CN107442063B - The preparation method and product of niobium modified activated aluminum oxide for purifying formaldehyde and application - Google Patents

The preparation method and product of niobium modified activated aluminum oxide for purifying formaldehyde and application Download PDF

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CN107442063B
CN107442063B CN201710612633.1A CN201710612633A CN107442063B CN 107442063 B CN107442063 B CN 107442063B CN 201710612633 A CN201710612633 A CN 201710612633A CN 107442063 B CN107442063 B CN 107442063B
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niobium
activated alumina
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formaldehyde
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CN107442063A (en
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何丹农
袁静
高振源
蔡婷
赵昆峰
杨玲
张涛
金彩虹
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Shanghai National Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/06Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group B01J20/04
    • B01J20/08Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group B01J20/04 comprising aluminium oxide or hydroxide; comprising bauxite
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/0203Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of metals not provided for in B01J20/04
    • B01J20/0214Compounds of V, Nb, Ta
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/70Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/06Polluted air

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Abstract

The niobium modified activated aluminum oxide and its preparation method and application that the invention discloses a kind of for purifying formaldehyde, activated alumina is placed in certain density niobium salt solution, appropriate hydrochloric acid is added, is filtered after ultrasonic 5-12h, the sample of acquisition uses after passing through two kinds of Temperature Treatments respectively.For the activated alumina of low concentration (0 < niobium concentration≤0.012 mol/L) niobium salt treatment, it is placed in 50oIt is applied in purifying formaldehyde after dry 12 h in C baking oven;For the activated alumina of rather high concentration (0.012 mol/L < niobium concentration≤0.020 mol/L) niobium salt treatment, it is placed in 50oIt is roasted in air atmosphere after dry 12 h in C baking oven, maturing temperature is in 400-500oBetween C, calcining time 4-5 h.The preparation method that the present invention announces is applicable in the modification of activated alumina and molecular sieve, and performance can be improved to 2-5 times of corresponding untreated samples, and in changes in environmental conditions, be not easy to be desorbed, avoid secondary pollution.

Description

Preparation method of niobium modified activated alumina for formaldehyde purification, product and application
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of air purification, and particularly relates to a preparation method of niobium modified activated alumina for formaldehyde purification, a product and application thereof.
Background
Formaldehyde has certain toxic action on human nervous system, liver, skin and immune system, and is easy to control toxicity. With the high pursuit of people for quality of life, the purification of formaldehyde has become a hot problem in the field of environment at present. The indoor formaldehyde is dispersed, the treatment amount is small, and the concentration is low, so that the adsorption method is more suitable for removing the indoor formaldehyde. Some air purifiers, the filter, are designed using the principle of adsorption.
The adsorption method has the advantages of high removal efficiency, strong enrichment function, low energy consumption, mature process, easy popularization, good environmental benefit and the like, is suitable for deep treatment of low-concentration gaseous pollutants, is almost suitable for all volatile organic compounds, and becomes a common effective method for treating pollutants such as formaldehyde and the like. The adsorbent is critical. Compared with non-polar activated carbon, activated alumina or molecular sieve is the most promising adsorption material due to its more regular pore structure and its polar characteristics.
Activated alumina or molecular sieve alone does not have a high formaldehyde adsorption capacity and typically needs to be modified. The common method comprises the following steps: acid-base modification, metal modification, oxidation modification, and the like. The existing literature uses one method or needs multi-step treatment to achieve the aim of multiple modifications. Niobium salts have redox capabilities and are used as adjuvants or carriers in many reactions and exhibit greater oxidation under acidic conditions. However, there are few reports in the literature of using niobium modified activated alumina or molecular sieves. Based on this, the invention provides a simple one-step method for modifying activated alumina.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to: provides a preparation method of niobium modified activated alumina applied to formaldehyde purification.
Yet another object of the present invention is to: provides the product obtained by the preparation method.
Yet another object of the present invention is to: applications of the product are provided.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following scheme: a preparation method of niobium modified activated alumina for formaldehyde purification, which takes activated alumina as a raw material, comprises the following steps:
(1) putting activated alumina into a niobate solution, and adding a proper amount of hydrochloric acid, wherein the concentration of the hydrochloric acid is 0.1 ~ 0.2.2 times of that of the niobate;
(2) carrying out ultrasonic filtration for 5-12h, and then obtaining an active alumina sample treated by niobium salt;
(3) obtaining niobium modified activated alumina which can be used for formaldehyde purification after temperature treatment, wherein the temperature treatment comprises the following steps:
when the niobium concentration is 0<When the niobium concentration is less than or equal to 0.012 mol/L, the low-concentration niobium salt is obtained, and the activated alumina treated by the low-concentration niobium salt is placed at 50 DEGoC, drying in an oven for 12 hours for use; or,
when the niobium concentration is 0.012 mol/L<When the niobium concentration is less than or equal to 0.020 mol/L, the high-concentration niobium salt is obtained, and the activated alumina treated by the high-concentration niobium salt is placed in a bath of 50 DEGoC, after drying for 12 hours in an oven, roasting in an air atmosphere at the roasting temperature of 400-500-oAnd C, roasting for 4-5 h.
The invention realizes the improvement of the adsorption performance and the adsorption strength of the activated alumina by treating the activated alumina in the solutions of the niobium salts with different concentrations and adopting a targeted temperature treatment mode.
On the basis of the scheme, the niobium salt is niobium oxalate.
Based on the scheme, the mass fraction of niobium in the activated alumina is 0.6 percent ~ 3.6.6 percent.
The invention provides a niobium modified activated alumina product for formaldehyde purification obtained according to the preparation method.
The invention also provides an application of the product in formaldehyde purification.
The preparation method disclosed by the invention can be applied to modification of activated alumina and a molecular sieve, can improve the performance to 2-5 times of that of a corresponding untreated sample, is not easy to desorb when environmental conditions change, and avoids secondary pollution.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) the preparation method is novel, and the preparation method combines three methods of metal modification, acid modification and oxidation modification to simultaneously modify the active alumina, thereby realizing the aim of one-step multiple modification. And aiming at the modification of different degrees, different temperature treatment modes are adopted.
(2) The metal used is unique. The niobium modification is applied to the modification of the activated alumina, and is not reported in relevant documents.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A preparation method of niobium modified activated alumina for formaldehyde purification, which takes activated alumina as a raw material, comprises the following steps:
(1) placing 5g of activated alumina in a niobate solution, wherein the niobate solution is prepared by dissolving 0.20 g of niobium oxalate in 100 mL of water, adding 0.08mL of hydrochloric acid with the concentration of 0.5 mol/L, and stirring for dissolving;
(2) carrying out suction filtration after ultrasonic treatment for 8 hours to obtain an active alumina sample treated by niobium salt;
(3) obtaining niobium modified activated alumina which can be used for formaldehyde purification after temperature treatment, wherein the temperature treatment comprises the following steps:
when the niobium concentration is 0<When the niobium concentration is less than or equal to 0.012 mol/L, the low-concentration niobium salt is obtained, and the activated alumina treated by the low-concentration niobium salt is placed at 50 DEGoAnd C, drying in an oven for 12 hours to obtain the niobium modified activated alumina of the catalyst product for purifying formaldehyde.
The mixed gas of formaldehyde and air is introduced into a continuous flow fixed bed device, the reaction pressure is normal pressure ~ 1atm, the total flow of the gas is 500 mL/min, the initial concentration of formaldehyde is 1.99 ppm, the weight of the catalyst is weighed to be 0.2 g, the catalyst is weighed to be 25 goAt C, the maximum purification efficiency of formaldehyde is 78%, which is 3.9 times of that of untreated activated alumina. Further raising the temperature to 50 deg.CoC, it was found that at this temperature, the maximum purification efficiency did not change significantly.
Example 2
A preparation method of niobium modified activated alumina for formaldehyde purification, which takes activated alumina as a raw material, comprises the following steps:
(1) placing 5g of activated alumina in a niobate solution, wherein the niobate solution is prepared by dissolving 0.40 g of niobium oxalate in 100 mL of water, adding 0.16mL of 0.5 mol/L hydrochloric acid, and stirring for dissolving, wherein the concentration of the hydrochloric acid is 0.1 ~ 0.2.2 times of that of the niobate;
(2) carrying out suction filtration after ultrasonic treatment for 8 hours to obtain an active alumina sample treated by niobium salt;
(3) obtaining niobium modified activated alumina which can be used for formaldehyde purification after temperature treatment, wherein the temperature treatment comprises the following steps:
when the niobium concentration is 0<When the niobium concentration is less than or equal to 0.012 mol/L, the low-concentration niobium salt is obtained, and the activated alumina treated by the low-concentration niobium salt is placed at 50 DEGoAnd C, drying in an oven for 12 hours. And (5) standby.
The mixed gas of formaldehyde and air is introduced into a continuous flow fixed bed device, the reaction pressure is normal pressure ~ 1atm, the total flow of the gas is 500 mL/min, the initial concentration of formaldehyde is 1.23 ppm, the weight of the catalyst is weighed to be 0.2 g, the purification performance of the catalyst on formaldehyde at room temperature is observed, the reaction pressure is 25 ppm, and the reaction temperature is higher than that of the catalystoAt C, the maximum purification efficiency of formaldehyde is 62%, which is 3.1 times of that of untreated activated alumina. Further raising the temperature to 50 deg.CoC, it was found that at this temperature, the maximum purification efficiency did not change significantly.
Example 3
A preparation method of niobium modified activated alumina for formaldehyde purification, which takes activated alumina as a raw material, comprises the following steps:
(1) placing 5g of activated alumina in a niobate solution, wherein the niobate solution is prepared by dissolving 0.60 g of niobium oxalate in 100 mL of water, adding 0.25mL of hydrochloric acid with the concentration of 0.5 mol/L, and stirring for dissolving;
(2) carrying out suction filtration after ultrasonic treatment for 8 hours to obtain an active alumina sample treated by niobium salt;
(3) obtaining niobium modified activated alumina which can be used for formaldehyde purification after temperature treatment, wherein the temperature treatment comprises the following steps:
when the niobium concentration is 0<When the niobium concentration is less than or equal to 0.012 mol/L, the low-concentration niobium salt is obtained, and the activated alumina treated by the low-concentration niobium salt is placed at 50 DEGoAnd C, drying in an oven for 12 hours for later use.
The mixed gas of formaldehyde and air is introduced into a continuous flow fixed bed device, the reaction pressure is normal pressure ~ 1atm, the total flow of the gas is 500 mL/min, the initial concentration of formaldehyde is 2.52 ppm, the weight of the catalyst is weighed to be 0.2 g, the purification performance of the catalyst on formaldehyde at room temperature is observed, the reaction pressure is 25 goAt C, the maximum purification efficiency of formaldehyde is 58%, which is 2.9 times of that of untreated activated alumina. Further raising the temperature to 50 deg.CoC, it was found that at this temperature, the maximum purification efficiency did not change significantly.
Example 4
A preparation method of niobium modified activated alumina for formaldehyde purification, which takes activated alumina as a raw material, comprises the following steps:
(1) placing 5g of activated alumina in a niobate solution, wherein the niobate solution is prepared by dissolving 0.80 g of niobium oxalate in 100 mL of water, adding 0.33mL of hydrochloric acid with the concentration of 0.5 mol/L, and stirring for dissolving;
(2) carrying out suction filtration after ultrasonic treatment for 8 hours to obtain an active alumina sample treated by niobium salt;
(3) obtaining niobium modified activated alumina which can be used for formaldehyde purification after temperature treatment, wherein the temperature treatment comprises the following steps:
when the niobium concentration is 0.012 mol/L<When the niobium concentration is less than or equal to 0.020 mol/L, the high-concentration niobium salt is obtained, and the activated alumina treated by the high-concentration niobium salt is placed in a bath of 50 DEGoDrying in a C oven, and calcining in air atmosphere at 400 deg.CoAnd C, roasting for 5 hours.
The mixed gas of formaldehyde and air is introduced into a continuous flow fixed bed device, the reaction pressure is normal pressure ~ 1atm, the total flow of the gas is 500 mL/min, the initial concentration of formaldehyde is 2.94 ppm, the weight of the catalyst is weighed to be 0.2 g, the purification performance of the catalyst on formaldehyde at room temperature is observed, the reaction pressure is 25 goAt C, the maximum purification efficiency of formaldehyde is 63%, which is 2.1 times of that of untreated activated alumina. Further raising the temperature to 50 deg.CoC, it was found that at this temperature, the maximum purification efficiency did not change significantly.
Example 5
A preparation method of niobium modified activated alumina for formaldehyde purification, which takes activated alumina as a raw material, comprises the following steps:
(1) placing 5g of activated alumina in a niobate solution, wherein the niobate solution is prepared by dissolving 1.0 g of niobium oxalate in 100 mL of water, adding 0.41mL of hydrochloric acid with the concentration of 0.5 mol/L, and stirring for dissolving;
(2) carrying out suction filtration after ultrasonic treatment for 8 hours to obtain an active alumina sample treated by niobium salt;
(3) obtaining niobium modified activated alumina which can be used for formaldehyde purification after temperature treatment, wherein the temperature treatment comprises the following steps:
when the niobium concentration is 0.012 mol/L<When the niobium concentration is less than or equal to 0.020 mol/L, the high-concentration niobium salt is obtained, and the activated alumina treated by the high-concentration niobium salt is placed in a bath of 50 DEGoDrying in a C oven for 12h, and roasting at 500 deg.C in air atmosphereoAnd C, roasting for 4 hours.
The mixed gas of formaldehyde and air is introduced into a continuous flow fixed bed device, the reaction pressure is normal pressure ~ 1atm, the total flow of the gas is 500 mL/min, the initial concentration of formaldehyde is 2.87 ppm, the weight of the catalyst is weighed to be 0.2 g, the purification performance of the catalyst to formaldehyde is tested at room temperature, and the purification performance of the catalyst to formaldehyde is tested at 25 DEGoAt C, the maximum purification efficiency of formaldehyde is 67%, which is 3.3 times of that of untreated activated alumina. Further raising the temperature to 50 deg.CoC, it was found that at this temperature, the maximum purification efficiency did not change significantly.
The formaldehyde purification efficiency of the products obtained in examples 1 to 5 is shown in Table 1:

Claims (4)

1. a preparation method of niobium modified activated alumina for formaldehyde purification, which takes activated alumina as a raw material, comprises the following steps:
(1) putting activated alumina into a niobate solution, and adding a proper amount of hydrochloric acid, wherein the concentration of the hydrochloric acid is 0.1 ~ 0.2.2 times of that of the niobate;
(2) carrying out ultrasonic filtration for 5-12h, and then obtaining an active alumina sample treated by niobium salt;
(3) obtaining niobium modified activated alumina which can be used for formaldehyde purification after temperature treatment, wherein the temperature treatment comprises the following steps:
when the niobium concentration is 0<When the niobium concentration is less than or equal to 0.012 mol/L, the niobium is low-concentration niobium salt, and the active oxidation is performed on the low-concentration niobium saltAluminum at 50oC, drying in an oven for 12 hours for use; or,
when the niobium concentration is 0.012 mol/L<When the niobium concentration is less than or equal to 0.020 mol/L, the high-concentration niobium salt is obtained, and the activated alumina treated by the high-concentration niobium salt is placed in a bath of 50 DEGoC, after drying for 12 hours in an oven, roasting in an air atmosphere at the roasting temperature of 400-500-oC, roasting for 4-5 h;
the mass fraction of niobium in the activated alumina is 0.6% ~ 3.6.6%.
2. The method for preparing niobium-modified activated alumina for formaldehyde purification according to claim 1, wherein the niobium salt is niobium oxalate.
3. A niobium-modified activated alumina product for formaldehyde purification obtained by the process according to claim 1 or 2.
4. Use of the niobium modified activated alumina product for formaldehyde purification according to claim 3 in formaldehyde purification.
CN201710612633.1A 2017-07-25 2017-07-25 The preparation method and product of niobium modified activated aluminum oxide for purifying formaldehyde and application Active CN107442063B (en)

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CN111841648B (en) * 2020-07-07 2022-09-02 上海纳米技术及应用国家工程研究中心有限公司 Preparation method of niobium modified molecular sieve, product and application thereof

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CN102000559A (en) * 2010-11-18 2011-04-06 中国海洋石油总公司 Method for preparing dimethoxymethane by adopting supported niobium oxide catalyst
CN104248942A (en) * 2014-09-23 2014-12-31 江苏普瑞姆纳米科技有限公司 Preparation method of harmful gas adsorbent
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