CN107424078B - Computing method for flashover of power transmission line caused by fire point data based on satellite remote sensing - Google Patents
Computing method for flashover of power transmission line caused by fire point data based on satellite remote sensing Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a computing method for causing flashover of a power transmission line by fire point data based on satellite remote sensing, which obtains the fire point data of mountain fire by analyzing a satellite remote sensing image; superposing the spatial data and the fire point data of the power transmission line to obtain the information of the power transmission equipment which is possibly influenced in the power grid system; calculating the spreading direction and the spreading rate of the mountain fire by using a Rothermel model; obtaining a power transmission line covered by the spread forest fire according to the spread direction and the spread rate of the forest fire; calculating the threshold height of the flashover of the power transmission line through approximate simulation of a temperature field corresponding to forest fire spreading; and when the height of the power transmission line covered by the spread forest fire is smaller than the threshold height, calculating information of the power transmission line and equipment with flashover in the power grid system. By using the method, the burning speed and range of the forest fire and the information of covered power transmission equipment can be timely and accurately known, the information of the line and the tower which can cause the line flashover can be judged, and the power transmission safety can be pertinently ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power transmission line fault risk assessment, in particular to a computing method for flashover of a power transmission line caused by fire point data based on satellite remote sensing.
Background
With the development of electric power construction, the construction projects of power transmission lines in mountainous areas are gradually increased, but the power transmission lines passing through the mountainous areas are extremely vulnerable to natural disasters such as mountain fires. When a mountain fire occurs, the main reasons for causing the fault tripping of the power transmission line are that the gap insulation level is reduced due to flame temperature, flame conductivity, ash and smoke, and an air gap breakdown flashover occurs.
Because the flashover of the power transmission line can cause regional power failure accidents, the shutdown modeling of the power transmission line when the mountain fire occurs is carried out, and the method has important significance on the reliable operation of the system under the mountain fire disaster. In the prior art, satellite remote sensing of a weather station is utilized to monitor the forest fire condition in real time, specifically, when the forest fire is monitored, a power transmission line near a fire source point is determined firstly, and then a scheduling department is informed so that the scheduling department can decide whether to adopt measures such as power failure and outage to avoid line flashover, or the grade of the forest fire in a region corresponding to the power transmission line is evaluated by combining with the result of weather forecast, so that a power grid can make a plan for preventing the forest fire of the power transmission line from tripping conveniently.
The power grid mountain fire early warning method has a positive promoting effect on the strategic target of the power grid to a certain extent. However, with the rapid development of power transmission informatization and the fine requirement of operation and maintenance management, the influence of the external environment on power transmission is more and more emphasized, and meanwhile, higher requirements on power grid forest fire early warning and protection capability are provided. Therefore, how to customize a scheduling and emergency plan in advance by positioning the area and the tower where the electric transmission line has flashover under the condition that a mountain fire spreads, and reasonably configuring the working state of the electric transmission line, ensuring the safety of the electric transmission line and reducing the economic loss brought to users due to power failure is very important.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems in the related art, the invention provides a computing method for flashover of a power transmission line caused by fire point data based on satellite remote sensing.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the method for calculating the flashover of the power transmission line caused by the fire point data based on satellite remote sensing comprises the following steps:
acquiring fire point data of the mountain fire by analyzing the satellite remote sensing image;
superposing the spatial data of the power transmission line with the fire point data to obtain the information of the power transmission equipment which is possibly influenced in the power grid system;
calculating the spreading direction and the spreading rate of the mountain fire by using a Rothermel model;
obtaining the power transmission line covered by the mountain fire spreading according to the spreading direction and the spreading rate of the mountain fire;
calculating the threshold height of the flashover of the power transmission line through approximate simulation of a temperature field corresponding to the mountain fire spread;
judging whether the height of the power transmission line covered by the mountain fire spreading is smaller than the threshold height;
and when the height of the power transmission line covered by the spread forest fire is smaller than the threshold height, calculating information of the power transmission line and equipment which are subjected to flashover in the power grid system, wherein the power transmission line and the equipment which are subjected to flashover are associated with the power transmission line covered by the spread forest fire.
Optionally, the fire point data comprises a longitude and latitude, a time of fire and a description of the fire point.
Optionally, calculating the propagation direction and propagation rate of the mountain fire by using a Rothermel model, including:
acquiring wind speed and direction, air humidity and vegetation combustible condition data acquired by an online monitoring terminal according to regional meteorological environment information and regional vegetation environment information near a forest fire;
and inputting the data of the wind speed and the wind direction, the air humidity and the vegetation combustible condition into a Rothermel model, and calculating the direction and the speed of the mountain fire spreading.
Optionally, the expressions of the mountain fire spreading rates are respectively
Direction and vector (phi) of the mountain fire spreading ratewxφsx，φwyφsy) In the same direction, the two ends of the steel wire are connected with the same wire,
wherein, IRto the reaction intensity, ξ is the propagation rate, phiwAs a correction factor for the wind speed, phiSAs a gradient correction factor, rhobThe density, effective coefficient, Q pre-combustion heat of the dried particles.
Optionally, obtaining the power transmission line covered by the mountain fire spreading according to the spreading direction and the spreading rate of the mountain fire, including:
calculating a fire passing track for the mountain fire to spread according to the spreading direction and the spreading speed of the mountain fire;
obtaining the power transmission line covered by the forest fire spread according to the position relation between the fire passing track and the power transmission line at each time;
wherein the expression of the track of the fire passing is
In the formula
IRto the reaction intensity, ξ is the propagation rate, phiwsIs the vector resultant direction, rho, of the wind speed correction factor and the slope correction factorbThe density, effective coefficient and Q pre-combustion heat of the dried particles are as follows, and t is the ignition time of the mountain fire.
Optionally, the expression of the threshold height of the flashover of the power transmission line is hth＝L+zthWherein:
l is the height of the flame,
zththreshold temperature T for flashover of high voltage circuitthIn correspondence with the critical value of z,
gamma is a proportionality coefficient, w0For drying combustible load, T0Is ambient temperature, CTThe heat value of the fuel, g is the gravity acceleration, R is the statistical average value of the mountain fire spreading speed, rho is the air density, C is the air specific heat capacity, D is the diffusion coefficient, T isMIs constant for temperature, IRIs the power per unit area to release heat.
According to the technical scheme, the calculation method for causing the flashover of the power transmission line by the fire point data based on the satellite remote sensing comprises the steps of firstly analyzing a satellite remote sensing image obtained from a weather station to obtain the mountain fire data of the mountain fire point, carrying out superposition analysis on power transmission space data through a GIS power grid framework to obtain data such as the distance between a power transmission device and the fire point, the coordinates of the power transmission device in a range, information of the power transmission device and the like, associating a power grid production system, and obtaining the information of the affected power transmission line, a tower and the like; then, acquiring regional meteorological environment information and regional vegetation environment information near the mountain fire through a meteorological station data interface, estimating the fire field spreading speed and direction through a Rothemel model by utilizing the acquired wind speed and direction, air humidity and vegetation combustible condition data, and determining the power transmission line and the tower covered by the mountain fire spreading; and finally, calculating the flashover threshold height of the high-voltage line by approximate simulation of the over-temperature field, thereby judging the information of the high-voltage line, covered towers and other equipment of the high-voltage line, which are caused by the flashover of the high-voltage line due to the burning of the mountain fire. By utilizing the calculation method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the burning speed and range of the forest fire and the information of covered equipment such as the transmission line, the tower and the like can be accurately known in time; moreover, the information of the line and the tower which can cause the line to have flashover can be judged through the algorithm, the transmission safety can be ensured in a targeted manner, and the economic loss brought to users due to power failure is reduced.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention, as claimed.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a calculation method for causing flashover of a power transmission line by fire point data based on satellite remote sensing according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a track of a fire passing boundary under a wind speed and slope statistical factor coordinate system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a track of a fire boundary under a natural geographic position coordinate system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present invention. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the invention, as detailed in the appended claims.
In order to solve and improve the problem that the existing mountain fire system cannot judge whether the burning of mountain fire can cause flashover of a high-voltage power transmission line and cannot effectively defend the flashover, the embodiment of the invention provides a computing method for flashover of the power transmission line caused by fire point data based on satellite remote sensing, the computing method comprises the steps of firstly analyzing a satellite remote sensing image obtained from a weather station to obtain mountain fire data of the mountain fire point, carrying out superposition analysis on power transmission space data through a GIS power grid framework to obtain data such as the distance between a power transmission device and the fire point, the coordinate of the power transmission device in a range, information of the power transmission device and the like, associating a power grid production system to obtain equipment information such as the affected power transmission line, a tower and; then, acquiring regional meteorological environment information and regional vegetation environment information near the mountain fire through a meteorological station data interface, estimating the fire field spreading speed and direction through a Rothemel model by utilizing the acquired wind speed and direction, air humidity and vegetation combustible condition data, and determining the power transmission line and the tower covered by the mountain fire spreading; and finally, calculating the flashover threshold height of the high-voltage line by approximate simulation of the over-temperature field, thereby judging the information of the high-voltage line, covered towers and other equipment of the high-voltage line, which are caused by the flashover of the high-voltage line due to the burning of the mountain fire.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a calculation method for causing flashover of a power transmission line by fire point data based on satellite remote sensing according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the method specifically includes the following steps:
s110: and obtaining the fire point data of the mountain fire by analyzing the satellite remote sensing image.
The longitude and latitude of the mountain fire point, the type (fire point and hot point), the description (including mountain fire, industrial fire, agricultural fire and the like) and the mountain fire data such as the time fire and the like are analyzed from the satellite remote sensing image.
S120: and superposing the spatial data of the power transmission line with the fire point data to obtain the information of the power transmission equipment which is possibly influenced in the power grid system.
Spatial data such as transmission equipment coordinates and transmission equipment information in the distance and range from the ignition point of the transmission equipment are overlapped, and the power grid production system is associated to obtain the affected equipment information such as the transmission line and the tower.
S130: and calculating the spreading direction and the spreading rate of the mountain fire by using a Rothermel model.
According to regional meteorological environment information and regional vegetation environment information near the mountain fire, wind speed and direction, air humidity and vegetation combustible condition data collected by an online monitoring terminal are integrated, and the mountain fire spreading direction and speed are evaluated by using a Rothermel model.
The algorithm model is as follows, and 11 input parameters of the Rothermel model are shown in the table I:
| symbol | Means of |
| w0 | Dry combustible loading |
| H | Heat of combustible material |
| σ | Surface area to volume ratio |
| δ | Depth of combustible bed |
| Mf | Water content ratio |
| SE | Has a mineral content |
| ST | Total mineral content |
| U | Middle part wind speed of flame |
| tanφ | Tangent of slope |
| Mx | Water content of extinguished combustible |
| ρb | Density of dried particles |
The 18 intermediate variables of the Rothermel model assist in calculating the magnitude of the burning velocity, as shown in Table two:
the statistical average value of the mountain fire spreading speed is as follows:
the direction is as follows: setting statistical factors of wind speed and slope direction to carry out horizontal and vertical decomposition, and finally obtaining speed direction and vector (phi)wxφsx，φwyφsy) In the same direction, i.e., the direction indicated by the major axis of the ellipse. Phi is awThe direction of (a) is the same as the projection of the slope direction in the horizontal direction, phiSIn the same direction as the wind direction, phiwAnd phiSThe vector composition direction of (a) is the direction in which the major axis of the ellipse is located. Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a fire boundary trajectory provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
as shown in fig. 1, the ignition point is located at a focus of an ellipse, a rectangular coordinate system is established with the direction of the fastest combustion as the x-axis, and the mathematical expression of the track of the boundary of the overfire is as follows:
by selecting each parameter coordinate system in the Rothemel model, the track in the reference system in the formula (2) is converted into the reference system selected in advance, and the geographic information is reflected more intuitively, as shown in fig. 3, for example, a rectangular coordinate system is established by using the east-west as an X axis and the north-south as a Y axis in the coordinate system selected in advance. The coordinates of the ignition point in the XY coordinate system are (Xc, Yc), and the counterclockwise included angle of the positive direction of the x-axis in the XY coordinate system is
The coordinate rotation and coordinate translation transformation can be used to obtain:
x＝c+a cosα
y ═ b sin α (α is a parameter, and may be 0 to 2 π) (4)
S140: and obtaining the power transmission line covered by the mountain fire spreading according to the spreading direction and the spreading rate of the mountain fire.
According to the formulas (3) and (4), when the time is fixed, the estimation of the fire passing track can be obtained by randomly taking alpha, and the power transmission line covered by the spread of the mountain fire can be obtained. And when the excessive fire track is just in contact with the power grid line at a certain moment, the estimated threshold time is obtained.
S150: and calculating the flashover threshold height of the power transmission line through approximate simulation of the temperature field corresponding to the mountain fire spread.
Based on the principle of physical heat conduction, under the windless condition:
in equation (5), ρ, C, D, T, f (x, y, z, T) are air density, air specific heat capacity, diffusion coefficient, temperature, time and heat per unit volume per unit time entering the differential volume, respectively, and f (x, y, z, T) can also be understood as the thermal power per unit volume of the zone into which the pyrogen radiates.
Under windy conditions, the air flow carries away a significant portion of the heat, especially at high wind speeds. Under windy conditions, the x direction is analyzed, and the heat taken away in unit volume in unit time is as follows:
similarly, y-direction and z-direction:
comprehensively obtaining:
so the differential equation of the temperature field under the action of wind is:
the temperature field can be calculated by the formula (4), the flame height L and the width D of a fire lineFThe relationship between them is as follows:
in equations (5) and (6), γ is a proportionality coefficient, T0Is the ambient temperature, g is the acceleration of gravity, Q1Is the thermal power, Q, of the fuel released per unit length of firing lineEIs the heat average of the temperature field. The equation transforms equation (6) as follows:
in the formula (7), the first and second groups,
i.e., the average heat released per unit area, can be determined by the equation I in the Rothemel modelRInstead, namely:
assuming the calorific value of the fuel is CT，w0CTRepresents the total heat released per unit area of fuel, and IRRepresenting the power per unit area to release heat, then w0CT/IRThe combustion life of the fuel is approximated and thus the firing line width can be approximated as:
r in formula (9) represents a statistical average value of the magnitude of the mountain fire spread rate.
Substituting equation (7) into equation (5) yields:
reduce equation (10) to:
substituting equation (9) into equation (11) yields:
temperature is a constant value TMAnd establishing a vertical one-dimensional reference system by taking the outer flame position as a coordinate origin.
Order, then
In combination with the definition of the resultant error distribution function, the above equation (14) is abbreviated
Setting the threshold temperature of the high-voltage circuit to be TthThe critical value of z corresponding to the temperature is zthThe following are:
by using the formula (16), z can be solvedthThreshold height h of the wirethIs composed of
hth＝L+zth(17)
S160: and judging whether the height of the power transmission line covered by the spread mountain fire is smaller than the threshold height.
S170: and when the height of the power transmission line covered by the spread forest fire is smaller than the threshold height, calculating information of the power transmission line and equipment which are subjected to flashover in the power grid system, wherein the power transmission line and the equipment which are subjected to flashover are associated with the power transmission line covered by the spread forest fire.
Superposing the mountain fire spreading speed and the coverage range with GIS power grid network frame coordinates to obtain equipment information in the thermal power coverage range, and associating the space equipment information in the mountain fire coverage range with power grid equipment production ledger information; using threshold height h of electric wirethAnd judging whether the high-voltage circuit is subjected to flashover or not, if so, associating the power grid production system to acquire information of the power transmission line and the equipment subjected to flashover, and otherwise, ending the algorithm flow.
Other embodiments of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention following, in general, the principles of the invention and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the invention pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the invention being indicated by the following claims.
It will be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise arrangements described above and shown in the drawings and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the invention is limited only by the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. A computing method for causing flashover of a power transmission line by fire point data based on satellite remote sensing is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring fire point data of the mountain fire by analyzing the satellite remote sensing image;
superposing the spatial data of the power transmission line with the fire point data to obtain the information of the power transmission equipment which is possibly influenced in the power grid system;
calculating the spreading direction and the spreading rate of the mountain fire by using a Rothermel model;
obtaining the power transmission line covered by the mountain fire spreading according to the spreading direction and the spreading rate of the mountain fire;
calculating the threshold height of the flashover of the power transmission line through approximate simulation of a temperature field corresponding to the mountain fire spread;
judging whether the height of the power transmission line covered by the mountain fire spreading is smaller than the threshold height;
when the height of the power transmission line covered by the spread forest fire is smaller than the threshold height, calculating information of the power transmission line and equipment which are subjected to flashover in the power grid system, wherein the power transmission line and the equipment which are subjected to flashover are associated with the power transmission line covered by the spread forest fire;
the expression of the flashover threshold height of the power transmission line is hth＝L+zthWherein:
l is the height of the flame,
zththreshold temperature T for flashover of high voltage circuitthIn correspondence with the critical value of z,
gamma is a proportionality coefficient, w0For drying combustible load, T0Is ambient temperature, CTThe heat value of the fuel, g is the gravity acceleration, R is the statistical average value of the mountain fire spreading speed, rho is the air density, C is the air specific heat capacity, D is the diffusion coefficient, T isMIs constant for temperature, IRIs the power per unit area to release heat.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the fire point data comprises a longitude and latitude, a time of fire, and a description of a fire point.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein calculating the propagation direction and the propagation rate of the mountain fire by using a Rothermel model comprises:
acquiring wind speed and direction, air humidity and vegetation combustible condition data acquired by an online monitoring terminal according to regional meteorological environment information and regional vegetation environment information near a forest fire;
and inputting the data of the wind speed and the wind direction, the air humidity and the vegetation combustible condition into a Rothermel model, and calculating the direction and the speed of the mountain fire spreading.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the expressions of the mountain fire spreading rates are respectively
Direction and vector (phi) of the mountain fire spreading ratewxφsx，φwyφsy) In the same direction, the two ends of the steel wire are connected with the same wire,
wherein, IRto the reaction intensity, ξ is the propagation rate, phiwAs a correction factor for the wind speed, phiSAs a gradient correction factor, rhobThe density of the dried particles is the effective coefficient, and Q is the heat of pre-combustion.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein obtaining the power transmission line covered by the mountain fire spreading according to the spreading direction and the spreading rate of the mountain fire comprises:
calculating a fire passing track for the mountain fire to spread according to the spreading direction and the spreading speed of the mountain fire;
obtaining the power transmission line covered by the forest fire spread according to the position relation between the fire passing track and the power transmission line at each time;
wherein the expression of the track of the fire passing is
In the formula
IRto the reaction intensity, ξ is the propagation rate, phiwsIs the vector resultant direction, rho, of the wind speed correction factor and the slope correction factorbThe density of the dried particles is effective coefficient, Q is pre-combustion heat, and t is the ignition time of the mountain fire.
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| CN108939349B (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2020-12-11 | 安徽美图信息科技有限公司 | Forest fire prevention rescue research and judgment method based on AI |
| CN109509319B (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2020-06-30 | 北京恒泰实达科技股份有限公司 | Power transmission line forest fire monitoring and early warning method based on static satellite monitoring data |
| CN110333519B (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2022-11-04 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Power transmission line forest fire monitoring method and device based on high-rail low-rail satellite data |
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