CN107452917B - Secondary battery - Google Patents

Secondary battery Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107452917B
CN107452917B CN201710266854.8A CN201710266854A CN107452917B CN 107452917 B CN107452917 B CN 107452917B CN 201710266854 A CN201710266854 A CN 201710266854A CN 107452917 B CN107452917 B CN 107452917B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
battery
secondary battery
lithium ion
outside
housing
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CN201710266854.8A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN107452917A (en
Inventor
K·开普勒
J·爱德华兹
A·拉尔森
B·泽葛
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Farasis Energy Ganzhou Co Ltd
Farasis Energy Zhenjiang Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Farasis Energy Ganzhou Co Ltd
Farasis Energy Zhenjiang Co Ltd
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Publication of CN107452917A publication Critical patent/CN107452917A/en
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Publication of CN107452917B publication Critical patent/CN107452917B/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/317Re-sealable arrangements
    • H01M50/325Re-sealable arrangements comprising deformable valve members, e.g. elastic or flexible valve members
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/35Gas exhaust passages comprising elongated, tortuous or labyrinth-shaped exhaust passages
    • H01M50/367Internal gas exhaust passages forming part of the battery cover or case; Double cover vent systems
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/211Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for pouch cells
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Gas Exhaust Devices For Batteries (AREA)
  • Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides a secondary battery, including; a housing having an interior cavity; a lithium ion pouch battery including an electrical connection terminal exposed to an outside of the case; and the secondary battery further includes a gas discharge mechanism formed by a compressive material and formed in the form of a bladder to discharge the pressure generated in the internal cavity to the outside of the case by the discharge of the bladder of the compressive material, and the lithium ion pouch battery pack and the compressive material are both located in the internal cavity of the case and sealed in an encapsulation layer.

Description

Secondary battery
Cross Reference to Related Applications
This application claims priority to U.S. provisional patent application No.62/326,161 entitled "Battery Expansion Vent" filed on 2016, 4, 22, the contents of which are hereby expressly and fully incorporated by reference.
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a secondary battery, and particularly to a secondary battery having an exhaust mechanism.
Background
With the development of the demand for reduced fuel consumption, more and more industrial fields require batteries for supplying electric power to motors as power sources. For example, it is known to design automobiles or other vehicles as electric vehicles rather than as vehicles that rely on conventional internal combustion engines. Therefore, a battery (or a battery package) generally includes at least one battery array (battery array) including a plurality of battery cells to have a higher capacity and a smaller volume, which puts higher demands on a heat dissipation and exhaust system of the battery.
Pouch batteries are increasingly used due to good safety and high energy density. Typically, pouch batteries include a series of lithium ion pouch batteries disposed in a closed protective housing. However, in some cases, such as when a lithium ion battery is overcharged or aged, the pouch cell may swell. Thus, the closed housing will be subjected to increased pressure from the inside, which results in a potential safety hazard. A technical solution is needed to solve or at least alleviate the above technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, we provide a secondary battery having a novel mechanism to enable the release of pressure generated in an inner cavity of the secondary battery to the outside, so that when the lithium ion pouch battery swells during use, the pressure in the inner cavity is released to ensure the safety of the secondary battery.
Accordingly, the present invention provides a secondary battery including; a housing having an interior cavity; a lithium ion pouch battery including an electrical connection terminal exposed to an outside of the case; and the secondary battery further includes a gas discharge mechanism formed by a compressive material and formed in the form of a bladder to discharge the pressure generated in the internal cavity to the outside of the case by the discharge of the bladder of the compressive material, and the lithium ion pouch battery pack and the compressive material are both located in the internal cavity of the case and sealed in an encapsulation layer.
Preferably, the air discharge mechanism includes at least one passage connecting an inner space of the airbag and an outside of the housing.
Preferably, the air exhaust mechanism comprises at least one air exhaust channel made of a compressive material, interposed between the lithium ion pouch battery pack and the encapsulating layer, and communicated to the outside of the case.
Preferably, outer ends of the exhaust passages protrude from different outer surfaces of the housing, respectively.
Preferably, the vent mechanism includes at least one-way valve located at an outer end of the vent passage and allowing air pressure within the air bag to be released to the exterior of the housing.
Preferably, when the one-way valve is closed, the air pressure within the bladder is higher than the pressure outside the housing.
Preferably, the exhaust passage includes at least one main passage connected to the outside of the housing and a plurality of branch passages in fluid communication with the main passage.
Preferably, the exhaust passage includes two main passages parallel to each other and a plurality of branch passages provided in parallel between and connected to the two main passages.
Preferably, each lithium ion pouch battery comprises a battery body, the battery body is provided with a battery lug, a plurality of lithium ion pouch batteries are arranged adjacent to each other, the corresponding battery lugs are electrically connected, a plurality of spacing spaces are formed between the battery lugs, and the branch passages are respectively positioned in the corresponding spacing spaces.
Preferably, the air exhaust mechanism is located at the top of the lithium ion soft pack battery.
Preferably, the compressive material used to form the bladder is disposed immediately adjacent to one or more of the lithium ion pouch cells.
Due to the above technical features, such a mechanism included in the secondary battery according to the present invention has an advantage that the pressure generated in the internal cavity of the secondary battery can be released to the outside of the case of the secondary battery by the exhaust of the air bag of the compressive material, so that the pressure in the internal cavity can be released when the lithium ion pouch battery is expanded in use, to achieve the object of the present invention.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is an exploded perspective view showing the secondary battery in fig. 1, in which a part of the encapsulation layer and the case is omitted for the sake of brief clarity;
3 fig. 3 3 3 shows 3 a 3 cross 3- 3 sectional 3 view 3 of 3 the 3 secondary 3 battery 3 of 3 fig. 3 1 3, 3 wherein 3 the 3 secondary 3 battery 3 is 3 cut 3 along 3 the 3 line 3 a 3- 3 a 3 of 3 fig. 3 1 3, 3 and 3 only 3 the 3 upper 3 portion 3 of 3 the 3 secondary 3 battery 3 is 3 shown 3 and 3 the 3 encapsulation 3 layer 3 is 3 omitted 3 for 3 clarity 3; 3
3 fig. 3 4 3 shows 3 a 3 sectional 3 view 3 of 3 the 3 secondary 3 battery 3 in 3 fig. 3 1 3 in 3 the 3 direction 3 of 3 line 3 a 3- 3 a 3 in 3 fig. 3 1 3; 3
Fig. 5 shows a sectional view of the secondary battery in fig. 1 in the direction of line B-B in fig. 1.
Description of the reference numerals
1 casing 2 lithium ion soft package battery
3 encapsulation layer 4 electric connection terminal
5 outer end of exhaust mechanism 51
52 main channel 53 branch channel
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described below. It is to be understood that the embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the invention.
According to the present invention, there is provided a secondary battery including; a housing 1, the housing 1 having an interior cavity; a lithium ion pouch battery 2, the lithium ion pouch battery 2 including an electrical connection terminal 4 exposed to the outside of the case 1; the secondary battery further includes a gas discharge mechanism 5 formed of a compressible material and formed in the form of a balloon to discharge the pressure generated in the internal cavity to the outside of the case 1 by the discharge of the balloon of the compressible material, and the lithium ion pouch battery pack 2 and the compressible material are both located in the internal cavity of the case 1 and sealed in the encapsulating layer 3.
It is to be understood that the secondary battery of the present invention may be used not only for electric vehicles but also extended to any lithium ion secondary battery packaging application, such as portable electronic devices or stationary battery backup devices.
In practice, the lithium-ion pouch battery 2 may comprise at least one lithium-ion pouch battery comprising an external seal and a liquid or slurry electrode material encapsulated by the seal. More generally, however, as shown in fig. 2, the lithium ion pouch battery pack 2 may include a plurality of pouch battery cells. The technical scheme of the invention is widely applied to the design of the package of any type of lithium ion soft package batteries.
The case 1 provides the secondary battery with an integral structure and appearance, has an inner cavity for mounting the encapsulation layer 3, and the airbag is sealed in the encapsulation layer 3. The compressive material may be used to contain or absorb the expansion space of the lithium ion pouch battery 2. Although the casing 1 is shown as a rectangular parallelepiped as a whole in the drawings, the present invention is not limited thereto, but is applicable to casings of other shapes. The electric connection terminal 4 is connected to the lithium ion pouch battery pack 2 and exposed to the outside of the case 1 through the encapsulation layer 3 and the case 1.
As described above, the main difference from the conventional technical solution is that in the technical solution of the present invention, a vent mechanism 5 is provided, and the vent mechanism 5 releases the internal pressure generated in the internal cavity to the outside of the housing 1 through the venting of the air bag of the compressible material, so that when the lithium ion pouch battery pack 2 is expanded in use, the pressure in the internal cavity can be released, for example, in such a manner that the air in the internal cavity is allowed to flow into the external environment in a controllable manner, thereby achieving the object of the present invention.
The air release mechanism 5 may have various forms as long as it is based on the release of the internal pressure generated in the internal cavity to the outside of the housing 1 by the air release of the air bag of the compressible material. According to one embodiment of the invention, the venting means 5 comprise at least one passage connecting the inner space of the airbag and the outside of the housing 1 and in this way the inner space of the airbag communicates directly with the outside of the housing 1 through the passage. For example, at least one through hole is provided through the case 1 and the encapsulating layer 3. The communication of the inner space of the airbag with the outside of the housing 1 is achieved by at least one passage passing through the through-hole and connected to the inner space of the airbag so that the gas in the inner space of the airbag can be discharged to the outside. The through hole can be arranged at a proper position of the shell 1 so as not to influence the installation of the lithium ion soft package battery pack 2 on the basis of realizing the invention. And the number and the geometric parameters of the through holes can be selected and designed according to different working conditions.
As clearly shown in fig. 2 and 4, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the air discharge mechanism 5 includes at least one air discharge passage made of a compressible material, interposed between the lithium ion pouch battery pack 2 and the encapsulating layer 3, and communicating to the outside of the case 1. Specifically, the exhaust passage extends from the inside of the airbag to the outside of the housing 1 to release the internal pressure generated in the internal cavity to the outside of the housing 1.
Specifically, the exhaust passage includes a plurality of outer ends 51, and the plurality of outer ends 51 protrude from different outer surfaces of the housing 1, respectively. For example, in the embodiment shown in fig. 4, the outer ends 51 protrude from two opposite surfaces of the housing 1, respectively, although other surfaces may be selected as needed. However, it should be understood that the invention is not limited to these and the vent passage may take other forms, for example, the outer end 51 of the vent passage may be coplanar with the outer surface of the housing 1 or more inwardly directed than the outer surface of the housing 1.
The part of the exhaust channel located inside the housing 1 can be realized by different designs. In one embodiment, the exhaust passage includes at least one main passage 52 and a plurality of branch passages 53, the main passage 52 is connected to the outside of the housing 1, and the branch passages 53 are in fluid communication with the main passage 52. In particular, said main channel 52 can be connected to the outside of the casing 1 by an outer end 51 projecting from the main channel 52, and in this case, successively through the branch channel 53, the main channel 52 and the outer end 51, a communication is achieved between the inside of the airbag and the outside of the casing 1 to discharge the gas inside the airbag to the outside, and finally, the pressure generated inside in said inner cavity is released.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 2, the exhaust passage includes two main passages 52 parallel to each other and a plurality of branch passages 53 disposed in parallel between the two main passages 52 and connected to the two main passages 52. In the embodiment of fig. 2, the exhaust passage includes two outer ends 51, two main passages 52, and a plurality of branch passages 53. Each of the outer ends 51 is connected to a first side (a side toward the outside of the battery) of the main channel 52 of the corresponding side at the center of the main channel 52, a plurality of branch channels 53 are parallel, and both ends of each branch channel 53 are respectively connected to a second side (the second side is opposite to the first side) of the main channel 52 of the corresponding side at the center of the main channel 52 one by one along the main channel 52, so that different regions in the inner space of the airbag are communicated with the main channel 52, and then the outer ends 51 are communicated to the outside. However, the present invention is not limited to the above, but the shape and characteristics of the exhaust mechanism 5 may be designed differently according to different operating conditions, for example, the exhaust mechanism 5 may include an arc-shaped channel or a serpentine-shaped channel, or one channel assembled by connecting different channels, and the main channel 52 and the branch channel 53 may be connected in other shapes.
More preferably, as shown in fig. 2, 3 and 5, each lithium ion pouch battery includes a battery body having a battery tab 21, a plurality of lithium ion pouch batteries are disposed adjacent to each other, the corresponding battery tabs 21 are electrically connected and a plurality of spacing spaces are formed between the battery tabs 21, and the branch passages 53 are respectively located in the corresponding spacing spaces. The corresponding battery tabs 21 of adjacent pouch cells are electrically connected in series or in parallel. Also, some of the battery tabs 21 are spaced apart from each other to form a spacing space. Preferably, in order to achieve a compact spatial layout for increasing the energy density, the branch channels 53 are therefore each located in a respective spacing space, as shown in fig. 5.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 5, when the secondary battery is used, the vent mechanism 5 is located at the top of the lithium ion pouch battery pack 2, and the battery tab 21 is generally located at the top side.
As described above, the inner cavity of the housing 1 can directly communicate with the outside through the exhaust mechanism 5. However, in a preferred embodiment, the inner cavity of the housing 1 communicates indirectly with the outside, for example, the venting means 5 comprises at least one-way valve located at the outer end 51 of the venting channel and allowing the air pressure inside the air bag to be released to the outside of the housing 1. The one-way valve prevents air flow from entering the inner cavity of the housing 1 to avoid influencing the influence of the outside on the inner cavity of the housing 1 and simultaneously avoid foreign objects from entering the inner cavity of the housing 1.
Also, preferably, when the check valve is closed, the air pressure inside the air bag is higher than the pressure outside the case 1, which means that the threshold air pressure at which the check valve opens unidirectionally is higher than the atmospheric pressure to establish communication of the internal cavity of the case 1 with the outside when the air pressure inside the air bag is higher than the pressure outside the case 1, and thereby the air discharge of the air bag by the compressive material even releases the internal pressure generated in the internal cavity to the outside of the case 1 to ensure the safe working environment of the secondary battery to some extent and avoid potential danger.
And the compressive material used to form the bladder may be disposed immediately adjacent to one or more of the lithium ion pouch cells.
The terms "comprises" and "comprising," as well as other variations, when used in this specification and claims, mean that a particular feature, step, or portion is included. The terms are not to be interpreted to exclude the presence of other features, steps or components.
The features disclosed in the foregoing description, or the following claims, or the accompanying drawings, expressed in their specific forms or in terms of a means for performing the disclosed function, or a method or process for attaining the disclosed result, as appropriate, may, separately, or in any combination of such features, be utilised for realising the invention in diverse forms thereof.

Claims (9)

1. A secondary battery includes;
a housing (1), the housing (1) having an interior cavity;
a lithium ion pouch battery (2), the lithium ion pouch battery (2) comprising an electrical connection terminal (4) exposed to the outside of the housing (1);
it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the secondary battery further includes a gas discharge mechanism (5) formed by a compressive material (5) and formed in the form of a balloon to discharge the pressure generated in the internal cavity to the outside of the case (1) by the discharge of the balloon of the compressive material, the compressive material being usable for accommodating or absorbing an expansion space of the lithium ion pouch battery pack (2), and
the lithium ion soft package battery pack (2) and the compressive material are both positioned in an inner cavity of the shell (1) and sealed in an encapsulating layer (3);
the venting mechanism (5) comprises at least one venting channel, the venting mechanism (5) comprising at least one-way valve located at an outer end (51) of the venting channel and allowing the air pressure inside the air bag to be released to the outside of the housing (1), the air pressure inside the air bag being higher than the pressure outside the housing (1) when the one-way valve is closed.
2. The secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the gas exhaust mechanism (5) includes at least one passage connecting an inner space of the airbag and an outside of the case (1).
3. The secondary battery according to claim 1, characterized in that the gas discharge passage is made of a compressive material, interposed between the lithium-ion pouch battery (2) and the encapsulating layer (3), and communicates to the outside of the case (1).
4. The secondary battery according to claim 3, wherein outer ends (51) of the gas exhaust channel protrude from different outer surfaces of the case (1), respectively.
5. The secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the exhaust passage includes at least one main passage (52) and a plurality of branch passages (53), the main passage (52) being connected to the outside of the case (1), the branch passages (53) being in fluid communication with the main passage (52).
6. The secondary battery according to claim 5, wherein the exhaust passage includes two main passages (52) parallel to each other and a plurality of branch passages (53) provided in parallel between the two main passages (52) and connected to the two main passages (52).
7. The secondary battery according to claim 5, wherein each lithium ion pouch battery comprises a battery body having a battery tab (21), a plurality of lithium ion pouch batteries being disposed adjacent to each other, the corresponding battery tabs (21) being electrically connected and having a plurality of spaced spaces formed between the battery tabs (21), the branch passages (53) being respectively located in the respective spaced spaces.
8. The secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the vent mechanism (5) is located at the top of the lithium ion pouch battery (2).
9. The secondary battery of claim 1, wherein the compressive material used to form the bladder is disposed immediately adjacent to one or more of the lithium ion pouch batteries.
CN201710266854.8A 2016-04-22 2017-04-21 Secondary battery Active CN107452917B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201662326161P 2016-04-22 2016-04-22
US62/326,161 2016-04-22

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CN107452917A CN107452917A (en) 2017-12-08
CN107452917B true CN107452917B (en) 2020-11-13

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KR20210140777A (en) * 2019-04-15 2021-11-23 로베르트 보쉬 게엠베하 Battery Pack With Pressure Management System Including Compensation Device
WO2020214386A1 (en) * 2019-04-15 2020-10-22 Robert Bosch Gmbh Battery pack with a pressure management system
EP3736875A1 (en) * 2019-05-10 2020-11-11 Andreas Stihl AG & Co. KG Battery pack, processing system and method for producing a battery pack
CN117578035A (en) * 2019-06-17 2024-02-20 东莞新能安科技有限公司 Battery pack and electrochemical device
WO2022051642A1 (en) * 2020-09-04 2022-03-10 Romeo Power, Inc. Systems and methods for battery tab cooling
US20220158146A1 (en) * 2020-11-18 2022-05-19 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Traction battery pack venting systems with enclosure assembly integrated vent exhaust channels
SE2251559A1 (en) * 2022-12-22 2024-06-23 Northvolt Systems Ab An enclosure

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CN104979583A (en) * 2014-04-09 2015-10-14 罗伯特·博世有限公司 Electrical energy stores, and method for operating electrical energy store
CN105493309A (en) * 2013-08-28 2016-04-13 株式会社Lg化学 Module housing for manufacturing unit module with heat-radiating structure and battery module comprising same

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CN101523637A (en) * 2006-10-13 2009-09-02 松下电器产业株式会社 Battery pack, battery-mounted device and connection structure for battery pack
CN101573826A (en) * 2006-10-13 2009-11-04 埃纳戴尔公司 Battery assembly with temperature control device
CN103283056A (en) * 2010-12-28 2013-09-04 丰田自动车株式会社 Battery
CN105493309A (en) * 2013-08-28 2016-04-13 株式会社Lg化学 Module housing for manufacturing unit module with heat-radiating structure and battery module comprising same
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US20170309878A1 (en) 2017-10-26
CN107452917A (en) 2017-12-08
US10644286B2 (en) 2020-05-05

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