CN107449936A - Utilize the device and its method for drafting of PIV technologies measurement fish body tail vorticity field - Google Patents
Utilize the device and its method for drafting of PIV technologies measurement fish body tail vorticity field Download PDFInfo
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- CN107449936A CN107449936A CN201710843144.7A CN201710843144A CN107449936A CN 107449936 A CN107449936 A CN 107449936A CN 201710843144 A CN201710843144 A CN 201710843144A CN 107449936 A CN107449936 A CN 107449936A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P5/00—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft
- G01P5/18—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring the time taken to traverse a fixed distance
- G01P5/20—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring the time taken to traverse a fixed distance using particles entrained by a fluid stream
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention discloses the device and its method for drafting using PIV technologies measurement fish body tail vorticity field, it includes flow field the real time measure system, the flow field the real time measure system includes track, experimental glass cylinder is placed with the track, the experimental glass cylinder interior is placed with the hollow glass bead particle for tracer, tripod is placed with the side of experimental glass cylinder, high-speed camera is installed at the top of the tripod, the first Mini-railway shifter and the second Mini-railway shifter are separately installed with the track of the both sides of the experimental glass cylinder, first double-pulse laser generator is installed on the first Mini-railway shifter, second double-pulse laser generator is installed on the second Mini-railway shifter；The real time measure system is connected by signal wire with data storage and processing system, and the data storage and processing system are connected with video converter, and the video information captured is converted into high definition picture in real time.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to PIV technical fields, and in particular to measure the device of fish body tail vorticity field using PIV technologies and its paint
Method processed, the mainly real-time measurement to fish body afterbody flow field and near zone particle velocity field.
Background technology
PIV (Prticle Image Velocimetry) technology utilizes imaging of the particle under laser, and measurement particle is three
In dimension space (during transient state) in flowing so as to obtaining the velocity flow profile of particle.At present, PIV technologies answering in terms of aquatile
With relatively wide, but due to the objectivity and particularity that study a question, the problem of technology presently, there are, is mainly manifested in；(1) no
The transient flow field measurement in the case of swing of the fish body can be realized；(2) it is difficult to the whirlpool that Accurate Estimation goes out clear stream field in the case of swing of the fish body
Amount and specific distribution.For these reasons, the present invention proposes a kind of measurement dress of fish body afterbody Vorticity Field based on PIV technologies
Put, according to high scattered power requirement of the PIV technologies for particle, particle selected by the device is sufficiently small uniform tracer grain
Son, the material selection of trace particle ensure that with water-based preferably hollow glass micropearl (10 μm of particle diameter, density 1.02g/cm-3)
The imaging effect of high quality.
The content of the invention
Present invention generally provides a kind of device and its method for drafting that fish body afterbody vortex is measured using PIV technologies, this dress
Put and preferably solve the problems, such as that PIV technologies, to numerous particle accurate measurements, can be accurately captured three-dimensional shape under three-dimensional state
The flow regime of trace particle, saves equipment investment under state, solves the problems, such as cumbersome.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention proposes following technical scheme：Fish body wake's flow field is measured using PIV technologies
Device, it includes flow field the real time measure system, and the flow field the real time measure system includes track (8), on the track (8)
Experimental glass cylinder (3) is placed with, the hollow glass bead particle (9) for tracer is placed with inside the experimental glass cylinder (3),
The side of experimental glass cylinder (3) is placed with tripod (4), and high-speed camera (5), institute are provided with the top of the tripod (4)
State and the first Mini-railway shifter (2) and the second Mini-railway are separately installed with the track (8) of the both sides of experimental glass cylinder (3)
Shifter (7), the first double-pulse laser generator (1) is installed on the first Mini-railway shifter (2), described second is small
Second double-pulse laser generator (6) is installed on type track shifter (7)；The real time measure system passes through signal wire and number
It is connected according to storage and processing system, the data storage and processing system are connected with video converter, and the video captured is believed
Breath is converted to high definition picture in real time.
The high-speed camera (5) uses dImax HD type video cameras, and its pixel can turn between 100 ten thousand to 300 ten thousand
Change；Angular field of view can be changed in the range of 0-90 °；
High-speed camera (5) pixel is 1920 × 1420, and frequency frame is 1107FPS, aperture time 0.9ms.
The angular field of view of the high-speed camera (5) is 45 °
The angular field of view of the high-speed camera (5) is 90 °.
Using the operating method of PIV technologies measurement fish body wake's flow field field device, it comprises the following steps any one：
Step 1, double-pulse laser generator (1,6) is combined, Mini-railway with Mini-railway shifter (2,7) respectively
Shifter (2,7) is connected with track (8), forms the irradiation of packaged type laser；
Step 2, waterproof coordinate grid is laid on experimental glass cylinder (3) bottom, surrounding glass wall；
Step 3, double-pulse laser generator (1,6) laterally perpendicular to experimental glass cylinder (3), carry out two-way laser irradiation,
Adjust the distance of double-pulse laser generator (1,6) and experimental glass cylinder (3)；
Step 4, water and fish are put into experimental glass cylinder (3), is put into hollow glass bead particle (9) after the water surface is steady
In experimental glass cylinder (3)；
Step 5, tripod (4) and high-speed camera (5) are combined, at a certain angle to testing glass after highly mixing up
The hollow glass bead particle (9) of the interior fish body afterbody of glass cylinder (3) is shot；
Step 6, the video information that high-speed camera (5) captures is real-time transmitted in data analysis system, then passed through
Video dress parallel operation is converted into high definition picture.
Using the computational methods of PIV technologies measurement fish body tail vorticity field, it comprises the following steps：
Step 1, the image to be overlapped each other with two visual fields, by taking a particle as an example, establish the pass of adjacent two (n, n+1)
System's figure；
Step 2, the coordinate of this particle is set as (x, y, z), obtain n moment and the n+1 moment particle apart from upper pass
System, and contact in time, temporal displacement can arrange；
{(xEnd, yEnd, zEnd) be the coordinate for representing the n+2 moment) ultimate analysis goes out speed of the particle in the interval, with such
All particles in eddy region are pushed away, draw velocity；
Step 3, by the velocity drawn in 2), three-dimensional vortex flux can be obtained with reference to the relation of speed and vorticity, such as
Under；
In formula：U, v, w represent x respectively, y, the speed in z-axis, Ωx, Ωy, ΩzRepresent to represent x respectively, y, the whirlpool in z-axis
Amount；
Step 4, asked by the speed of three-dimensional and the relation of vorticity, the vortex flux about speed, row vortex filament equation：
In formula：
Step 5, calculates strength of vortex, and any micro unit (micro- area of a circle is set to A=Ax, Ay, Az) during extraction is vortexed is right
Micro- circle is integrated：
In formula：
Step 6, vortex is divided into multiple micro- circles, whole region vortex strength is released with this.
The technique of painting drawn using fish body wake's flow field field computation method to the fish body tail vorticity field of result of the test, including with
Lower step：
Step 1, in vortex caused by swing of the fish body, a part of cylinder in extraction vortex；
Step 2, the cylinder of interception is divided into multiple circles；
Step 3, take up an official post in circle and take a particle, obtain the particle within n to the n+j moment by the seat in each two-dimensional circle
Mark, then these two-dimensional coordinates are attached, you can the vortex filament of single particle is obtained, by that analogy includes circle on border often
Individual particle is carried out in this approach, then can obtain the vortex filament of each particle, and tangent line is done to vortex filament, can obtain the vector of speed, this
Sample can represents the mobility status of particle；
Step 4, the intensity of vorticity is obtained, the dense degree of vortex filament is distributed according to intensity size, so as to find out whirlpool
Core region.
The technique of painting of fish body tail vorticity field, the specific method of the step 4 be, according in vortex unit area intensity it is big
Minispread, and according to the principle inside the big region small in intensity of intensity, it becomes possible to vortex shape size is depicted, intensity is big
Position particle is more, vortex filament is more intensive.
The method have the advantages that：
The present apparatus preferably solve the problems, such as PIV technologies under three-dimensional state to numerous particle accurate measurements, can be accurate
The flow regime of trace particle under three-dimensional state is captured, saves equipment investment, is solved the problems, such as cumbersome.
Brief description of the drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is the inclined 45° angle camera system schematic diagram of high-speed camera.
Three-dimensional vortex filament composition schematic diagram when Fig. 2 is 45 °.
Eddy region interception cylindrical particle track schematic diagram and vortex filament schematic diagram when Fig. 3 is 45 °.
Fish body is wagged the tail front and rear horizontal section schematic diagram when Fig. 4 is 45 °.
Speed vector figure during fluid vortex when Fig. 5 is 45 °.
Vorticity field analysis chart when Fig. 6 is 45 ° under fluid vortex state.
Fig. 7 is the inclined 90 ° of angles camera system schematic diagram of high-speed camera.
Speed vector figure during fluid vortex when Fig. 8 is 90 °.
Vorticity field analysis chart when Fig. 9 is 90 ° under fluid vortex state.
Figure 10 is the inclined 30 ° of angles camera system schematic diagram of high-speed camera.
Speed vector figure during fluid vortex when Figure 11 is 30 °.
Vorticity field analysis chart when Figure 12 is 30 ° under fluid vortex state.
In figure：First double-pulse laser generator 1, the first Mini-railway shifter 2, experimental glass cylinder 3, tripod 4, height
Fast video camera 5, the second double-pulse laser generator 6, the second Mini-railway shifter 7, track 8, hollow glass bead particle 9.
Embodiment
Embodiments of the present invention are described further below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment 1：
Such as Fig. 1, the device of fish body tail vorticity field is measured using PIV technologies, it includes flow field the real time measure system, the stream
Field the real time measure system includes track 8, and experimental glass cylinder 3 is placed with the track 8, and the inside of experimental glass cylinder 3 is placed
There is the hollow glass bead particle 9 for tracer, tripod 4, the top of the tripod 4 are placed with the side of experimental glass cylinder 3
Portion is provided with high-speed camera 5, and the movement of the first Mini-railway is separately installed with the track 8 of the both sides of the experimental glass cylinder 3
The Mini-railway shifter 7 of device 2 and second, the first double-pulse laser generator is installed on the first Mini-railway shifter 2
1, the second double-pulse laser generator 6 is installed on the second Mini-railway shifter 7；The real time measure system passes through letter
Number line is connected with data storage and processing system, and the data storage and processing system are connected with video converter, will capture
Video information be converted to high definition picture in real time.
Further, the high-speed camera 5 uses dImax HD type video cameras, and its pixel is between 100 ten thousand to 300 ten thousand
It can change；Angular field of view can be changed in the range of 0-90 °.
Further, the pixel of high-speed camera 5 is 1920 × 1420, and frequency frame is 1107FPS, and aperture time is
0.9ms。
Further, the angular field of view of the high-speed camera 5 is 45 °
Further, the angular field of view of the high-speed camera 5 is 90 °.
Embodiment 2：
Using the device of PIV technologies measurement fish body tail vorticity field, comprise the following steps：
Step 1, the first double-pulse laser generator 1 and the second double-pulse laser generator 6 respectively with the first Mini-railway
The Mini-railway shifter 7 of shifter 2 and second is combined, and Mini-railway shifter is connected with track 8, is formed packaged type laser and is shone
Penetrate；
Step 2, waterproof coordinate grid is laid on the bottom of experimental glass cylinder 3, surrounding glass wall；
Step 3, the first double-pulse laser generator 1 and the second double-pulse laser generator 6 are laterally perpendicular to experimental glass
Cylinder 3, carry out two-way laser irradiation, the distance of adjustment double-pulse laser generator and experimental glass cylinder 3；
Step 4, water and fish are put into experimental glass cylinder 3, hollow glass bead particle 9 is put into experiment after the water surface is steady
In glass jar 3；
Step 5, tripod 4 and high-speed camera 5 combine, at a certain angle in experimental glass cylinder 3 after highly mixing up
The hollow glass bead particle 9 of fish body afterbody is shot；
Step 6, the video information that high-speed camera 5 captures is real-time transmitted in data analysis system, then by regarding
Frequency dress parallel operation is converted into high definition picture.
Embodiment 3：
Using the computational methods of PIV technologies measurement fish body tail vorticity field, comprise the following steps：
1) image to be overlapped each other with two visual fields, by taking a particle as an example, the graph of a relation of adjacent two (n, n+1) is established；
2) coordinate of this particle is set as (x, y, z), obtains n moment and the n+1 moment particle apart from co-relation, and
Contact in time, temporal displacement can arrange；
{(xEnd, yEnd, zEnd) be the coordinate for representing the n+2 moment) ultimate analysis goes out speed of the particle in the interval, with such
All particles in eddy region are pushed away, draw velocity.
3) by the velocity drawn in 2), three-dimensional vortex flux can be obtained with reference to the relation of speed and vorticity, it is as follows；
(u in formula, v, w represent x respectively, y, the speed in z-axis, Ωx, Ωy, ΩzRepresent to represent x respectively, y, the whirlpool in z-axis
Amount).
4) asked by the speed of three-dimensional and the relation of vorticity, the vortex flux about speed, row vortex filament equation；
5) strength of vortex is calculated, any micro unit (micro- area of a circle is set to A=Ax, Ay, Az) during extraction is vortexed, micro- circle is entered
Row integration
6) vortex is divided into multiple micro- circles, whole region vortex strength is released with this.
Embodiment 4：
The technique of painting using PIV technologies to fish body tail vorticity field, comprises the following steps：
1) in vortex caused by swing of the fish body, the part in extraction vortex, exemplified by cylindric (such as Fig. 3).
2) cylinder of interception is divided into multiple circles (such as Fig. 2).
3) take up an official post in circle and take a particle (by taking the round particle of border one as an example), obtain the particle and pass through within n to the n+j moment
Coordinate in each two-dimensional circle, then these two-dimensional coordinates are attached, you can the vortex filament (such as Fig. 2) of single particle is obtained, with
This analogizes carries out (including on border) in circle each particle in this approach, then can obtain the vortex filament of each particle, vortex filament is done
Tangent line, the vector of speed can be obtained, can thus represent the mobility status of particle.
4) intensity of vorticity is obtained, the dense degree of vortex filament is distributed according to intensity size, so as to find out vortex core area
Domain.Method is as follows：According to the big minispread (original inside the big region small in intensity of intensity of intensity in vortex unit area
Vortex shape size can then) be depicted, the big position particle of intensity is more, vortex filament is more intensive.
Embodiment 5：
Utilize the comparison of the computational methods of PIV technologies measurement fish body tail vorticity field：
Such as Fig. 1-12,90 ° of video camera, 45 °, 30 ° of Perspective Analysis.
Take three angles to be analyzed, exemplified by taking 90 ° of vertical XOY plane shootings first, established now according to picture
Largrangian coordinates, the three-dimensional component of speed can be drawn according to Largrangian coordinates, and vz can not be obtained relative to figure, together
Sample can not obtain the instance variable on z-axis direction, if measurement vz also needs separately to set a camera, be shot perpendicular to Z axis, but this
Sample both adds expense, and it is more difficult two video cameras are shot into videos coupling, add difficulty, but 90 ° be one of two dimension very
Good example.
In principle between 0 ° -90 ° any angle all it is measurable go out three-dimensional result, 30 ° with 45 ° on Computing Principle be as
, unique difference is；30 ° of initial calculations are more than 45 °.
By above-mentioned description, those skilled in the art completely can be in the model without departing from this invention technological thought
In enclosing, various changes and amendments are carried out all within protection scope of the present invention.The unaccomplished matter of the present invention, belongs to ability
The common knowledge of field technique personnel.
Claims (9)
1. utilize the device of PIV technologies measurement fish body tail vorticity field, it is characterised in that：It includes flow field the real time measure system, institute
Stating flow field the real time measure system includes track (8), and experimental glass cylinder (3), the experimental glass cylinder are placed with the track (8)
(3) the internal hollow glass bead particle (9) being placed with for tracer, tripod is placed with the side of experimental glass cylinder (3)
(4) high-speed camera (5), is installed, on the track (8) of the both sides of the experimental glass cylinder (3) at the top of the tripod (4)
It is separately installed with the first Mini-railway shifter (2) and the second Mini-railway shifter (7), the first Mini-railway shifter
(2) the first double-pulse laser generator (1) is installed on, second pair of arteries and veins is installed on the second Mini-railway shifter (7)
Impulse optical generator (6)；The real time measure system is connected by signal wire with data storage and processing system, and the data are deposited
Storage and processing system are connected with video converter, and the video information captured is converted into high definition picture in real time.
2. the device according to claim 1 that fish body tail vorticity field is measured using PIV technologies, it is characterised in that：The height
Fast video camera (5) uses dImax HD type video cameras, and its pixel can be changed between 100 ten thousand to 300 ten thousand；Angular field of view can be with
Changed in the range of 0-90 °.
3. the device according to claim 1 or 2 that fish body tail vorticity field is measured using PIV technologies, it is characterised in that：It is described
High-speed camera (5) pixel is 1920 × 1420, and frequency frame is 1107FPS, aperture time 0.9ms.
4. the device according to claim 2 that fish body tail vorticity field is measured using PIV technologies, it is characterised in that：The height
The angular field of view of fast video camera (5) is 45 °.
5. the device according to claim 2 that fish body tail vorticity field is measured using PIV technologies, it is characterised in that：The height
The angular field of view of fast video camera (5) is 90 °.
6. claim 1-5 any one is existed using the operating method of PIV technologies measurement fish body wake's flow field field device, its feature
In it comprises the following steps：
Step 1, double-pulse laser generator (1,6) is combined with Mini-railway shifter (2,7) respectively, Mini-railway movement
Device (2,7) is connected with track (8), forms the irradiation of packaged type laser；
Step 2, waterproof coordinate grid is laid on experimental glass cylinder (3) bottom, surrounding glass wall；
Step 3, double-pulse laser generator (1,6) laterally perpendicular to experimental glass cylinder (3), carry out two-way laser irradiation, adjustment
The distance of double-pulse laser generator (1,6) and experimental glass cylinder (3)；
Step 4, water and fish are put into experimental glass cylinder (3), hollow glass bead particle (9) is put into experiment after the water surface is steady
In glass jar (3)；
Step 5, tripod (4) and high-speed camera (5) are combined, at a certain angle to experimental glass cylinder after highly mixing up
(3) the hollow glass bead particle (9) of interior fish body afterbody is shot；
Step 6, the video information that high-speed camera (5) captures is real-time transmitted in data analysis system, then passes through video
Dress parallel operation is converted into high definition picture.
7. utilize the computational methods of PIV technologies measurement fish body tail vorticity field, it is characterised in that it comprises the following steps：
Step 1, the image to be overlapped each other with two visual fields, by taking a particle as an example, establish the graph of a relation of adjacent two (n, n+1)；
Step 2, the coordinate of this particle is set as (x, y, z), obtain n moment and the n+1 moment particle apart from co-relation, with
And contact in time, temporal displacement can arrange；
{(xEnd, yEnd, zEnd) be the coordinate for representing the n+2 moment) ultimate analysis goes out speed of the particle in the interval, whirlpool by that analogy
All particles in region are flowed, draw velocity；
Step 3, by the velocity drawn in 2), three-dimensional vortex flux can be obtained with reference to the relation of speed and vorticity, it is as follows；
In formula：U, v, w represent x respectively, y, the speed in z-axis, Ωx, Ωy, ΩzRepresent to represent x respectively, y, the vorticity in z-axis；
Step 4, asked by the speed of three-dimensional and the relation of vorticity, the vortex flux about speed, row vortex filament equation：
In formula：
Step 5, calculate strength of vortex, any micro unit (micro- area of a circle is set to A=Ax, Ay, Az) during extraction is vortexed, to micro- circle
Integrated：
In formula：
Step 6, vortex is divided into multiple micro- circles, whole region vortex strength is released with this.
8. the picture drawn using the computational methods of claim 7 to the fish body tail vorticity field of result of the test in claim 6
Method, comprise the following steps：
Step 1, in vortex caused by swing of the fish body, a part of cylinder in extraction vortex；
Step 2, the cylinder of interception is divided into multiple circles；
Step 3, take up an official post in circle and take a particle, obtain the particle within n to the n+j moment by the coordinate in each two-dimensional circle, then
These two-dimensional coordinates are attached, you can obtain the vortex filament of single particle, circle is included into each grain on border by that analogy
Son is carried out in this approach, then can obtain the vortex filament of each particle, tangent line is done to vortex filament, can obtain the vector of speed, thus
The mobility status of particle can be represented；
Step 4, the intensity of vorticity is obtained, the dense degree of vortex filament is distributed according to intensity size, so as to find out vortex core area
Domain.
9. according to the technique of painting of fish body tail vorticity field in claim 8, it is characterised in that：The specific method of the step 4 is root
According to the big minispread of intensity in vortex unit area, and according to the principle inside the big region small in intensity of intensity, it becomes possible to
Vortex shape size is depicted, the big position particle of intensity is more, vortex filament is more intensive.
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