CN107422563B - Color-variable light adjusting intelligent window and light adjusting method - Google Patents
Color-variable light adjusting intelligent window and light adjusting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107422563B CN107422563B CN201710669398.1A CN201710669398A CN107422563B CN 107422563 B CN107422563 B CN 107422563B CN 201710669398 A CN201710669398 A CN 201710669398A CN 107422563 B CN107422563 B CN 107422563B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
- G02F1/13718—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on a change of the texture state of a cholesteric liquid crystal
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/13306—Circuit arrangements or driving methods for the control of single liquid crystal cells
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- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
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- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a color-light-adjustable intelligent window and a light adjusting method, wherein the intelligent window comprises: the power supply comprises two opposite light-transmitting substrates (1) and filler filled between the two light-transmitting substrates (1), wherein the two light-transmitting substrates (1) are respectively connected with two poles of a power supply component (2); the filler is filled with a dielectric fluid (3); one surface of the two light-transmitting substrates (1) which is in contact with the dielectric fluid (3) is attached with liquid crystal scales (4). The liquid crystal scales are directly driven to deflect by changing the voltage of the power supply, and different reflection wave bands are reversibly adjusted, so that the purpose of adjusting the color-variable light of the intelligent window is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a color-light-adjustable intelligent window and a light adjusting method.
Background
Most of light-adjusting glass adopts a method of coating a film on the surface of the glass to enable light of a certain wave band to be reflected or transmitted by the glass window, but the coated window can interfere communication and navigation, the regulation and control of the coated window are irreversible, and the existing light-adjusting glass cannot completely meet personal preference, change color at will and adapt to the climate of China.
The cholesteric liquid crystal material has the characteristic of selective reflection due to the special spiral structure, and the cholesteric liquid crystal is widely applied to the field of intelligent windows due to the special optical property. Single pitch cholesteric liquid crystal reflection wavelength
(
Is the average optical refractive index of the liquid crystal, and theta is the incident angle of light), when the P value is constant, the reflecting wave band can be changed by changing theta, namely, the wave band of the reflected light can be changed by changing the inclination angle of the cholesteric liquid crystal film; the reflection spectral bandwidth is represented by the formula Δ λ ═ ne-no)×P＝Δn×P(Δn＝ne-noBirefringence). The two properties of the liquid crystal are enough to meet the requirements of the liquid crystal intelligent window on personal preference and national climate, but the method can change the reflection color of the intelligent window only by changing the incidence angle of light.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a color-variable light adjusting intelligent window, which aims to solve the technical problem that the existing color-variable light adjusting intelligent window can only change the intelligent window by changing the incidence angle of light.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a color-tunable smart window, comprising: the LED power supply comprises two opposite light-transmitting substrates (1) and a filler filled between the two light-transmitting substrates (1), and is characterized in that the two light-transmitting substrates (1) are respectively connected with two poles of a power supply component (2); the filler is filled with a dielectric fluid (3); one of the two light-transmitting substrates (1) is attached with liquid crystal scales (4) on the surface in contact with the dielectric fluid (3).
As a further improvement of the invention, the light-transmitting substrate comprises glass and ITO electrodes coated on the surface of the glass, the ITO electrodes are connected with a power supply component, and the ITO electrodes of the two light-transmitting substrates are oppositely arranged. A frame is arranged between the two light-transmitting substrates and surrounds and seals the dielectric fluid, so that an interlayer is formed.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the dielectric fluid is: 1,1,5, 5-tetraphenyl-1, 3,3, 5-tetramethylsiloxane, propylene carbonate, glycidoxypropyl terminated polydimethylsiloxane, or other suitable dielectric fluid that does not dissolve or swell the liquid crystal flakes.
As a further improvement of the invention, the power supply assembly is provided with a switch and a voltage regulating device.
As a further improvement of the invention, the liquid crystal scales are made of cholesteric liquid crystal polymers, are regularly attached to the upper surface through chemical connecting layers on the upper surface of the lower glass substrate respectively, and are attached to the surface only at the same side.
As a further improvement of the invention, the liquid crystal flakes are obtained by reacting 0-100% of nematic liquid crystal A and/or 0-100% of nematic liquid crystal B, 0-100% of nematic liquid crystal C, 1.9-5.2% of chiral liquid crystal dopant, 0.5-2% of surfactant, 1-3% of photoinitiator and 200 ppm-2% of polymerization inhibitor according to weight percentage; the structural formula of the nematic liquid crystal A is as follows:
the structural formula of the nematic liquid crystal B is as follows:
the structural formula of the nematic liquid crystal C is as follows:
the structural formula of the chiral liquid crystal dopant is as follows:
the photo-inducer is phenyl bis (2,4, 6-trimethylbenzoyl) phosphine oxide, di-hydroxy-4' - (2-hydroxyethoxy) -2-methyl propiophenone, benzoin dimethyl ether or 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone. The polymerization inhibitor is p-methyl phenol; the surfactant is N-ethyl perfluorooctane sulfonamide ethyl methacrylate.
The invention also discloses a color-variable light adjusting method, which adopts the color-variable light adjusting intelligent window, and the electric field accessed through the light-transmitting substrate directly acts on the liquid crystal scales to deflect the liquid crystal scales in a single direction, thereby realizing the reflection and transmission of light with different wave bands.
As a further improvement of the invention, the deflection angle of the liquid crystal scale is increased by increasing the access voltage, so that the reflection wave band is blue-shifted; the deflection angle of the liquid crystal scale is reduced by reducing the access voltage, so that the reflection wave band is red-shifted.
After the technical scheme is adopted, the two light-transmitting substrates are respectively connected with the two poles of the power supply assembly (2); the filler is filled with dielectric fluid; liquid crystal scales are attached to the surface, in contact with the dielectric fluid, of one of the two light-transmitting substrates. The liquid crystal scales are directly driven to deflect by changing the voltage of the power supply, and different reflection wave bands are reversibly adjusted, so that the purpose of adjusting the color-variable light of the intelligent window is achieved. The technical problem that the existing color-variable light adjusting intelligent window can only change the intelligent window by changing the incident angle of light is solved.
Drawings
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a variable color light adjusting smart window;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a variable color light adjusting smart window with no driving voltage applied;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a variable color light adjusting smart window with a driving voltage applied;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a variable color light adjusting smart window reflecting light of a particular wavelength band without a driving voltage;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a variable color light adjusting smart window reflecting light of a particular wavelength band when a driving voltage is applied.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a liquid crystal window reflecting light of a specific wavelength band at different deflection angles.
Detailed Description
The electrically-responsive variable color light adjusting smart window shown in fig. 1 includes two light-transmissive substrates 1 and a dielectric fluid 3 filled between the two light-transmissive substrates 1. One of the two light-transmitting substrates, namely the lower light-transmitting substrate, is attached with liquid crystal scales 4 on the surface contacting with the dielectric fluid.
The two light-transmitting substrates 1 are oppositely arranged, and the upper light-transmitting substrate 1 is composed of glass, an ITO electrode 5 coated on the surface of the glass and a polyvinyl alcohol orientation layer 7. The ITO electrodes 5 of the upper and lower transparent substrates are oppositely arranged and respectively connected with two poles of the power supply component 2, so when the two ITO electrodes 5 are electrified, an electric field is formed between the two transparent substrates 1, and the magnitude of the electric field is related to the access voltage of the ITO electrodes 5.
A plurality of liquid crystal scales 4 are attached to the upper surface of the lower glass substrate 1 through a chemical connecting layer 8 to form a single-layer scale layer. In the initial state, as shown in fig. 2, the liquid crystal flakes 4 form an alignment parallel to the light-transmitting substrate 1 together with the dielectric fluid 3; after the transparent substrate 1 is powered on, the liquid crystal flakes 4 can be deflected directionally under the action of the electric field, as shown in fig. 3. The liquid crystal scales 4 are formed by photoetching cholesteric liquid crystal mixtures. The material of the liquid crystal flakes can be the existing liquid crystal which can achieve the above functions, and can also be produced through the description in the text.
The liquid crystal scales 4 are respectively and regularly attached to the upper surface of the lower light-transmitting substrate in a single-side mode through the following modes:
1) preparing mixed liquid crystal: under the condition of yellow light, weighing a nematic liquid crystal A, a nematic liquid crystal B, a nematic liquid crystal C, a chiral dopant, a photoinducer, a surfactant and a polymerization inhibitor in proportion into an ultraviolet-proof reagent bottle, adding a quantitative solvent, uniformly mixing, and volatilizing the mixed solution on a 65-DEG C hot stage for 2 hours to obtain a mixed liquid crystal; the solvent for the polymerization inhibitor solution is only required to be soluble and non-reactive with each component; for example, methylene chloride can be used as a solvent.
2) And (3) treating the chemical connection layer: after the transparent substrate is soaked in the treated 3- (methacryloyloxy) propyl trimethoxy silane solution for one hour at room temperature, the transparent substrate is baked in a 110-degree oven for 2 hours to generate active connection groups, and the treatment of the connection layer can be realized by the following three ways:
firstly, covering a mask plate on the upper surface of a lower light-transmitting substrate 1, and directly damaging carbon-carbon double bonds at non-attached positions by an ultraviolet light source;
soaking the processed transparent substrate in a solution added with a photoinitiator for 5 minutes, covering a mask plate on the upper surface of the lower transparent substrate 1, and destroying carbon-carbon double bonds at non-attached positions by using an ultraviolet light source;
adding perfluorohexyl octyl acrylate into the connecting layer, soaking the treated light-transmitting substrate in a solution added with a photoinitiator for 5 minutes, covering a mask plate on the upper surface of the lower light-transmitting substrate 1, connecting carbon-carbon double bonds and non-active groups at non-attaching positions by an ultraviolet light source, and simultaneously forming a low surface energy surface to prevent the scales from being completely attached.
3) Preparing liquid crystal scales: coating the mixed liquid crystal on the upper surface of a lower transparent substrate 1 subjected to a series of chemical treatments in a blade coating mode under the room temperature condition of yellow light, covering a mask plate, and curing for 2-10 seconds by an ultraviolet light source in the environment of nitrogen, wherein the intensity of the ultraviolet light source is 20-30kw/cm2In the meantime. The lower transparent substrate 1 after curing is immersed in an ethanol solution to completely dissolve the unreacted mixed liquid crystal monomer in the solution for development.
4) Thermal curing: the developed transparent substrate was placed on a 135 deg.C hot stage and thermally cured for 20 minutes.
As shown in fig. 1, a frame 6 is disposed between the two transparent substrates 1, and the frame 6 encloses the dielectric fluid 3 and the liquid crystal flakes 4 to form an interlayer.
Generally, as long as the ITO electrode 5 is connected with a voltage, the liquid crystal flakes 4 can deflect, so as to change the reflection wave band, and in order to make the deflection angle adjustable, the connected voltage can be changed, and the smaller the voltage is, the smaller the electric field between the two transparent substrates 1 is, the smaller the deflection angle of the liquid crystal flakes 4 is, and vice versa. The power supply module 2 of the present embodiment is provided with the switch 21 and the voltage adjusting means.
In particular, the power supply module 2 may comprise a power supply, the voltage regulating means being integrated in the power supply such that the voltage of the power supply is controllable, the two ITO electrodes 5 being connected to the two poles of the power supply, and the switch 21 being connected in series to the power supply. Different voltages can be applied to the light-transmitting substrate 1 through the on-off of the switch 21 and the control of the power supply voltage to form an electric field, and the liquid crystal scales 4 deflect under the action of the electric field to realize the control of the reflection and the transmission of light with different wave bands.
The voltage regulating device may be in various forms, and for example, the voltage regulation may be realized by connecting a sliding varistor in series with the power supply.
Referring to fig. 5, when a voltage between two light-transmissive substrates 1 is applied to a certain value, the liquid crystal scales 4 are deflected by approximately 90 degrees, and the smart window transmits light of almost all bands.
The color-variable light-adjusting intelligent window directly acts on the liquid crystal scales 4 through an electric field accessed to the light-transmitting substrate 1, and deflects the liquid crystal scales in a single direction, so that reflection and transmission of light with different wave bands are realized. Specifically, the access voltage is increased to increase the deflection angle of the liquid crystal scale 4, so that the reflection waveband is blue-shifted; the deflection angle of the liquid crystal scale 4 is reduced by reducing the access voltage, so that the reflection wave band is red-shifted.
The color-changeable light-adjustable intelligent window can adjust the reflectivity and the transmissivity of light with different wave bands according to the wishes of people, so that the effect of being warm in winter and cool in summer can be achieved while the preference of people is met.
Claims (7)
1. A color-tunable smart window, comprising: the LED power supply comprises two opposite light-transmitting substrates (1) and a filler filled between the two light-transmitting substrates (1), and is characterized in that the two light-transmitting substrates (1) are respectively connected with two poles of a power supply component (2); the filler is a dielectric fluid (3); one of the two light-transmitting substrates (1) is attached with a liquid crystal scale (4) on the surface in contact with the dielectric fluid (3), the liquid crystal scale is formed by photoetching a cholesteric liquid crystal mixture, and the liquid crystal scale is formed by photoetching the cholesteric liquid crystal mixture and comprises the following specific steps: under the room temperature condition of yellow light, coating the mixed liquid crystal on the upper surface of the lower transparent substrate after a series of chemical treatments in a blade coating mode, covering a mask plate, curing the mixed liquid crystal by an ultraviolet light source in the environment of nitrogen, and soaking the cured lower transparent substrate in an ethanol solution to completely dissolve unreacted mixed liquid crystal monomers in the solution for development treatment to form the transparent substrate.
2. The variable color light adjustable smart window of claim 1, wherein: the two light-transmitting substrates (1) comprise glass and ITO electrodes (5) coated on the surface of the glass, the ITO electrodes (5) are connected with the power supply assembly (2), the ITO electrodes (5) of the two light-transmitting substrates (1) are oppositely arranged, a frame (6) is arranged between the two light-transmitting substrates (1), and the frame (6) surrounds and seals the dielectric fluid (3) to form an interlayer.
3. The variable color light adjustable smart window according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the dielectric fluid (3) is: 1,1,5, 5-tetraphenyl-1, 3,3, 5-tetramethylsiloxane, propylene carbonate, glycidoxypropyl terminated polydimethylsiloxane, or a dielectric fluid that does not dissolve or swell the liquid crystal flakes.
4. The variable color light adjustable smart window of claim 1, wherein: the power supply assembly (2) is provided with a switch (21) and a voltage regulating device in a matching way.
5. The variable color light adjustable smart window of claim 1, wherein: the liquid crystal scales are made of cholesteric liquid crystal polymers, are regularly attached to the upper surface through a chemical connecting layer (8) on the upper surface of the lower glass substrate (1), and are attached to the upper surface only at the same side.
6. The light adjustment method of a variable color light adjustment smart window according to claim 1, 2,4 or 5, characterized in that: an electric field accessed by the light-transmitting substrate (1) directly acts on the liquid crystal scales (4) to deflect the liquid crystal scales in a single direction, so that the reflection and the transmission of light with different wave bands are realized.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein: increasing the access voltage to increase the deflection angle of the liquid crystal scales (4) so as to enable the reflection wave band to be blue-shifted; the deflection angle of the liquid crystal scale (4) is reduced by reducing the access voltage, so that the reflection wave band is red-shifted.
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