CN107451382A - The control method of high-speed cutting processing workpiece surface appearance - Google Patents
The control method of high-speed cutting processing workpiece surface appearance Download PDFInfo
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- CN107451382A CN107451382A CN201710851741.4A CN201710851741A CN107451382A CN 107451382 A CN107451382 A CN 107451382A CN 201710851741 A CN201710851741 A CN 201710851741A CN 107451382 A CN107451382 A CN 107451382A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of control method of high-speed cutting processing workpiece surface appearance, it can be widely applied in the mechanical processing technique such as car, milling, plane, drawing, slotting, it cannot be only used for processing plane, the surface topography control of processing curve is can be used for, realizes the control of the roughness to workpieces processing predetermined surface.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to mechanical processing technique technical field, is related to a kind of control of high-speed cutting processing workpiece surface appearance
Method.
Background
With continuous development science and technology in high-speed machining process workpiece surface appearance propose higher requirement, i.e.,
The predetermined roughness control method in acquisition workpieces processing surface is far from being enough, it is necessary to realize to workpiece surface difference pre-determined bit
Pattern (crest, the trough and its spacing etc.) control put.It is also not thick to machining workpieces surface in traditional machining
Rugosity is predicted, and the method optimized accordingly to cutting parameter, it is impossible to is realized to High-speed machining workpiece surface appearance
Control.
The Forecasting Methodology of as-machined workpiece surface roughness is only existed at present, the methods of using regression analysis, neutral net, no
The machining control of the predetermined pattern of workpiece predetermined surface can be realized, it is difficult to meet to require.The present invention only needs to carry out predetermined cutting
Several groups of machinings experiment of parameter, you can the control of surface topography is realized, has that cost is low, efficiency high, the advantages of precision is high.
The content of the invention
The defects of to overcome prior art, this patent discloses a kind of controlling party of high-speed cutting processing workpiece surface appearance
Method, it can be widely applied in the mechanical processing technique such as car, milling, plane, drawing, slotting, cannot be only used for processing plane, can be used for adding
The surface topography control of work curved surface, realizes the control of the roughness predetermined to workpieces processing surface.
To achieve the above object, technical scheme is as follows:
The present invention is mainly made up of three-dimensional surface profile instrument, and data handling system, and core is data handling system, specifically
Step is as follows:.
A kind of control method of high-speed cutting processing workpiece surface appearance, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Step 1: determine cutter geometric parameter, the geometric parameter include anterior angle γ, relief angle, the cutting edge inclination of installation and
The parameter of making material, the parameter of making material include hardness, density;
Step 2: obtain tangential, radially, axially Cutting Force Coefficient under 1 group or multigroup different cutting parameters:Ktc,Krc,Kac,
Kte,Kre,Kae, wherein, KtcRepresent tangential force coefficient;KrcRepresent radial direction force coefficient;KacRepresent axial force coefficient;KteTangential cutting edge
Force coefficient, KreRadial direction cutting edge force coefficient;KaeAxial cutting edge force coefficient is represented, t represents tangential, and r is represented radially, and a is represented axially, c
Force coefficient is represented, e represents cutting edge force coefficient, then had:
β=arcsin (sin η sini+cos η cosicos α)
γ is tool orthogonal rake, and η represents chip flow direction and the angle of tool in cutting sword vertical direction, and i represents cutting edge
With the angle in vertical workpiece movement direction,For cutter shear surface normal shear angle, θ is the position angle of cutter in working angles
Degree, β are effective rake, and α is tool clearance, and h is thickness of cutting, and d represents to differentiate;Z represents workpiece coordinate system x-y-z z side
To dz is axial cutting-in infinitesimal, and d represents to differentiate, and h represents thickness of cutting;Fx represents x directions cutting force;Fy represents y to cutting
Power, Fz represent z to cutting force;
Step 3: carry out high-speed milling experiment under the Cutting Force Coefficient of setting, the surface profile of workpiece after being processed,
Workpiece surface profile is formed by cutter in cutting processing system and workpiece relative displacement, is not vibrated even, and workpiece is reason
The surface thought, then surface profile be equal to the relative displacement X of cutter and workpiece1(T);
X, Y, Z represent under workpiece coordinate system x-y-z that the point of a knife and workpiece of cutter are in x, y, the relative displacement in z directions.
Step 4: according to high-speed cutting processing, instantaneously rigid power model establishes cutting Force Model:
Ft=∫ Ktc·h·dz+Kte·ds
Fr=∫ Krc·h·dz+Kre·ds
Fa=∫ Kac·h·dz+Kae·ds
dFt=Ktc·h·dz+Kte·ds
dFr=Krc·h·dz+Kre·ds
dFa=Kac·h·dz+Kae·ds
Wherein, FtRepresent cutting force, FrRepresent radial cutting force, FaAxial cutting force is represented, h is thickness of cutting;z
Represent workpiece coordinate system x-y-z z directions;dFtFor tangential force infinitesimal, dFrFor radial load infinitesimal, dFaTo be to power infinitesimal, ds
Cutting edge length infinitesimal, dz are axial cutting-in infinitesimal, and d represents to differentiate, and h represents thickness of cutting;
Step 5: according to mechanical vibration theory, establish and go machining workpieces and cutter dynamics of relative motion mould at a high speed
Type, then have:
Wherein, M1For cutting system equivalent mass, C1(T) it is cutting processing system Equivalent damping coefficient, K1(T) it is cutting
System of processing equivalent stiffness, f1(T) cutting force, x1(T) vibration displacement function is represented, T represents the time;
Step 6: by Tool in Cutting face t-r-a coordinates cutting force by Coordinate Conversion into x-y-z coordinate cutting force:
Wherein, θ1, β1, respectively from Tool in Cutting face t-r-a coordinates to coordinate system x-y-z change when, cutting areal coordinate around
The anglec of rotation of a axles and the anglec of rotation around t axles;A3-rRepresent the rotation θ of the rich a axles of Tool in Cutting face t-r-a coordinates1Angle
Transition matrix, r represent the radial direction of machining;Ar-aRepresent rotation θ of the Tool in Cutting face t-r-a coordinates around a axles1Angle rotates
Rotation β of the coordinate system afterwards around t axles1The coordinate conversion matrix of angle;Fx represents x directions cutting force;Fy represents y to cutting force,
Fz represents z to cutting force;
Step 7: obtain enough three groups or more than three groups of surface profile pattern x1(t), you can obtain M1, C1(t), K1
(t) value, the mapping principle of machining and workpiece surface appearance is established;
Step 8: pass through the kinetic model in step 5, you can obtain and appoint under same high-speed cutting processing lathe
Cutter material geometric parameter required for meaning workpiece surface profile pattern x (t), cutting parameter;, realize high-speed cutting processing surface
The control of pattern.
It is further to improve, in above-mentioned steps three, the surface profile of workpiece after being processed by three-dimensional surface profile instrument.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of control method of high-speed cutting processing workpiece surface appearance, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Step 1: determine cutter geometric parameter, the geometric parameter include anterior angle γ, relief angle, the cutting edge inclination of installation and
The parameter of making material, the parameter of making material include hardness, density;
Step 2: obtain tangential, radially, axially Cutting Force Coefficient under 1 group or multigroup different cutting parameters:Ktc,Krc,Kac,
Kte,Kre,Kae, wherein, KtcRepresent tangential force coefficient;KrcRepresent radial direction force coefficient;KacRepresent axial force coefficient;KteTangential cutting edge
Force coefficient, KreRadial direction cutting edge force coefficient;KaeAxial cutting edge force coefficient is represented, t represents tangential, and r is represented radially, and a is represented axially, c
Force coefficient is represented, e represents cutting edge force coefficient, then had:
β=arcsin (sin η sini+cos η coslcos α)
γ is tool orthogonal rake, and η represents chip flow direction and the angle of tool in cutting sword vertical direction, and i represents cutting edge
With the angle in vertical workpiece movement direction,For cutter shear surface normal shear angle, θ is the position angle of cutter in working angles
Degree, β are effective rake, and α is tool clearance, and h is thickness of cutting, and d represents to differentiate;Z represents workpiece coordinate system x-y-z z side
To dz is axial cutting-in infinitesimal, and d represents to differentiate, and h represents thickness of cutting;Fx represents x directions cutting force;Fy represents y to cutting
Power, Fz represent z to cutting force;
Step 3: carrying out high-speed milling experiment under the Cutting Force Coefficient of setting, added by three-dimensional surface profile instrument
The surface profile of workpiece after work, workpiece surface profile are formed by cutter in cutting processing system and workpiece relative displacement, i.e.,
If not vibrating, workpiece is preferable surface, then surface profile is equal to the relative displacement X of cutter and workpiece1(T);
X, Y, Z represent under workpiece coordinate system x-y-z that the point of a knife and workpiece of cutter are in x, y, the relative displacement in z directions.
Step 4: according to high-speed cutting processing, instantaneously rigid power model establishes cutting Force Model:
Ft=∫ Ktc·h·dz+Kte·ds
Fr=∫ Krc·h·dz+Kre·ds
Fa=∫ Kac·h·dz+Kae·ds
dFt=Ktc·h·dz+Kte·ds
dFr=Krc·h·dz+Kre·ds
dFa=Kac·h·dz+Kae·ds
Wherein, FtRepresent cutting force, FrRepresent radial cutting force, FaAxial cutting force is represented, h is thickness of cutting;z
Represent workpiece coordinate system x-y-z z directions;dFtFor tangential force infinitesimal, dFrFor radial load infinitesimal, dFaTo be to power infinitesimal, ds
Cutting edge length infinitesimal, dz are axial cutting-in infinitesimal, and d represents to differentiate, and h represents thickness of cutting;
Step 5: according to mechanical vibration theory, establish and go machining workpieces and cutter dynamics of relative motion mould at a high speed
Type, then have:
Wherein, M1For cutting system equivalent mass, C1(T) it is cutting processing system Equivalent damping coefficient, K1(T) it is cutting
System of processing equivalent stiffness, f1(T) cutting force, x1(T) vibration displacement function is represented, T represents the time;
Step 6: by Tool in Cutting face t-r-a coordinates cutting force by Coordinate Conversion into x-y-z coordinate cutting force:
Wherein, θ1, β1, respectively from Tool in Cutting face t-r-a coordinates to coordinate system x-y-z change when, cutting areal coordinate around
The anglec of rotation of a axles and the anglec of rotation around t axles;A3-rRepresent the rotation θ of the rich a axles of Tool in Cutting face t-r-a coordinates1Angle
Transition matrix, r represent the radial direction of machining;Ar-aRepresent rotation θ of the Tool in Cutting face t-r-a coordinates around a axles1Angle rotates
Rotation β of the coordinate system afterwards around t axles1The coordinate conversion matrix of angle;Fx represents x directions cutting force;Fy represents y to cutting force,
Fz represents z to cutting force;
Step 7: obtain enough three groups or more than three groups of surface profile pattern x1(t), you can obtain M1, C1(t), K1
(t) value, the mapping principle of machining and workpiece surface appearance is established;
Step 8: pass through the kinetic model in step 5, you can obtain and appoint under same high-speed cutting processing lathe
Cutter material geometric parameter required for meaning workpiece surface profile pattern x (t), cutting parameter;, realize high-speed cutting processing surface
The control of pattern.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of control method of high-speed cutting processing workpiece surface appearance, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Step 1: determining the geometric parameter of cutter, the geometric parameter includes anterior angle γ, relief angle, the cutting edge inclination of installation and making
The parameter of material, the parameter of making material include hardness, density;
Step 2: obtain tangential, radially, axially Cutting Force Coefficient under 1 group or multigroup different cutting parameters:Ktc,Krc,Kac,Kte,
Kre,Kae, wherein, KtcRepresent tangential force coefficient;KrcRepresent radial direction force coefficient;KacRepresent axial force coefficient;KteTangential cutting edge power
Coefficient, KreRadial direction cutting edge force coefficient;KaeAxial cutting edge force coefficient is represented, t represents tangential, and r is represented radially, and a is represented axially, c tables
Show force coefficient, e represents cutting edge force coefficient, then had:
β=arcsin (sin η sini+cos η cosicos α)
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γ is tool orthogonal rake, and η represents chip flow direction and the angle of tool in cutting sword vertical direction, and i represents cutting edge with hanging down
The angle in straight workpiece motion s direction,For cutter shear surface normal shear angle, θ is the position angle of cutter in working angles, and β is
Effective rake, α are tool clearance, and h is thickness of cutting, and d represents to differentiate;Z represents workpiece coordinate system x-y-z z directions, and dz is
Axial cutting-in infinitesimal, d represent to differentiate, and h represents thickness of cutting;Fx represents x directions cutting force;Fy represents y to cutting force, Fz tables
Show z to cutting force;
Step 3: carry out high-speed milling experiment, the surface profile of workpiece, workpiece after being processed under the Cutting Force Coefficient of setting
Surface profile is formed by cutter in cutting processing system and workpiece relative displacement, is not vibrated even, and workpiece is preferable
Surface, then surface profile be equal to the relative displacement X of cutter and workpiece1(T);
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X, Y, Z represent under workpiece coordinate system x-y-z that the point of a knife and workpiece of cutter are in x, y, the relative displacement in z directions.
Step 4: according to high-speed cutting processing, instantaneously rigid power model establishes cutting Force Model:
Ft=∫ Ktc·h·dz+Kte·ds
Fr=∫ Krc·h·dz+Kre·ds
Fa=∫ Kac·h·dz+Kae·ds
dFt=Ktc·h·dz+Kte·ds
dFr=Krc·h·dz+Kre·ds
dFa=Kac·h·dz+Kae·ds
Wherein, FtRepresent cutting force, FrRepresent radial cutting force, FaAxial cutting force is represented, h is thickness of cutting;Z is represented
Workpiece coordinate system x-y-z z directions;dFtFor tangential force infinitesimal, dFrFor radial load infinitesimal, dFaFor to power infinitesimal, ds is cutting
Sword length infinitesimal, dz are axial cutting-in infinitesimal, and d represents to differentiate, and h represents thickness of cutting;
Step 5: according to mechanical vibration theory, establish and go machining workpieces and cutter dynamics of relative motion model at a high speed, then
Have:
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Wherein, M1For cutting system equivalent mass, C1(T) it is cutting processing system Equivalent damping coefficient, K1(T) it is machining
System equivalent stiffness, f1(T) cutting force, x1(T) vibration displacement function is represented, T represents the time;
Step 6: by Tool in Cutting face t-r-a coordinates cutting force by Coordinate Conversion into x-y-z coordinate cutting force:
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<mi>r</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>a</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>&CenterDot;</mo>
<msub>
<mi>A</mi>
<mrow>
<mn>3</mn>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>r</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>&CenterDot;</mo>
<mfenced open = "(" close = ")">
<mtable>
<mtr>
<mtd>
<msub>
<mi>F</mi>
<mi>t</mi>
</msub>
</mtd>
</mtr>
<mtr>
<mtd>
<msub>
<mi>F</mi>
<mi>r</mi>
</msub>
</mtd>
</mtr>
<mtr>
<mtd>
<msub>
<mi>F</mi>
<mi>a</mi>
</msub>
</mtd>
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Wherein, θ1, β1, respectively from Tool in Cutting face t-r-a coordinates to coordinate system x-y-z change when, cutting areal coordinate around a axles
The anglec of rotation and the anglec of rotation around t axles;A3-rRepresent the rotation θ of the rich a axles of Tool in Cutting face t-r-a coordinates1The conversion of angle
Matrix, r represent the radial direction of machining;Ar-aRepresent rotation θ of the Tool in Cutting face t-r-a coordinates around a axles1Angle is postrotational
Rotation β of the coordinate system around t axles1The coordinate conversion matrix of angle;Fx represents x directions cutting force;Fy represents y to cutting force, Fz tables
Show z to cutting force;
Step 7: obtain enough three groups or more than three groups of surface profile pattern x1(t), you can obtain M1, C1(t), K1(t)
Value, establish the mapping principle of machining and workpiece surface appearance;
Step 8: pass through the kinetic model in step 5, you can obtain any work under same high-speed cutting processing lathe
Cutter material geometric parameter required for part surface profile pattern x (t), cutting parameter;, realize high-speed cutting processing surface topography
Control.
2. the control method of high-speed cutting processing workpiece surface appearance as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the step
In three, the surface profile of workpiece after being processed by three-dimensional surface profile instrument.
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CN109324567A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2019-02-12 | 湖南工学院 | A kind of processing of ultrasonic vibrating machining workpiece surface appearance and control method |
CN109332820A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2019-02-15 | 中南大学 | A kind of processing of ultrasonic vibrating machining gear teeth face pattern and control method |
CN111241707A (en) * | 2020-02-14 | 2020-06-05 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | Method for calculating five-axis numerical control machining full-path milling force of complex curved surface |
CN112571150A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-03-30 | 中南大学 | Nonlinear method for monitoring thin plate machining state of thin plate gear |
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CN109290638A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2019-02-01 | 湖南工学院 | A kind of control of high-speed dry Milling Process workpiece surface appearance and processing method |
CN109324567A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2019-02-12 | 湖南工学院 | A kind of processing of ultrasonic vibrating machining workpiece surface appearance and control method |
CN109332820A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2019-02-15 | 中南大学 | A kind of processing of ultrasonic vibrating machining gear teeth face pattern and control method |
CN109290638B (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2019-09-13 | 湖南工学院 | A kind of high-speed dry Milling Process workpiece surface appearance control processing method |
CN109324567B (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2020-05-22 | 湖南工学院 | Control method for processing surface appearance of ultrasonic vibration processing workpiece |
CN109332820B (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2020-06-02 | 中南大学 | Method for processing and controlling tooth surface appearance of gear processed by ultrasonic vibration |
CN111241707A (en) * | 2020-02-14 | 2020-06-05 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | Method for calculating five-axis numerical control machining full-path milling force of complex curved surface |
CN111241707B (en) * | 2020-02-14 | 2023-07-07 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | Calculation method for five-axis numerical control machining full-path milling force of complex curved surface |
CN112571150A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-03-30 | 中南大学 | Nonlinear method for monitoring thin plate machining state of thin plate gear |
CN112571150B (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2022-02-01 | 中南大学 | Nonlinear method for monitoring thin plate machining state of thin plate gear |
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