CN107453457A - A kind of low pressure drop reverse-filling rectification circuit - Google Patents
A kind of low pressure drop reverse-filling rectification circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN107453457A CN107453457A CN201710629204.5A CN201710629204A CN107453457A CN 107453457 A CN107453457 A CN 107453457A CN 201710629204 A CN201710629204 A CN 201710629204A CN 107453457 A CN107453457 A CN 107453457A
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 206010034133 Pathogen resistance Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H02J7/027—
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
- B60L53/22—Constructional details or arrangements of charging converters specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
- H02J7/04—Regulation of charging current or voltage
- H02J7/06—Regulation of charging current or voltage using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/21—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/217—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
- B60L2200/12—Bikes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
- B60L2200/24—Personal mobility vehicles
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
Abstract
The present invention is a kind of low pressure drop reverse-filling rectification circuit, including auxiliary power circuit, whether there is input charger voltage and charging voltage polarity discriminating circuit and electronic switching circuit；Auxiliary power circuit includes resistance R1, resistance R5, voltage-regulator diode D1；Whetheing there is input charger voltage and charging voltage polarity discriminating circuit includes operational amplifier U1, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1, resistance R2, resistance R3, diode D2 and diode D3；Electronic switching circuit includes metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 and integrated operational amplifier U1.The present invention successfully solves the potential safety hazard of electric bicycle and automobile charging input port.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of anti-back flow circuit, specifically a kind of low pressure for electric automobile and electric bicycle
Reverse-filling rectification circuit drops.
Background technology
Electric automobile and electric bicycle are largely popularized at present, but charge no reliable safety measure,
When not charging, charge port is still joined directly together with battery pack, there is potential safety hazard, once charge port short circuit will cause greatly
Security incident, gently then burn vehicle, it is heavy then cause personal safety accident.In the prior art in order to solve this technical problem,
Various rectification circuit extensive uses, but pressure drop be present in the presence of the self-characteristic due to diode, forward conduction, when load electricity
When flowing larger, rectification power consumption will be higher, and the efficiency of power supply will be greatly reduced.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are the shortcomings that overcoming prior art, there is provided a kind of low pressure drop reverse-filling is whole
Current circuit, can successfully solve the potential safety hazard of electric bicycle and automobile charging input port.
The present invention solve above technical problem the first technical scheme be：
A kind of low pressure drop reverse-filling rectification circuit, including auxiliary power circuit, whether there is input charger voltage and charging voltage pole
Property judging circuit and electronic switching circuit；Auxiliary power circuit includes resistance R1, resistance R5, voltage-regulator diode D1；Whether there is input
Charger voltage and charging voltage polarity discriminating circuit include operational amplifier U1, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1, resistance R2, resistance R3, diode
D2 and diode D3；Electronic switching circuit includes metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 and integrated operational amplifier U1；
A resistance R1 termination battery pack and the positive pole of charging input, the positive pole of other end operational amplifier U1 power supply
Vcc and voltage-regulator diode D1 negative pole, while the negative pole Vss of operational amplifier U1 power supply connects the negative of voltage-regulator diode D1
Pole, supply voltage is provided for operational amplifier U1；
Operational amplifier U1 negative pole Vss is connected to the negative pole of battery pack through resistance R5, is provided for charging voltage polarity discriminating circuit
One negative voltage；Operational amplifier U1 in-phase input end 1# is connected to resistance R4 one end, and the another of resistance R4 terminates to computing
Amplifier U1 positive source Vcc, while operational amplifier U1 in-phase input end 1# is connected to diode D3 positive pole, diode
D3 negative pole is connected to the negative pole of battery pack, resistance R4, diode D3 composition operational amplifier U1 homophase input biasing, and computing is put
Big device U1 inverting input 3# is connected to resistance R2 one end, resistance R2 another positive source for terminating to operational amplifier U1
It is defeated that Vcc, while operational amplifier U1 in-phase input end 3# is connected to diode D2 positive pole, diode D2 negative pole are connected to charging
The negative pole gone out, resistance R2 and diode D2 composition operational amplifiers U1 anti-phase input biasing, while operational amplifier U1's
With the mutually defeated and indirect resistance R3 of inverting input, when being inputted without charging, the biasing of inverting input is by resistance R2, resistance R3
There is provided with diode D3；
The output end that metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 grid is connected to operational amplifier U1 controls it whether to turn on by operational amplifier U1, MOS
Pipe Q1 drain electrode is connected to the negative pole of charging input end and is connected with diode D2 negative pole, and metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 source electrode is connected to electricity
The negative pole of pond group is simultaneously connected with diode D3 negative pole.
So, when being inputted without charging and charging input end is opened a way or be short-circuit, operational amplifier U1 in-phase input end is electric
Position is less than anti-phase input terminal potential, therefore operational amplifier U1 output ends 4# output low levels, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 are off state,
Prevent because charge port accidental short circuit causes, to personal machine charger, to be electrically charged the damage of equipment.
When the input voltage that charges is reversed, due to diode D2 presence, diode D2 is in reverse not on-state, together
Sample operational amplifier U1 homophase input terminal potential is less than anti-phase input terminal potential, therefore operational amplifier U1 output ends 4# is exported
Low level, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 are off state, effectively protect charger and battery pack, will not be caused because of charging voltage is reversed
It is electrically charged the damage of equipment and charger.
When external correct charging voltage, because the direction of charging current is to flow to charging voltage from the positive pole of battery pack
Negative pole, post the presence of body diode additionally, due to metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 inside, operational amplifier U1 homophase input terminal potential is higher than
Anti-phase input terminal potential, therefore operational amplifier U1 output ends 4# output high level, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 is in the conduction state, therefore MOS
Pipe the pressure drop on Q1 is exactly the product of charging current and metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 conducting resistances, due to metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 conducting resistance very littles, only
50m Ω, charging current 1.78A, therefore metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 pressure drop=1.78*50m Ω=89mV, far below leading for Schottky diode
The pressure that is powered 500mV, reduces charging power consumption, charge port will not be caused to generate heat during charging, simultaneously because pressure drop very little is to battery pack
Charging will not cause charging to be not fully filled phenomenon.
Terminate to extract the instantaneous of charger when charging, because metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 is in the conduction state, charge current interruption, flow through
The negative pole that the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 sense of current is instantaneously flowed to charger by battery pack becomes to flow to the negative of battery pack by the negative pole of charger
Pole, due to the presence of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 internal resistances（It is less than resistance R4 resistance value, therefore two in the resistance value for setting timing resistor R2 simultaneously
Pole pipe D2 forward conduction voltage is higher than diode D3 forward conduction voltage）It ensure that the current potential of the inverting input of amplifier is high
Low level is become by high level immediately in the output end 4# of the current potential of in-phase input end, therefore operational amplifier U1, metal-oxide-semiconductor is led
It is logical to be changed into turning off.
The present invention solve above technical problem second of technical scheme be：
A kind of low pressure drop reverse-filling rectification circuit, including auxiliary power circuit, whether there is input charger voltage and charging voltage pole
Property judging circuit and electronic switching circuit；Auxiliary power circuit includes resistance R1, resistance R2, resistance R3, diode D2 and two poles
Pipe D3；Electronic switching circuit includes metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 and operational amplifier U1；Input charger voltage whether there is differentiates electricity with polarity of voltage
Road includes operational amplifier U1, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1, resistance R2, resistance R3, diode D2 and diode D3；
A resistance R1 termination battery pack and the positive pole of charging input, the positive pole of another termination operational amplifier U1 power supply
Vcc, while the negative pole Vss of operational amplifier U1 power supply is directly connected to the negative pole of battery pack, resistance R1 resistance according to
The difference of charging voltage, while coordinate resistance R2 and resistance R4 resistance to provide suitable supply voltage for operational amplifier U1；
Operational amplifier U1 in-phase input end 1# is connected to resistance R4 one end, and the another of resistance R4 terminates to operational amplifier U1
Positive source Vcc, while operational amplifier U1 in-phase input end 1# is connected to diode D3 positive pole, diode D3 negative pole
It is connected to the negative pole of battery pack, resistance R4 and diode D3 composition operational amplifiers U1 homophase input biasing, operational amplifier U1
Inverting input 3# be connected to resistance R2 one end, resistance R2 another positive source Vcc for terminating to operational amplifier U1, together
When operational amplifier U1 in-phase input end 3# be connected to diode D2 positive pole, diode D2 negative pole is connected to the negative of charging output
Pole, resistance R2 and diode D2 composition operational amplifiers U1 anti-phase input biasing, while in the same mutually defeated of operational amplifier U1
With the indirect resistance R3 of inverting input, when being inputted without charging, the biasing of inverting input is by resistance R2, resistance R3 and two poles
Pipe D3 is provided；
The output end that metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 grid is connected to operational amplifier U1 controls it whether to turn on by operational amplifier U1, MOS
Pipe Q1 drain electrode is connected to the negative pole of charging input end and is connected with diode D2 negative pole, and metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 source electrode is connected to electricity
The negative pole of pond group is simultaneously connected with diode D3 negative pole.
So, when being inputted without charging and charging input end is opened a way or be short-circuit, operational amplifier U1 in-phase input end is electric
Position is less than anti-phase input terminal potential, therefore operational amplifier U1 output ends 4# output low levels, and metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1, which is off state, to be prevented
Only because charge port accidental short circuit causes, to personal machine charger, to be electrically charged the damage of equipment.
When the input voltage that charges is reversed, due to diode D2 presence, diode D2 is in reverse not on-state, together
Sample operational amplifier U1 homophase input terminal potential is less than anti-phase input terminal potential, therefore operational amplifier U1 output ends 4# is exported
Low level, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 are off state and effectively protect charger and battery pack, will not because of charging voltage it is reversed cause by
The damage of charging equipment and charger.
When external correct charging voltage, because the direction of charging current is to flow to charging voltage from the positive pole of battery pack
Negative pole, post the presence of body diode additionally, due to metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 inside, operational amplifier U1 homophase input terminal potential is higher than
Anti-phase input terminal potential, therefore operational amplifier U1 output ends 4# output high level, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 is in the conduction state, therefore MOS
Pipe the pressure drop on Q1 is exactly the product of charging current and metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 conducting resistances, due to metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 conducting resistance very littles, only
50m Ω, charging current 1.78A, therefore metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 pressure drop=1.78*50m Ω=89mV, far below leading for Schottky diode
The pressure that is powered 500mV, reduces charging power consumption, charge port will not be caused to generate heat during charging, simultaneously because pressure drop very little is to battery pack
Charging will not cause charging to be not fully filled phenomenon.
Terminate to extract the instantaneous of charger when charging, because metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 is in the conduction state, charge current interruption, flow through
The negative pole that the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 sense of current is instantaneously flowed to charger by battery pack becomes to flow to the negative of battery pack by the negative pole of charger
Pole, due to the presence of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 internal resistances（It is less than resistance R4 resistance value, therefore two in the resistance value for setting timing resistor R2 simultaneously
Pole pipe D2 forward conduction voltage is higher than diode D3 forward conduction voltage）It ensure that the current potential of the inverting input of amplifier is high
In the current potential of in-phase input end, therefore operational amplifier U1 output end 4# becomes low level by high level immediately, and metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 has
Conducting is changed into turning off.
Second of technical scheme circuit of the invention eliminates voltage-regulator diode on the basis of the first technical scheme circuit
D1, resistance R5, the operating voltage of amplifier are depressured to obtain by resistance R1, reduce further product cost, reliability is further
Improve.
As can be seen here, the present invention successfully solves the potential safety hazard of electric bicycle and automobile charging input port, if
If there is no reverse-filling measure in the charging input port of electric bicycle and electric automobile, once because child does not use metal with caution
By input port short circuit or because rainwater causes input port short-circuit, it will cause electric automobile or battery of electric bicycle group machine
Whole control system is burnt, or even causes human casualty accident, in order to solve this problem, is existed again with Schottky diode and is turned on
Pressure drop is too big, can generate heat during charging, and be not fully filled；This invention efficiently solves above potential safety hazard, can replace completely
For the application of Schottky diode.
Model of the circuit of the present invention due to Q1 can be changed, it is easy to make the electronic switch of high-voltage large current, and lead
Be powered resistance very little, therefore circuit can be widely applied to various charging occasions；Because existing synchronous rectification electric current is complicated and valency
Lattice are expensive, and this circuit is simple and reliable, if making special circuit, only three pin, using very convenient, can substitute completely existing
Circuit of synchronous rectification；Reverse due to Schottky diode pressure-resistant can not accomplish leading for high voltage and Schottky diode itself
The pressure that is powered is also higher, and in high current, oneself power consumption will be very big, and this circuit is due to conducting resistance very little, therefore this circuit
Schottky diode and high current diode can be substituted completely.The present invention with Switching Power Supply be used as synchronous rectification, to it is electronic oneself
The charge port of driving and automobile plays effective anti-short-circuit protection.
Brief description of the drawings
The circuit that Fig. 1 is the present invention connects block diagram.
Fig. 2 is the circuit theory diagrams of embodiments of the invention 1.
Fig. 3 is the circuit theory diagrams of the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment is a kind of low pressure drop reverse-filling rectification circuit, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, including auxiliary power circuit, whether there is it is defeated
Enter charger voltage and charging voltage polarity discriminating circuit and electronic switching circuit；Auxiliary power circuit includes resistance R1, resistance
R5, voltage-regulator diode D1；Whetheing there is input charger voltage and charging voltage polarity discriminating circuit includes operational amplifier U1, MOS
Pipe Q1, resistance R2, resistance R3, diode D2 and diode D3；Electronic switching circuit includes metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 and integrated operational amplifier
U1；
A resistance R1 termination battery pack and the positive pole of charging input, the positive pole of other end operational amplifier U1 power supply
Vcc and voltage-regulator diode D1 negative pole, while the negative pole Vss of operational amplifier U1 power supply connects the negative of voltage-regulator diode D1
Pole, supply voltage is provided for operational amplifier U1；
Operational amplifier U1 negative pole Vss is connected to the negative pole of battery pack through resistance R5, is provided for charging voltage polarity discriminating circuit
One negative voltage；Operational amplifier U1 in-phase input end 1# is connected to resistance R4 one end, and the another of resistance R4 terminates to computing
Amplifier U1 positive source Vcc, while operational amplifier U1 in-phase input end 1# is connected to diode D3 positive pole, diode
D3 negative pole is connected to the negative pole of battery pack, resistance R4, diode D3 composition operational amplifier U1 homophase input biasing, and computing is put
Big device U1 inverting input 3# is connected to resistance R2 one end, resistance R2 another positive source for terminating to operational amplifier U1
It is defeated that Vcc, while operational amplifier U1 in-phase input end 3# is connected to diode D2 positive pole, diode D2 negative pole are connected to charging
The negative pole gone out, resistance R2 and diode D2 composition operational amplifiers U1 anti-phase input biasing, while operational amplifier U1's
With the mutually defeated and indirect resistance R3 of inverting input, when being inputted without charging, the biasing of inverting input is by resistance R2, resistance R3
There is provided with diode D3；
The output end that metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 grid is connected to operational amplifier U1 controls it whether to turn on by operational amplifier U1, MOS
Pipe Q1 drain electrode is connected to the negative pole of charging input end and is connected with diode D2 negative pole, and metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 source electrode is connected to electricity
The negative pole of pond group is simultaneously connected with diode D3 negative pole.
When being inputted without charging and charging input end is opened a way or be short-circuit, operational amplifier U1 homophase input terminal potential is low
In anti-phase input terminal potential, therefore operational amplifier U1 output ends 4# output low levels, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 are off state, prevented
Because charge port accidental short circuit causes, to personal machine charger, to be electrically charged the damage of equipment.
When the input voltage that charges is reversed, due to diode D2 presence, diode D2 is in reverse not on-state, together
Sample operational amplifier U1 homophase input terminal potential is less than anti-phase input terminal potential, therefore operational amplifier U1 output ends 4# is exported
Low level, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 are off state, effectively protect charger and battery pack, will not be caused because of charging voltage is reversed
It is electrically charged the damage of equipment and charger.
When external correct charging voltage, because the direction of charging current is to flow to charging voltage from the positive pole of battery pack
Negative pole, post the presence of body diode additionally, due to metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 inside, operational amplifier U1 homophase input terminal potential is higher than
Anti-phase input terminal potential, therefore operational amplifier U1 output ends 4# output high level, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 is in the conduction state, therefore MOS
Pipe the pressure drop on Q1 is exactly the product of charging current and metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 conducting resistances, due to metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 conducting resistance very littles, only
50m Ω, charging current 1.78A, therefore metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 pressure drop=1.78*50m Ω=89mV, far below leading for Schottky diode
The pressure that is powered 500mV, reduces charging power consumption, charge port will not be caused to generate heat during charging, simultaneously because pressure drop very little is to battery pack
Charging will not cause charging to be not fully filled phenomenon.
Terminate to extract the instantaneous of charger when charging, because metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 is in the conduction state, charge current interruption, flow through
The negative pole that the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 sense of current is instantaneously flowed to charger by battery pack becomes to flow to the negative of battery pack by the negative pole of charger
Pole, due to the presence of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 internal resistances（It is less than resistance R4 resistance value, therefore two in the resistance value for setting timing resistor R2 simultaneously
Pole pipe D2 forward conduction voltage is higher than diode D3 forward conduction voltage）It ensure that the current potential of the inverting input of amplifier is high
Low level is become by high level immediately in the output end 4# of the current potential of in-phase input end, therefore operational amplifier U1, metal-oxide-semiconductor is led
It is logical to be changed into turning off.
The present embodiment can successfully solve the potential safety hazard of electric bicycle and automobile charging input port, if electronic
If the charging input port of bicycle and electric automobile does not have reverse-filling measure, once it will be inputted because child does not use metal with caution
Mouth is short-circuit or because rainwater causes input port short-circuit, it will causes electric automobile or battery of electric bicycle group machine entirely to control
System processed is burnt, or even causes human casualty accident, in order to solve this problem, conduction voltage drop again be present too with Schottky diode
Greatly, it can generate heat, and be not fully filled during charging；This invention efficiently solves above potential safety hazard, can substitute Xiao Te completely
The application of based diode.
Model of the present embodiment circuit due to Q1 can be changed, it is easy to the electronic switch of high-voltage large current is made, and
Conducting resistance very little, therefore circuit can be widely applied to various charging occasions；Because existing synchronous rectification electric current is complicated and
Expensive, this circuit is simple and reliable, if making special circuit, only three pin, using very convenient, can substitute completely existing
Some circuit of synchronous rectification；Due to reverse pressure-resistant high voltage and the Schottky diode itself of can not accomplishing of Schottky diode
Conducting voltage is also higher, and in high current, oneself power consumption will be very big, and this circuit is due to conducting resistance very little, therefore this electricity
Road can substitute Schottky diode and high current diode completely.The present invention and Switching Power Supply are as synchronous rectification, to electronic
The charge port of bicycle and automobile plays effective anti-short-circuit protection.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment is a kind of low pressure drop reverse-filling rectification circuit, as shown in figures 1 and 3, including auxiliary power circuit, whether there is it is defeated
Enter charger voltage and charging voltage polarity discriminating circuit and electronic switching circuit；Auxiliary power circuit includes resistance R1, resistance
R2, resistance R3, diode D2 and diode D3；Electronic switching circuit includes metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 and operational amplifier U1；Input charger
Voltage whether there is includes operational amplifier U1, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1, resistance R2, resistance R3, diode D2 and two with polarity of voltage judging circuit
Pole pipe D3；
A resistance R1 termination battery pack and the positive pole of charging input, the positive pole of another termination operational amplifier U1 power supply
Vcc, while the negative pole Vss of operational amplifier U1 power supply is directly connected to the negative pole of battery pack, resistance R1 resistance according to
The difference of charging voltage, while coordinate resistance R2 and resistance R4 resistance to provide suitable supply voltage for operational amplifier U1；
Operational amplifier U1 in-phase input end 1# is connected to resistance R4 one end, and the another of resistance R4 terminates to operational amplifier U1
Positive source Vcc, while operational amplifier U1 in-phase input end 1# is connected to diode D3 positive pole, diode D3 negative pole
It is connected to the negative pole of battery pack, resistance R4 and diode D3 composition operational amplifiers U1 homophase input biasing, operational amplifier U1
Inverting input 3# be connected to resistance R2 one end, resistance R2 another positive source Vcc for terminating to operational amplifier U1, together
When operational amplifier U1 in-phase input end 3# be connected to diode D2 positive pole, diode D2 negative pole is connected to the negative of charging output
Pole, resistance R2 and diode D2 composition operational amplifiers U1 anti-phase input biasing, while in the same mutually defeated of operational amplifier U1
With the indirect resistance R3 of inverting input, when being inputted without charging, the biasing of inverting input is by resistance R2, resistance R3 and two poles
Pipe D3 is provided；
The output end that metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 grid is connected to operational amplifier U1 controls it whether to turn on by operational amplifier U1, MOS
Pipe Q1 drain electrode is connected to the negative pole of charging input end and is connected with diode D2 negative pole, and metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 source electrode is connected to electricity
The negative pole of pond group is simultaneously connected with diode D3 negative pole.
When being inputted without charging and charging input end is opened a way or be short-circuit, operational amplifier U1 homophase input terminal potential is low
In anti-phase input terminal potential, therefore operational amplifier U1 output ends 4# output low levels, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 be off state prevent because
Cause, to personal machine charger, to be electrically charged the damage of equipment for charge port accidental short circuit.
When the input voltage that charges is reversed, due to diode D2 presence, diode D2 is in reverse not on-state, together
Sample operational amplifier U1 homophase input terminal potential is less than anti-phase input terminal potential, therefore operational amplifier U1 output ends 4# is exported
Low level, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 are off state and effectively protect charger and battery pack, will not because of charging voltage it is reversed cause by
The damage of charging equipment and charger.
When external correct charging voltage, because the direction of charging current is to flow to charging voltage from the positive pole of battery pack
Negative pole, post the presence of body diode additionally, due to metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 inside, operational amplifier U1 homophase input terminal potential is higher than
Anti-phase input terminal potential, therefore operational amplifier U1 output ends 4# output high level, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 is in the conduction state, therefore MOS
Pipe the pressure drop on Q1 is exactly the product of charging current and metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 conducting resistances, due to metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 conducting resistance very littles, only
50m Ω, charging current 1.78A, therefore metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 pressure drop=1.78*50m Ω=89mV, far below leading for Schottky diode
The pressure that is powered 500mV, reduces charging power consumption, charge port will not be caused to generate heat during charging, simultaneously because pressure drop very little is to battery pack
Charging will not cause charging to be not fully filled phenomenon.
Terminate to extract the instantaneous of charger when charging, because metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 is in the conduction state, charge current interruption, flow through
The negative pole that the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 sense of current is instantaneously flowed to charger by battery pack becomes to flow to the negative of battery pack by the negative pole of charger
Pole, due to the presence of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 internal resistances（It is less than resistance R4 resistance value, therefore two in the resistance value for setting timing resistor R2 simultaneously
Pole pipe D2 forward conduction voltage is higher than diode D3 forward conduction voltage）It ensure that the current potential of the inverting input of amplifier is high
In the current potential of in-phase input end, therefore operational amplifier U1 output end 4# becomes low level by high level immediately, and metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 has
Conducting is changed into turning off.
The present embodiment eliminates voltage-regulator diode D1, resistance R5 on the basis of embodiment one, and the operating voltage of amplifier is led to
Cross resistance R1 to be depressured to obtain, reduce further product cost, reliability further improves.
The present embodiment can successfully solve the potential safety hazard of electric bicycle and automobile charging input port, if electronic
If the charging input port of bicycle and electric automobile does not have reverse-filling measure, once it will be inputted because child does not use metal with caution
Mouth is short-circuit or because rainwater causes input port short-circuit, it will causes electric automobile or battery of electric bicycle group machine entirely to control
System processed is burnt, or even causes human casualty accident, in order to solve this problem, conduction voltage drop again be present too with Schottky diode
Greatly, it can generate heat, and be not fully filled during charging；This invention efficiently solves above potential safety hazard, can substitute Xiao Te completely
The application of based diode.
Model of the present embodiment circuit due to Q1 can be changed, it is easy to the electronic switch of high-voltage large current is made, and
Conducting resistance very little, therefore circuit can be widely applied to various charging occasions；Because existing synchronous rectification electric current is complicated and
Expensive, this circuit is simple and reliable, if making special circuit, only three pin, using very convenient, can substitute completely existing
Some circuit of synchronous rectification；Due to reverse pressure-resistant high voltage and the Schottky diode itself of can not accomplishing of Schottky diode
Conducting voltage is also higher, and in high current, oneself power consumption will be very big, and this circuit is due to conducting resistance very little, therefore this electricity
Road can substitute Schottky diode and high current diode completely.The present invention and Switching Power Supply are as synchronous rectification, to electronic
The charge port of bicycle and automobile plays effective anti-short-circuit protection.
In addition to the implementation, the present invention can also have other embodiment.It is all to use equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation shape
Into technical scheme, all fall within the protection domains of application claims.
Claims (3)
- A kind of 1. low pressure drop reverse-filling rectification circuit, it is characterised in that：Including auxiliary power circuit, whether there is input charger voltage With charging voltage polarity discriminating circuit and electronic switching circuit；The auxiliary power circuit includes resistance R1, resistance R5, voltage stabilizing Diode D1；The input charger voltage and charging voltage polarity discriminating circuit of whetheing there is includes operational amplifier U1, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1, resistance R2, resistance R3, diode D2 and diode D3；The electronic switching circuit includes metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 and integrated computation amplifies Device U1；A termination battery pack of the resistance R1 and the positive pole of charging input, other end operational amplifier U1 power supply is just Pole Vcc and voltage-regulator diode D1 negative pole, while the negative pole Vss of operational amplifier U1 power supply connects voltage-regulator diode D1's Negative pole, supply voltage is provided for operational amplifier U1；The negative pole Vss of the operational amplifier U1 is connected to the negative pole of battery pack through resistance R5, for whether there is input charger voltage and Charging voltage polarity discriminating circuit provides a negative voltage；Operational amplifier U1 in-phase input end 1# is connected to the one of resistance R4 End, resistance R4 another positive source Vcc for terminating to operational amplifier U1, while operational amplifier U1 in-phase input end 1# Diode D3 positive pole is connected to, diode D3 negative pole is connected to the negative pole of battery pack, resistance R4, diode D3 composition operation amplifier Device U1 homophase input biasing, operational amplifier U1 inverting input 3# are connected to resistance R2 one end, the resistance R2 other end Operational amplifier U1 positive source Vcc is connected to, while operational amplifier U1 in-phase input end 3# is being connected to diode D2 just Pole, diode D2 negative pole are connected to the negative pole of charging output, and resistance R2 and diode D2 form the anti-phase defeated of operational amplifier U1 Enter biasing, while in the operational amplifier U1 same mutually defeated and indirect resistance R3 of inverting input, it is anti-phase when being inputted without charging The biasing of input is provided by resistance R2, resistance R3 and diode D3；The output end that metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 grid is connected to operational amplifier U1 controls it whether to turn on by operational amplifier U1, MOS Pipe Q1 drain electrode is connected to the negative pole of charging input end and is connected with diode D2 negative pole, and metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 source electrode is connected to electricity The negative pole of pond group is simultaneously connected with diode D3 negative pole.
- A kind of 2. low pressure drop reverse-filling rectification circuit, it is characterised in that：Including auxiliary power circuit, whether there is input charger voltage With charging voltage polarity discriminating circuit and electronic switching circuit；The auxiliary power circuit includes resistance R1, resistance R2, resistance R3, diode D2 and diode D3；The electronic switching circuit includes metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 and operational amplifier U1；The input charging Device voltage whether there is with polarity of voltage judging circuit include operational amplifier U1, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1, resistance R2, resistance R3, diode D2 and Diode D3；A termination battery pack of the resistance R1 and the positive pole of charging input, another termination operational amplifier U1 power supply Positive pole Vcc, while the negative pole Vss of operational amplifier U1 power supply is directly connected to the negative pole of battery pack, resistance R1 resistance According to the difference of charging voltage, while resistance R2 and resistance R4 resistance is coordinated to provide suitable power supply electricity for operational amplifier U1 Pressure；The in-phase input end 1# of the operational amplifier U1 is connected to resistance R4 one end, and the another of resistance R4 terminates to operation amplifier Device U1 positive source Vcc, while operational amplifier U1 in-phase input end 1# is connected to diode D3 positive pole, diode D3's Negative pole is connected to the negative pole of battery pack, resistance R4 and diode D3 composition operational amplifiers U1 homophase input biasing, operation amplifier Device U1 inverting input 3# is connected to resistance R2 one end, resistance R2 another positive source for terminating to operational amplifier U1 It is defeated that Vcc, while operational amplifier U1 in-phase input end 3# is connected to diode D2 positive pole, diode D2 negative pole are connected to charging The negative pole gone out, resistance R2 and diode D2 composition operational amplifiers U1 anti-phase input biasing, while operational amplifier U1's With the mutually defeated and indirect resistance R3 of inverting input, when being inputted without charging, the biasing of inverting input is by resistance R2, resistance R3 There is provided with diode D3；The output end that metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 grid is connected to operational amplifier U1 controls it whether to turn on by operational amplifier U1, MOS Pipe Q1 drain electrode is connected to the negative pole of charging input end and is connected with diode D2 negative pole, and metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 source electrode is connected to electricity The negative pole of pond group is simultaneously connected with diode D3 negative pole.
- 3. low pressure drop reverse-filling rectification circuit as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：The resistance value of the resistance R2 Less than resistance R4 resistance value.
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| CN201710629204.5A CN107453457A (en) | 2017-07-28 | 2017-07-28 | A kind of low pressure drop reverse-filling rectification circuit |
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| CN201710629204.5A CN107453457A (en) | 2017-07-28 | 2017-07-28 | A kind of low pressure drop reverse-filling rectification circuit |
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| CN107453457A true CN107453457A (en) | 2017-12-08 |
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| CN201710629204.5A Pending CN107453457A (en) | 2017-07-28 | 2017-07-28 | A kind of low pressure drop reverse-filling rectification circuit |
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| CN109450416A (en) * | 2018-10-19 | 2019-03-08 | 福建和盛高科技产业有限公司 | A kind of high-current low-voltage difference diode equivalent circuit based on metal-oxide-semiconductor |
| CN113224740A (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2021-08-06 | 上海宏英智能科技股份有限公司 | Reverse connection prevention and surge prevention circuit of large-current power supply |
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