CN107452249B - A kind of sound system of flight simulator - Google Patents
A kind of sound system of flight simulator Download PDFInfo
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- CN107452249B CN107452249B CN201710674573.6A CN201710674573A CN107452249B CN 107452249 B CN107452249 B CN 107452249B CN 201710674573 A CN201710674573 A CN 201710674573A CN 107452249 B CN107452249 B CN 107452249B
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G09B9/00—Simulators for teaching or training purposes
- G09B9/02—Simulators for teaching or training purposes for teaching control of vehicles or other craft
- G09B9/08—Simulators for teaching or training purposes for teaching control of vehicles or other craft for teaching control of aircraft, e.g. Link trainer
- G09B9/22—Simulators for teaching or training purposes for teaching control of vehicles or other craft for teaching control of aircraft, e.g. Link trainer including aircraft sound simulation
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Abstract
The invention belongs to flight simulation technology fields, disclose a kind of sound system for flight simulator, the system includes: the speaker for more being positioned only at cockpit, the multiple sound cards being connected with the more speakers, the sound card is connected with sound equipment control host, the sound equipment control host carries out real time fusion process to sound clip, drives sound card, is played out by speaker；The more speakers are using the shape of cockpit as positioning datum, front is parallel with cockpit outer housing and towards cockpit, it is arranged after the front direction of cockpit in multiple row, is upwards in multilayer arrangement from the bottom of cockpit and is symmetrically distributed in around major-minor driver's seat.The present invention is made driver reach auditory perception on the spot in person, is enhanced the feeling of immersion and the sense of reality of the flight simulator that drives an airplane, reached the requirement of D grades of aircraft flight simulation machines by Space integration.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to flight simulation technology fields, and in particular to a kind of sound system for Aircraft Simulator.
Background technique
In D grades of aircraft flight simulation machine designs, audio system is important one of subsystem, in the subjectivity of characterization test
Item, objective Xiang Zhongjun are distinctly claimed.When analog machine is run, the state of flight according to aircraft different time is needed, is played in real time
The audio files of corresponding different location source of sound, to build true cabin ambient.It is primarily present following difficult point:
(1) Space integration: source of sound corresponding aircraft sounding position is different, and one or more channels of corresponding position is needed
Construct sounding environment.
(2) real time fusion: the state of aircraft is different, may trigger different sound and play, existing source of sound is all aircraft
Acoustic environment in a period of time under given conditions, how by the audio files under multiple specified conditions go construction aircraft it is complete
Acoustic environment under status condition is a difficult point.
Therefore, effective integration can be carried out for the two aspects by being badly in need of one kind, to reach D grades of aircraft flight simulation machine designs
Audio system requirement.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of sound systems for flight simulator, solve existing sound simulation system space and melt
Difficulty is closed, the problem of embodying stereo 3-D effect is played.
The present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of sound system for flight simulator, comprising: the speaker of cockpit more is positioned only at, described in more
Speaker is using the shape of cockpit as positioning datum, and front is parallel with cockpit outer housing and towards cockpit, from driving
It is arranged after the front direction in cabin in multiple row, is upwards in multilayer arrangement from the bottom of cockpit and is symmetrically distributed in major-minor driver's seat week
It encloses.
Further, the multiple row includes at the column of the front of cockpit one, two column of centre, the column of rear one and rear center one
Column；The multilayer is included in one layer of cockpit bottom, intermediate one layer and one layer of top.
Further, the speaker is provided with 13, is arranged in around major-minor driver's seat in five layer of eight column, drives in major-minor
Respectively a speaker is respectively arranged in one speaker of setting, upper layer center in seat front, and respectively one speaker of setting, upper layer rear are each for upper layer inside
One speaker is set, and a speaker is respectively arranged in rear side, and a speaker, lower layer, center, rear setting one are respectively arranged in front of lower layer
Woofer.
It further, further include the multiple sound cards being connected with the more speakers, the sound card is connected with sound equipment control host,
After the sound equipment control host handles the sound clip in flight course, according to OpenAL play rules, sound is realized
Segment play parameter to OpenAL broadcast source parameter conversion, thus drive sound card pass through speaker play.
Further, the sound clip play parameter and OpenAL broadcast source parameter include gain coefficient, broadcast mode
And location parameter, the two correspond,
The gain coefficient is the broadcast sound volume of sound clip；Broadcast mode includes loop play and single play；Position
Parameter is expressed as corresponding to the position coordinates of each sound clip actual play, and the position coordinates use driver's cabin sound test point
For origin, X-axis along airplane pitch axis to the right, Y-axis vertically upward, coordinate of the Z axis under aircraft longitudinal axis coordinate system backward.
Further, the sound equipment control host selects speaker by location parameter, carries out sound clip broadcasting.
The beneficial technical effect of the present invention is as follows:
The present invention carries out three-dimensional system of coordinate accurate positioning centered on sound test point in cockpit, to 13 speakers, leads to
The algorithm setting OpenAL location parameter in sound equipment control program is crossed, all sound materials are distributed to three-dimensional space with having directive property
Between in, form a completely new surround sound around test point, so that driver reaches auditory perception on the spot in person, increase
The strong feeling of immersion and the sense of reality for the flight simulator that drives an airplane, has reached the requirement of D grades of aircraft flight simulation machines.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is overall construction drawing of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the top view of overall structure of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the right view of overall structure of the invention；
Fig. 4 is the definition coordinate system of location parameter in sound clip play parameter of the invention and OpenAL broadcast source parameter
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is flow chart of the method for the present invention；
Fig. 6 is OpenAL audio play parameter method for transformation flow chart of the invention；
Wherein, left voice box in front of 1-, right voice box in front of 2-, the upper layer 3- center left voice box, the upper layer 4- center right voice box, on 5-
The internal left voice box of layer, the upper layer 6- inside right voice box, the upper layer 7- rear left voice box, the upper layer 8- rear right voice box, the rear 9- side are left
Speaker, the rear 10- side right voice box, 11- lower layer front left voice box, 12- lower layer front right voice box, 13- lower layer rear subwoofer.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing and the preferred embodiment specific embodiment that the present invention will be described in detail.
Now with many sound systems, sound recording and broadcasting may be implemented, to reach the circular effect of fine 3 D stereo
Fruit, such as Doby.Due to the sShape features of flight simulator itself, while considering the complexity of cost and manufacturing process,
The needs of existing sound system unairworthiness analog machine itself.
Therefore, the invention discloses a kind of sound systems for flight simulator, including are positioned only in cockpit more
The speaker in portion, the more speakers are using the shape of cockpit as positioning datum, front simultaneously direction parallel with cockpit outer housing
Cockpit arranges after the front direction of cockpit in multiple row, from the bottom of cockpit is upwards in multilayer arrangement and symmetrical
It is distributed in around major-minor driver's seat.Multiple row includes at the column of the front of cockpit one, two column of centre, the column of rear one and rear center one
Column；Multilayer is included in one layer of cockpit bottom, intermediate one layer and one layer of top.
The present embodiment is by taking 13 are positioned only at the speaker of cockpit as an example, as shown in Figure 1, this 13 speakers are with cockpit
Shape be positioning datum, front is parallel with cockpit outer housing and towards cockpit, is symmetrically distributed in major-minor and drives
Around seat.In eight column arrangements after the front direction of cockpit, as shown in Figure 2；It is upwards in five layers of arrangement from the bottom of cockpit, such as
Shown in Fig. 3.Specific distribution is as follows: a speaker is respectively set in front of major-minor driver's seat, a speaker is respectively arranged in upper layer center, on
A speaker is respectively arranged in internal respectively one speaker of setting of layer, upper layer rear, and a speaker is respectively arranged in rear side, and lower layer front is each
One speaker is set, and a woofer is arranged in lower layer, center, rear.This 13 speakers and two seven points one sound channel sound cards and
One integrated sound card is connected, these three sound cards are connected with sound equipment control host, which controls host to the sound of flight course
Segment carries out real time fusion process, drives sound card, is played out by speaker.
The distribution of sound box is based on the binaural effect of people theory, using human auditory system to voice signal property
Identification carries out speaker space orientation in the keypoint part close to cockpit shell.It drives, slide, take off, climb, patrol from aircraft
Boat, decline, into it is close, land, until start authority vehicle, pilot in cockpit can vivid sense by the normal ring in flight course
Border noise, airflow noise, engine sound, undercarriage control sound, wing flap folding and unfolding and flap folding and unfolding sound, raindrop hit windscreen glass
The mobile sound of glass sound, rain brush, various alarm sounds, wheel and the grating on ground and the rattle of aircraft etc., make to fly
Office staff places oneself in the midst of in real 3 D stereo surround sound.
This 13 speakers are distributed in different spatial positions and (are shown in Table 1, wherein H is installation position angle, and V is installation pitching
Angle；As shown in figure 4, azimuth is positive to the right, pitch angle is positive reference frame upwards), it is different according to practical sounding position
Sound can occur, changes, translates, disappear in the speaker of corresponding position, at a time can according to location parameter determine by
The independent sounding of a certain speaker or more discrete loudspeaker box combination sounding ensure that the continuity of sound fusion, also enhance sound
Identification, so that driver is reached auditory perception on the spot in person, enhance the feeling of immersion of the flight simulator that drives an airplane and true
True feeling.
1 speaker space layout table of table
The corresponding relationship of sound channel and speaker that first seven points one sound channel sound card is used are as follows: front left-FLS, front right-FRS,
A rear side left side-BLS, the rear side right side-BRS, upper rear left-HBLS, the upper rear right side-HBRS；What second seven points one sound channel sound card was used
The corresponding relationship of sound channel and speaker are as follows: lower front left-DFLS, lower front right-DFRS, a upper interior left side-HILS, the upper interior right side-HIRS, on
A middle left side-HCLS, the upper middle right side-HCRS integrate sound card connection subwoofer (DBCD), and according to system requirements, subwoofer needs independence
Control.
The combination is different from traditional five points one or seven points one channel surround sound technologies, and the space orientation of speaker is
Using cockpit shape as positioning datum, 13 speakers are subjected to weight using two seven points one sound channel sound cards and an integrated sound card
New distribution.Speaker is to carry out three-dimensional system of coordinate accurate positioning centered on sound test point in cockpit, leads to as sound generation source
All sound materials are distributed in three-dimensional space by the algorithm crossed in sound equipment control program with having directive property, form one in test point
A completely new surround sound.
The invention also discloses a kind of sound systems based on described above for flight simulator to carry out multiple channel acousto
Sound real time integrating method, includes the following steps, as shown in Figure 5:
Step 1: influencing to join according to feature according to the flight parameter that the master controller real-time resolving of flight simulator comes out
Number extracting method analyzes the feature affecting parameters for determining mission phase and corresponding each mission phase；
Mission phase is divided into ground roll-out according to flight course, takes off, climbs, cruises, declines, into close, lander
The acoustic environment major influence factors of Main Stage, each stage are different.In conjunction with the flight parameter variation in entire flight course
The audio files provided with planemaker, extracts the feature affecting parameters in each stage.
1. ground roll-out --- motor power
Engine start has apparent sound characteristic with when cut-offfing.When thrust consecutive variations, front and back thrust variation compared with
When big, sound has significant difference in size and frequency；When thrust variation is smaller, sound is distinguished smaller in size and frequency.
2. taking off --- undercarriage control state, flap angle
Under takeoff condition, liftoff moment sound has significant change, and engine sound influence is gradually reduced, undercarriage and wing flap
Major influence factors are become to the impulsive sound of air-flow.When undercarriage is in down state, air speed is bigger, and sound is bigger；When rising and falling
When frame is packed up, sound is obviously reduced.When flap angle from large to small when, sound is obviously reduced.
3. climbing --- height
During stable climb, motor power and aircraft airspeed variation are smaller, increase with height, atmospheric density drop
Low, the sound of aircraft impact air-flow reduces, and the variation of adjacent height layer is smaller, and height layer difference changes greatly when larger.
4. cruise --- height, spoiler
During stablizing cruise, under the conditions of identical height, motor power and aircraft airspeed variation are smaller.It is risen with height
Height, atmospheric density reduce, and the sound of aircraft impact air-flow reduces, and adjacent height layer changes smaller, the larger time-varying of height layer difference
Change larger.When spoiler is opened, sound is significantly increased.
5. decline --- height, spoiler
During stablizing decline, motor power and aircraft airspeed variation are smaller, reduce with height, atmospheric density liter
The sound of height, aircraft impact air-flow increases, and the variation of adjacent height layer is smaller, and height layer difference changes greatly when larger.Work as flow-disturbing
When plate is opened, sound is significantly increased.
6. into close --- undercarriage, wing flap, flow-disturbing board status
Into near procedure, motor power, aircraft airspeed are smaller, and undercarriage, wing flap, spoiler put down or open successively,
Aircraft configuration changes, undercarriage, wing flap, spoiler impact air-flow sound become major influence factors.
7. land --- rate of descent, it is counter push away, spoiler
There is apparent strike note in landing mission, when aircraft contacts to earth, and changes obviously with rate of descent, when rate of descent is larger,
Strike note is larger.After landing, opening is pushed away as engine is counter, engine sound influences obvious；After spoiler is opened, acoustic impacts
It is larger, and reduce with air speed and reduce.
Step 2: according to the changing rule of the mission phase of entire flight course and feature affecting parameters, to aircraft manufacturing
The audio files that quotient provides is edited, is cut, and the multiple stable states for corresponding to respective mission phase and transient state sound clip are obtained；
Stable state and transient state sound clip are to be provided according to mission phase and main feature affecting parameters planemaker
Audio files carries out (as shown in table 2) of editor's extraction, and the sound clip front and back variation that wherein stable state indicates interception less, is in
Steady state, can be according to state of flight loop play；Transient state indicates that the sound clip front and back of interception changes greatly, and represents a certain
Sound variation caused by transient volume only needs to play when meeting playing condition primary.Wherein, N1 indicates motor power size (0
~100%)；V indicates aircraft airspeed, unit section (kts)；H indicates aircraft altitude height, unit foot (ft)；Flap indicates the flap
Wing angle；SinkRate indicates rate of descent, unit feet per second (ft/s).
The sound clip for each mission phase that table 2 is extracted according to feature affecting parameters
Step 3: multiple stable states and transient state sound clip carry out sound according to practical flight parameter, to respective mission phase
Sound fusion, obtains fused sound clip, and obtains the sound clip play parameter of corresponding each sound clip, the sound in real time
Tablet section play parameter includes whether broadcasting, gain coefficient, coefficient of frequency, broadcast mode and location parameter；
Specific sound fusion method the following steps are included:
Step I, known multiple stable states or transient state sound clip according to respective mission phase, using following equation,
Calculate stable state or transient state sound clip under practical flight Parameter Conditions；
Wherein, SN1Indicate stable state or transient state sound clip under practical flight Parameter Conditions, SN1kAnd SN1k+1It indicates
Two stable states or transient state sound clip under the adjacent flight Parameter Conditions known, N1k,N1,N1k+1Indicate flight parameter, a1And a2
Indicate gain coefficient；
And/or two sound clips that step II, basis successively play, using following equation, calculating includes transition rank
The entire sound clip of section；
Wherein, S indicates the entire sound clip including transition stage, S1Indicate the sound clip first played, S2It is broadcast after expression
The sound clip put, tstartIndicate that the sound clip first played starts the time exited, tendThe sound clip played after expression is complete
At the time of entrance, ttransIndicate transit time, a3And a4Indicate gain coefficient.
Whether playing in sound clip play parameter belongs to which mission phase in turn by current flight parameter judgement
Determine which sound clip plays；Broadcast mode includes loop play and single play, and above-mentioned stable state sound clip is for following
Ring plays, and above-mentioned transient state sound clip is used for single play；Location parameter is expressed as corresponding to each sound clip actual play
Position coordinates, which uses driver's cabin sound test point for origin, X-axis along airplane pitch axis to the right, Y-axis vertically to
On, coordinate of the Z axis under aircraft longitudinal axis coordinate system backward, the sound equipment controls host and selects speaker, progress by location parameter
Sound clip plays.
Step 4:, according to OpenAL audio play parameter method for transformation, realizing sound clip according to OpenAL play rules
Play parameter to OpenAL broadcast source parameter conversion, thus drive sound card pass through speaker play.
Firstly, OpenAL could support up while playing 32 audio broadcast sources, it is just difficult when sound clip quantity is greater than 32
To correspond with audio broadcast source, the audio files in real time to need to play is needed to distribute audio broadcast source.Secondly, needing handle
Sound clip play parameter is converted into OpenAL audio broadcast source parameter.
Specific OpenAL audio play parameter method for transformation, as shown in fig. 6, wherein N is the audio files sum of load.
The present invention includes two aspect of Space integration and real time fusion, is with sound test point in cockpit in terms of Co-factor propagation
Center carries out three-dimensional system of coordinate accurate positioning to 13 speakers, controls the algorithm in program by sound equipment and is arranged OpenAL
Parameter is set, all sound materials are distributed in three-dimensional space with having directive property, forms a completely new ring around test point
Around stereo.
By four pole parameter conversion method in terms of real time fusion, ginseng is influenced according to the feature during aircraft practical flight
Several changing rules with audio carry out sound according to flight parameter and playing sequence respectively and merge to obtain the broadcasting ginseng of sound material
Number, and it is converted into final OpenAL broadcast source parameter, realize the real-time broadcasting that audio changes with state of flight.
By the fusion in terms of the two, driver is made to reach auditory perception on the spot in person, enhance drive an airplane it is winged
The feeling of immersion and the sense of reality of row analog machine, have reached the requirement of D grades of aircraft flight simulation machines.
Although specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it will be appreciated by those of skill in the art that these
It is merely illustrative of, without departing from the principle and essence of the present invention, a variety of changes can be made to these embodiments
It more or modifies, therefore, protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of sound system for flight simulator, characterized by comprising: it is positioned only at the speaker of cockpit more,
For the more speakers using the shape of cockpit as positioning datum, front is parallel with cockpit outer housing and towards in cockpit
Portion arranges after the front direction of cockpit in multiple row, is upwards in multilayer arrangement from the bottom of cockpit and is symmetrically distributed in master
Around passenger seat,
It further include the multiple sound cards being connected with the more speakers, the sound card is connected with sound equipment control host, the sound equipment control
After host processed handles the sound clip in flight course, according to OpenAL play rules, realize that sound clip plays ginseng
Count to the conversion of OpenAL broadcast source parameter, thus drive sound card by speaker play, the sound clip play parameter and
OpenAL broadcast source parameter includes gain coefficient, broadcast mode and location parameter, and the two corresponds,
The gain coefficient is the broadcast sound volume of sound clip；Broadcast mode includes loop play and single play；Location parameter
It is expressed as corresponding to the position coordinates of each sound clip actual play, the position coordinates use driver's cabin sound test point for original
Point, X-axis along airplane pitch axis to the right, Y-axis vertically upward, coordinate of the Z axis under aircraft longitudinal axis coordinate system backward；
The sound clip includes multiple stable states and transient state sound clip, according to the mission phase of entire flight course and feature shadow
The changing rule for ringing parameter, the audio files provided planemaker are edited, are cut, obtain corresponding to respective mission phase
Multiple stable states and transient state sound clip.
2. being used for the sound system of flight simulator as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the multiple row is included in driving
The column of front one, two column of centre, the column of rear one and the rear center one in cabin arrange；The multilayer be included in one layer of cockpit bottom, in
Between one layer and one layer of top.
3. being used for the sound system of flight simulator as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that: the speaker is provided with 13
Only, it is arranged in around major-minor driver's seat in five layer of eight column, a speaker is respectively set in front of major-minor driver's seat, and upper layer center is respectively set
A speaker is set, a speaker is respectively set inside upper layer, a speaker is respectively arranged in upper layer rear, and a sound is respectively arranged in rear side
Case, respectively a woofer is arranged in one speaker of setting, lower layer, center, rear in lower layer front.
4. being used for the sound system of flight simulator as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the sound equipment control host is logical
Location parameter selection speaker is crossed, sound clip broadcasting is carried out.
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| CN111091740A (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2020-05-01 | 中仿智能科技（上海）股份有限公司 | Sound operating system of flight simulator |
| CN112380621B (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2022-07-01 | 北京航空航天大学 | Flight simulator sound simulation method based on ASIO |
| CN114999269A (en) * | 2022-06-10 | 2022-09-02 | 南京乐飞航空技术有限公司 | D-level flight training simulator sound system based on digital network audio |
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| CN205302715U (en) * | 2015-09-15 | 2016-06-08 | 西安杰西电子科技发展有限责任公司 | Flight simulator sound data acquisition system |
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| CN103065514A (en) * | 2012-12-25 | 2013-04-24 | 北京摩诘创新科技股份有限公司 | Flight simulator sound controlling system |
| CN204129343U (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2015-01-28 | 赵大同 | A kind of two 3D cinema system |
| CN104361784A (en) * | 2014-11-03 | 2015-02-18 | 中国人民解放军空军航空大学军事仿真技术研究所 | Real-time control device of flight simulator sound parametric array |
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