CN107449604A - The assay method and measure device of toothed portion part - Google Patents
The assay method and measure device of toothed portion part Download PDFInfo
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- CN107449604A CN107449604A CN201710212975.4A CN201710212975A CN107449604A CN 107449604 A CN107449604 A CN 107449604A CN 201710212975 A CN201710212975 A CN 201710212975A CN 107449604 A CN107449604 A CN 107449604A
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- toothed portion
- portion part
- spheroid
- tooth
- rack
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
- G01M13/02—Gearings; Transmission mechanisms
- G01M13/021—Gearings
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- A Measuring Device Byusing Mechanical Method (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
- Gears, Cams (AREA)
- Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides the assay method and measure device of the toothed portion part for the evaluation engaged, be fitted together to that can carry out toothed portion part.The assay method of toothed portion part (9) possess by the teeth groove (91) for making spheroid (25) along gear (9) form it is mobile in the case of spheroid (25) actual motion track be determined as gear (9) shape evaluation index mensuration operation.In the case where toothed portion part is VGR racks, the flank of tooth (92) of rack tooth (9) is made up of curved surface, therefore the reference pins used in OPD can not be configured in a manner of forming linear contact lay with the flank of tooth (92), the measure of rack tooth (9) can not be carried out, but if spheroid (25), it can then be configured by being formed with the flank of tooth (92) in a manner of point contacts, therefore the measure of rack tooth (9) can be carried out.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the assay method of toothed portion part and measure device.
Background technology
Pinion-and-rack steering device as in order to by the steering force of steering wheel to deflecting roller transmission and by steering spindle
Rotary motion be transformed to link deflecting roller rack shaft axis direction linear motion device use.In rack-and-pinion machine
In structure, given in the rack tooth that rack shaft is formed with the mesh regional that the pinion gear teeth formed in pinion shaft is meshed constant
Normal direction backlash comes on mesh control moment of torsion this dot characteristics, and the engagement management of rack tooth is very important key element.
The evaluation of the engagement of rack tooth can be used based on over pin (over pin) elevation measurement method (following, title
For OPD) OPD change curves management (with reference to Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2009-264451 publications).The OPD is will to be suitable for rack tooth
Reference pins configured in a manner of flank of tooth linear contact lay opposed in the teeth groove with rack tooth and whole teeth groove performed to from tooth
What the reference position of bar axle to the height to locate of reference pins was measured handling and commenting their value pictorialization
Valency is the method for design load.Specifically, it is for example, at a right angle for the central axis of central axis and rack shaft with reference pins
Straight line for, point and the point intersecting with the outer peripheral face of reference pins that it intersects with the outer peripheral face of rack shaft are obtained, by two intersection points
Between distance as measure height be measured.
However, for pinion-and-rack steering device in recent years, for the purpose of the raising of handling maneuver sense etc., exist
Using each key element (modulus of rack tooth, pressure angle etc.) of the rack tooth by making composition pinion and rack because of the axle of rack shaft
Line direction position and it is different come the variable gear ratio that makes steering gear ratio be changed according to handling maneuver angle rack (it is following, claim
For VGR racks) situation.That is, for transfer, exist using rack tooth group of the flank of tooth with rack tooth for plane and tooth
The flank of tooth of bar tooth is the situation of the VGR racks of the rack tooth group of curved surface (with reference to Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2014-210495 publications).
In addition, the steering column for wrapping up steering spindle, the contraction for the purpose of impact when using the collision to absorb vehicle
Construction.The steering column possesses the upper axle to be extended out from steering wheel side and the lower axle to be extended out from steering box side, two axles
It is fitted together to by spline.Therefore, the chimeric management of the spline is very important key element.The chimeric evaluation of spline can use
Based on the teeth groove that pin is placed in opposed spline and pair (maximum circumscribed circle is straight with the maximum inscribed circle diameter of the apexes contact of pin
Footpath) the BPD change curve management of method (feeding pin (feed-in pin) method (hereinafter referred to as BPD)) that is measured.
Above-mentioned OPD can be applied to the rack (hereinafter referred to as CGR racks) of the constant constant gear ratio of gearratio, can
The flank of tooth enough applied to whole rack tooths is the rack of plane.However, due in VGR racks, the tooth of the region of variation of gearratio
The flank of tooth of bar tooth is made up of curved surface, i.e., dimensionally in wavy, so there are the following problems, i.e. can not by reference pins with tooth
The mode of the opposed flank of tooth into linear contact lay configures in the teeth groove of bar tooth, can not use OPD.In addition, above-mentioned BPD is the tooth of certain spline
Range determination between 2 points of the position of groove, exist can not be carried out in the chimeric length of spline complete cycle chimeric evaluation this ask
Topic.
The content of the invention
An object of the present invention be to provide can be to the toothed portion part for the rack for also including variable gear ratio engagement,
The assay method and measure device of the chimeric toothed portion part evaluated.
The assay method of the toothed portion part of the mode of the present invention possesses mensuration operation, in the mensuration operation, makes spheroid
Shape evaluation of the actual motion track of above-mentioned spheroid obtained from being moved along the teeth groove of toothed portion part as above-mentioned toothed portion part
Index is measured.
Accordingly, due to not influenceed by the direction of the tooth of toothed portion part, so engaging, being fitted together to for toothed portion part can be carried out
Evaluation.For example, in the case of for VGR racks, the flank of tooth of rack tooth is made up of curved surface, so will can not be used in OPD
Reference pins configured in a manner of with flank of tooth linear contact lay, the measure of rack tooth can not be carried out, if but spheroid, then can with tooth
The mode of millet cake contact configures, therefore can carry out the measure of rack tooth.In addition, in the case of for spline, by making spheroid
Rotated along the teeth groove of full spline, the chimeric evaluation of complete cycle can be carried out in the chimeric length of spline.
Brief description of the drawings
By the detailed description carried out referring to the drawings to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is of the invention above-mentioned and
Further feature and advantage can become more fully apparent, wherein, identical reference represents identical key element, wherein,
Fig. 1 is the rack tooth and spline for the assay method for possessing the toothed portion part that can be applied to embodiments of the present invention
Automobile the overall sketch of steering system.
Fig. 2 is the axis body axial sectional view of Fig. 1 steering column.
Fig. 3 is the little gear axial sectional view of Fig. 1 pinion-and-rack steering device.
Fig. 4 is the top view of the rack for the pinion-and-rack steering device for representing Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is to represent the measure device of toothed portion part and the figure of rack tooth in embodiments of the present invention.
The flow chart of action when Fig. 6 is for illustrating the measure device measure rack tooth by toothed portion part.
Fig. 7 is the flow chart for illustrating the continuity of the action of the measure device of toothed portion part.
Fig. 8 is the stereogram for illustrating the determining method of the Y direction in the teeth groove of rack tooth.
Fig. 9 is the stereogram for illustrating the determining method of the origin in the teeth groove of rack tooth.
Figure 10 be for illustrate the X-axis in the teeth groove of rack tooth, Z-direction determining method stereogram.
Figure 11 is the error for illustrating the Z-direction of actual motion track and planned course in the teeth groove of rack tooth
Obtain the stereogram of method.
Figure 12 is the result being determined by the measure device of toothed portion part to underproof rack, is in longitudinal axis table
Show the error between actual motion track and planned course and the figure of the axial location of rack tooth is represented in transverse axis.
Figure 13 is to be represented in the longitudinal axis by moment of torsion caused by the pinion-and-rack steering device with underproof rack simultaneously
And the figure of the axial location of rack tooth is represented in transverse axis.
Figure 14 is the result being determined by the measure device of toothed portion part to qualified rack, is represented in the longitudinal axis
The figure of error between actual motion track and planned course and the axial location in transverse axis expression rack tooth.
Figure 15 be represent by moment of torsion caused by the pinion-and-rack steering device with qualified rack in the longitudinal axis and
The figure of the axial location of rack tooth is represented in transverse axis.
Figure 16 is the measure device of toothed portion part and the figure of radially inner side spline for representing embodiments of the present invention.
Figure 17 is for illustrating action when being measured by the measure device of toothed portion part to radially inner side spline
Flow chart.
Figure 18 is for illustrating the Y direction in the teeth groove of radially inner side spline, X-direction and the decision of Z-direction
The axis body axial sectional view of the upper axle of method.
Figure 19 is the figure from axis body end on observation Figure 18 upper axle.
Figure 20 is for illustrating that the actual motion track in the teeth groove based on radially inner side spline and planned course obtain half
The axis body axial sectional view of the upper axle of the method for footpath error.
Figure 21 be from axis body end on observation be used for illustrate the teeth groove based on radially inner side spline in actual motion track with
Planned course obtains the figure of the upper axle of the method for phase error.
Figure 22 is the result being determined by the measure device of toothed portion part to underproof upper axle, is in longitudinal axis table
Show radius error and the figure of the axial location of spline is represented in transverse axis.
Figure 23 is the result being determined by the measure device of toothed portion part to underproof upper axle, is in longitudinal axis table
Show phase error and the figure of the axial location of spline is represented in transverse axis.
Figure 24 is the result being determined by the measure device of toothed portion part to qualified upper axle, is represented in the longitudinal axis
Radius error and the figure that the axial location of spline is represented in transverse axis.
Figure 25 is the result being determined by the measure device of toothed portion part to qualified upper axle, is represented in the longitudinal axis
Phase error and the figure that the axial location of spline is represented in transverse axis.
Figure 26 is the figure for illustrating the high site of spheroid of the spheroid of the measure device of toothed portion part.
Embodiment
As the toothed portion part of the assay method for the toothed portion part that can apply an embodiment of the invention, to be formed
The rack shaft of rack tooth and foring is illustrated exemplified by the steering spindle of spline, but the application of the present invention is not limited to
Rack tooth and spline.It is described with reference to the steering system for possessing the automobile of rack tooth and spline.
As shown in figure 1, the steering system of automobile possess for driver operation steering wheel 1, with steering wheel 1 link
Steering spindle 2, wrap up the steering column 15 of steering spindle 2, pinion-and-rack steering device 14, by steering spindle 2 and rack and pinion steering
The connected jackshaft 3 of device 14 and deflecting roller 7a, 7b for linking with the front end of pinion-and-rack steering device 14 etc..
Steering column 15 possesses the upper axle 16 to be extended out from the side of steering wheel 1 and extended out down from steering box GB sides
Axle 17.Moreover, as shown in Fig. 2 upper axle 16 and lower axle 17 are by being arranged at the radially inner side spline 18 of upper axle 16 and being arranged at down
The external diameter spline 19 of axle 17 is chimeric.Thus, upper axle 16 turns into the construction that can be shunk with lower axle 17, when can absorb vehicle collision
Impact.In addition, in Fig. 1, the part for surrounding steering spindle 2 is omitted.
Pinion-and-rack steering device 14 possesses the pinion shaft 4 as the input shaft, (axle of rack shaft 5 as output shaft
Shape part) and rack housing 10 that they are housed etc..Bulb 6a, 6b in linking at the both ends of rack shaft 5.Such as figure
Shown in 3, rack tooth 9 is formed in rack shaft 5, the pinion gear teeth 8 engaged with rack tooth 9 is formed in pinion shaft 4.
Rack shaft 5 passes through rack guide 11, the bullet with above-mentioned 4 opposite side of pinion shaft that are configured in rack housing 10
Spring 12 and guiding connector 13, form with pinion shaft 4 and engage.That is, rack guide 11 is with can be at the center with rack shaft 5
The mode that side at a right angle the central axis Lp of axis Lr and pinion shaft 4 moves up is contained in rack housing 10.For tooth
For bar guiding piece 11, a side of moving direction is connected to the circle with 4 opposite side of pinion shaft of rack shaft 5 (on the upside of accompanying drawing)
Side face (circular arc outer peripheral face), the another side of moving direction are installed on rack housing 10 with separating gap (on the downside of accompanying drawing) with screw thread
Guiding connector 13 it is opposed.
Inserted in moreover, spring 12 is situated between rack guide 11 and guiding connector 13.Thus, rack shaft 5 is by spring 12
Elastic force extrudes to pinion shaft 4.By the extruding, pinion gear teeth 8 is engaged with rack tooth 9 with seamless state, even by
Handling maneuver rotates pinion shaft 4, and rack shaft 5 is also without departing from pinion shaft 4.
Rack shaft 5 by the 1st end side for being configured at rack housing 10 rack tooth 9 with the engaging piece of pinion gear teeth 8, with matching somebody with somebody
It is placed in the rack bush branch of the omission diagram with lubricity of the rack housing inner peripheral surface of the 2nd end side of rack housing 10
Hold.Thus, rack shaft 5 is configured to not formed with rack housing 10 and directly contact successfully moved in axis direction.
More than in the steering system of the automobile of such structure, the handling maneuver for putting on steering wheel 1 of driver
Power transmits the revolving force for pinion shaft 4 from steering spindle 2 via jackshaft 3.The revolving force of pinion shaft 4 is transformed to rack shaft
5 axial force, transmitted from interior bulb 6a, 6b with the link of the both ends of rack shaft 5 to deflecting roller 7a, 7b.Moreover, even by turn
Pinion shaft 4 is rotated to manipulation, rack shaft 5 can carry out turning for the high stabilization of rigidity also without departing from pinion shaft 4
To manipulation.
For pinion-and-rack steering device 14, the VGR racks for making steering gear ratio change according to handling maneuver angle are used
That is each key element (modulus of rack tooth 9, pressure angle etc.) different VGR teeth because of the axis direction position of rack shaft 5 of rack tooth 9
Bar.
As shown in figure 4, the central portion (near handling maneuver neutral position) of the rack shaft 5 of VGR racks and both ends are formed
For the 1st rack tooth group 9Pa, 9Pb, 9Pc i.e. constant region of gearratio that the flank of tooth 92 is plane, by the central portion of rack shaft 5 with
The part that both ends clip respectively is formed as the 2nd rack tooth group 9Ca, 9Cb i.e. region of gearratio change that the flank of tooth 92 is curved surface.
VGR racks are formed due to being formed like that with machining (wire pulling method, hobbing are processed) without image of Buddha CGR racks by forging,
So the tooth top 93 in rack tooth 9 forms cydariform (crowning).In addition, between the opposed flank of tooth 92,92 of adjacent rack tooth 9
As teeth groove 91.
Next, it is described with reference to the measure device of the toothed portion part of an embodiment of the invention.Such as Fig. 5 institutes
Show, the measure device 20 of toothed portion part possess measure device 21, planned course acquisition device 22, planned course storage device 23 with
And arithmetic unit 24.Measure device 21 possesses the detector 26 in front end with spheroid 25 and enables detector 26 orthogonal 3
Mobile device 27 of axle (X-axis, Y-axis, Z axis) direction movement etc., in this example, measure device 21 is three with groove profile modeling function
Tie up measuring machine.The measure device 20 of the gear can carry out the measure of rack tooth 9 and radially inner side spline 18, first, to rack
The measure of tooth 9 illustrates, next, being illustrated to the measure of radially inner side spline 18.
In the case where being measured by the measure device 20 of toothed portion part to rack tooth 9, spheroid 25 is formed to
The diameter contacted with the opposed flank of tooth 92 of the formation teeth groove 91 of rack tooth 9.Device 21 is determined by with the tooth with measure object
The opposed flank of tooth 92 of the teeth groove 91 of bar tooth 9 forms a mode for contact and configures spheroid 25 and spheroid 25 is moved along teeth groove 91 simultaneously
When dynamic, the central point Bc of mobile spheroid 25 motion track (hereinafter referred to as actual motion track) is determined as the shape of rack tooth 9
Shape evaluation index.
Using the reasons why spheroid 25 as described below.On the one hand, by the reference pins used in OPD with CGR racks
Rack tooth teeth groove in the central axis of the mode of opposed flank of tooth linear contact lay when being configured be point set.The opposing party
Face, spheroid 25 is configured in a manner of flank of tooth point opposed in the teeth groove of the rack tooth with CGR racks contacts and makes its edge
The central point Bc of spheroid 25 when teeth groove moves track is also the set of point.Moreover, in the case of for VGR racks, rack
The flank of tooth 92 of tooth 9 is made up of curved surface, therefore can not configure reference pins in a manner of with the linear contact lay of the flank of tooth 92, can not carry out rack
The measure of tooth 9, if but spheroid 25, then it can be configured in a manner of being contacted with 92 points of the flank of tooth, therefore rack can be carried out
The measure of tooth 9.
Planned course acquisition device 22 obtains the design data relevant with the teeth groove 91 of the rack tooth 9 in design.Design rail
Mark acquisition device 22 obtain make teeth groove 91 of the spheroid 25 along the design data got move it is rear in the case of spheroid 25 in
Heart point Bc motion track (hereinafter referred to as planned course).The storage of planned course storage device 23 is obtained by planned course to be filled
Put 22 planned courses got.The computing of arithmetic unit 24 is by determining actual motion track that device 21 determines with being stored in
Error between the planned course of planned course storage device 23.
Next, it is described with reference in the case of being measured by the measure device 20 of toothed portion part to rack tooth 9
Action.The measure needs to carry out one by one for the whole rack tooths 9 formed in rack shaft 5, but in the following description
In, as shown in figure 8, belonging to the 2nd rack tooth in the rack tooth 9 effectively engaged with pinion gear teeth 8 (reference picture 3) for measure
The situation of teeth groove 91a between rack tooth 9a, 9b of the group flank of tooth 92a, 92b illustrates.In addition, planned course acquisition device 22
To have obtained the central point for making teeth groove 91 of the spheroid 25 along the rack tooth 9 in design form the spheroid 25 in the case of moving
Bc motion track that is, planned course are simultaneously stored in the device of planned course storage device 23.
First, measure device 21 connects spheroid 25 and multiple phase positions at the first cylinder position described later of rack shaft 5
Touch and (Fig. 6 step S1) be measured to contact position, make spheroid 25 and rack shaft 5 the second cylinder position described later it is more
Individual phase position contacts and contact position is measured (Fig. 6 step S2).Moreover, based on each contact position determined,
Determine the teeth groove 91a of measure object Y direction (Fig. 6 step S3).
Specifically, as shown in figure 8, making the second of spheroid 25 and the rack shaft 5 comprising the rack tooth 9a with flank of tooth 92a
Cylinder position U1 such as 3 phase position P1, P2, P3 contacts are measured to contact position.In the same manner, spheroid 25 and bag are made
First cylinder position U2 of the rack shaft 5 containing the rack tooth 9b with flank of tooth 92b such as 3 phase position P4, P5, P6 contacts
Contact position is measured.Moreover, obtaining the central point T1 by phase position P1, P2, P3 circle, and obtain and pass through phase
The central point T2 of position position P4, P5, P6 circle, will be determined as teeth groove 91a's by each central point T1, T2 straight line L1 direction
Y direction.
Device 21 is determined based on the measure with the circular arc outer peripheral face of teeth groove 91a opposite side positioned at rack shaft 5, determines tooth
Groove 91a datum mark described later, using the datum mark for the teeth groove 91a for determining to come as origin.That is, spheroid 25 and teeth groove 91a are made
Tooth trace (Japanese：Dentistry The じ) direction central contact is measured (Fig. 6 step S4) to Y-axis coordinate value.Moreover, make spheroid
25 contact with the Y-axis coordinate value middle rack axle 5 that determines with multiple positions on teeth groove 91a opposite side surface, to contacting position
Put and be measured (Fig. 6 step S5), determine teeth groove 91a origin (Fig. 6 step S6).
Specifically, as shown in figure 9, the Y-axis that the middle position Pa of teeth groove 91a trace direction is determined by spheroid 25 is sat
Scale value.Moreover, by spheroid 25 determine rack shaft 5 the tested middle position Pa made and with a right angle flat of Y direction
3 positions Q1, Q2, Q3 on the neighboring Q that face Sxz cuttings obtain, datum mark is obtained also according to locate Q1, Q2, Q3
That is neighboring Q center of arc Qc, the center of arc Qc obtained is determined as to teeth groove 91a origin.
Measure device 21 makes tooth top 93a, 93b (reference picture 10) at spheroid 25 and the 2 of clamping teeth groove 91a contact and to contact
Position is measured (Fig. 7 step S7), based on each tooth top position determined, decision teeth groove 91a X-direction and Z axis side
To (two-dimensional coordinate system) (Fig. 7 step S8).
Specifically, as shown in Figure 10, the trace direction by spheroid 25 to tooth top 93a, 93b at the 2 of teeth groove 91a
One end side and 2 positions Pb, Pc of the other end side be measured, 2 positions Pb, Pc straight line Lp1 projections will be passed through
In the plane S at a right angle with Y-axis.Moreover, the direction for projecting obtained straight line Lpp is determined as to teeth groove 91a X-direction, will
Direction at a right angle is determined as Z-direction with the X-direction and Y direction that are determined.
Measure device 21 moves spheroid 25 (Fig. 7 step S9) along teeth groove 91a, in groove 91a coordinate system (X, Y, Z)
Actual motion track of the spheroid 25 in teeth groove 91a is measured (Fig. 7 step S10).Moreover, the computing of arithmetic unit 24 is by surveying
Determine actual motion track that device 21 determines and be stored between the planned course of planned course storage device 23 in Z axis side
Upward error (Fig. 7 step S11, equivalent to the operational process of the present invention), end processing.
Specifically, as shown in figure 11, the actual motion track Rp determined by determining device 21 turns into diagram solid line
Shown bending, the planned course Rd got as planned course acquisition device 22 turn into the bending shown in diagram dotted line,
Therefore the error of their Z-direction is obtained.
Figure 12 represents actual motion track Rp and planned course Rd error in the longitudinal axis, and the axle of rack tooth 9 is represented in transverse axis
To position, and represent the result being determined by the measure device 20 of rack tooth 9 to certain rack shaft 5.It can be seen from Figure 12,
The actual motion track Rp and planned course Rd of the rack shaft 5 error are near the 2nd rack tooth group 9Cb (by diagram dotted line
The part E that circle impales) significantly change.
In the case of the pinion-and-rack steering device 14 for possessing such rack shaft 5, as shown in figure 13, in the 2nd tooth
(the part E impaled by the circle of diagram dotted line) produces the phenomenon that rises suddenly and sharply of moment of torsion near bar tooth group 9Cb.Distinguish for the rack shaft 5
To be unqualified.In addition, Figure 13 represents to make pinion gear teeth 8 when the axis direction of rack tooth 9 moves back and forth.
On the other hand, Figure 14 is the figure accordingly represented with Figure 12, represents the measure device 20 by rack tooth 9 to other
The result that rack shaft 5 is determined.It can be seen from Figure 14, the actual motion track Rp's and planned course Rd of the rack shaft 5
Error does not change significantly.In the case of the pinion-and-rack steering device 14 for possessing such rack shaft 5, such as with Figure 13 pairs
Shown in the Figure 15 answered, the phenomenon that rises suddenly and sharply of moment of torsion does not occur, obtains the moment of torsion of constant.Distinguish that for the rack shaft 5 be qualified.
As previously discussed, distinguish that the measurement result for the measure device 20 in the rack tooth 9 of present embodiment (is missed track
Difference) with pinion-and-rack steering device 14 in gear performance (torque waveform) be in dependency relation.Therefore, present embodiment
The measure device 20 of rack tooth 9 can evaluate the engagement of VGR racks.Further, since can make the cydariform of rack tooth 9 position and
Value, formation are quantized and visualized, so reflection can be formed to the manufacturing condition comprising plastic working.
Next, the assay method of the toothed portion part of an embodiment of the invention is used for radially inner side spline by explanation
Method for measuring.As shown in figure 16, radially inner side spline 18 is measured in the measure device 20 by toothed portion part
In the case of, spheroid 25 is formed to the diameter contacted with the opposed flank of tooth 82 of the formation teeth groove 81 of radially inner side spline 18.
The side that measure device 21 flank of tooth 82 opposed in the teeth groove 81 of the radially inner side spline 18 with measure object contacts with time point
Formula configures to spheroid 25, make spheroid 25 along teeth groove 81 move when, by the central point Bc of mobile spheroid 25 motion track
(hereinafter referred to as actual motion track) is determined as the shape evaluation index of radially inner side spline 18.
Planned course acquisition device 22 obtains the design data relevant with the teeth groove 81 of the radially inner side spline 18 in design.
Planned course acquisition device 22, which obtains, to be made in the case that teeth groove 81 of the spheroid 25 along accessed design data form and move
Spheroid 25 central point Bc motion track (hereinafter referred to as planned course).Planned course storage device 23 is stored by designing
The planned course that track acquisition device 22 is got.Arithmetic unit 24 is based on the actual motion track being measured to by measure device 21
Planned course with being stored in planned course storage device 23, computing radius error described later and phase error.
Next, in the case of being measured for the measure device 20 by toothed portion part to radially inner side spline 18
Action, is described with reference to the accompanying drawings.The measure needs in effective chimeric length (reference picture 18) i.e. in the axial direction from radial direction
In the chimeric effective scope for the length T that the initiating terminal To of inner side spline 18 is started at, to inside in whole footpaths that upper axle 16 is formed
Side spline 18 is carried out one by one.In addition, planned course acquisition device 22 is to have obtained the radially inner side spline along in design
18 full groove 81 make in effective chimeric length T (reference picture 18) spheroid 25 form it is mobile after in the case of spheroid 25
Central point Bc motion track that is, planned course, it is stored in the device of planned course storage device 23.
First, measure device 21 makes spheroid 25 be spent in the defined axial location of the inner circumferential of upper axle 16 with multiple radially inner sides
Tooth top 83 (reference picture 16) contact of key 18, is measured (Figure 17 step S21) to contact position.Next, make spheroid 25
In the different axial location of the axial location with before of the inner circumferential of upper axle 16, connect with the tooth top 83 of multiple radially inner side splines 18
Touch, contact position is measured (Figure 17 step S22).Moreover, determining Y direction based on each contact position, and determine
X, Z-direction (three-dimensional system of coordinate) (Figure 17 step S23).
Specifically, as shown in Figure 18 and Figure 19, spheroid 25 is made in the effectively chimeric length of radially inner side spline 18
Defined axial location Y1, such as contacted with the tooth top 83 of 3 phase positions V1, V2, V3 radially inner side spline 18, to contact
Position is measured.In the same manner, defined axial location of the spheroid 25 in the effectively chimeric length of radially inner side spline 18 is made
Y2, contacted with the tooth top 83 of 3 phase positions V1, V2, V3 of identical radially inner side spline 18 before, contact position is entered
Row measure.
Moreover, obtain the circle B1 of phase position V1, V2, V3 by axial location Y1 center C1 and pass through axial location
Y2 phase position V1, V2, V3 circle B2 center C2, it is inside that the direction by center C1, C2 straight line L11 is determined as footpath
The Y direction of the teeth groove 81 of side spline 18.Moreover, on the plane H at a right angle with straight line L11, will be horizontally extending
Straight line L12 is determined as the X-direction of teeth groove 81, and the straight line L13 at a right angle with straight line L11 and straight line L12 is determined as into teeth groove 81
Z-direction.
Measure device 21 make spheroid 25 radially inner side spline 18 each teeth groove 81 it is effective be fitted together to length in move (Figure 17
Step S24), actual motion track of the spheroid 25 at each teeth groove 81 in the coordinate system (X, Y, Z) of each teeth groove 81 is surveyed
Fixed (Figure 17 step S25).Moreover, arithmetic unit 24 is based on by determining actual motion track and the storage that device 21 determines
In the planned course of planned course storage device 23, pair radius error and phase error carry out computing (Figure 17 step S26, phase
When in the operational process of the present invention), end processing.
Specifically, as shown in figure 20, by determining actual motion track Wp that device 21 determines solid line institute as shown
Show like that, the planned course Wd got by planned course acquisition device 22 is such shown in dotted line as shown, therefore will be actual
The error of the distance between distance and planned course Wd and straight line L11 between motion track Wp and straight line L11 is asked as radius error
Go out.
In addition, as shown in figure 21, moved at by the teeth groove 81a of the initiating terminal To positioned at radially inner side spline 18 by actual
When dynamic rail mark Wp and straight line L11 straight line k1 phase is set to 0, reality will be passed through at the teeth groove 81b abutted therewith counterclockwise
Motion track Wp and straight line L11 straight line k2 phase, θ 1 is set to relative to straight line k1, and will be further counterclockwise
By actual motion track Wp and straight line L11 straight line k3 phase at adjacent teeth groove 81c, it is set to θ's 2 relative to straight line k2
Mode, whole teeth groove 81a, 81b, 81c ... phase are obtained in effective chimeric length as actual phase.On the other hand,
With identical order, for planned course Wd, also whole teeth groove 81a, 81b, 81c ... phase are made in effective chimeric length
Obtained for designed phase.Then, the error between actual phase and designed phase is obtained as phase error.
Figure 22 represents radius error in the longitudinal axis, and the axial location of the teeth groove 81 of radially inner side spline 18 is represented in transverse axis, and
Represent the result being determined by the measure device 20 of toothed portion part to teeth groove 81a.It can be seen from Figure 22, radially inner side flower
The radius error of key 18 is from the position using the initiating terminal To of radially inner side spline 18 as starting point advance length T1T in the axial direction
Set out to length T (the part E1 impaled by the circle of diagram dotted line) exceed permissible value-Δ r.
In addition, Figure 23 represents phase error in the longitudinal axis, the axial position of the teeth groove 81 of radially inner side spline 18 is represented in transverse axis
Put, and represent the result being determined by the measure device 20 of toothed portion part to teeth groove 81a.It can be seen from Figure 23, radially
The phase error of inner side spline 18 is from using the initiating terminal To of radially inner side spline 18 as starting point advance length T2T in the axial direction
Position set out to length T (the part E2 impaled by the circle of diagram dotted line) exceed permissible value-Δ θ.Possessing
In the case of the steering column 15 of such radially inner side spline 18, resistance to sliding during contraction becomes big, distinguishes for the radially inner side
Spline 18 is unqualified.
On the other hand, Figure 24 is the figure accordingly shown with Figure 22, represents the measure device 20 by toothed portion part to it
The result that its radially inner side spline 18 is determined.It can be seen from Figure 24, the radius error of the radially inner side spline 18 not compared with
The earth changes.In addition, Figure 25 is the figure accordingly shown with Figure 23, represent the measure device 20 by toothed portion part to other footpaths
The result being determined to inner side spline 18.It can be seen from Figure 25, the phase error of the radially inner side spline 18 is not significantly
Change.In the case of the steering column 15 for possessing such radially inner side spline 18, resistance to sliding during contraction will not become big, sentence
Bright is that the radially inner side spline 18 is qualified.
In the above-described embodiment, measure device 21 is configured to survey the central point Bc of spheroid 25 motion track
It is fixed, but can also be configured to be measured the motion track in the high site of spheroid of spheroid 25.As shown in figure 25, the ball of spheroid 25
The high site Bo of body refers to the straight line Lz at a right angle with the central axis Lr of rack shaft 5 i.e. by the spheroid 25 in teeth groove 91
Central point Bc straight line Lz, and the point intersected with the outer peripheral face of 91 opposite side of teeth groove of spheroid 25.In addition, for radially inner side
In the case of spline 18, it can similarly apply.
In addition, in mensuration operation (measure device 21), in rack tooth 9, with orthogonal 2 axis coordinate system in three-dimensional system of coordinate
(X, Z) is determined, but can also be measured with circle coordinates system (polar coordinates).In addition, in radially inner side spline 18, with three
Orthogonal 3 axis coordinate system (X, Y, Z) in dimension coordinate system is determined, but can also be with cylindrical-coordinate system (the one of polar coordinate system
Kind) be measured.
In addition, measure device 21 be the three-dimensional measurement machine with groove profile modeling function, but can also be for can be 2 sides
Output has carried out form measuring instrument, the optical detecting machine of the function of whole point coordinates values of profiling measure on direction more than
Deng.In addition, the measure of VGR racks is illustrated, but CGR racks also can be determined similarly.In addition, radially inner side is spent
The measure of key 18 is illustrated, but external diameter spline 19 also can be determined similarly.In addition, helical gear, bevel gear also can be same
Determine sample.
Next, the effect of present embodiment is described.(rack tooth 9, footpath are inside for the toothed portion part of present embodiment
Side spline 18) assay method possess spheroid 25 will be made along toothed portion part (rack tooth 9, radially inner side spline 18) teeth groove 91,
81 actual motion track Rp, Wp for foring the spheroid 25 after movement are determined as toothed portion part (rack tooth 9, radially inner side spline
18) mensuration operation of shape evaluation index.
Accordingly, due to not influenceed by the direction of the tooth of toothed portion part, so engaging, being fitted together to for toothed portion part can be carried out
Evaluation.For example, in the case of for VGR racks, the flank of tooth 92 of rack tooth 9 is made up of curved surface, therefore will can not be made in OPD
Reference pins are configured in a manner of forming linear contact lay with the flank of tooth 92, can not carry out the measure of rack tooth 9, if but spheroid 25,
It can then be configured by being formed with the flank of tooth 92 in a manner of point contacts, therefore the measure of rack tooth 9 can be carried out.In addition, for radially
, can be in the chimeric length of radially inner side spline 18 by making spheroid 25 be rotated along whole teeth groove 81 in the case of inner side spline 18
Chimeric on complete cycle is evaluated in degree L.
In addition, in mensuration operation, the central point Bc of spheroid 25 actual motion track is measured, therefore being capable of letter
Change places and determine the mobile status of spheroid 25.In addition, in mensuration operation, due to the actual shifting of the high site Bo of spheroid to spheroid 25
Dynamic rail mark is measured, so can carry out with being evaluated using the OPD identicals of reference pins.
In addition, the assay method of toothed portion part (rack tooth 9, radially inner side spline 18) possesses acquisition and makes spheroid 25 along design
On gear (rack tooth 9, radially inner side spline 18) teeth groove 91,81 form it is mobile in the case of spheroid 25 moving rail
Mark that is, planned course Rd, Wd acquisition process and computing are by actual motion track Rp, Wp that mensuration operation determines with leading to
Cross the operational process for obtaining the error between planned course Rd, Wd that process is got.Thereby, it is possible to carry out toothed portion part (tooth
Bar tooth 9, radially inner side spline 18) good and bad judgement.
In addition, in the case where being to form the rack shaft 5 of rack tooth 9 for toothed portion part, in mensuration operation, based on
The measure being located at the circular arc outer peripheral face (neighboring Q) of the opposite side of teeth groove 91 of each rack tooth 9 of rack shaft 5, determine each
The datum mark (center of arc Qc) of teeth groove 91, and using the datum mark of each teeth groove 91 determined as origin in the case of, to ball
The actual motion track Rp at each rack tooth 9 of body 25 is measured, therefore can improve the actual motion track of spheroid 25
Rp measurement accuracy.
In addition, in mensuration operation, in the case where the axis direction of rack shaft 5 is set into Y-axis, based on each rack tooth 9
Tooth top 93 measure, determine the two-dimensional coordinate system of the plane orthogonal to Y-axis for each teeth groove 91, determined for each
In the two-dimensional coordinate system of teeth groove 91, the actual motion track Rp for each rack tooth 9 of spheroid 25 is measured, therefore can
Further improve the actual motion track Rp of spheroid 25 measurement accuracy.In addition, it is the tooth for foring rack tooth 9 in toothed portion part
In the case of bar axle 5, the assay method of toothed portion part is applied to the rack that gearratio changes in the axis direction of rack shaft 5
Axle, therefore rack tooth 9 can be directly evaluated, compared with existing rack assay method, realize the raising of measurement accuracy.
In addition, in the case where toothed portion part is to form the part of radially inner side spline 18, in mensuration operation, it is based on
The measure of the tooth top 83 of each radially inner side spline 18, the three-dimensional system of coordinate of the teeth groove 81 for each radially inner side spline 18 is determined,
In the three-dimensional system of coordinate determined, the actual motion track Wp for each radially inner side spline 18 of spheroid 25 is surveyed
It is fixed, therefore can further improve the actual motion track Wp of spheroid 25 measurement accuracy.
In addition, the shape of the teeth groove 91,81 to the toothed portion part (rack tooth 9, radially inner side spline 18) of present embodiment
The measure device 20 for the toothed portion part (rack tooth 9, radially inner side spline 18) being measured possesses following measure device 21, surveys
Device 21 is determined when making teeth groove 91,815 of the spheroid 2 along toothed portion part (rack tooth 9, radially inner side spline 18) form mobile,
The shape that the actual motion track of the spheroid 25 moved is determined as to toothed portion part (rack tooth 9, radially inner side spline 18) is commented
Valency index.In addition, the measure device 20 of toothed portion part (rack tooth 9, radially inner side spline 18), which possesses storage, makes spheroid 25 along setting
The teeth groove 91,81 of toothed portion part (rack tooth 9, radially inner side spline 18) on meter forms the spheroid 25 in the case of movement
The storage device 23 and computing of motion track that is, planned course are by determining actual motion track that device 21 determines with depositing
The arithmetic unit 24 for the error being stored between the planned course of storage device 23.Thereby, it is possible to obtain and by toothed portion part (tooth
Bar tooth 9, radially inner side spline 18) the effect identical effect that can obtain of assay method.
The application advocate on April 6th, 2016 propose Japanese patent application 2016-076291 priority and in
On December 1st, 2016 propose Japanese patent application 2016-233721 priority, and be hereby incorporated including its specification,
The full content of accompanying drawing and summary.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. assay method of toothed portion part, it is characterised in thatInclude mensuration operation：The actual motion track of the spheroid obtained from teeth groove of the spheroid along toothed portion part being moved is made Shape evaluation index for the toothed portion part is measured.
- 2. the assay method of toothed portion part according to claim 1, it is characterised in thatIn the mensuration operation, the actual motion track of the central point of the spheroid is measured.
- 3. the assay method of toothed portion part according to claim 1, it is characterised in thatIn the mensuration operation, the actual motion track in the high site of spheroid of the spheroid is measured.
- 4. the assay method of the toothed portion part according to any one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterised in thatThe assay method of the toothed portion part possesses：Obtain process, obtain make the teeth groove of the spheroid along the toothed portion part in design move in the case of the ball The motion track that is, planned course of body；WithOperational process, computing is by the actual motion track that the mensuration operation determines with being obtained by the acquisition process Error between the planned course got.
- 5. the assay method of toothed portion part according to claim 4, it is characterised in thatThe toothed portion part is the shaft like parts formed with rack tooth,In the mensuration operation,The measure of circular arc outer peripheral face based on the teeth groove opposite side with rack tooth positioned at each shaft like parts, determines each institute The datum mark of teeth groove is stated,In the case of using the datum mark of each teeth groove determined as origin, each rack is directed to the spheroid The actual motion track of tooth is measured.
- 6. the assay method of toothed portion part according to claim 5, it is characterised in thatIn the mensuration operation,In the case where the axis direction of the shaft like parts is set into Y-axis, the measure of the tooth top based on each rack tooth, certainly The two-dimensional coordinate system of the fixed plane orthogonal with the Y-axis for each teeth groove,In the two-dimensional coordinate system for each teeth groove determined, to the spheroid for each rack tooth Actual motion track is measured.
- 7. the assay method of the toothed portion part according to claims 1 to 3,5 and 6, it is characterised in thatThe toothed portion part is the rack shaft formed with rack tooth,The assay method of the toothed portion part is applied to the rack shaft that gearratio changes on the axis direction of rack shaft.
- 8. the assay method of toothed portion part according to claim 4, it is characterised in thatThe toothed portion part is the part formed with spline,In the mensuration operation,The measure of tooth top based on each spline, the three-dimensional system of coordinate of the teeth groove for each spline is determined,In the three-dimensional system of coordinate determined, the actual motion track for each spline of the spheroid is surveyed It is fixed.
- 9. a kind of measure device of toothed portion part, it is the measure device being measured to the shape of the teeth groove of toothed portion part,The measure device of the toothed portion part is characterised by,Possesses measure device, the measure device will form when foring teeth groove of the spheroid along the toothed portion part to move The actual motion track of the mobile spheroid is measured as the shape evaluation index of the toothed portion part.
- 10. the measure device of toothed portion part according to claim 9,The measure device of the toothed portion part is characterised by possessing：Planned course storage device, it, which is stored, makes teeth groove of the spheroid along the toothed portion part in design form what is moved In the case of the spheroid motion track that is, planned course；WithArithmetic unit, the actual motion track and be stored in the design rail that its computing is determined by the measure device Error between the planned course of mark storage device.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2016076291 | 2016-04-06 | ||
| JP2016-076291 | 2016-04-06 | ||
| JP2016-233721 | 2016-12-01 | ||
| JP2016233721A JP6862636B2 (en) | 2016-04-06 | 2016-12-01 | Gear measuring method and measuring device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107449604A true CN107449604A (en) | 2017-12-08 |
| CN107449604B CN107449604B (en) | 2021-07-16 |
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ID=60085844
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710212975.4A Active CN107449604B (en) | 2016-04-06 | 2017-04-01 | Method and apparatus for measuring toothed member |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP6862636B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN107449604B (en) |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP6862636B2 (en) | 2021-04-21 |
| JP2017191087A (en) | 2017-10-19 |
| CN107449604B (en) | 2021-07-16 |
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