CN107447539B

CN107447539B - High-elasticity electric heating fiber and preparation method and application thereof

Info

Publication number: CN107447539B
Application number: CN201610370325.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙静; 程荫; 王冉冉; 王焱
Original assignee: Shanghai Institute of Ceramics of CAS
Current assignee: Shanghai Institute of Ceramics of CAS
Priority date: 2016-05-30
Filing date: 2016-05-30
Publication date: 2020-02-14
Anticipated expiration: 2036-05-30
Also published as: CN107447539A

Abstract

The invention provides a high-elasticity electric heating fiber and a preparation method and application thereof. The fiber provided by the invention can still keep stable electric heating performance under the deformation conditions of stretching, bending, twisting and the like.

Description

High-elasticity electric heating fiber and preparation method and application thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to a high-elasticity electric heating fiber and a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of flexibility and wearable electronics and new materials.

Background

Wearable electric heating device, mainly used provides cold-proof and thermotherapy application. The electric heating device based on the resistance joule heating type is most hopefully and widely applied to wearable devices due to easy processing, convenient regulation and control and high-efficiency energy conversion. The traditional material for electrical heating is mainly indium-doped tin oxide (ITO), but due to its brittleness, it is difficult to achieve good applications in wearable fields with high requirements on flexibility and even stretchability. In recent years, some nanomaterials having excellent electrical conductivity and mechanical flexibility, such as carbon nanotubes [ reference 1 ], graphene [ reference 2 ], metal nanowires [ reference 3 ], and mixed materials thereof [ reference 4 ], have begun to be applied as heating materials to electric resistance heating devices. There are two important issues to consider when applying to wearable electrical heating devices. On the one hand, most wearable electric heating devices use a flexible polymer film as a substrate [ refer to documents 5 and 6 ], which causes a problem of wearing comfort due to poor air permeability when worn for a long time. On the other hand, in daily wear, the electric heating device needs to be able to still maintain stable operation under external mechanical action, which is not reached by most wearable electric heating devices [ refer to documents 7 and 8 ]. At present, no electric heating fiber and electric heating fabric woven by the electric heating fiber can provide effective electric heating performance under various mechanical impacts, such as bending, twisting and stretching. For example, CN204808061U discloses a wearable temperature control device, but its patch type heat-generating sheet will affect the air permeability after wearing; CN204581658U discloses a heating vest for promoting scapulohumeral periarthritis therapy, which comprises a cloth-made cape vest and a heating device, but its electric heating block is composed of an electric heating wire coated with resin on the outer side, so that it cannot keep normal operation when it is stretched and deformed. Therefore, it is important to develop a manufacturing method of a flexible stretchable wearable electric heating device which is simple in process and easy to operate, but to the knowledge of the inventor of the present invention, no effective method has been developed so far.

Documents of the prior art

Non-patent document 1

D.Janas,K.K.Koziol,Carbon 2013,59,457.

Non-patent document 2

M.K.Choi,I.Park,D.C.Kim,E.Joh,O.K.Park,J.Kim,M.Kim,C.Choi,J.Yang,K.W.Cho,J.-H.Hwang,J.-M.Nam,T.Hyeon,J.H.Kim,D.-H.Kim,Adv.Funct.Mater.2015,25,7109.

Non-patent document 3

J.Chen,J.Chen,Y.Li,W.Zhou,X.Feng,Q.Huang,J.G.Zheng,R.Liu,Y.Ma,W.Huang,Nanoscale 2015,7,16874.

Non-patent document 4

X.Zhang,X.Yan,J.Chen,J.Zhao,Carbon 2014,69,437.

Non-patent document 5

S.Choi,J.Park,W.Hyun,J.Kim,J.Kim,Y.B.Lee,C.Song,H.J.Hwang,J.H.Kim,T.Hyeon,D.-H.Kim,Acs Nano 2015,9,6626.

Non-patent document 6

J.kim, m.lee, h.j.shim, r.ghaffari, h.r.cho, d.son, y.h.jung, m.soh, c.choi, s.jung, k.c hu, d.jeon, s.t.lee, j.h.kim, s.h.choi, t.hyeon, d.h.kim, nat.commun.2014,5,5747 non-patent document 7

P.c. hsu, x.liu, c.liu, x.xie, h.r.lee, a.j.welch, t.zhao, y.cui, nanolett.2015,15,365. non-patent document 8

M.J.Rahman,T.Mieno,J Nanomater.2015,2015,1.

Patent documents:

patent document 1: CN204808061U

Patent document 2: CN 204581658U.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above problems, the present invention aims to provide a high-elasticity electrical heating fiber, a preparation method and an application thereof.

Here, in one aspect, the present invention provides a highly elastic electric heating fiber comprising:

the elastic support body is composed of spiral yarns loaded with conductive materials and elastic polymers which penetrate into the spiral yarns and wrap the outer surfaces of the spiral yarns.

In the high-elasticity electric heating fiber provided by the invention, firstly, conductive materials, such as metal nano particles, metal nano wires, conductive polymers and the like are loaded on the spiral yarns to form a net-shaped conductive path, and the conductive materials in the spiral yarns can effectively generate heat by utilizing the Joule effect after the spiral yarns are electrified. Next, in the present invention, the elastic support body fills the inside (lumen) of the spiral yarn and covers the outer surface of the spiral yarn, that is, the spiral yarn loaded with the conductive material is completely embedded in the elastic support body, so that the elastic support body can cover the spiral yarn loaded with the conductive material by 360 degrees, and more specifically, the elastic support body not only forms the elastic coating layer on the outer surface of the spiral yarn but also forms the elastic filling body in the lumen of the spiral yarn and forms the stretchable elastic connecting body between the adjacent turns, and by means of the elastic support body, it is ensured that the spiral structure is reliably maintained while the spiral yarn is stretched and the conductive path is maintained (the spiral yarn is stretched (i.e., the pitch becomes large) under the deformation conditions of stretching, bending, twisting, etc., but the spirally wound long yarn itself is not broken, the integrity of the conductive path of the conductive material carried thereon is still achieved), and on the other hand, the helical yarn is able to recover its original shape by virtue of the elastic recovery of the elastic support when the external force is removed. In addition, the elastic support body coats the spiral yarn loaded with the conductive material for 360 degrees, so that the conductive material (such as metal nanowires) forming a conductive network can be better nailed on the surface of the spirally wound long fiber. Thus. The fiber provided by the invention can still keep stable electric heating performance under the deformation conditions of stretching, bending, twisting and the like.

The resistance of the high-elasticity electric heating fiber in unit length is adjustable between 0.1 and 1000 omega/cm. The resistance per unit length of the high-elasticity electric heating fiber can be adjusted by adjusting the type and the loading amount of the high-elasticity electric heating fiber conductive material.

Preferably, the helical yarn may be a single fabric filament or a plurality of fabric filaments in a single strand, spirally wound in an "S" or "Z" pattern.

Preferably, the helical yarn comprises various types of artificial and/or natural fibers, such as at least one of polyester, nylon, acrylic, spandex, and cotton fibers.

Preferably, the spiral diameter of the spiral yarn is adjustable between 50 um to 1000um, and the diameter of the formed yarn long fiber (spiral yarn) is adjustable between 5um to 100 um.

Preferably, the conductive material is at least one of a metal nanoparticle, a metal nanowire and a conductive polymer, such as a coating formed of at least one of a metal nanoparticle, a metal nanowire, a metal nanoplate and a conductive polymer.

Preferably, the elastic polymer may be an elastic rubber, including various types of elastic rubbers such as Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and/or polyurethane.

On the other hand, the invention also provides a preparation method of the high-elasticity electric heating fiber, firstly, coating the conductive material on the spiral yarn to form the spiral yarn loaded with the conductive material; and secondly, carrying out infiltration coating and in-situ curing on the spiral yarn loaded with the conductive material by adopting a liquid elastic polymer.

The invention adopts the liquid elastic polymer to carry out permeation coating and in-situ solidification on the spiral yarn loaded with the conductive material, and can simultaneously form an elastic coating layer on the outer surface of the spiral yarn, fill an elastic filling body in the inner cavity of the spiral yarn and form an elastic connecting body between adjacent spiral rings of the spiral yarn by a simple method, and the preparation method is simple and reliable.

The method for coating the conductive material on the spiral yarn is a liquid phase coating method, preferably a dip coating method, and the resistance value per unit length of the high-elasticity electrically heated fiber is controlled by the number of times of coating.

After the conductive material is coated, the conductive material is post-treated to further enhance the bonding strength and conductivity of the conductive material layer to the spiral yarn, for example, the conductive material layer is coated with metal nanowires and then is subjected to hydrogen plasma treatment, and the conductive material layer is coated with metal nanoparticles and then is subjected to annealing treatment.

In still another aspect, the present invention provides an electrically heated fabric comprising any one of the above highly elastic electrically heated fibers.

The electrically heated fabric may be a wearable electrically heated article.

According to the invention, the wearable electric heating object is obtained by assembling and integrating an electric heating fabric woven by the high-elasticity electric heating fibers and the wearable object; or the high-elasticity electric heating fiber is woven into a wearable object.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an SEM photograph of S-shaped helical polyester fiber yarns used in examples 1-3;

FIG. 2 is an SEM image of a spiral yarn of example 5 after being impregnated with copper nanowires and subjected to hydrogen plasma treatment;

FIG. 3 is an SEM image of the highly elastic electrically heated fiber of example 2;

FIG. 4a is a drawing of a highly elastic electrically heated fiber of example 5;

FIG. 4b is the variation of the resistance per unit length of the high elastic electric heating fiber with the number of dip coating in example 5;

FIG. 5 is an infrared photograph of the electrically heated fiber obtained in example 5 after energization (a), bending (b), twisting (c) and stretching (d);

FIG. 6 is a schematic representation of an electrically heated fabric obtained in example 6;

fig. 7 is a pictorial view (a) of a smart wearable electrically heated knee pad obtained in example 7, together with ir photographs before and after energization (b, c);

fig. 8 is a real object diagram (a) of the smart wearable electric heating jacket obtained in example 8, and infrared photographs before and after power-on (b, c);

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating the operation and the composition of a smart wearable electric heating system according to an example of the present invention, including electrically heated fabrics, various types of clothing, or other wearable items; the system comprises a micro control chip and intelligent terminal equipment;

fig. 10 is a block diagram of a smart wearable electric heating system according to an example of the present invention;

fig. 11 is a block diagram showing the structure of a smart wearable electric heating system of a specific structure of a control unit;

fig. 12 is a block diagram of a terminal device of the intelligent wearable electric heating system.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings, it being understood that the drawings and the following embodiments are illustrative of the invention only and are not limiting.

The high-elasticity electric heating fiber comprises a spiral yarn loaded with a conductive material and an elastic support body formed by an elastic polymer which is infiltrated and wrapped in the inner part and the outer surface of the spiral yarn.

The helical yarn may be a single fabric filament or a plurality of fabric filaments in a single strand, spirally wound in an "S" or "Z" pattern, but is not limited thereto. The long fibers forming the helical yarn include, but are not limited to, various types of artificial or natural fibers, such as polyester, nylon, acrylic, spandex, cotton, and the like. The spiral diameter of the spiral yarn is adjustable between 50-1000 um, preferably between 300-600 um. Through making the spiral diameter adjustable between 50 ~ 1000um, can not excessively increase the diameter of high elasticity electrical heating fibre, still can maintain the normal fever of the conducting material layer of load in heliciform yarn surface under various deformations simultaneously. The diameter of the yarn long fiber is adjustable between 5-100 um, preferably between 5-20 um, and the fiber diameter can be adjusted according to the geometric dimension of the conductive material, so that the adsorption effect is optimized. The helical yarn preferably forms a helix with interstices, allowing the elastomeric polymer to readily penetrate into the interior and form an elastic connection between adjacent turns.

The conductive material loaded on the surface of the helical yarn is only required to generate heat after being electrified, and includes, but is not limited to, metal nanoparticles, metal nanowires, metal nanosheets, and conductive polymers. The material of the metal nanoparticles, metal nanowires, and/or metal nanosheets includes, but is not limited to, silver, copper, gold, and the like. The metal nanoparticles may have a particle size of 5 to 100 nm. The length of the minor axis of the metal nanowire can be 5-100 nm, and the length of the major axis can be 50-100000 nm. The metal nano-sheet has a sheet diameter of 10-100 nm and a BET specific surface area of 0.1-3 m²(ii) in terms of/g. Conductive polymers include, but are not limited to, polyaniline, PEDOT: PSS (poly (3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene) -poly (styrenesulfonic acid)), polypyrrole, and the like. The resistance value of the high-elasticity electric heating fiber in unit length can be regulated and controlled by regulating the type and the loading amount of the conductive material, so that the heating performance of the high-elasticity electric heating fiber can be regulated. For example, the resistance per unit length of the high-elasticity electric heating fiber is adjustable between 0.1 and 1000 omega/cm.

The elastic polymer is not only filled in the spiral yarn (spiral inner cavity and between adjacent spiral circles) but also completely covers the spiral yarn, so that a spiral inner cavity elastic filling body, an adjacent spiral elastic connecting body and an elastic outer inclusion layer are respectively formed, 360-degree elastic support is provided for the spiral yarn, and the spiral structure can be reliably maintained under the deformation conditions of stretching, bending, twisting and the like, and the original shape can be recovered when the external force is removed. Moreover, the spiral yarns are wrapped by 360 degrees, the conductive materials positioned between the spiral yarns can be firmly riveted on the spiral yarns, and the problem of weak adsorption force between the yarns and the conductive materials can be solved. In addition, the elastic polymer is preferably insulating so that the outer surface of the conductive fiber exhibits insulation. The elastic polymer includes but is not limited to various elastic rubbers such as polydimethylsiloxane, polyurethane, etc. The elastic limit of the electric heating fiber is adjustable between 100 percent and 200 percent by adopting different elastic polymers. The thickness of the elastic polymer coating layer can be 0.1-1 mm. The helical yarn and the 360-degree elastic polymer coating support enable the electric heating fiber of the invention to still maintain stable electric heating performance under the deformation conditions of stretching, bending, twisting and the like.

In the present invention, the elasticity and heat generating performance of the electric heating fiber can be easily adjusted by various parameters (e.g., the elasticity can be adjusted by adjusting the structure of the spiral yarn and/or the kind of the elastic polymer, and the electric heating performance can be adjusted by adjusting the thickness of the conductive material layer, as described above), so that it is possible to conveniently satisfy different elasticity and/or heat generating performance requirements (e.g., it can be applied to different parts of the human body).

Hereinafter, a method for producing the high elastic electric heating fiber of the present invention will be described as an example.

First, the spiral yarn is coated with a conductive material. The helical yarn may be formed by a textile machine winding process. They are also commercially available. SEM images of exemplary S-shaped helical polyurethane fiber yarns used in the present invention can be seen in fig. 1. The conductive material is applied to the spiral yarn by a liquid coating method such as dip coating or drop coating. That is, a dispersion of the conductive material is applied to the spiral yarn. In the dispersion, the concentration of the metal nanowire dispersion and/or the metal nanoparticle dispersion can be 0.1-20 mg/mL, preferably 1-20 mg/mL, and the concentration of the conductive polymer dispersion can be 0.1-20 mg/mL. The solvent of the dispersion can be ethanol, toluene, water, etc. The loading amount of the conductive material can be controlled through the coating times so as to regulate and control the resistance value of the high-elasticity electric heating fiber per unit length. In addition, it is to be understood that the method of preparing the conductive material layer is not limited to the above-described liquid phase coating method, and a vacuum plating method or the like may also be employed. It should also be understood that the conductive material may be uniformly loaded/dispersed on the helical yarn, and does not necessarily form a complete layered structure.

After the conductive material is coated, post-treatment may be performed to further enhance the bonding strength and conductivity of the conductive layer to the spiral yarn, such as hydrogen plasma treatment after coating the metal nanowires, annealing treatment after coating the metal nanoparticles, and the like. It is to be understood, however, that post-treatment is not necessary and may be applied directly to the liquid elastomeric polymer without such post-treatment for penetration coating.

And then, carrying out infiltration coating and in-situ curing on the spiral yarn coated with the conductive material layer by using the liquid elastic polymer. In one example, the spiral yarn coated with the conductive material layer is soaked in the liquid elastic polymer for a period of time (e.g., 1-3 minutes) so that the liquid elastic polymer permeates into the spiral yarn and covers the outer surface of the spiral yarn. The osmotically encapsulated liquid elastomeric polymer is then cured in situ. The polymerization conditions for the liquid elastomeric polymer may be: polymerizing for 0.5-10 h at the temperature of 40-150 ℃. The conductivity of the elastic conductive fibers can be characterized by a resistance per unit length.

The invention also provides application of the high-elasticity electric heating fiber, namely an electric heating fabric. The electric heating fabric contains the high-elasticity electric heating fibers, can be obtained by directly weaving the electric heating fibers according to various weaving modes, and can also be electric heating clothes or other wearable electric heating objects obtained by weaving the electric heating fibers into clothes and other wearable objects, such as knee pads, elbow pads, gloves, infant coats and the like. That is, the wearable electric heating article provided by the present invention may be obtained by assembling and integrating an electric heating fabric woven from high elastic electric heating fibers with the wearable article, for example, the electric heating fabric formed from high elastic fibers is fixed to the inner side of a knee pad, clothes, etc. by bonding, or the electric heating fabric formed from high elastic fibers is woven into the wearable article, for example, one or more high elastic conductive fibers are woven into a finger stall in a glove.

The invention further provides an intelligent wearable electric heating fabric system. Fig. 9 is a composition diagram and an operation schematic diagram of a smart wearable electric heating system according to an example of the present invention, and fig. 10 shows a structural block diagram of the wearable electric heating fabric system. As shown in fig. 9 and 10, the wearable electrically heated textile system 1 includes: a wearable electrically heated article 11; a control unit 12 connected to the wearable electric heating object 11 for adjusting the temperature thereof; and a terminal device 13 communicating with the control unit 12 to issue a temperature adjustment instruction thereto.

The wearable electric heating article 11 may contain the high-elasticity electric heating fiber of the present invention, and for example, the electric heating fabric woven from the high-elasticity electric heating fiber of the present invention may be assembled and integrated with the wearable article as described above, or the high-elasticity electric heating fiber of the present invention may be woven into the wearable article. The wearable electrically heated article 11 may be a wearable electrically heated garment or other wearable article such as a knee pad, elbow pad, or the like. The wearable electric heating object 11 can be worn on a human body, an animal body, or the like.

Fig. 11 shows the structure of the control unit 12. As shown in fig. 11, the control unit 12 may include a power source 121 connected to two terminals disposed on the wearable electric heating object 11 through wires to supply power to the wearable electric heating object 11. The wearable electric heating object 11 contains the high elastic electric heating fiber of the present invention at a desired position, which can effectively generate heat by joule effect after being electrified, thereby providing warmth or thermotherapy, etc. to the portion in contact therewith.

The control unit 12 further has a temperature sensor 122 for detecting the temperature of the wearable electrically heated object 11, a regulating unit 123 and communication means 124 for communicating with the terminal device 13. The temperature signal of the wearable electrically heated object 11 detected by the temperature sensor 122 is sent to the terminal device 13 via the communication means 124. As the communication device 124, a wireless device is preferable, including but not limited to a bluetooth device, an infrared device, and the like. As shown in fig. 12, the terminal device 13 (e.g., a mobile phone, a tablet pc, etc.) has a temperature setting unit 131. The user operates the temperature setting unit 131 (for example, can turn on or off the heating and set a specific heating temperature) to thereby give a temperature adjustment instruction to the control unit 12. The terminal device 13 may further have a temperature information display portion 132 thereon. The temperature information display unit 132 displays temperature information from the control unit 12. The user can operate the temperature setting unit 132 based on the temperature information displayed on the temperature information display unit 132 or the temperature sensed by the user. The control unit 12 receives the temperature adjustment instruction through the communication device 124, and the adjusting unit 123 adjusts the temperature of the wearable electric heating object 11 to the temperature set by the user according to the received temperature adjustment instruction. Specifically, the adjusting unit 123 is connected to the power source 121, and can control the on/off of the power source and the power supply amount of the power source, so as to control the heat generation of the wearable electric heating object 11. Therefore, on the terminal equipment 13, on one hand, the temperature change of the wearing position can be monitored, and on the other hand, the temperature of the electric heating fabric can be regulated. The terminal device 13 may further have a power supply capacity remaining information display section 133 thereon to display the capacity information of the power supply transmitted by the control unit 12; in addition, there may be a communication connection identifier 134 to confirm whether or not it is in communication with the control unit 12. The control unit 12 may be a micro-control chip. The temperature setting unit 131, the temperature information display unit 132, the power supply capacity remaining information display unit 133, and the like may be integrated with the temperature monitoring and control software of the terminal device 13 and displayed on a software interface.

The intelligent wearable electric heating fabric system can intelligently heat and control the wearable electric heating object, and still keeps stable electric heating performance under the deformation conditions of stretching, bending, twisting and the like.

The present invention will be described in detail by way of examples. It is also to be understood that the following examples are illustrative of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, and that certain insubstantial modifications and adaptations of the invention by those skilled in the art may be made in light of the above teachings. The specific process parameters and the like of the following examples are also only one example of suitable ranges, i.e., those skilled in the art can select the appropriate ranges through the description herein, and are not limited to the specific values exemplified below.

Example 1

S-type spiral polyester fiber (as shown in figure 1, the diameter of the spiral is 700um, the diameter of the fiber is 20um) is dipped and coated for 5 times in nano silver colloid (the diameter is 20-80nm, the concentration is 0.1mg/mL, the solvent is water) dispersion liquid, then annealing treatment is carried out (100 ℃, 0.5h), then permeation and coating are carried out in liquid PDMS, and finally curing is carried out (80 ℃, 3h), thus obtaining the high-elasticity electric heating fiber. The resistance per unit length was measured by a multimeter to be 2. omega./cm.

Example 2

Placing S-type spiral polyester fiber (shown in figure 1) on a nano silver sheet (sheet diameter: 0.5um, BET:0.80-1.45 m)²And/g) dipping and coating the mixture for 5 times in an aqueous solvent dispersion, then carrying out annealing treatment (120 ℃, 1h), then carrying out infiltration and coating in liquid PDMS, and finally carrying out curing (100 ℃, 2h) to obtain the high-elasticity electric heating fiber. The resistance per unit length was 3. omega./cm. As shown in fig. 3, the SEM image shows that the entire highly elastic electrically heated fiber is linear with a uniform diameter.

Example 3

The S-shaped spiral polyester fiber (shown in figure 1) is soaked and coated for 5 times in silver nanowire ethanol dispersion (5mg/mL), then hydrogen plasma treatment (100Pa, 100W,10min) is carried out, then permeation and coating are carried out in liquid silicone rubber Ecoflex 00-30, and finally curing is carried out (100 ℃, 0.5h) to obtain the high-elasticity electric heating fiber. The resistance per unit length was 2.5. omega./cm.

Example 4

A Z-shaped spiral nylon fiber (the spiral diameter is 500um, the fiber diameter is 30um) is dipped and coated for 2 times in a conductive polymer PEDOT: PSS, then annealing treatment (800 ℃, 0.5h) is carried out, then infiltration and coating are carried out in liquid silicone rubber Ecoflex 00-50, and finally curing (80 ℃, 0.5h) is carried out, so as to obtain the high-elasticity electric heating fiber. The resistance per unit length was 10. omega./cm.

Example 5

An S-shaped spiral polyester fiber (with the spiral diameter of 400um and the fiber diameter of 10um) is soaked and coated 10 times in a copper nanowire ethanol dispersion (10mg/mL), then hydrogen plasma (100Pa, 120W and 20min) is carried out (an SEM image of a product is shown in figure 2), then permeation and coating are carried out in liquid Ecoflex 00-30, and finally solidification is carried out (100 ℃, 0.1h) to obtain the high-elasticity electric heating fiber. The resistance per unit length was 1.5. omega./cm. The physical diagram is shown in fig. 4 a. The resistance per unit length thereof varied with the number of dip coating times as shown in FIG. 4 b. Fig. 5 shows infrared photographs of the high elastic electric heating fiber after energization (a), after bending (b), after twisting (c), and after stretching (d), and it can be seen that the obtained electric heating fiber can maintain the electric heating function under various deformation conditions such as bending, twisting, stretching, and the like.

Example 6

The high elastic electric heating fibers of example 5 were woven in a 6 × 6 criss-cross manner to obtain an electric heating fabric (as shown in fig. 6).

Example 7

The electric heating fabric in the embodiment 6 is fixed on the inner side of the kneepad by utilizing the medical adhesive tape in a fitting manner, then is communicated with a micro control chip comprising a power supply, a temperature sensor, a micro control unit and a Bluetooth device, and is subjected to wireless intelligent control through a smart phone terminal comprising temperature monitoring and control software, so that the intelligent wearable electric heating kneepad is obtained. Fig. 7 shows an object diagram (a) of the obtained intelligent wearable electric heating knee pad and infrared photographs before and after power-on (b, c), and it can be seen that the knee position is effectively heated and the temperature is uniformly distributed by the electric heating knee pad after power-on.

Example 8

The electric heating fabric in embodiment 6 is fixed on the inner side of the infant coat by means of the medical adhesive tape, and then is communicated with a micro control chip comprising a power supply, a temperature sensor, a micro control unit and a Bluetooth device, and wireless intelligent control is performed through a smart phone terminal comprising temperature monitoring and control software, so that the intelligent wearable electric heating coat is obtained. Fig. 8 shows an object diagram (a) of the obtained intelligent wearable electric heating jacket and infrared photo diagrams before and after power-on (b, c), and it can be seen that the electric heating jacket is effectively heated at the position of the electric heating fabric and shows uniform temperature distribution.

Industrial applicability: the high-elasticity electric heating fiber can be woven into electric heating fabrics and combined with various wearable articles to obtain various intelligent wearable electric heating clothes or other articles. The preparation method of the invention is suitable for large-scale mass production.

Claims

1. The high-elasticity electric heating fiber is characterized by comprising a spiral yarn loaded with a conductive material and an elastic supporting body, wherein the elastic supporting body is formed by an elastic polymer which permeates into the spiral yarn and wraps the outer surface of the spiral yarn, the spiral yarn forms a spiral in a form of leaving a gap, the elastic supporting body forms an elastic coating layer on the outer surface of the spiral yarn, an elastic filling body is formed in an inner cavity of the spiral yarn, and a stretchable elastic connecting body is formed between adjacent spiral rings.

2. The high-elasticity electric heating fiber according to claim 1, wherein the resistance per unit length of the high-elasticity electric heating fiber is adjustable between 0.1 and 1000 Ω/cm.

3. The highly elastic electrically heated fiber of claim 1, wherein said helical yarn is a single woven filament or a plurality of woven filaments in a single strand, spirally wound in an "S" or "Z" pattern.

4. The highly elastic electrically heated fiber of claim 1 wherein said helical yarn comprises man-made and/or natural fibers.

5. The high elastic electrical heating fiber of claim 4, wherein said helical yarn is selected from at least one of polyester, nylon, acrylic, spandex, and cotton fibers.

6. The high-elasticity electric heating fiber as claimed in claim 1, wherein the spiral diameter of the spiral yarn is adjustable between 50-1000 um, and the diameter of the spiral yarn is adjustable between 5-100 um.

7. The highly elastic electrically heated fiber of claim 1, wherein the electrically conductive material is at least one of a metal nanoparticle, a metal nanowire, a metal nanoplate, and an electrically conductive polymer.

8. The highly elastic electrically heated fiber according to any of claims 1 to 7, wherein the elastic polymer is an elastic rubber.

9. The highly elastic electrically heated fiber of claim 8, wherein said elastic polymer is polydimethylsiloxane and/or polyurethane.

10. A method of making the highly elastic electrically heated fiber of any of claims 1 to 9, comprising:

(1) coating the conductive material on the spiral yarn to form a spiral yarn loaded with the conductive material;

(2) and (3) carrying out infiltration coating and in-situ curing on the spiral yarn loaded with the conductive material by adopting a liquid elastic polymer.

11. The manufacturing method according to claim 10, wherein the coating method of the conductive material to the spiral yarn is a liquid phase coating method, and the resistance value per unit length of the high elastic electric heating fiber is controlled by the number of times of coating.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein the coating method of the conductive material to the spiral yarn is a dip coating method.

13. The method of claim 10, wherein the conductive material is coated and post-treated to further enhance the bonding strength and conductivity of the conductive material layer to the spiral yarn.

14. The method according to claim 13, wherein the post-treatment is a hydrogen plasma treatment after coating the metal nanowires, and an annealing treatment after coating the metal nanoparticles.

15. An electrically heated fabric comprising the highly elastic electrically heated fiber of any one of claims 1 to 9.

16. The electrically heated textile as set forth in claim 15 wherein the electrically heated textile is a wearable electrically heated article.

17. The electric heating fabric of claim 15, wherein the wearable electric heating object is formed by assembling and integrating an electric heating fabric woven by the high-elasticity electric heating fibers with the wearable object; or the high-elasticity electric heating fiber is woven into a wearable object.