CN107424377A - The scene of a fire monitors detection system and method - Google Patents
The scene of a fire monitors detection system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107424377A CN107424377A CN201710611319.1A CN201710611319A CN107424377A CN 107424377 A CN107424377 A CN 107424377A CN 201710611319 A CN201710611319 A CN 201710611319A CN 107424377 A CN107424377 A CN 107424377A
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
- G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
- H04W40/02—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing
- H04W40/20—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing based on geographic position or location
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/18—Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
- H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
- H04W52/0225—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices using monitoring of external events, e.g. the presence of a signal
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
- H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
- H04W52/0225—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices using monitoring of external events, e.g. the presence of a signal
- H04W52/0235—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices using monitoring of external events, e.g. the presence of a signal where the received signal is a power saving command
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Abstract
The invention provides a kind of scene of a fire monitoring detection system and method, the system to include：WSN communication networks and fire alarm monitoring platform；The WSN networks include aggregator, terminal and router；The terminal includes field monitoring node and mobile terminal node；Router includes the routing node for routing iinformation, and customizes region positioning node, and each zone location node possesses unique route ID, and for realizing zone location function, aggregator realizes the convergence of information and the conversion of form；The fire alarm monitoring platform is to data real-time display.The present invention proposes a kind of scene of a fire monitoring detection system and method, accurate detection to scene of a fire flue dust is realized using various monitoring measures synthesis, it is necessary to number of sensors it is less, and reduce network congestion of sensor.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fire fighting monitoring, more particularly to a kind of scene of a fire monitoring detection system.
Background technology
When all kinds of social public arenas or enterprise produce, if due to operational error, ageing equipment or the reason such as artificial,
Cause combustible and explosive articles burning and short circuit, can not but find alarm in time, it will to public safety and production safety band
Greatly threaten.So effective monitoring to disaster hidden-trouble is highly important to production safety and public safety.Traditional
Monitoring system lacks flexibility, too relies on the communications facility based on electric wire and cable, expansibility deficiency.Even most
New wireless fire disaster monitoring system, there is also the defects of cost is high, node type is single.Such as solely utilize smoke gas sensor
Easily being disturbed by dust particle, the steam of evaporation and escaping gas, flue dust has that concentration is low, fly away fireballing feature,
Can not accurately detect and need to install enough sensors in place normally to work.
The content of the invention
To solve the problems of above-mentioned prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of scene of a fire monitoring detection system, including
WSN communication networks and fire alarm monitoring platform；The WSN networks include aggregator, terminal and router；The terminal includes scene
Monitoring node and mobile terminal node；Router includes the routing node for routing iinformation, and customizes region positioning node, often
Individual zone location node possesses unique route ID, and for realizing zone location function, aggregator realizes that the convergence of information is passed
The conversion of formula；The fire alarm monitoring platform is to data real-time display.
Another aspect provides a kind of scene of a fire that detection system is monitored according to the above-mentioned scene of a fire to monitor detection method：
Open and close operation is carried out to all field monitoring nodes by aggregator；In the on state, when dust concentration is exceeded,
Field monitoring node monitors flue dust, while sends warning information to aggregator and mobile terminal node, and information is including alarm etc.
Level and alarm position；WSN data frame analyzings are changed into serial ports frame by aggregator, obtain whole prison in real time by host computer client
Survey the situation in region；Mobile terminal node sends alarm after receiving information；It is clear by field monitoring node after alarm is excluded
Except alarm, field monitoring node is re-set as monitoring state.
Preferably, the zone location node ID application after the field monitoring node section reception aggregator open command please
Ask, after being successfully turned on and off, the alarm after the feedback and generation alarm to aggregator to mobile terminal node and aggregator
Information is sent；Operating system poll check task events mark bit array, after application-layer events are set, if receiving unlatching
Order, then to the positioning node application node ID away from its nearest neighbours in the form of unicast；Simultaneously with unicast transfer mode to convergence
Device feedback opens success command；When operating system enters the poll of next round, if parsing discovery receives return route ID lives
Order, then be expressed as opening by the monitoring state of node itself, and is shown to display screen, is then fed back with unicast fashion to telegon
Open successfully；
In the state of system opens monitoring, when operating system detects that hardware layer event flag position is set, judge
Which kind of event occurs；If alert event occurs then to analyze hardware layer event, sent out after determining risk class to aggregator
The alarm command of various grades is sent, is sent with group addressing transfer mode to all mobile terminal nodes and contains zone location node
ID alarm command.
The present invention compared with prior art, has advantages below：
The present invention proposes a kind of scene of a fire monitoring detection system and method, is realized using various monitoring measures synthesis to the scene of a fire
The accurate detection of flue dust, it is necessary to number of sensors it is less, and reduce network congestion of sensor.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is monitoring detection system module map in the scene of a fire according to embodiments of the present invention.
Embodiment
Retouching in detail to one or more embodiment of the invention is hereafter provided together with the accompanying drawing for illustrating the principle of the invention
State.The present invention is described with reference to such embodiment, but the invention is not restricted to any embodiment.The scope of the present invention is only by right
Claim limits, and the present invention covers many replacements, modification and equivalent.Illustrate in the following description many details with
Thorough understanding of the present invention is just provided.These details are provided for exemplary purposes, and without in these details
Some or all details can also realize the present invention according to claims.
An aspect of of the present present invention provides a kind of scene of a fire monitoring detection system and method.Fig. 1 is according to embodiments of the present invention
Scene of a fire monitoring detection system and method flow diagram.
Present system includes bottom WSN communication networks and fire alarm monitoring platform.WSN networks include aggregator, terminal and
Router.Wherein terminal includes field monitoring node and mobile terminal node.Router includes the route section for routing iinformation
Point, and region positioning node is customized, each zone location node possesses unique route ID, for realizing zone location work(
Can, aggregator realizes the convergence of information and the conversion of form.Fire alarm monitoring platform is to data real-time display.Keeper can pass through
Aggregator carries out open and close operation to all field monitoring nodes.The open and close are to the monitoring state in node
The operation of flag bit.Enter sleep state after node is closed, only system open command could wake up node.Field monitoring section
After point receives the open command that aggregator is sent, immediately to the zone location node application zone location section nearest from the node
Point ID.After zone location node ID is had successfully received, itself monitoring state is set to unlatching, at the same return to aggregator open into
Work(order.When field monitoring node, which receives, closes system command, fire alarm monitoring state is masked as closing, then to aggregator
Return and close success command.If aggregator and field monitoring nodal distance are long by zone location node and router come
Transfer information.
In the on state, when dust concentration is exceeded, sensor assembly can export low level.Field monitoring node monitors
Warning information is sent to flue dust, while to aggregator and mobile terminal node, information includes alert level and alarm position.Convergence
WSN data frame analyzings are changed into serial ports frame by device, obtain the situation of whole monitored area in real time by host computer client.It is mobile
Terminal node can send sound and light alarm and screen display after receiving information.After alarm is excluded, field monitoring node can be passed through
Alarm is removed, field monitoring node is re-set as monitoring state.
When personnel are during traveling, the mobile terminal node provisioned in it monitors that gas leaks, then mobile terminal section
Point sends sound and light alarm and sends alarm command to aggregator simultaneously.If the personnel for holding equipment can not solve alarm, can lead to
Cross node and the order that makes a request for help for including the node region positional information is sent to other staff.Other traveling mobile terminals
Node can quickly be rushed for supporting after receiving information.
Field monitoring node includes DSP module, power management module, antenna, crystal oscillator, buzzer and image capture module
And sensor assembly.Image capture module realizes the fire alarm monitoring and warning based on soot image.Employed in field monitoring node
Two sensor assemblies 1 and 2, and one of sensor 1 possesses independent power management module.When sensor 1 and 2 is
When low level is alarmed, excessive risk state is arranged to；When sensor 1 is alarm and sensor 2 is high level, middle rank is arranged to
Risk status；When sensor 1 be high level and sensor 2 is low level alarm when, be arranged to doubtful risk status.It is mobile whole
End node can be moved freely in target area by staffing, including DSP module, power management module, antenna, crystal oscillator, honeybee
Ring device, button, LCD MODULE and sensor assembly.Aggregator is responsible for establishing network, while converges and handle and come from bottom
The monitoring information of layer network.Zone location node adds the function of positioning on the basis of routing node.
Polling type operating system in system initialization and is opened based on WSN protocol stack.Operating system is responsible for whole system
Running, carry out the management and running to task.Detect whether there is fire in task successively from high to low according to task priority
Calamity event occurs, and if event of fire occurs, then calls corresponding processing function, continues to detect after being disposed.
Field monitoring node section receives the zone location node ID application request after aggregator open command, successfully opens
Or after closing, the warning message of mobile terminal node and aggregator is sent after the feedback and generation alarm to aggregator.Behaviour
Make system poll check task events mark bit array, after application-layer events are set, if receiving open command, with list
The form broadcast is to the positioning node application node ID away from its nearest neighbours.Simultaneously with unicast transfer mode to aggregator feedback open into
Work(order.When operating system enters the poll of next round, if parsing discovery receives return route id command, by node certainly
The monitoring state of body is expressed as opening, and is shown to display screen, is then opened successfully to telegon feedback with unicast fashion.
In the state of system opens monitoring, when operating system detects that hardware layer event flag position is set, judge
Which kind of event occurs.If alert event occurs then to analyze hardware layer event, sent out after determining risk class to aggregator
The alarm command of various grades is sent, is sent with group addressing transfer mode to all mobile terminal nodes and contains zone location node
The alarm command of ID various grades.
Mobile terminal node realizes itself monitoring to disaster hidden-trouble and sends the information sought help, secondly to receiving
The processing of field monitoring node warning message or other staff's help information.If operating system is in poll event mark bit array
Shi Faxian hardware layer events are set, then parse the event of generation.If sensor acquisition module exports low level alarm
Event then sends sound and light alarm and shows risk information and regional location to display screen, additionally arrives zone location node in application
Personnel's node alarm command is sent to aggregator with unicast fashion after ID.The effective order that mobile terminal node receives includes scene
Monitoring node alarm command and the order that makes a request for help.
Video image of the image capture module of field monitoring node based on capture carries out monitoring smoke dust.In video image
On, the increase area that flue dust is characterized as video frame number increases therewith, can not be caught until dust concentration is low enough to.The present invention carries
The geometric properties taken are that target area is divided into three parts by longitudinal direction, count the bright spot number of three parts respectively：Bottom
Mb, middle part Mm, top Mt.
Then the direction character of present invention extraction target area, carries out color space processing early stage to target image first,
Pending image is converted into gray level image：
Gray=0.3R+0.59G+0.11B
To the image after color space is handled, the gradient magnitude and gradient of each pixel in pending image are asked for
The angle value in direction, above and below pixel I (x, y), left and right pixel are calculated respectively, gradient formula is：
Gx(x, y)=I (x+1, y)-I (x-1, y)
Gy(x, y)=I (x, y+1)-I (x, y-1)
G (x, y)=(Gx(x, y)2+Gy(x, y)2)1/2
θ (x, y)=arctan (Gx(x, y)/Gy(x, y))
The image recognition of flue dust is carried out using the sort module of SVM generations, chooses substantial amounts of positive sample i.e. flue dust first
Sample and negative sample are free of flue dust sample.By carrying out IMAQ to video flowing, obtained successive video frames are intercepted out
Positive and negative samples, the direction character of positive and negative samples collection is extracted respectively and is combined as multidimensional characteristic vectors, is entered into SVM
Study, generate sort module.The target area of extraction is identified to more than, and the Coordinate Conversion for being identified as flue dust region is arrived
Former frame of video, the position where flue dust is then marked, this makes it possible to the region identified where flue dust.
If using the area growth rate in the doubtful flue dust region detected between continuous some frames or in a period of time come
Weigh the diffusivity of flue dust area.False alarm caused by stationary objects can also be excluded, effectively improves the discrimination of flue dust.Will
TiThe area of moment flue dust suspicious region is designated as Ai, ti+1The area of the flue dust suspicious region at moment is designated as Ai+k, then Ai+k-Ai
Represent ti+1Moment is relative to tiThe change that moment flue dust suspicious region area occurs：
Δ A=(Pi+k-Pi)/k
Wherein PiRepresent tiTotal pixel count of the flue dust suspicious region of time chart picture, Pi+kFor ti+kMoment flue dust is doubted
Like the pixel count in region, then the frame number being separated by between k expressions two field pictures.
For the numerical value of further regularization area growth rate, the present invention calculates its relative difference, that is, calculates the exhausted of flue dust
To area growth rate：
mi=(Pi+k-Pi)/k Pi
It is negative value for absolute area growth rate that may be present, further weakens air stream using the method for average value
Dynamic influence.Obtain apart from current time nearest n area growth rate m1, m2,...,mn, represent to work as with its average value
The absolute area growth rate at preceding moment, as the criterion for distinguishing flue dust and other moving objects：
Wireless sensor network is resource-constrained network, and the present invention is reduced based on the algorithm of fire transmission probability threshold value
The transmission of redundant data in network.The weighting of each measurement value sensor corresponding to each sensor node of bottom is calculated first
Value coefficient, then weighting value coefficient is substituted into regression algorithm, calculates the fire generation rate of each sensor node, last basis
Fire generation rate threshold value, obtains the transmission probability of network.I.e. fire generation rate be less than threshold value sensor node data not to
Transmission node transmits, so as to reduce the number of communications between whole network interior joint.
The algorithm first step carries out Data Integration to sensor node initial data, obtains the weighting of each scalar sensors value
Value coefficient.Second step draws the fire generation rate value of each sensor node, then according to the feature threshold value of regression model
Scope.3rd step is based on fire generation rate threshold value, calculates the transmission probability in corresponding cluster.
Wherein the first step carries out integrating weighting value coefficient to all the sensors measured value of a certain sensor node of t
Formula is：
Wherein, X* (t) is that weighted mean is integrated in t to the weighted average of each measurement value sensor of sensor node
As a result, X (t)=((x1(t))),(x2(t)) ... (xN(t) data acquisition)) is carried out to surrounding environment for t N number of sensor
The input data vector of obtained measured value, i.e. weighted mean；W (t)=((w1(t))),(w2(t)) ... (wN(t))) when being t
The vector of the weight coefficient composition of each measurement value sensor of weighted mean, represents each measurement value sensor to the section during quarter
The relative importance of the global estimation of fire generation rate occurs around point.
Data Integration step includes：The initial data that sensor is arrived first carries out Regularization：
By measurement value sensor xi(t) normally distributed random variable is used as, is denoted as xi(t)~N (μ, σ2).Its normal distribution
Function is：
WhereinK is pendulous frequency.
Step 3：When fire occurs, measurement value sensor is undergone mutation, xi(t) μ can be deviateed, utilize f (xi) and f (t)
(μi) between Euclidean distance represent each measurement value sensor of t sensor node weighted mean weight coefficient, they
Between Euclidean distance be：
Draw the weight coefficient of measurement value sensor:
Wherein, wi(t) meet：
Measurement value sensor xi(t) weight coefficient wi(t) it is directly proportional to the probability that fire around sensor node occurs.
The binary outcome probable value f (Z of fire occur for definitioni)：
Wherein ZiIt is the linear function of an independent variable：
Zi=B0+B1x1+B2x2+…+Bixi, wherein, BiFor measurement value sensor xiWeight.
Therefore, the fire generation rate prediction of sensor node is as follows：
Wherein, wT, wHWeight for temperature and humidity to fire generation rate；T0, H0Collected for safe condition lower sensor
Temperature and humidity maximum；B is regression constant；A is variation coefficient.
Further, the transmission probability be wireless sensor network in sensor node within the set time to cluster
Head node sends the number of packet.If there is M sensor node in a cluster, in set time T, each sensor node
C group data are collected, have sent mi(t) individual packet, the transmission probability PT in a cluster network in time T is calculated：
In summary, the present invention proposes a kind of scene of a fire monitoring detection system and method, is integrated using various monitoring measures
Realize accurate detection to scene of a fire flue dust, it is necessary to number of sensors it is less, and reduce network congestion of sensor.
Obviously, can be with general it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art, above-mentioned each module of the invention or each step
Computing system realize that they can be concentrated in single computing system, or be distributed in multiple computing systems and formed
Network on, alternatively, they can be realized with the program code that computing system can perform, it is thus possible to they are stored
Performed within the storage system by computing system.So, the present invention is not restricted to any specific hardware and software combination.
It should be appreciated that the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention is used only for exemplary illustration or explains the present invention's
Principle, without being construed as limiting the invention.Therefore, that is done without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention is any
Modification, equivalent substitution, improvement etc., should be included in the scope of the protection.In addition, appended claims purport of the present invention
Covering the whole changes fallen into scope and border or this scope and the equivalents on border and repairing
Change example.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of scene of a fire monitors detection system, it is characterised in that including WSN communication networks and fire alarm monitoring platform；The WSN nets
Network includes aggregator, terminal and router；The terminal includes field monitoring node and mobile terminal node；Router includes using
In the routing node of routing iinformation, and region positioning node is customized, each zone location node possesses unique route ID, is used for
Zone location function is realized, aggregator realizes the convergence of information and the conversion of form；The fire alarm monitoring platform logarithm factually when
Display.
A kind of 2. scene of a fire monitoring detection method of monitoring detection system in the scene of a fire according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Open and close operation is carried out to all field monitoring nodes by aggregator；In the on state, when dust concentration surpasses
Timestamp, field monitoring node monitors flue dust, while sends warning information to aggregator and mobile terminal node, and information includes police
Report grade and alarm position；WSN data frame analyzings are changed into serial ports frame by aggregator, are obtained in real time by host computer client whole
The situation of individual monitored area；Mobile terminal node sends alarm after receiving information；After alarm is excluded, pass through field monitoring section
Point removes alarm, and field monitoring node is re-set as into monitoring state.
3. according to the method for claim 2, the field monitoring node section receives the region after aggregator open command
Positioning node ID application requests, after being successfully turned on and off, to mobile terminal section after the feedback and generation alarm to aggregator
The warning message of point and aggregator is sent；Operating system poll check task events mark bit array, when application-layer events are set to
Behind position, if receiving open command, to the positioning node application node ID away from its nearest neighbours in the form of unicast；Simultaneously with list
Broadcast transfer mode and feed back unlatching success command to aggregator；When operating system enters the poll of next round, if parsing discovery connects
Return route id command is received, then is expressed as opening by the monitoring state of node itself, and is shown to display screen, then with unicast
Form is opened successfully to telegon feedback；
In the state of system opens monitoring, when operating system detects that hardware layer event flag position is set, which kind of judges
Event occurs；If alert event occurs then to analyze hardware layer event, sent respectively to aggregator after determining risk class
The alarm command of kind grade, is sent to all mobile terminal nodes with group addressing transfer mode and contains zone location node ID
Alarm command.
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