CN107434996A - Lubricating fluid - Google Patents

Lubricating fluid Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107434996A
CN107434996A CN201610352708.2A CN201610352708A CN107434996A CN 107434996 A CN107434996 A CN 107434996A CN 201610352708 A CN201610352708 A CN 201610352708A CN 107434996 A CN107434996 A CN 107434996A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
lubricating fluid
fluid
viscosity
viscosity index
damper
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201610352708.2A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
冉立新
王曦
皮特·威廉·罗伯特·史密斯
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
Original Assignee
Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV filed Critical Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
Priority to CN201610352708.2A priority Critical patent/CN107434996A/en
Priority to RU2018145707A priority patent/RU2742037C2/en
Priority to BR112018074292-9A priority patent/BR112018074292A2/en
Priority to US16/303,169 priority patent/US20200325413A1/en
Priority to PCT/EP2017/062473 priority patent/WO2017202873A1/en
Priority to KR1020187032625A priority patent/KR102398825B1/en
Priority to CN201780032174.8A priority patent/CN109415651A/en
Priority to JP2018561203A priority patent/JP7030065B2/en
Priority to EP17727164.0A priority patent/EP3464527A1/en
Publication of CN107434996A publication Critical patent/CN107434996A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
    • C10M169/044—Mixtures of base-materials and additives the additives being a mixture of non-macromolecular and macromolecular compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M171/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by purely physical criteria, e.g. containing as base-material, thickener or additive, ingredients which are characterised exclusively by their numerically specified physical properties, i.e. containing ingredients which are physically well-defined but for which the chemical nature is either unspecified or only very vaguely indicated
    • C10M171/02—Specified values of viscosity or viscosity index
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M111/00—Lubrication compositions characterised by the base-material being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M101/00 - C10M109/00, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M111/02—Lubrication compositions characterised by the base-material being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M101/00 - C10M109/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being a non-macromolecular organic compound
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M111/00—Lubrication compositions characterised by the base-material being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M101/00 - C10M109/00, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M111/04—Lubrication compositions characterised by the base-material being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M101/00 - C10M109/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being a macromolecular organic compound
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
    • C10M169/041—Mixtures of base-materials and additives the additives being macromolecular compounds only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/003—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/06—Well-defined aromatic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/06—Well-defined aromatic compounds
    • C10M2203/065—Well-defined aromatic compounds used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/102—Aliphatic fractions
    • C10M2203/1025—Aliphatic fractions used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
    • C10M2205/026—Butene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
    • C10M2205/028—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/04—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing aromatic monomers, e.g. styrene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/06—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing conjugated dienes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/17—Fisher Tropsch reaction products
    • C10M2205/173—Fisher Tropsch reaction products used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
    • C10M2209/084—Acrylate; Methacrylate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2215/042—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Alkoxylated derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/26—Amines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M2223/045—Metal containing thio derivatives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M2223/047—Thioderivatives not containing metallic elements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2229/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2205/00, C10M2209/00, C10M2213/00, C10M2217/00, C10M2221/00 or C10M2225/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2229/02—Unspecified siloxanes; Silicones
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/02—Pour-point; Viscosity index
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/08—Resistance to extreme temperature
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/68—Shear stability
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/02—Bearings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/08—Hydraulic fluids, e.g. brake-fluids

Abstract

Disclose a kind of lubricating fluid for being suitable as cushioning fluid.The lubricating fluid includes at least 40wt% GTL base oils on the basis of its weight, and viscosity index (VI) is 50 1000 and pour point is less than 30 DEG C.

Description

Lubricating fluid
Technical field
The present invention relates to the lubricating fluid for being suitable as cushioning fluid.The invention further relates to the lubricating fluid in damper In purposes.
Background technology
Damper (sometimes referred to as damper) is to be designed to eliminate or weaken sudden shock pulse and dissipation kinetic energy Plant equipment.Damper is automobile, motorcycle or vibration-damping bicycle, undercarriage, train damping and many industrial machines The important component of support.Large-scale damper is additionally operable in building and civil engineering to reduce structure to earthquake and resonate susceptible Property.
Damper converts kinetic energy into heat energy, then heat energy can be made to dissipate.Hydraulic damper is lived by inside with slip The cylinder composition of plug.Cushioning fluid is filled with the cylinder.The combination of the piston/cylinder of this fluid filling also referred to as buffers Device.In vehicle, the damping of wheel usually contains several dampers, mainly with compressive resilience facility such as coil spring, steel plate bullet Spring or torque arm combination.These springs are not dampers, because spring storing energy but not dissipating or absorbing energy.If car Wheel is placed in horizontal movement, and spring can absorb power up and down, and convert them into heat.Damper and such as wheel The hysteresis of tire suppresses the up and down motion of unsprung weight together, so as to effectively suppress wheel spring.This point Cause fluid friction because cushioning fluid flows through narrower bore such as internal valves and convert kinetic energy into heat to realize.
WO 201063752 discloses the fluid that can be used as cushioning fluid, the fluid have high biodegradability with And the compatibility high with viscosity improver, particularly at low temperature.The fluid includes base oil composition and viscosity index (VI) is improved Agent.The base oil composition includes the ester of GTL base oils and polyol.
The present inventor seeks to provide the lubricating fluid for being suitable as cushioning fluid, and the lubricating fluid has favourable property Can, such as than commercially available cushioning fluid preferably long-term shear stability and/or more preferable low temperature viscosity performance.
The content of the invention
The inventors discovered that it can be prepared by the advantageous combination of GTL base oils, alkylbenzene or alkylnaphthalene and viscosity modifier suitable Share the lubricating fluid for making cushioning fluid.This low temperature viscosity for combining the shear stability shown and becoming reconciled.
Therefore, the present invention provides a kind of lubricating fluid, and the lubricating fluid is included on the basis of its weight：
(a) at least 40wt% GTL base oils；
(b) 5-25wt% alkylbenzene or alkylnaphthalene；With
(c) 0.1-20wt% viscosity index improver；
The viscosity index (VI) of wherein described lubricating fluid is 50-1000 and pour point is less than -30 DEG C.
The lubricating fluid is suitable as cushioning fluid, but also be used as fork oil or industrial lubricants such as hydraulic fluid or Bearing oil and recycle oil.
The present invention also provides purposes of the lubricating fluid of the present invention in damper.
The present invention also provides the vehicle of the lubricating fluid comprising the present invention.
Embodiment
Lubricating fluid includes at least 40wt% GTL base oils on the basis of its weight.Lubricating fluid is on the basis of its weight Preferably comprise 50-90wt% GTL base oils, more preferably 60-85wt%.
The base oil synthesized using term " GTL base oils " description by converting the Fischer-Tropsch process that natural gas is liquid fuel.Phase Than in the mineral oil base oil by crude refining, they have low-down sulfur content and arene content, and have very high Paraffinic components ratio.GTL base oils can be the mixture of several different GTL base oils with different viscosities.The GTL at 100 DEG C The kinematic viscosity of base oil is preferably 2-10mm2/ s, more preferably 2.5-7mm2/s.The kinematic viscosity suitably presses ASTM D445 It is determined that.Suitable base oil " GTL 4 " and " GTL 3 " can be obtained by Shell as is known.
Lubricating fluid includes 5-25wt% alkylbenzene or alkylnaphthalene on the basis of its weight.Suitably, alkylbenzene or alkane Base naphthalene is the mixture of different alkylbenzene molecules and/or alkylnaphthalene molecule.Alkylbenzene and/or alkylnaphthalene can be single- or multi- take Generation, but be preferably list-or di-substituted.In preferred embodiments, lubricating fluid include 5-25wt% by straight chain And/or the mixture of branched alkyl list-or the alkylbenzene of di-substituted, wherein the alkyl is C6-C20Alkyl, preferably C9-C15 Alkyl.The kinematic viscosity of alkylbenzene or alkylnaphthalene (suitably being determined by ASTM D445) is suitably 3-400mm at 40 DEG C2/ S, preferably 3-50mm2/ s and more preferably 3-10mm2/s.Average relative molecular mass is suitably 180-300, preferably 200- 280, and more preferably 230-260.
Lubricating fluid includes 0.1-20wt% viscosity index improver on the basis of its weight.Lubricating fluid preferably comprises 1-18wt% viscosity index improver, more preferably 3-10wt%.
Viscosity index improver (also referred to as VI modifiers, viscosity modifier or viscosity improver) provides high temperature for lubricant And low temperature operability.These additives assign shear stability and acceptable viscosity under high temperature and low temperature.Suitably Viscosity index improver includes the hydrocarbon of low molecule amount and HMW, polyester and can play viscosity index improver and dispersant The viscosity index (VI) of dual-use function improves dispersant.The typical molecular weight of these polymer is about 10,000-1,000,000, more allusion quotation It is about 20,000-500,000 type, and even more typically about 50,000-200,000.Suitable viscosity index improver Example be methacrylate, butadiene, the polymer and copolymer of alkene or the styrene of alkylation.
Preferably, viscosity index improver is poly methyl methacrylate (also referred to as PMMA), i.e., the first of various chain lengths The copolymer of base and alkylmethacrylate.Particularly preferred PMMA viscosity index improvers are commercially available Viscoplex (Viscoplex is viscosity improverThe trade name of GmbH＆CO.KG, Darmstadt Germany).
Lubricating fluid is suitably also comprising the one or more additives generally applied in cushioning fluid.These additives It can be added in the form of additive bag.Typical additive bag includes antioxidant and anti-wear agent, but can also include scattered It is agent, detersive, anti-corrosion and antirust agent, matal deactivator, EP agent, anti-bite mixture, pour point depressant, wax conditioning agent, close Seal compatilizer, friction modifier, greasy property agent, anti-fouling agent, developer, defoamer and demulsifier.
Lubricating fluid preferably comprises anti-wear additive.Suitable anti-wear additive includes containing metal and metal-free alkyl Thiophosphate, such as zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate, usual dosage are the about 0.4-1.4wt% of lubricating fluid weight.
Lubricating fluid preferably comprises defoamer.Organosilicon and organic polymer are typical defoamers.Defoamer is preferably Low silicon or without silicon defoaming agent, such as acrylic copolymer or amine ethoxylates.On the basis of the weight of lubricating fluid, defoaming The content of agent is suitably less than 1wt%, more preferably less than preferably smaller than 0.1wt% and 0.05wt%.
The viscosity index (VI) of lubricating fluid is 50-1000, preferably 100-600.Viscosity index (VI) suitably presses ASTM D2272 It is determined that.If viscosity index (VI) is too low, lubricating fluid at low temperature may too viscous and at high temperature may be too thin, thus lubricate Fluid can not effectively work in damper.
The pour point of lubricating fluid is less than -30 DEG C, preferably shorter than -45 DEG C.Pour point is suitably determined by ASTM D97.If profit Slip-stream body has higher pour point, then fluid may not flow under cold ambient conditions, the damper comprising the fluid It may not work.
Kinematic viscosity of the lubricating fluid at 40 DEG C is suitably at least 7mm2/ s, preferably at least 10mm2/ s and more preferably It is at least 12mm2/s.Kinematic viscosity at 40 DEG C is suitably determined by ASTM D445.If lubricating fluid will be in damper In effectively work, then be important with this viscosity.
Brookfield viscosity of the lubricating fluid at -40 DEG C is suitably less than 2000cP, more preferably less than 1500cP and More preferably less than 1250cP.Brookfield viscosity at -40 DEG C is suitably determined by ASTM D2983.If lubricating fluid Effectively to be worked in damper, then be important with this viscosity.
Shear stability (by CEC L-45-99 measure) of the lubricating fluid at 40 DEG C is suitably less than 10%, more preferably Less than 5% and more preferably less than 3%.Lubricating fluid have highest possible shear stability (and it is minimum under test conditions can Can shear stability loss) be it is important, so as to when in damper in use, lubricating fluid have for it is most long possible when Correct viscosity for effective operation of section.If lubricating composition has the shear stability of difference, it will be with time shearing force Decline and viscosity will be quickly beyond required scopes.
The present invention, the scope that these embodiments are not limit the invention in any way are described below with reference to following examples.
Embodiment
Prepare the cushioning fluid (embodiment 1) with formula shown in table 1 below：
Table 1
Two kinds of GTL base oils obtain by Shell.The base oils of GTL 4 at 100 DEG C viscosity (by ASTM D445 measure) be 3.80-4.20cSt.Viscosity (by ASTM D445 measure) of the base oils of GTL 3 at 100 DEG C is 2.8cSt.Alkylbenzene is at 40 DEG C Lower kinematic viscosity is 3-5mm2The mixture of/s list-substitution alkylbenzene.By mixing and heating all components until obtaining Even mixture and prepare the fluid.
Test
Cushioning fluid (comparative example 1 and comparative example 2) commercially available from cushioning fluid to embodiment 1 and two kinds is tested.Table 2 Give the result of tested performance, the method for testing applied and embodiment 1, comparative example 1 and comparative example 2.
Table 2
Performance Method of testing Embodiment 1 Comparative example 1 Comparative example 2
Density (g/cm at 15 DEG C3) ASTM D4052 0.8247 0.8611 0.836
Viscosity (cSt) at 40 DEG C ASTM D445 13.086 14.18 14.5018
Viscosity (cSt) at 100 DEG C ASTM D445 3.8561 4.0547 4.0913
Viscosity index (VI) ASTM D2272 210.7 206.4 202.3
Brookfield viscosity (cP) at -40 DEG C ASTM D2983 1020 2369 1800
Pour point (DEG C) ASTM D97 -60 <-45 <-45
Shear stability (% viscosity losses) at 40 DEG C CEC L-45-99 2.70 13.50 6.02
As a result show all three cushioning fluids density, 40 DEG C it is similar with viscosity index (VI) with the viscosity at 100 DEG C.With Commercially available cushioning fluid (comparative example 1 and comparative example 2) is compared, and cushioning fluid of the invention (embodiment 1) has improved Brookfield viscosity, it may have more preferable shear stability.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of lubricating fluid, the lubricating fluid is included on the basis of its weight：
(a) at least 40wt% GTL base oils；
(b) 5-25wt% alkylbenzene or alkylnaphthalene；With
(c) 0.1-20wt% viscosity index improver；
The viscosity index (VI) of wherein described lubricating fluid is 50-1000 and pour point is less than -30 DEG C.
2. the lubricating fluid of claim 1, the GTL base oils comprising 50-90wt%.
3. the lubricating fluid of claim 1 or 2, comprising 5-25wt% by straight chain and/or branched alkyl list-or di-substituted The mixture of alkylbenzene, wherein the alkyl is C6-C20Alkyl.
4. the lubricating fluid of any one of preceding claims, wherein the viscosity index improver is selected from methacrylate, fourth The polymer and copolymer of diene, alkene or the styrene of alkylation.
5. the lubricating fluid of any one of preceding claims, comprising containing metal or metal-free alkyl-thio-phosphate, it contains Measure the about 0.4-1.4wt% for lubricating fluid weight.
6. the lubricating fluid of any one of preceding claims, include acrylic copolymer or amine ethoxylates, its content Less than the 0.1wt% of lubricating fluid weight.
7. purposes of the lubricating fluid of any one of preceding claims in damper.
8. the vehicle of the damper including claim 7.
CN201610352708.2A 2016-05-25 2016-05-25 Lubricating fluid Pending CN107434996A (en)

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