CN107425583B - Intelligent induction charging device of high-voltage transmission line inspection robot - Google Patents
Intelligent induction charging device of high-voltage transmission line inspection robot Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于电力变压器检测技术领域,特别涉及一种高压输电线路巡检机器人智能感应充电装置及控制系统。The invention belongs to the technical field of power transformer detection, and in particular relates to an intelligent induction charging device and a control system for a high-voltage transmission line inspection robot.
背景技术Background technique
高压输电线路是整个电力系统的主动脉,其安全性和可靠性直接关系电网的稳定运行。高压输电线路不仅承受线路的机械应力、电负荷内部压力,还要经受自然环境强风、雷击、雨雪、冰雹腐蚀等外部灾害侵袭,长期运行必将出现导线断股、接触电阻变大等故障,严重危及电力系统的安全运行。传统高压线路维护依靠人工沿输电线路巡视作业,维护工作量大、费用高且比较危险。高压输电线路巡检机器人技术不断发展,逐渐取代人工输电线路巡检,降低了巡检工作强度和维护费用,提高了巡检作业的质量和管理水平。The high-voltage transmission line is the main artery of the entire power system, and its safety and reliability are directly related to the stable operation of the power grid. High-voltage transmission lines not only bear the mechanical stress of the line and the internal pressure of the electrical load, but also withstand external disasters such as strong winds, lightning strikes, rain, snow, and hail corrosion in the natural environment. Long-term operation will inevitably cause faults such as broken strands and increased contact resistance. Seriously endanger the safe operation of the power system. Traditional high-voltage line maintenance relies on manual patrolling along the transmission line, which is heavy, expensive and dangerous. The continuous development of high-voltage transmission line inspection robot technology gradually replaces manual transmission line inspection, reduces inspection work intensity and maintenance costs, and improves the quality and management level of inspection operations.
高压输电线路巡检机器人充电技术采用太阳能充电、激光充电、电容充电方式。太阳能充电电池的输出容易受到外界环境温度、光强度变化和季节性等因素影响,且光能与太阳能之间能量转换率低,需要定期维护,限制了太阳能充电的大规模应用。激光充电方式通过光电转换器将继光或其他光源转换为电能,但大功率激光发生器的激光二极管工作寿命有限,容易产生退化。电容取电技术通过并联在母线上的并联电容分压器进行充电,对电容分压器的制作工艺要求较高,同时电容分压器之间连接在高压母线上,降低了输电系统的可靠性和安全系数。因此,研究新型高压输电线路巡检机器人充电技术,实现智能化充电和免维护,提高系统的安全性和可靠性,具有十分重要的理论意义和现实意义。The charging technology of high-voltage transmission line inspection robots adopts solar charging, laser charging, and capacitor charging. The output of solar rechargeable batteries is easily affected by factors such as external ambient temperature, light intensity changes and seasonality, and the energy conversion rate between light energy and solar energy is low, requiring regular maintenance, which limits the large-scale application of solar charging. The laser charging method converts light or other light sources into electrical energy through a photoelectric converter, but the laser diode of a high-power laser generator has a limited working life and is prone to degradation. Capacitor power-taking technology is charged through parallel capacitor voltage dividers connected in parallel on the bus, which requires high manufacturing process for the capacitor voltage dividers. At the same time, the capacitor voltage dividers are connected to the high-voltage bus, which reduces the reliability of the power transmission system. and safety factor. Therefore, it has very important theoretical and practical significance to study the new high-voltage transmission line inspection robot charging technology, realize intelligent charging and maintenance-free, and improve the safety and reliability of the system.
发明内容Contents of the invention
发明目的:Purpose of the invention:
为了达到上述发明目的,本发明提出一种高压输电线路巡检机器人智能感应充电装置及控制系统。In order to achieve the purpose of the above invention, the present invention proposes an intelligent induction charging device and a control system for a high-voltage transmission line inspection robot.
技术方案:Technical solutions:
高压输电线路巡检机器人智能感应充电装置,其特征在于:该装置包括高压导线(1)、变换器(2)、整流单元(3)、蓄电池(4)、控制系统(5)和计算机(6);其中高压导线(1)穿心的方式经过变换器(2)的感应端,变换器(2)的输出端与整流单元(3)的输入端相连接,整流单元(3)的输出端与蓄电池(4)的充电端相连接,变换器(2)、整流单元(3)和蓄电池(4)均与控制系统(5)双向连接,控制系统(5)的数据经过无线通讯和有线通讯技术与计算机(6)双向连接。An intelligent induction charging device for a high-voltage transmission line inspection robot, characterized in that the device includes a high-voltage wire (1), a converter (2), a rectifier unit (3), a battery (4), a control system (5) and a computer (6) ); where the high-voltage wire (1) passes through the induction end of the converter (2), the output end of the converter (2) is connected to the input end of the rectification unit (3), and the output end of the rectification unit (3) Connected to the charging terminal of the battery (4), the converter (2), the rectifier unit (3) and the battery (4) are bidirectionally connected to the control system (5), and the data of the control system (5) is transmitted through wireless communication and wired communication Two-way connection between technology and computer (6).
控制系统(5)包括执行机构(7)、信号转换单元(8)、显示单元(9)、显示驱动(10)、复位单元(11)、驱动保护单元(12)、电流检测单元(13)、时间检测单元(14)、电压检测单元B(15)、温度检测单元(16)、电压检测单元A(17)、谐波检测单元(18)、信号处理单元(19)、DSP(20)、通讯单元(21)和滤波单元(22),其中执行结构(7)的输出端与变换器(2)相连接,执行机构(7)的控制信号输入端与信号转换单元(8)的信号输出端相连接,信号转换单元(8)的信号输入端与DSP(20)的信号输出端相连接,显示单元(9)的信号输入端经过显示驱动(10)与DSP(20)的信号输出端相连接,复位单元(11)的信号输出端与DSP(20)的信号输入端相连接,驱动保护单元(12)的信号输出端与整流单元(3)的控制信号输入端相连接,驱动保护单元(12)的信号输入端与DSP(20)的PWM信号输出端相连接,电流检测单元(13)、时间检测单元(14)、电压检测单元B(15)的测量端与整流单元(3)相连接,电流检测单元(13)、时间检测单元(14)、电压检测单元B(15)的信号输出端经过信号处理单元(19)与DSP(20)的信号输入端相连接,滤波单元(22)于整流单元(3)与蓄电池(4)之间的直流母线两端相连接,温度检测单元(16)、电压检测单元A(17)、谐波检测单元(18)的测量端与蓄电池(4)相连接,温度检测单元(16)、电压检测单元A(17)、谐波检测单元(18)的信号输出端经过信号处理单元(19)与DSP(20)的信号输入端相连接,计算机(7)的通信信号输入端经过通讯单元(21)与DSP(20)的通信信号输出端相连接。The control system (5) includes an actuator (7), a signal conversion unit (8), a display unit (9), a display driver (10), a reset unit (11), a drive protection unit (12), and a current detection unit (13) , time detection unit (14), voltage detection unit B (15), temperature detection unit (16), voltage detection unit A (17), harmonic detection unit (18), signal processing unit (19), DSP (20) , a communication unit (21) and a filtering unit (22), wherein the output terminal of the execution structure (7) is connected to the converter (2), and the control signal input terminal of the actuator (7) is connected to the signal of the signal conversion unit (8) The output ends are connected, the signal input end of the signal conversion unit (8) is connected with the signal output end of the DSP (20), the signal input end of the display unit (9) is output through the display driver (10) and the signal output of the DSP (20) The signal output terminal of the reset unit (11) is connected with the signal input terminal of the DSP (20), the signal output terminal of the drive protection unit (12) is connected with the control signal input terminal of the rectification unit (3), and the drive The signal input terminal of the protection unit (12) is connected to the PWM signal output terminal of the DSP (20), and the measurement terminals of the current detection unit (13), the time detection unit (14), and the voltage detection unit B (15) are connected to the rectification unit ( 3) Phase connection, the signal output terminals of the current detection unit (13), the time detection unit (14), and the voltage detection unit B (15) are connected to the signal input terminal of the DSP (20) through the signal processing unit (19), and filtered The unit (22) is connected to both ends of the DC bus between the rectifier unit (3) and the battery (4), and the measurement terminals of the temperature detection unit (16), the voltage detection unit A (17), and the harmonic detection unit (18) Connected with the battery (4), the signal output terminals of the temperature detection unit (16), the voltage detection unit A (17), and the harmonic detection unit (18) pass through the signal processing unit (19) and the signal input terminal of the DSP (20) The communication signal input terminal of the computer (7) is connected with the communication signal output terminal of the DSP (20) through the communication unit (21).
高压导线(1)、变换器(2)、整流单元(3)、蓄电池(4)、控制系统(5)和计算机(6)均设置在底盘(09)上,底盘(09)的下端为行走轮(010);The high-voltage wire (1), converter (2), rectifier unit (3), battery (4), control system (5) and computer (6) are all arranged on the chassis (09), and the lower end of the chassis (09) is a walking wheel(010);
该底盘上还设置有碰撞缓冲装置,该碰撞缓冲装置包括缓冲板(011)、缓冲盒(012)和升降插杆;The chassis is also provided with a collision buffer device, which includes a buffer plate (011), a buffer box (012) and a lifting plunger;
缓冲板(011)为由横杆和竖板构成的L形结构,缓冲板(011)能做接近和分开底盘(09)的移动,缓冲板(011)的竖板设置在底盘(09)的侧面且与底盘(09)的侧面形成缓冲距离,缓冲板(011)的横杆伸至底盘(09)的底面下方的伸缩盒(025)内,伸缩盒(025)内设置有一级伸缩弹簧(026),该一级伸缩弹簧(026)套在缓冲板(011)的横杆上且一端与横杆固定,一端与伸缩盒(025)内壁固定,使得横杆向内(向底盘(09)的中部,即图4中向左的方向)移动时弹簧被压缩或拉伸;The buffer plate (011) is an L-shaped structure composed of horizontal bars and vertical plates. The buffer plate (011) can move close to and separate from the chassis (09). The vertical plate of the buffer plate (011) is set on the bottom of the chassis (09). The side and the side of the chassis (09) form a buffer distance, the cross bar of the buffer plate (011) extends into the telescopic box (025) below the bottom surface of the chassis (09), and the telescopic box (025) is provided with a primary telescopic spring ( 026), the primary telescopic spring (026) is set on the cross bar of the buffer plate (011) and one end is fixed to the cross bar, and the other end is fixed to the inner wall of the telescopic box (025), so that the cross bar faces inward (to the chassis (09) The middle part, that is, the direction to the left in Figure 4) moves when the spring is compressed or stretched;
缓冲盒(012)设置在底盘(09)的底部的中间位置,缓冲盒(012)的底部连接T形连接管,T形连接管为由立管(014)和横管(015)构成的T字形结构,缓冲盒(012)的底部连接T形连接管的立管(014),行走轮(010)的轴插入T形连接管的底部的横管(015)两端且行走轮(010)的轴能相对于横管(015)做轴向的抽插动作;The buffer box (012) is set in the middle of the bottom of the chassis (09), and the bottom of the buffer box (012) is connected to a T-shaped connecting pipe. Glyph structure, the bottom of the buffer box (012) is connected to the standpipe (014) of the T-shaped connecting pipe, the shaft of the traveling wheel (010) is inserted into the two ends of the horizontal pipe (015) at the bottom of the T-shaped connecting pipe and the traveling wheel (010) The axis of the shaft can perform axial thrusting action relative to the horizontal tube (015);
缓冲盒(012)内设置有齿轮(016)和两根齿条(017),两根齿条(017)设置在齿轮(016)的两侧并与齿轮(016)啮合,两根齿条(017)能做平行于底盘(09)地面的移动,且在移动时驱动齿轮(016)转动,两根齿条(017)的运动方向相反;两根齿条(017)分别连接一根连接杆(018),缓冲板(011)的横杆的前端通过连接件(027)连接至连接杆(018)的中部,使用时,连接杆(018)与缓冲板(011)的横杆连动,连接杆(018)上套有次级缓冲簧(028),连接杆(018)一端连接至连接杆(018)的端点,另一端与连接件(027)连接,齿轮(016)的中心为带有内螺纹的套孔;The buffer box (012) is provided with a gear (016) and two racks (017). The two racks (017) are arranged on both sides of the gear (016) and meshed with the gear (016). The two racks ( 017) It can move parallel to the ground of the chassis (09), and when moving, the drive gear (016) rotates, and the two racks (017) move in opposite directions; the two racks (017) are respectively connected to a connecting rod (018), the front end of the cross bar of the buffer plate (011) is connected to the middle part of the connecting rod (018) through the connecting piece (027). When in use, the connecting rod (018) is linked with the cross bar of the buffer plate (011), The connecting rod (018) is covered with a secondary buffer spring (028), one end of the connecting rod (018) is connected to the end point of the connecting rod (018), the other end is connected to the connecting piece (027), and the center of the gear (016) is a belt Hole with internal thread;
升降插杆为由主杆(013)和两个分叉的支杆(019)构成的开口朝下的Y形结构,主杆(013)的上端设置有外螺纹拉杆,该外螺纹拉杆与主杆(013)之间能相对转动且轴向距离不变;外螺纹拉杆伸进齿轮(016)的套孔内与该套孔螺纹配合,通过齿轮(016)的旋转控制升降插杆的升降;The lifting plunger is a Y-shaped structure with the opening facing downwards consisting of the main rod (013) and two bifurcated support rods (019). The upper end of the main rod (013) is provided with an externally threaded pull rod. The rods (013) can rotate relative to each other and the axial distance remains unchanged; the externally threaded pull rod extends into the sleeve hole of the gear (016) and cooperates with the thread of the sleeve hole, and controls the lifting and lowering of the insertion rod through the rotation of the gear (016);
在T形连接管的横管(015)的壁上开有通孔(020),该通孔与行走轮(010)的轴上的凹坑(021)位置对应,正常工作时,支杆(019)穿过通孔(020)后插入凹坑(021)内将行走轮(010)的轴与横管(015)相对固定;当缓冲板(011)的受到撞击时,缓冲板(011)的横杆向内移动并推动齿轮(016)旋转,使得升降插杆上升,使得支杆(019)离开通孔(020)和凹坑(021)完成解锁。There is a through hole (020) on the wall of the horizontal tube (015) of the T-shaped connecting pipe, which corresponds to the position of the pit (021) on the shaft of the walking wheel (010). 019) After passing through the through hole (020), insert it into the pit (021) to fix the shaft of the traveling wheel (010) and the horizontal tube (015) relatively; when the buffer plate (011) is hit, the buffer plate (011) The cross bar moves inward and pushes the gear (016) to rotate, so that the lifting plunger rises, so that the support rod (019) leaves the through hole (020) and the pit (021) to complete the unlocking.
缓冲板(011)的上部与底盘(09)的侧壁之间设置有缓冲弹簧(022)。A buffer spring (022) is arranged between the upper part of the buffer plate (011) and the side wall of the chassis (09).
主杆(013)设置在立管(014)内,立管(014)的侧壁设置有供支杆(019)伸出的条形通孔(023)以供支杆(019)实现升降。The main pole (013) is arranged in the standpipe (014), and the side wall of the standpipe (014) is provided with a strip-shaped through hole (023) for the support pole (019) to protrude for the support pole (019) to realize lifting.
行走轮(010)的轴伸进横管(015)的部分套有三级缓冲弹簧(024),三级缓冲弹簧(024)一端连接行走轮(010)的轴,另一端连接横管(015)内壁。The part where the shaft of the walking wheel (010) extends into the horizontal tube (015) is covered with a three-stage buffer spring (024). ) inner wall.
本发明的优点及有益效果:高压输电线路巡检机器人智能感应充电装置及控制系统利用感应取电技术,将高压输电线路周围的磁场转换为电能,通过DSP集中控制和管理实现智能化充电和电能管理,通过无线通讯和有线通讯将高压输电线路巡检机器人电能状态和充电情况发送给远程计算机,实现数据的多台巡检机器人的远程监管,同时系统具有电压、电流、温度和时间等参数的实时监测功能。同时,侧面防撞技术,很好的保证了行走小车在受到撞击时的保护性,专利技术具有结构简单、可靠性高、安全性好、通讯速率高等优点,为巡检机器人智能化技术的发展奠定基础。Advantages and beneficial effects of the present invention: the intelligent induction charging device and control system of the high-voltage transmission line inspection robot use the induction power-taking technology to convert the magnetic field around the high-voltage transmission line into electric energy, and realize intelligent charging and electric energy through DSP centralized control and management Management, through wireless communication and wired communication, the power status and charging status of the high-voltage transmission line inspection robot are sent to the remote computer to realize the remote supervision of multiple inspection robots for data. At the same time, the system has parameters such as voltage, current, temperature and time. Real-time monitoring function. At the same time, the side anti-collision technology ensures the protection of the walking car when it is hit. The patented technology has the advantages of simple structure, high reliability, good safety, and high communication speed. It is the development of intelligent technology for inspection robots. Lay the groundwork.
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明进行详细的说明。The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1高压输电线路巡检机器人智能感应充电装置结构简图;Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the intelligent induction charging device for the inspection robot of high-voltage transmission lines;
图2高压输电线路巡检机器人智能感应充电装置控制系统结构图;Fig. 2 Structural diagram of the control system of the intelligent induction charging device of the high-voltage transmission line inspection robot;
图3为碰撞缓冲装置结构示意图;Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the collision buffer device;
图4为右侧遇到碰撞时的状态图;Fig. 4 is a state diagram when the right side encounters a collision;
图5为齿轮几首示意图;Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of several gears;
1、高压导线;2、变换器;3、整流单元;4、蓄电池;5、控制系统;6、计算机;7、执行机构;8、信号转换单元;9、显示单元;10、显示驱动;11、复位单元;12、驱动保护单元;13、电流检测单元;14、时间检测单元;15、电压检测单元B;16、温度检测单元;17、电压检测单元A;18、谐波检测单元;19信号处理单元;20、DSP;21、通讯单元;22、滤波单元。1. High-voltage wire; 2. Converter; 3. Rectifier unit; 4. Battery; 5. Control system; 6. Computer; 7. Executing agency; 8. Signal conversion unit; 9. Display unit; 10. Display drive; 11 1. Reset unit; 12. Drive protection unit; 13. Current detection unit; 14. Time detection unit; 15. Voltage detection unit B; 16. Temperature detection unit; 17. Voltage detection unit A; 18. Harmonic detection unit; 19 Signal processing unit; 20. DSP; 21. Communication unit; 22. Filtering unit.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了达到上述发明目的,本发明提出一种高压输电线路巡检机器人智能感应充电装置及控制系统。In order to achieve the purpose of the above invention, the present invention proposes an intelligent induction charging device and a control system for a high-voltage transmission line inspection robot.
高压输电线路巡检机器人智能感应充电装置结构简图如图1所示,装置包括高压导线1、变换器2、整流单元3、蓄电池4、控制系统5、计算机6,其中高压导线1穿心的方式经过变换器2的感应端,变换器2的输出端与整流单元3的输入端相连接,整流单元3的输出端与蓄电池4的充电端相连接,变换器2、整流单元3、蓄电池4与控制系统5双向连接,控制系统5的数据经过无线通讯和有线通讯技术与计算机6的双向相连接。The structure diagram of the intelligent induction charging device for the high-voltage transmission line inspection robot is shown in Figure 1. The device includes a high-voltage wire 1, a converter 2, a rectifier unit 3, a battery 4, a control system 5, and a computer 6. The high-voltage wire 1 passes through the heart Through the induction terminal of the converter 2, the output terminal of the converter 2 is connected to the input terminal of the rectification unit 3, and the output terminal of the rectification unit 3 is connected to the charging terminal of the storage battery 4, and the converter 2, the rectification unit 3, and the storage battery 4 It is bidirectionally connected with the control system 5, and the data of the control system 5 is bidirectionally connected with the computer 6 through wireless communication and wired communication technology.
高压导线1在输电过程中线路周围产生交变磁场,变换器2利用交变磁场产生感应电动势,经过整流单元3将交流电转换为直流电,实现为蓄电池4供电。控制系统5对能量转换、整流和充电过程进行控制,并监测电压、电流、温度、时间、谐波等变量,同时将高压输电线路巡检机器人智能感应充电装置的数据发送给监控中心的计算机6,实现对充电过程的远程控制和管理。The high-voltage wire 1 generates an alternating magnetic field around the line during the power transmission process. The converter 2 uses the alternating magnetic field to generate an induced electromotive force, and the rectifier unit 3 converts the alternating current into a direct current to supply power for the battery 4 . The control system 5 controls the energy conversion, rectification and charging process, and monitors variables such as voltage, current, temperature, time, harmonics, etc., and at the same time sends the data of the intelligent induction charging device of the high-voltage transmission line inspection robot to the computer in the monitoring center 6 , to realize the remote control and management of the charging process.
高压输电线路巡检机器人智能感应充电装置控制系统结构图如图2所示,包括执行机构7、信号转换单元8、显示单元9、显示驱动10、复位单元11、驱动保护单元12、电流检测单元13、时间检测单元14、电压检测单元B15、温度检测单元16、电压检测单元A17、谐波检测单元18、信号处理单元19、DSP20、通讯单元21、滤波单元22,其中执行结构7的输出端与变换器2相连接,执行机构7的控制信号输入端与信号转换单元8的信号输出端相连接,信号转换单元8的信号输入端与DSP20的信号输出端相连接,显示单元9的信号输入端经过显示驱动10与DSP20的信号输出端相连接,复位单元11的信号输出端与DSP20的信号输入端相连接,驱动保护单元12的信号输出端与整流单元3的控制信号输入端相连接,驱动保护单元12的信号输入端与DSP20的PWM信号输出端相连接,电流检测单元13、时间检测单元14、电压检测单元B15的测量端与整流单元3相连接,电流检测单元13、时间检测单元14、电压检测单元B15的信号输出端经过信号处理单元19与DSP20的信号输入端相连接,滤波单元22于整流单元3与蓄电池4之间的直流母线两端相连接,温度检测单元16、电压检测单元A17、谐波检测单元18的测量端与蓄电池4相连接,温度检测单元16、电压检测单元A17、谐波检测单元18的信号输出端经过信号处理单元19与DSP20的信号输入端相连接,计算机7的通信信号输入端经过通讯单元21与DSP20的通信信号输出端相连接。The structure diagram of the control system of the intelligent induction charging device of the high-voltage transmission line inspection robot is shown in Figure 2, including the actuator 7, the signal conversion unit 8, the display unit 9, the display driver 10, the reset unit 11, the drive protection unit 12, and the current detection unit 13. Time detection unit 14, voltage detection unit B15, temperature detection unit 16, voltage detection unit A17, harmonic detection unit 18, signal processing unit 19, DSP20, communication unit 21, filter unit 22, wherein the output terminal of execution structure 7 Connected with the converter 2, the control signal input end of the actuator 7 is connected with the signal output end of the signal conversion unit 8, the signal input end of the signal conversion unit 8 is connected with the signal output end of the DSP20, and the signal input end of the display unit 9 end is connected with the signal output end of DSP20 through display driver 10, the signal output end of reset unit 11 is connected with the signal input end of DSP20, the signal output end of drive protection unit 12 is connected with the control signal input end of rectification unit 3, The signal input end of drive protection unit 12 is connected with the PWM signal output end of DSP20, and the measuring end of current detection unit 13, time detection unit 14, voltage detection unit B15 is connected with rectification unit 3, and current detection unit 13, time detection unit 14. The signal output terminal of the voltage detection unit B15 is connected to the signal input terminal of the DSP 20 through the signal processing unit 19, the filter unit 22 is connected to both ends of the DC bus between the rectifier unit 3 and the storage battery 4, the temperature detection unit 16, voltage The measurement terminals of the detection unit A17 and the harmonic detection unit 18 are connected to the storage battery 4, and the signal output terminals of the temperature detection unit 16, the voltage detection unit A17 and the harmonic detection unit 18 are connected to the signal input terminal of the DSP20 through the signal processing unit 19 , the communication signal input end of the computer 7 is connected with the communication signal output end of the DSP 20 through the communication unit 21 .
高压导线(1)、变换器(2)、整流单元(3)、蓄电池(4)、控制系统(5)和计算机(6)均设置在底盘(09)上,底盘(09)的下端为行走轮(010);The high-voltage wire (1), converter (2), rectifier unit (3), battery (4), control system (5) and computer (6) are all arranged on the chassis (09), and the lower end of the chassis (09) is a walking wheel(010);
该底盘上还设置有碰撞缓冲装置,该碰撞缓冲装置包括缓冲板(011)、缓冲盒(012)和升降插杆;The chassis is also provided with a collision buffer device, which includes a buffer plate (011), a buffer box (012) and a lifting plunger;
缓冲板(011)为由横杆和竖板构成的L形结构,缓冲板(011)能做接近和分开底盘(09)的移动,缓冲板(011)的竖板设置在底盘(09)的侧面且与底盘(09)的侧面形成缓冲距离,缓冲板(011)的横杆伸至底盘(09)的底面下方的伸缩盒(025)内,伸缩盒(025)内设置有一级伸缩弹簧(026),该一级伸缩弹簧(026)套在缓冲板(011)的横杆上且一端与横杆固定,一端与伸缩盒(025)内壁固定,使得横杆向内(向底盘(09)的中部,即图4中向左的方向)移动时弹簧被压缩或拉伸;The buffer plate (011) is an L-shaped structure composed of horizontal bars and vertical plates. The buffer plate (011) can move close to and separate from the chassis (09). The vertical plate of the buffer plate (011) is set on the bottom of the chassis (09). The side and the side of the chassis (09) form a buffer distance, the cross bar of the buffer plate (011) extends into the telescopic box (025) below the bottom surface of the chassis (09), and the telescopic box (025) is provided with a primary telescopic spring ( 026), the primary telescopic spring (026) is set on the cross bar of the buffer plate (011) and one end is fixed to the cross bar, and the other end is fixed to the inner wall of the telescopic box (025), so that the cross bar faces inward (to the chassis (09) The middle part, that is, the direction to the left in Figure 4) moves when the spring is compressed or stretched;
缓冲盒(012)设置在底盘(09)的底部的中间位置,缓冲盒(012)的底部连接T形连接管,T形连接管为由立管(014)和横管(015)构成的T字形结构,缓冲盒(012)的底部连接T形连接管的立管(014),行走轮(010)的轴插入T形连接管的底部的横管(015)两端且行走轮(010)的轴能相对于横管(015)做轴向的抽插动作;The buffer box (012) is set in the middle of the bottom of the chassis (09), and the bottom of the buffer box (012) is connected to a T-shaped connecting pipe. Glyph structure, the bottom of the buffer box (012) is connected to the standpipe (014) of the T-shaped connecting pipe, the shaft of the traveling wheel (010) is inserted into the two ends of the horizontal pipe (015) at the bottom of the T-shaped connecting pipe and the traveling wheel (010) The axis of the shaft can perform axial thrusting action relative to the horizontal tube (015);
缓冲盒(012)内设置有齿轮(016)和两根齿条(017),两根齿条(017)设置在齿轮(016)的两侧并与齿轮(016)啮合,两根齿条(017)能做平行于底盘(09)地面的移动,且在移动时驱动齿轮(016)转动,两根齿条(017)的运动方向相反;两根齿条(017)分别连接一根连接杆(018),缓冲板(011)的横杆的前端通过连接件(027)连接至连接杆(018)的中部,使用时,连接杆(018)与缓冲板(011)的横杆连动,连接杆(018)上套有次级缓冲簧(028),连接杆(018)一端连接至连接杆(018)的端点,另一端与连接件(027)连接,齿轮(016)的中心为带有内螺纹的套孔;The buffer box (012) is provided with a gear (016) and two racks (017). The two racks (017) are arranged on both sides of the gear (016) and meshed with the gear (016). The two racks ( 017) It can move parallel to the ground of the chassis (09), and when moving, the drive gear (016) rotates, and the two racks (017) move in opposite directions; the two racks (017) are respectively connected to a connecting rod (018), the front end of the cross bar of the buffer plate (011) is connected to the middle part of the connecting rod (018) through the connecting piece (027). When in use, the connecting rod (018) is linked with the cross bar of the buffer plate (011), The connecting rod (018) is covered with a secondary buffer spring (028), one end of the connecting rod (018) is connected to the end point of the connecting rod (018), the other end is connected to the connecting piece (027), and the center of the gear (016) is a belt Hole with internal thread;
升降插杆为由主杆(013)和两个分叉的支杆(019)构成的开口朝下的Y形结构,主杆(013)的上端设置有外螺纹拉杆,该外螺纹拉杆与主杆(013)之间能相对转动且轴向距离不变;外螺纹拉杆伸进齿轮(016)的套孔内与该套孔螺纹配合,通过齿轮(016)的旋转控制升降插杆的升降;The lifting plunger is a Y-shaped structure with the opening facing downwards consisting of the main rod (013) and two bifurcated support rods (019). The upper end of the main rod (013) is provided with an externally threaded pull rod. The rods (013) can rotate relative to each other and the axial distance remains unchanged; the externally threaded pull rod extends into the sleeve hole of the gear (016) and cooperates with the thread of the sleeve hole, and controls the lifting and lowering of the insertion rod through the rotation of the gear (016);
在T形连接管的横管(015)的壁上开有通孔(020),该通孔与行走轮(010)的轴上的凹坑(021)位置对应,正常工作时,支杆(019)穿过通孔(020)后插入凹坑(021)内将行走轮(010)的轴与横管(015)相对固定;当缓冲板(011)的受到撞击时,缓冲板(011)的横杆向内移动并推动齿轮(016)旋转,使得升降插杆上升,使得支杆(019)离开通孔(020)和凹坑(021)完成解锁。There is a through hole (020) on the wall of the horizontal tube (015) of the T-shaped connecting pipe, which corresponds to the position of the pit (021) on the shaft of the walking wheel (010). 019) After passing through the through hole (020), insert it into the pit (021) to fix the shaft of the traveling wheel (010) and the horizontal tube (015) relatively; when the buffer plate (011) is hit, the buffer plate (011) The cross bar moves inward and pushes the gear (016) to rotate, so that the lifting plunger rises, so that the support rod (019) leaves the through hole (020) and the pit (021) to complete the unlocking.
缓冲板(011)的上部与底盘(09)的侧壁之间设置有缓冲弹簧(022)。A buffer spring (022) is arranged between the upper part of the buffer plate (011) and the side wall of the chassis (09).
主杆(013)设置在立管(014)内,立管(014)的侧壁设置有供支杆(019)伸出的条形通孔(023)以供支杆(019)实现升降。The main pole (013) is arranged in the standpipe (014), and the side wall of the standpipe (014) is provided with a strip-shaped through hole (023) for the support pole (019) to protrude for the support pole (019) to realize lifting.
行走轮(010)的轴伸进横管(015)的部分套有三级缓冲弹簧(024),三级缓冲弹簧(024)一端连接行走轮(010)的轴,另一端连接横管(015)内壁。The part where the shaft of the walking wheel (010) extends into the horizontal tube (015) is covered with a three-stage buffer spring (024). ) inner wall.
遇到碰撞时,如图4所示,以右侧遇到碰撞为例,右侧遇到碰撞,缓冲板011竖板被挤压,缓冲弹簧022被挤压完成一级缓冲,缓冲板011横杆向内(图中的左侧)移动使得次级缓冲簧(028)拉伸,完成二级缓冲,之后如果力还存在,那么次级缓冲簧(028)就会带动连接杆(018)向内移动进而向内推动齿条017,使得齿轮016旋转,进而使得外螺纹拉杆带动升降插杆上升,使得支杆019离开通孔020和凹坑021完成解锁,而与此同时,如果冲击力继续,那么底盘09向图中的左侧移动,这时,左侧的三级缓冲弹簧024被拉伸而右侧的三级缓冲弹簧024被压缩完成三级缓冲,很好的保护整个底盘尤其是行走轮与底盘09的连接,避免损坏后重新维修。撞击结束后,将底盘复位,将支杆019重新插入通孔020和凹坑021完成临时锁定。When encountering a collision, as shown in Figure 4, taking the collision on the right side as an example, when the right side encounters a collision, the vertical plate of the buffer plate 011 is squeezed, the buffer spring 022 is squeezed to complete the first level of buffering, and the buffer plate 011 is horizontally squeezed. The movement of the rod inward (left side in the figure) makes the secondary buffer spring (028) stretch, completing the secondary buffer, and if the force still exists, the secondary buffer spring (028) will drive the connecting rod (018) to Move inward and then push the rack 017 inward, so that the gear 016 rotates, and then the external thread rod drives the lifting plunger to rise, so that the support rod 019 leaves the through hole 020 and the pit 021 to complete the unlocking. At the same time, if the impact force continues , then the chassis 09 moves to the left in the figure. At this time, the three-stage buffer spring 024 on the left is stretched and the three-stage buffer spring 024 on the right is compressed to complete the three-stage buffer, which protects the entire chassis especially The connection between the traveling wheels and the chassis 09 avoids damages and re-maintenance. After the impact, the chassis is reset, and the strut 019 is reinserted into the through hole 020 and the pit 021 to complete the temporary locking.
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