CN107450034A - Direct current monitor is scurried into one kind exchange - Google Patents
Direct current monitor is scurried into one kind exchange Download PDFInfo
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- CN107450034A CN107450034A CN201710731621.0A CN201710731621A CN107450034A CN 107450034 A CN107450034 A CN 107450034A CN 201710731621 A CN201710731621 A CN 201710731621A CN 107450034 A CN107450034 A CN 107450034A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/40—Testing power supplies
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Abstract
The invention discloses one kind exchange to scurry into direct current monitor, and the monitor includes：Data acquisition unit, for gathering the AC signal on dc bus, direct current signal and ripple signal；Phototube coupling unit, for high pressure and low pressure to be separated；CPU, for the signal of collection to be carried out into calculation process, analysis calculates exchange and scurries into DC voltage numerical value, and the exchange calculated is scurried into DC voltage numerical value compared with setting exchange and scurrying into alarming threshold value, and is based on comparative result, judges whether to alarm；Alarm output unit, for the judged result based on CPU, realize the warning function that exchange is scurried into, solve existing exchange and scurry into DC System Monitoring in the presence of monitoring inaccuracy, realize the technique effect scurried into direct current monitor by the exchange in the application and direct current can be accurately scurried into exchange and is monitored.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to direct current power monitoring of equipment apparatus field, in particular it relates to which direct current monitor is scurried into a kind of exchange.
Background technology
DC power system play the role of in current conversion station, transformer station it is important, it can provide reliably, continual be
Visual plant in standing provides installation's power source and control power supply, for example, protective relaying device, communication equipment, automatic monitored control system,
Breaker, disconnecting link control power supply DC lighting etc..Straight-flow system is to ensure the key of power system security stable operation.
Exchange harm maximum is scurried into exchange in straight-flow system, causes straight-flow system metallic earthing, insulation monitoring and warning device work
Make abnormal；Cause plant stand system monitoring device to send out warning information a large amount of by mistake, and frequently refresh；Protective relaying device is caused to be protected
Outlet auxiliary reclay malfunction, especially transformer non-electricity false protection trigger DC fuse fusing to cause whole station protection to refuse
Dynamic accident, serious causes unit outage, line tripping, or even can cause full factory or whole station power outage, and society is caused
Large area blackout.Triggering exchange to scurry into DC Line Fault, to obtain reason numerous.The damage of insulated cable, the electricity of ac power supply circuit
The current supply circuit cable of cable and dc source is put together so that the inner core of ac cable and direct current cables occur directly or
Electrical contact is connect, so as to cause AC power to scurry into DC power system.Alternating current, is mistakenly connected to by artificial operational error
In straight-flow system current supply circuit, DC power system accident is scurried into so as to cause to occur AC power.Device interior failure, by
In the isolated fault of device interior power unit or other failures, as outdoor terminal box due to raining makes moist or intake, cause
AC power is harassed in straight-flow system.
In March, 2012, State Grid Corporation of China revised《18 great anti-accident measures of State Grid Corporation of China》In 5.1.18
Clearly propose that DC power system will increase in item " preventing transformer station's AC power from scurrying into dc source accident " to alter with exchange
Enter alarm and the measuring and recording device of dc source, and inspect periodically its reliability and validity.
Fig. 1 is that straight-flow system schematic diagram is scurried into exchange, is divided into according to a difference is scurried into：Exchange is scurried into caused when A, B point
The process transition for directly scurrying into and exchanging caused positive and negative bus bar resistance ground connection when scurrying into C points of positive and negative bus DC earthing
Resistance is scurried into.Existing equipment can directly detect the DC earthing for exchanging positive and negative bus when scurrying into A, B point, but when exchange is altered
Positive and negative bus bar resistance ground connection when entering C points, due to load equivalent resistance R1, R2 and scurry into the difference of alternating-current magnitude, existing monitoring
Equipment may not alarm, so as to trigger exchange to scurry into DC Line Fault harm.The incoming exchange monitoring device of simultaneously traditional direct current
Fault alarm be present not in time, the inaccurate situation of fault alarm, while alternating voltage, DC voltage waveform record can not be checked
And ripple factor can not provide enough foundations for breakdown judge.
In summary, present inventor has found above-mentioned technology extremely during the present application technical scheme is realized
Following technical problem less be present：
In the prior art, existing exchange scurries into DC System Monitoring monitoring to be present inaccurate, alarm not in time, it is inaccurate
True technical problem.
The content of the invention
The invention provides one kind exchange to scurry into direct current monitor, solves existing exchange and scurries into DC System Monitoring and deposit
It is inaccurate in monitoring, realize to scurry into direct current monitor by the exchange in the application and accurately can scurry into direct current to exchange and
The technique effect of row monitoring.
Conventionally, as load equivalent resistance R1, R2 and scurrying into the difference of alternating-current magnitude, existing monitoring device can
It will not can alarm, so as to trigger exchange to scurry into DC Line Fault harm.Mainly pass through the difference of positive and negative busbar voltage-to-ground oscillogram
Confirm that failure is scurried into exchange.
Direct current scurries into AC fault harm greatly, and occurrence probability is high, therefore " exchange is scurried into direct current monitoring and set for straight-flow system increase
It is standby " it is extremely urgent thing.For achieving the above object, this application provides one kind exchange to scurry into direct current monitor, adopts
With signal isolation, high-speed sampling, alternating current-direct current state analysis etc., realize that detection alarm, DC voltage monitoring and ripple are scurried into exchange
Measurement etc. function, real-time display current measurement value, the sound and light alarm when unusual condition occurs, and provide dry contact output port with
RS485 PORT COMs, monitoring information can be uploaded to host computer in real time.
To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
Direct current monitor is scurried into one kind exchange, and the equipment includes：Data acquisition unit, phototube coupling unit, CPU, alarm
Output unit, acousto-optic warning unit, power module, clock unit, memory, reset unit, display, communication unit.
The data acquisition unit can gather AC signal, direct current signal and ripple signal on dc bus, bag
Include data acquisition circuit and A/D change-over circuits.The direct current collection and exchange collection are special using " separated by direct communication " of electric capacity
Property is acquired.The ripple signal collection is separated using " separated by direct communication " characteristic of electric capacity, extracted.The data acquisition
Unit measurement parameter is：Scurry into ac voltage measurement precision ± 2%；The direct current monitoring reaction time is scurried into exchange<1S；DC voltage
0~300V of measurement range, resolution ratio 0.1V；DC voltage measurement precision ± 1%；Direct-current power supply ripple coefficient 0~99.99%.
The modulate circuit is differential amplifier circuit, has the characteristics of high input impedance, low noise, low drifting, high cmrr.Institute
State data acquisition circuit and isolated from power is realized by amplifier.The A/D change-over circuits are analog-digital converter, and analog signal is turned
It is changed to data signal.The A/D change-over circuits consider the bad factor of the temperature stability of analog-digital converter reference power source, utilize
Voltage reference chip puts on analog-digital converter reference voltage pin as reference power source as external reference-voltage source and used.
The phototube coupling unit separates high pressure and low pressure, improves the safety and stability of system and device.
The signal that the CPU gets data acquisition unit is handled by high-speed computation, and analysis calculates exchange and scurries into direct current
Voltage value, and contrast after alarming threshold value failure judgement situation is scurried into setting exchange and shown on interface, in the event of event
Barrier can be alarmed.
The alarm output unit road realize exchange scurry into, the warning function of the system failure, there is provided exchange scurry into failure with
And the normally opened dry contact for no reason at all of the system failure.The dry contact relay contact capacity is AC250V/3A.
The acousto-optic warning unit realization exchange is scurried into, the sound and light of alarm of the system failure.
The power module provides most basic electric energy for whole device, using the teaching of the invention it is possible to provide 5V, 9V, 12V, 15V output.
The clock unit records time of fire alarming in real time, and is not influenceed by device looses power, while can manual calibration system
Clock.The CPU can be communicated by clock unit, carry out clock alignment.
The memory real-time storage warning message, power down is supported to preserve.The CPU can transfer data to memory and enter
Row is preserved, while the data that can be extracted in memory are checked.The memory data memory capacity is 1000.
The reset unit has electrification reset, low-voltage reset control and WatchDog Timer function.
The display uses 4.3 cun of full-color touching liquid-crystal display screens, the current positive and negative Bus Voltage ripple of real-time display
Shape figure, voltage measuring value, alarming value, and historical record can be checked；Full menu in Chinese formula operation, it is easy to use.
The communication unit is 1 road RS485 PORT COMs, for the collection of other monitoring devices and the system integration.The CPU energy
Pass through communication interface and main frame and other monitoring device on-line communications.
Direct current monitor is scurried into the exchange has real-time monitoring, historical record, alarm setting, clock alignment, communication ginseng
The software modules such as number, system explanation.
Direct current monitor is scurried into the exchange need not change original Insulation Inspection Device for Direct-Current System, directly be installed in direct current
Screen, and small volume, and " panel embedded type installation ", " back of the body hang tag button installation ", " fixed installation of back side screw " three are provided
Kind mounting means, installation, wiring are very convenient.
One or more technical schemes that the application provides, have at least the following technical effects or advantages：
1. reliability：Circuit, program optimization design, component selection is investigated, using technical grade embeded processor and height
Precision, high speed A/D conversion chips, measurement accuracy is high, strong antijamming capability, and data acquisition is quick, accurate, and nothing is failed to report, reported by mistake
Phenomenon.
2. security：Using Phototube Coupling, isolated from power, PORT COM isolation and simulation, digital isolation technology, and fully
Consider the insulation between direct current positive and negative busbar and ground, it is ensured that security, reliability and the accuracy of detection of equipment, and do not influence
The safe operation of straight-flow system.
3. install convenient：Equipment need not change original Insulation Inspection Device for Direct-Current System, directly be installed in direct current cabinet,
And small volume, it can be installed with panel embedded type, carry on the back the button installation that hangs tag, the fixed installation of back side screw, installation, wiring are very square
Just.
4. feature：Direct current monitoring exchange can not only be scurried into by exchange and scurries into DC Line Fault, and carries out Realtime Alerts, together
When can record the ripple factor of fault waveform, dc source automatically, " positive pole is scurried into ", " negative mother scurries into " can be analyzed by waveform
Still " scurried between positive and negative mother ".
5. communicativeness：With dry contact output port and RS485 PORT COMs, monitoring information can be uploaded in real time upper
Machine gathers, the system integration for other monitoring devices.
Brief description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing described herein is used for providing further understanding the embodiment of the present invention, forms one of the application
Point, do not form the restriction to the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 1 is the system schematic of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the data acquisition flow schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the data acquisition unit electrical block diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the phototube coupling unit electrical block diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the CPU structural representations of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the alarm output unit electrical block diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the acousto-optic warning unit electrical block diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 9 is the power module circuitry structural representation of the present invention；
Figure 10 is the clock module electrical block diagram of the present invention；
Figure 11 is the memory circuitry structural representation of the present invention；
Figure 12 is the reset unit electrical block diagram of the present invention；
Figure 13 is the communication unit electrical block diagram of the present invention；
Figure 14 is the software flow schematic diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
The invention provides one kind exchange to scurry into direct current monitor, solves existing exchange and scurries into DC System Monitoring and deposit
It is inaccurate in monitoring, realize to scurry into direct current monitor by the exchange in the application and accurately can scurry into direct current to exchange and
The technique effect of row monitoring.
It is below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific real in order to be more clearly understood that the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention
Mode is applied the present invention is further described in detail.It should be noted that in the case where not conflicting mutually, the application's
Feature in embodiment and embodiment can be mutually combined.
Many details are elaborated in the following description to facilitate a thorough understanding of the present invention, still, the present invention may be used also
To be implemented using other different from the other modes in the range of being described herein, therefore, protection scope of the present invention is not by under
The limitation of specific embodiment disclosed in face.
Refer to shown in Fig. 2, be the structural representation that direct current monitor is scurried into present invention exchange.
As shown in Fig. 2 the present invention includes：Data acquisition unit, phototube coupling unit, CPU, alarm output unit, acousto-optic
Alarm unit, power module, clock unit, memory, reset unit, display, communication unit.Data acquisition unit receives
CPU order carries out data acquisition, and the data of collection are transferred into CPU and analyzed and processed.Phototube coupling unit is by high pressure
Separated with low pressure, improve the safety and stability of system and device.Alarm output unit and acousto-optic warning unit, which are realized, to be handed over
Spread effective alarm into failure and the system failure.Power module provides most basic electric energy for whole device.Clock unit is
CPU provides system clock foundation, while can pass through clock unit manual calibration system clock.CPU will analyze obtained data
Memory is saved in, the data that the instruction extraction that memory can receive CPU is searched in memory are checked.CPU, which is received, to be resetted
The instruction of unit is resetted.CPU receives user's key command over the display and carries out corresponding program, while by required display
Structure shown over the display.CPU can pass through communication interface and main frame and other monitoring device on-line communications.
Refer to shown in Fig. 3, be the data acquisition flow schematic diagram that direct current monitor is scurried into present invention exchange.
As shown in figure 3, data acquisition module includes：Electric capacity, isolated from power, A/D change-over circuits, photoelectric isolating circuit.
The incoming direct current of exchange monitors flow and is：First with " separated by direct communication " feature extraction alternating voltage of electric capacity, pass through
Amplifier carries out isolated from power, and obtained signal is passed to A/D change-over circuits and converts analog signals into data signal.Obtain numeral
Signal passes through photoelectric isolating circuit, and high pressure and low pressure are separated, and protects the safety and stability of system and device, final incoming
CPU carries out analysis calculating.
DC voltage samples flow：Busbar voltage is extracted first, and isolated from power, obtained signal are carried out using amplifier
Incoming A/D change-over circuits convert analog signals into data signal.Obtain data signal and pass through photoelectric isolating circuit, by high pressure with
Low pressure separates, and protects the safety and stability of system and device, and finally incoming CPU carries out analysis calculating.
Ripple voltage samples flow：Separated first, extract ripple voltage, isolated from power is carried out using amplifier,
Obtained signal is passed to A/D change-over circuits and converts analog signals into data signal.Data signal is obtained by Phototube Coupling electricity
Road, high pressure and low pressure are separated, protect the safety and stability of system and device, finally incoming CPU carries out analysis calculating.
Refer to shown in Fig. 4, be the data acquisition unit electrical block diagram that direct current monitor is scurried into present invention exchange.
The ADS8361 mode of operations of table 1 configure
Data acquisition unit is illustrated in figure 4, ADC model ADS8361, it is TIX (TI) exploitation
A high speed, low energy consumption, highest sampling rate be 500kSPS 16 high speed parallel interfaces high-performance analog-to-digital conversion core
Piece.Electric capacity C13 " separated by direct communication " gathers AC signal, and remaining two-way gathers direct current signal and ripple signal respectively.Computing is put
Big device U6B, U10B, U10A isolation front stage circuit, realizes isolated from power, prevents busbar voltage from disturbing circuit.It is AC signal, straight
Stream signal, ripple signal input ADC CH B1+, CH B0+, CH A0+ pins respectively.Digital power BVDD connects+5V, simulation electricity
Source AVDD meets+5VDC.Control signal M1 connects high level, and control signal M0 connects low level, and control signal A0 connects phototube coupling unit
ADSA0 signals, by CPU38 pins PC3 (A11) CPUA0 signals control.Therefore, as shown in table 1, when A0 is high level,
ADC gathers the ripple signal and direct current signal of A0, B0 passage, and when A0 is low level, ADC gathers the AC signal of B1 passages.
CONVST pins are A/D conversion pulses, connect the CONVST signals of isolated location, are believed by CPU39 pins PC4 (A12) CPUCST
Number control A/D conversion and digital independent, when CONVST is switched to high level from low level, A/D will be switched to from sample states
Holding pattern, and it is unrelated with the state of external clock.RD pins are the lock-out pulses of A/D Serial outputs, connect isolated location
ADSRD signals, controlled by CPU40 pins PC5 (A13) CPUAD signals.Pin is A/D chip selection signal, and it is single to connect isolation
The ADSCS signals of member, controlled by CPU41 pins PC6 (A14) CPUCS signals, whenFor low level when, Serial output A and
Serial output B outputs are effective, whenFor low level when, Serial output is invalid.CLOCK pins are used for input sample clock, connect every
From the CLOCK signal of unit, provided by CPU by 42 pin PC7 (A15) CPUCLK signals.BUSY pins are believed by ABUSY
Number export to phototube coupling unit, and pass through CPUBUSY signal outputs to CPU45 pins PA6 (AD6).SDATA A pins are serial
Output, by SDAA signal outputs to phototube coupling unit, and passes through CPUSDA signal outputs to CPU44 pins PA7 (AD7).
Refer to shown in Fig. 5, be the phototube coupling unit electrical block diagram that direct current monitor is scurried into present invention exchange.
Phototube coupling unit as shown in Figure 5 by three dual channel high speed logic output photoelectric coupler HCPL2630, and
One single channel high speed logic output photoelectric coupler 6N137 composition, phototube coupling unit separate high pressure and low pressure, protection system
The safety and stability of system and device.HCPL2630 is identical with 6N137 principles, and inputting light emitting diode by signal sends out
Light, photodiode is passed to through optical channel in piece, turns on after the photosensitive tube illumination of reverse bias, is sent after current-voltage is changed
To an input with door, another input with door is Enable Pin, high level is exported with door when Enable Pin is high, through defeated
Photoisolator output low level after going out triode reversely.For receiving circuit increase pull-up resistor in circuit, while increase electricity
Pressure+5V, VCC ensure that output is reliable and stable.First piece of HCPL2630 (U11) input connection data acquisition unit 23,21 pins, connect
SDAA, ABUSY signal are received, output connects CPU 44,45 pins, exports CPUSDA, CPUBUSY signal.Second piece of HCPL2630
(U26) input connects CPU 42,41 pins, receives CPUCLK, CPUCS signal, and output connects data acquisition unit 20,19 pins,
Export CLOCK, ADSCS signal.3rd piece of HCPL2630 (U23) input connects CPU 40,39 pins, receives CPUAD, CPUCST
Signal, output connection data acquisition unit 18,17 pins, exports ADSRD, CONVST signal.6N137 (U8) inputs connect CPU's
38 pins, CPUA0 signals are received, output connection data acquisition unit 18,16 pins, export ADSA0 signals.
Refer to shown in Fig. 6, be the CPU structural representations that direct current monitor is scurried into present invention exchange.
CPU as shown in Figure 6 uses the ATmega128L of atmel corp, and it is a low work(based on AVR risc architectures
Consumption, high performance 8 8-digit microcontroller chip.ATmega128L has the characteristics that：Inside uses Harvard structures, is using
During 16M clocks, speed is up to 16MIPS；With abundant resource and extremely low energy consumption；Program storage with 128KB in piece
(Flash), 4KB data storage (SRAM), 64KB and 4KB E can be diffused into outside2PROM；The convenient interface developed with debugging,
8 10 ADC channels, 28 and 2 16 hardware Timer/Counters, 8 PWM passages, programmable watchdog timer and
Oscillator on piece, analog comparator on piece, UART, SPI, I2C EBIs, JTAG mouths；With 6 kinds of different grades of low energy consumption
Operator scheme, each pattern have different energy consumptions；Profile very little, the size of node can be reduced.
The output of pin PA1, PA2 control " normally opened dry contact for no reason at all " alarm signal.Pin PA6, PA7, PC3~PC7 are real
Now with the control and communication of data acquisition unit, wherein pin PA6, PA7 receive data acquisition unit collection after by photoelectricity every
From the signal after device processing；Pin PC3~PC7 realizes the control to data acquisition unit.Pin PB2~PB6,- real
Now communicated with the control of reset circuit, wherein pin PB2, PB4, PB6 is controlled to reset circuit, and PB5 is reset circuit
Serial input, PB3 receive the Serial output of reset circuit, pinTo reset input pin, answering for reset circuit is received
Position signal.Pin XTAL1 and XTAL2 are respectively the input and output of the sign-changing amplifier as piece internal oscillator.PG0 is acousto-optic
The input of warning circuit, control the work of audible-visual annunciator.Pin PE0, PE1 realize RS485 communication functions, and PE0 receives outside
Communication signal, whether is the receiving of PE1 communication control signals.Pin PC0, PC1, PG1, PD6 realize with the control of clock circuit with
Communication, wherein pin PC1, PD6 connect the serial input of clock circuit, and pin PC0, PG1 connect serial input/output of clock circuit
Pin.Pin PG1, PD7, PD6 realize the control and communication with memory, and wherein pin PG1 connects serial input/output of memory
Pin realizes the storage and reading of data, and pin PD7, PD6 realize controls of the CPU for memory.
Refer to shown in Fig. 7, be the alarm output unit electrical block diagram that direct current monitor is scurried into present invention exchange.
Alarm output circuit is illustrated in figure 7, alarm output circuit realization exchange is scurried into, the warning function of the system failure,
Its input is connected with CPU PA1, PA2 pin.When there is exchange and scurrying into failure or the system failure, CPU by WAR1,
WAR2 alarm signals are changed into high level, triode ON, relay coil energization, normal open switch closure, realize the incoming event of exchange
The warning function of barrier and the system failure.
Refer to shown in Fig. 8, be the acousto-optic warning unit electrical block diagram that direct current monitor is scurried into present invention exchange.
Sound light alarming circuit is illustrated in figure 8, sound light alarming circuit realization exchange is scurried into, the sound and light alarm work(of the system failure
Can, its input with the connected of CPU PG0 pins when exchange scurry into failure or the system failure when, CPU passes through ALMSP signals
It is changed into high level, triode ON, audible-visual annunciator energization work, realizes sound and light of alarm.
Refer to shown in Fig. 9, be the power unit circuit structural representation that direct current monitor is scurried into present invention exchange.
Power module provides most basic electric energy for whole device, directly influences the service behaviour of whole system.Power supply
Module model IF1205S-1W, power module input is+12V voltages, using the teaching of the invention it is possible to provide 5V, 9V, 12V, 15V output.
Refer to shown in Figure 10, be the clock unit electrical block diagram that direct current monitor is scurried into present invention exchange.
It is clock module as shown in Figure 10, clock module selection SD2400EPI clock chips, it is a kind of with built-in brilliant
Shake, support the High-precision real-time clock chips of IIC serial line interfaces, CPU can be addressed by 5 bit address and posted to read and write 32 bytes in piece
The data (including time register, alarm register, control register, general SRAM registers) of storage.VBAT is additional standby
With battery pin, VDD is positive electricity source pin.SCL pins are serial clock input pin, and CPU is believed by the SCL of PC2 (A10) pin
Number it is controlled.SDA pins are serial date transfer/output pin, and CPU carries out reading and writing data by PC0 (A8) SDA signal.
NC/SDAE pins are NVSRAM serial date transfers/output pin, and CPU passes through PG1The SDAE signals of pin are read
Write.NC/SCLE pins are NVSRAM serial clock input pins, and CPU is controlled by the SCLE signals of PD6 (T1) pin.
Refer to shown in Figure 11, be the memory circuitry structural representation that direct current monitor is scurried into present invention exchange.
Be as shown in figure 11 memory, memory selects FM24W256-G, and it is a kind of ferroelectric memory (FRAM), capacity
For 256K bit.FRAM be by RAMTRON companies develop it is new deposit memory, its core technology is ferroelectric crystal materials,
The advantages of with RAM and ROM, read or write speed is fast and can be used as nonvolatile memory.WP pins draw for write-protect
Pin, it is controlled by CPU by the WP24 signals of PD7 (T2) pin.SCL pins are serial clock input pin, and CPU passes through PD6
(T1) the SCLE signals of pin are controlled.SDA pins are serial date transfer/output pin, and CPU passes through PG1SDAE
Signal carries out reading and writing data.
Refer to shown in Figure 12, be the reset unit electrical block diagram that direct current monitor is scurried into present invention exchange.
Be as shown in figure 12 reset circuit, reset circuit selects the x5043 chips of XICOR companies, it have electrification reset,
Low-voltage reset controls and WatchDog Timer function.Electrification reset function refers to the electrification reset electricity of chip internal during power-up
Road is activated, so that RET pins are effective, electrification reset function can avoid CPU in undertension or the unstabilized feelings of oscillator
Worked under condition.When low potential reset control function refers to work, low-voltage reset circuit can monitor supply voltage VCC, if electric
When below source Voltage Drop to preset minimum value, RET pins are effective, so as to avoid CPU in the situation of power-fail or disconnection
Lower work.The effect of WatchDog Timer is to pass through monitoringPin input condition monitors whether CPU activates, due to
CPU must be triggered periodically during workPin makes circuit reset to avoid RET signal activations, so
Pin must be triggered before the termination of house dog time-out time by signal from high to low, otherwise carry out reset operation.Pin is chip select pin, is controlled by CPU by the CS5043 signals of PB4 (OC0) pin.SO pins are serial
Output pin, CPU are received by SO5043 signals by PB3 (MISO) pin.Pin is write-protect pin, by CPU
It is controlled by the WP5043 signals of PB2 (MOSI) pin.Pin connects CPU's to reset output pinPin, CPU reset is controlled to operate.SCK pins are serial clock pin, and CPU passes through PB6 (OC1B) pin
SCK5043 signals are inputted.SI pins are serial input pin, and CPU is carried out by the SI5043 signals of PB5 (OC1A) pin
Input.
Refer to shown in Figure 13, be the communication unit electrical block diagram that direct current monitor is scurried into present invention exchange.
It is RS485 communication modules as shown in figure 13, RS485 communication modules selection SN75LBC184DR chips, it is to meet
The difference transceiver of SN5176 professional standards, built-in high-energy transient noises protection device.Communication module has Phototube Coupling list
Member, can realize Phototube Coupling, and phototube coupling unit is made up of two single channel high speed logic output photoelectric coupler 6N137.
RO pins are connected by phototube coupling unit with CPU PE0 (PDI/RXD0) pin,Pass through Phototube Coupling list with DE pins
Member is connected with CPU PE1 (PDO/TXD0) pin, and VCC pin connects power supply, and A, B pin connect RS485 Interface Terminals.When TXD0 is
Photoisolator U20 is not turned on during high level, and D11 is high level, and triode Q7 is turned on, enabled DE,For low level, now
RO output datas, CPU pass through RXD0 signal-obtaining information.
Refer to shown in Figure 14, be the software flow schematic diagram that direct current monitor is scurried into present invention exchange.
As shown in figure 14, software systems flow is：System starts, system initialization configuration, including：Clock configures, serial ports
Initialization, storage control initialization, display controller initialization etc.；System enters main program after initialization, and display is opened
Begin to show main interface, serial ports, which is in, receives state, and the monitoring of system button is active；User operates or receives other
During the instruction of monitoring device, system interface is reacted accordingly, while when user is operated into real-time monitoring interface, data
Acquisition module starts, and software systems control digital display circuit carries out data acquisition.After data acquisition caching and digital display circuit, software system
System reads the data of digital display circuit collection, and carries out analysis meter calculation；Finally the alarm door limit value according to set by user is deposited
The processing such as storage, alarm and data upload, and shown over the display.
Software systems include following module：Real-time monitoring, historical record, alarm setting, clock alignment, communication ginseng
Number, system explanation.
Realize monitoring：Monitoring alternating voltage, DC voltage and ripple factor in real time, and failure is scurried into exchange and reported
It is alert, while show positive and negative busbar voltage-to-ground waveform, provide judgment basis when being scurried into for exchange between positive and negative busbar.
Historical record：Query history alarm logging, including time of fire alarming, ac voltage, DC voltage value, ripple factor
And positive and negative Bus Voltage oscillogram.Instrument maximum can store nearest 1000 alarm loggings.
Alarm setting：Alarming threshold value is scurried into setting exchange, when scurrying into alternating voltage more than this threshold values, instrument and alarm and depositing
Store up alarm logging.Setting range：5-300V.
Clock alignment：Manual calibration system clock.
Communications parameter：Set communications parameter, including communication baud rate and the machine address code.
System explanation：The information such as the machine numbering, hardware version, software version and technical support phone are provided.
Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, but those skilled in the art once know basic creation
Property concept, then can make other change and modification to these embodiments.So appended claims be intended to be construed to include it is excellent
Select embodiment and fall into having altered and changing for the scope of the invention.
Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out the essence of various changes and modification without departing from the present invention to the present invention
God and scope.So, if these modifications and variations of the present invention belong to the scope of the claims in the present invention and its equivalent technologies
Within, then the present invention is also intended to comprising including these changes and modification.
Claims (9)
1. direct current monitor is scurried into one kind exchange, it is characterised in that the monitor includes：
Data acquisition unit, for gathering the AC signal on dc bus, direct current signal and ripple signal；
Phototube coupling unit, for data acquisition unit circuit to be isolated with cpu circuit；
CPU, for the signal of collection to be carried out into calculation process, analysis calculates exchange and scurries into DC voltage numerical value, by what is calculated
Exchange scurries into DC voltage numerical value compared with setting exchange and scurrying into alarming threshold value, and is based on comparative result, judges whether to report
It is alert；
Alarm output unit, for the judged result based on CPU, realize the warning function that exchange is scurried into.
2. direct current monitor is scurried into exchange according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the monitor also includes acousto-optic report
Alert unit, the sound and light of alarm scurried into for realizing exchange.
3. direct current monitor is scurried into exchange according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the monitor also includes power supply mould
Block, electric energy is provided for scurrying into direct current monitor for exchange.
4. direct current monitor is scurried into exchange according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the monitor also includes clock list
Member, for recording time of fire alarming, CPU can be communicated by clock unit, carry out clock alignment.
5. direct current monitor is scurried into exchange according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the monitor also includes storage
Device, for real-time storage warning message.
6. direct current monitor is scurried into exchange according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the monitor also includes resetting list
Member, for electrification reset, low-voltage reset control and house dog timing.
7. direct current monitor is scurried into exchange according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the monitor also includes display
And communication unit, the display are used for real-time display currently positive and negative Bus Voltage oscillogram, voltage measuring value, alarm
Value；CPU can pass through communication interface and main frame and associated monitoring equipment on-line communication.
8. direct current monitor is scurried into exchange according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the data acquisition unit includes：
Electric capacity, isolated from power, A/D change-over circuits.
9. direct current monitor is scurried into exchange according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the data acquisition unit：
The incoming direct current of exchange monitors flow and is：Alternating voltage is extracted first with electric capacity, isolated from power is carried out by amplifier, obtained
To signal be passed to A/D change-over circuits convert analog signals into data signal；Obtain data signal and pass through photoelectric isolating circuit,
High pressure and low pressure are separated, CPU is then passed to and carries out analysis calculating；
In the data acquisition unit, DC voltage sampling flow is：Busbar voltage is extracted first, and power supply is carried out using amplifier
Isolation, obtained signal are passed to A/D change-over circuits and convert analog signals into data signal；Obtain data signal by photoelectricity every
From circuit, high pressure and low pressure are separated, CPU is then passed to and carries out analysis calculating；
In the data acquisition unit, ripple voltage sampling flow is：The data of collection are separated first, extract ripple electricity
Pressure, isolated from power is carried out using amplifier, obtained signal is passed to A/D change-over circuits and converts analog signals into data signal；
Obtain data signal and pass through photoelectric isolating circuit, high pressure and low pressure are separated, be then passed to CPU and carry out analysis calculating.
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| CN201710731621.0A CN107450034A (en) | 2017-08-23 | 2017-08-23 | Direct current monitor is scurried into one kind exchange |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710731621.0A CN107450034A (en) | 2017-08-23 | 2017-08-23 | Direct current monitor is scurried into one kind exchange |
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Application publication date: 20171208 |