是:步骤二中1,5,7-三氮杂二环[4.4.0]癸-5-烯的质量为体系总质量的0.5%。其它与具体实施方式一至三之一相同。
具体实施方式五:本实施方式与具体实施方式一至四之一不同的是:步骤二中保持温度为180~200℃。其它与具体实施方式一至四之一相同。
具体实施方式六:本实施方式与具体实施方式一至五之一不同的是:步骤二中固化时间为5h。其它与具体实施方式一至五之一相同。
具体实施方式七:本实施方式与具体实施方式一至六之一不同的是:步骤三中四氧化三铁纳米颗粒和甲基橙的质量和为体系总质量的10%。其它与具体实施方式一至六之一相同。
具体实施方式八:本实施方式与具体实施方式一至七之一不同的是:步骤四中热压温度为200℃,热压时间为5min。其它与具体实施方式一至七之一相同。
具体实施方式九:本实施方式与具体实施方式一至八之一不同的是:步骤五中热压成型温度为200℃。其它与具体实施方式一至八之一相同。
采用以下实施例验证本发明的有益效果:
实施例一:
本实施例一种可重构的热固性多重刺激形状记忆复合材料制备方法,具体按以下步骤进行:
一、将二羟基联苯与环氧氯丙烷加入到正己烷中,保持1h,过滤,得到白色粉末;二羟基联苯与环氧氯丙烷的摩尔比为1∶2;
二、将癸二酸和1,5,7-三氮杂二环[4.4.0]癸-5-烯加入到步骤一得到的白色粉末中,控制温度为180℃,混合均匀,然后装入模具中,保持温度,固化5h,得到基体材料;癸二酸与步骤一得到的白色粉末的摩尔比为1∶1;1,5,7-三氮杂二环[4.4.0]癸-5-烯的质量为体系总质量的0.5%;
三、将四氧化三铁纳米颗粒和甲基橙加入步骤二得到的基体材料中,混合均匀,得到形状记忆复合材料;
四、将步骤三得到的形状记忆复合材料放入目标模具中,热压,控制热压温度为200℃,热压时间为5min,得到热固性多重刺激形状记忆复合材料;四氧化三铁纳米颗粒和甲基橙的质量和为体系总质量的10%;
五、将步骤四得到的热固性多重刺激形状记忆复合材料切割,重新排列,然后控制温度为200℃热压成型,完成一种可重构的热固性多重刺激形状记忆复合材料制备方法。
本实施例制备的可重构的热固性多重刺激形状记忆复合材料重构多种构型示意图如图1所示,其中构型1形状回复示意图如图2所示,构型2形状回复示意图如图3所示。
本实施例制备的可重构的热固性多重刺激形状记忆复合材料形状固定率95%以上,形状回复率达90%以上。
本方法通过向该基体中加入对不同刺激响应的填料,再通过简单的热压方法将其按照设计连接到一起。每个区域都可以独立地响应特定的外部刺激,从而实现多重形状记忆的效果。与之前的方法相比,本发明制备的形状记忆复合材料可以通过多次重构实现无穷多的多重形状记忆结构来满足不同的使用需求。

Claims (9)

1.一种可重构的热固性多重刺激形状记忆复合材料制备方法,其特征在于该方法具体按以下步骤进行:
一、将二羟基联苯与环氧氯丙烷加入到正己烷中,保持1~1.5h,过滤,得到白色粉末;
二、将癸二酸和1,5,7-三氮杂二环[4.4.0]癸-5-烯加入到步骤一得到的白色粉末中,控制温度为180~200℃,混合均匀,然后装入模具中,保持温度,固化4~6h,得到基体材料;
三、将四氧化三铁纳米颗粒和甲基橙加入步骤二得到的基体材料中,混合均匀,得到形状记忆复合材料;
四、将步骤三得到的形状记忆复合材料放入目标模具中,热压,得到热固性多重刺激形状记忆复合材料;
五、将步骤四得到的热固性多重刺激形状记忆复合材料切割,重新排列,然后控制温度为190~210℃热压成型,完成一种可重构的热固性多重刺激形状记忆复合材料制备方法。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种可重构的热固性多重刺激形状记忆复合材料制备方法,其特征在于步骤一中二羟基联苯与环氧氯丙烷的摩尔比为1∶2。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种可重构的热固性多重刺激形状记忆复合材料制备方法,其特征在于步骤二中癸二酸与步骤一得到的白色粉末的摩尔比为1∶1。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种可重构的热固性多重刺激形状记忆复合材料制备方法,其特征在于步骤二中1,5,7-三氮杂二环[4.4.0]癸-5-烯的质量为体系总质量的0.5%。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种可重构的热固性多重刺激形状记忆复合材料制备方法,其特征在于步骤二中保持温度为180~200℃。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种可重构的热固性多重刺激形状记忆复合材料制备方法,其特征在于步骤二中固化时间为5h。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种可重构的热固性多重刺激形状记忆复合材料制备方法,其特征在于步骤三中四氧化三铁纳米颗粒和甲基橙的质量和为体系总质量的10%。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种可重构的热固性多重刺激形状记忆复合材料制备方法,其特征在于步骤四中热压温度为200℃,热压时间为5min。
9.根据权利要求1所述的一种可重构的热固性多重刺激形状记忆复合材料制备方法,其特征在于步骤五中热压成型温度为200℃。
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