CN107416981B - Wetland treatment type water treatment system beneficial to generation of biofilm on surface of biological filler - Google Patents
Wetland treatment type water treatment system beneficial to generation of biofilm on surface of biological filler Download PDFInfo
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- CN107416981B CN107416981B CN201710351009.0A CN201710351009A CN107416981B CN 107416981 B CN107416981 B CN 107416981B CN 201710351009 A CN201710351009 A CN 201710351009A CN 107416981 B CN107416981 B CN 107416981B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological environment engineering, and particularly relates to a wetland treatment type water treatment system beneficial to generation of a biological film on the surface of a biological filler. The invention provides a wetland treatment type water treatment system, comprising: the biological filler unit is used for performing biological membrane treatment on a water body to be treated, and biological fillers are arranged in the biological filler unit; the wetland unit is used for performing wetland purification treatment on the water body subjected to the biofilm treatment, and sequentially comprises an emergent aquatic plant area and a submerged plant area according to the flowing direction of the water body; the biological filler unit is in fluid communication with the wetland unit through a biological filler unit water outlet pipeline, and the biological filler unit is also in fluid communication with the wetland unit through a return pipeline. The invention has the characteristics of short forming time, good biological membrane activity effect and high water quality purification efficiency, and can improve the water body treatment effect of the biological membrane when the biological filler is applied to the treatment of natural water bodies such as wetlands, riverways and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological environment engineering, in particular relates to a wetland treatment type water treatment method and system beneficial to the generation of a biological film on the surface of a biological filler, and further relates to a novel biological filler surface biological film generation method.
Background
At present, in the field of purification of raw water of a polluted drinking water source, the ecological purification technology which is widely applied mainly comprises an artificial wetland, an ecological grass artificial medium, an ecological floating bed and the like, in recent years, the ecological purification technology of the raw water of the polluted drinking water source formed by combining the ecological purification technology improves the quality of the raw water of the drinking water source, and the Chinese invention patent specification with the application number of 201210181368.3 discloses a technology which comprises a pretreatment purification unit, a composite wetland purification unit, a high-efficiency oxidation purification unit, a submerged plant purification unit and a deep purification unit. In the process, the raw water of the drinking water source is relatively good, so that the biofilm formation period on the surface of the biological filler in the pretreatment unit is long, the activity of the biofilm is not high, and the water purification effect cannot be effectively exerted.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a wetland treatment type water treatment method and system for solving the problems of the prior art.
In order to achieve the above and other related objects, a first aspect of the present invention provides a wetland treatment type water treatment method, comprising the steps of:
introducing a water body to be treated into a biological filler unit for biological membrane treatment, wherein biological fillers are arranged in the biological filler unit;
introducing the water body subjected to the biofilm treatment into a wetland unit for wetland purification treatment, wherein the wetland unit sequentially comprises an emergent aquatic plant area and a submerged plant area according to the flow direction of the water body, and at least part of submerged plants and/or water and/or mud in the submerged plant area are refluxed to a biological filler unit as a carbon source;
the total organic carbon content of the water in the biological filler unit is more than or equal to 12 mg/L, the oxygen content of the water in the biological filler unit is more than or equal to 7.5 mg/L, and when the biological film on the biological filler is aged, the aged biological film on the biological filler is blown off.
In some embodiments of the invention, the hydraulic retention time in the bio-filler unit is ≧ 3 h.
In some embodiments of the invention, the bio-filler unit has a water depth of 1.0 to 2.0 m.
In some embodiments of the invention, the biological filler is selected from a biological rope type filler and/or a geotextile type filler.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the biological filler unit is sequentially provided with biological rope type fillers and geotextile type fillers according to the flowing direction of the water body.
In some embodiments of the invention, the geotextile-like filler is located behind the biological filler unit, preferably in the rear 10-15% of the water body, in the direction of flow of the water body.
In some embodiments of the invention, the ratio of the volume of the biological rope type filler in the water body to the total volume of the water body in the biological filler area in the biological filler unit is more than or equal to 75%.
In some embodiments of the invention, the biological filler unit comprises a plurality of biological rope-like fillers distributed in the water body of the biological filler unit.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the material of the biological rope type filler is polypropylene and/or vinylon, and the material of the geotextile type filler is a nonwoven geotextile.
In some embodiments of the invention, the outer diameter of the biological rope filler is 80-120 mm.
In some embodiments of the invention, the specific surface area of the biological rope filler is 1.6-2.4 m2/m。
In some embodiments of the invention, the ratio of the retention area of the geotextile type filler to the cross section of the water body is more than or equal to 75% according to the flow direction of the water body.
In some embodiments of the invention, the specification of the geotextile filler is more than or equal to 400g/m2The thickness is more than or equal to 3mm, and the equivalent aperture is 0.07-0.2 mm.
In some embodiments of the invention, the oxygen content of the water in the biofilm pack unit is maintained and/or aged biofilm on the biofilm is blown off by introducing a gas-water mixture, which is a mixture of the water to be treated and the gas.
In some embodiments of the invention, the gas-water mixture is introduced at the bottom of the bio-packing unit.
In some embodiments of the invention, the gas-water mixture has a bubble size of 200nm or less.
In some embodiments of the invention, the dissolved oxygen content in the gas-water mixture is greater than or equal to 12 mg/L.
In some embodiments of the invention, the flow rate of the gas-water mixture is greater than or equal to 1 (m)3·h-1)/(m3Unit volume of the unit area of the biological filler).
In some embodiments of the present invention, the aging of the biofilm specifically means that the activity of the biofilm is reduced by more than 50%, preferably by more than 60%, more preferably by more than 70%, and more preferably by more than 80%.
In some embodiments of the invention, the hydraulic retention time of the emergent aquatic plant area is greater than or equal to 36 h.
In some embodiments of the invention, the emergent aquatic plant area has a water depth of 0.1-0.5 m.
In some embodiments of the invention, the emergent aquatic plant area is planted with an emergent aquatic plant selected from one or more of reed, cattail, calamus, thalictrum, allium mongolicum, zizania latifolia.
In some embodiments of the invention, the emergent aquatic plants are planted at a density of more than or equal to 6 plants/m2And the height of each emergent aquatic plant is more than or equal to 40 cm.
In some embodiments of the invention, the hydraulic retention time of the submerged plant area is ≥ 24 h.
In some embodiments of the invention, the submerged plant area has a water depth of 1.3-2.3 m.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the submerged plant area is planted with submerged plants selected from a combination of one or more of eel grass, black algae, goldfish algae, foxtail algae, potamogeton crispus, waterweed.
In some embodiments of the invention, the submerged plant is planted at a density of 10 clumps/m or more2Each cluster is more than or equal to 10 plants, and the length of each plant is more than or equal to 15 cm.
In some embodiments of the invention, the total organic carbon content of the stream from the submerged plant area that is returned to the bio-filler unit is ≧ 40 mg/L.
In some embodiments of the invention, the content of organic carbon provided by the mud is ≧ 15mg/g in the stream from the submerged plant area that is refluxed to the bio-filler unit.
In some embodiments of the invention, the content of organic carbon provided by the submerged plants is ≥ 85mg/g in the stream from which the submerged plant area is returned to the bio-filler unit.
In some embodiments of the invention, the stream that is returned to the bio-filler unit from the submerged plant area is returned to the bottom of the bio-filler unit.
In some embodiments of the invention, at least a portion of the submerged plants and/or the body of water and/or the mud in the submerged plant zone are returned to the bio-filler unit from the bottom of the submerged plant zone as a carbon source.
In some embodiments of the invention, the stream that is returned to the bio-filler unit from the submerged plant area is also subjected to a crushing treatment.
In some embodiments of the invention, the flow rate of the stream that is returned from the submerged plant area to the bio-filler unit is ≥ 0.5(m3·h-1)/(m3Unit volume of the unit area of the biological filler).
A second aspect of the present invention provides a wetland treatment type water treatment system comprising:
the biological filler unit is used for performing biological membrane treatment on a water body to be treated, and biological fillers are arranged in the biological filler unit;
the wetland unit is used for performing wetland purification treatment on the water body subjected to the biofilm treatment, and sequentially comprises an emergent aquatic plant area and a submerged plant area according to the flowing direction of the water body;
the biological filler unit is in fluid communication with the wetland unit through a biological filler unit water outlet pipeline, and the biological filler unit is also in fluid communication with the wetland unit through a return pipeline.
In some embodiments of the invention, the hydraulic retention time in the bio-filler unit is ≧ 3 h.
In some embodiments of the invention, the bio-filler unit has a water depth of 1.0 to 2.0 m.
In some embodiments of the invention, the biological filler is selected from a biological rope type filler and/or a geotextile type filler.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the biological filler unit is sequentially provided with biological rope type fillers and geotextile type fillers according to the flowing direction of the water body.
In some embodiments of the invention, the geotextile-like filler is located behind the biological filler unit, preferably in the rear 10-15% of the water body, in the direction of flow of the water body.
In some embodiments of the invention, the ratio of the volume of the biological rope type filler in the water body to the total volume of the water body in the biological filler area in the biological filler unit is more than or equal to 75%.
In some embodiments of the invention, the biological filler unit comprises a plurality of biological rope-like fillers distributed in the water body of the biological filler unit.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the material of the biological rope type filler is polypropylene and/or vinylon, and the material of the geotextile type filler is a nonwoven geotextile.
In some embodiments of the invention, the outer diameter of the biological rope filler is 80-120 mm.
In some embodiments of the invention, the specific surface area of the biological rope filler is 1.6-2.4 m2/m。
In some embodiments of the invention, a biological filler frame for placing biological filler is arranged in the biological filler unit.
In some embodiments of the invention, the ratio of the retention area of the geotextile type filler to the cross section of the water body is more than or equal to 75% according to the flow direction of the water body.
In some embodiments of the invention, the specification of the geotextile filler is more than or equal to 400g/m2The thickness is more than or equal to 3mm, and the equivalent aperture is 0.07-0.2 mm.
In some embodiments of the invention, the biological filler unit is in fluid communication with a gas-water mixture generating device, the gas-water mixture generating device comprises a gas-water mixture generator, the fluid outlet of the gas-water mixture generating device is preferably located at the bottom of the biological filler unit, and the fluid outlet holes of the gas-water mixture generating device are uniformly distributed in the biological filler unit.
In some embodiments of the invention, the particle size of the bubbles in the gas-water mixture generated by the gas-water mixture generating device is less than or equal to 200 nm.
In some embodiments of the invention, the content of dissolved oxygen in the gas-water mixture generated by the gas-water mixture generating device is more than or equal to 12 mg/L.
In some embodiments of the invention, the flow rate of the gas-water mixture generated by the gas-water mixture generating device is more than or equal to 1 (m)3·h-1)/(m3Unit volume of the unit area of the biological filler).
In some embodiments of the invention, the device further comprises a to-be-treated water storage unit, the to-be-treated water storage unit is in fluid communication with the biological filler unit through a biological filler unit water inlet pipeline, and the to-be-treated water storage unit is also in fluid communication with the gas-water mixture generating device through a gas-water mixture conveying pipeline.
In some embodiments of the invention, the hydraulic retention time of the emergent aquatic plant area is greater than or equal to 36 h.
In some embodiments of the invention, the emergent aquatic plant area has a water depth of 0.1-0.5 m.
In some embodiments of the invention, the emergent aquatic plant area is planted with an emergent aquatic plant selected from one or more of reed, cattail, calamus, thalictrum, allium mongolicum, zizania latifolia.
In some embodiments of the invention, the emergent aquatic plants are planted at a density of more than or equal to 6 plants/m2And the height of each emergent aquatic plant is more than or equal to 40 cm.
In some embodiments of the invention, the hydraulic retention time of the submerged plant area is ≥ 24 h.
In some embodiments of the invention, the submerged plant area has a water depth of 1.3-2.3 m.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the submerged plant area is planted with submerged plants selected from a combination of one or more of eel grass, black algae, goldfish algae, foxtail algae, potamogeton crispus, waterweed.
In some embodiments of the invention, the submerged plant is planted at a density of 10 clumps/m or more2Each cluster is more than or equal to 10 plants, and the length of each plant is more than or equal to 15 cm.
In some embodiments of the invention, the inlet of the return conduit is located at the bottom of the submerged plant area.
In some embodiments of the invention, the outlet of the return conduit is located at the bottom of the biological filler unit, and the outlet holes of the return conduit are generally evenly distributed in the biological filler unit.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the backflow pipeline is further provided with a crushing treatment device.
In some embodiments of the invention, the flow rate of the return line is 0.5 (m) or more3·h-1)/(m3Unit volume of the unit area of the biological filler).
A third aspect of the present invention provides a wetland treatment type water treatment method for treating a water body to be treated by using the wetland treatment type water treatment system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a process flow diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows a top view of a bio-filler unit of the present invention.
FIG. 3 shows a side view of a bio-filler unit of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a top view of the wetland unit of the invention.
Fig. 5 is a side view of the wetland unit of the invention.
Description of the element reference numerals
1 Water body storage unit
2 biological filler unit
21 biological filler
211 biological rope type filler
212 geotextile filler
22 biological stuffing framework
23 biological filler unit outlet conduit
24 biological filler unit inlet pipe
3 wetland unit
31 emergent aquatic plant area
311 emerging plant
312 bottom of emergent aquatic plant area
32 submerged plant area
321 submerged plant
322 bottom of the submerged plant area
33 treating the resulting water body
41 return line
42 crushing treatment device
43 outlet of return line
431 return pipe water outlet
44 return line inlet
5 gas-water mixture generating device
51 gas-water mixture generator
52 gas-water mixture conveying pipeline
53 gas-water mixture generating device fluid
An outlet
531 gas-water mixture generator fluid
Water outlet
Detailed Description
The inventor of the invention provides a wetland treatment type water treatment method and system which have the characteristics of short forming time, good biological membrane activity effect, high water purification efficiency and the like by sequentially arranging a biological filler unit and a wetland unit and arranging a gas-water system and a reflux system at the periphery, and completes the invention on the basis.
A first aspect of the present invention provides a wetland treatment type water treatment method, which may include:
introducing a water body to be treated into a biological filler unit for biological membrane treatment, wherein biological fillers are arranged in the biological filler unit;
introducing the water body subjected to the biofilm treatment into a wetland unit for wetland purification treatment, wherein the wetland unit sequentially comprises an emergent aquatic plant area and a submerged plant area according to the flow direction of the water body, and at least part of submerged plants and/or water and/or mud in the submerged plant area are refluxed to a biological filler unit as a carbon source;
the content of total organic carbon in the water body in the biological filler unit is more than or equal to 12 mg/L, preferably 12-36 mg/L, the oxygen content of the water body in the biological filler unit is more than or equal to 7.5 mg/L, and when a biological film on the biological filler is aged, the aged biological film on the biological filler is blown off.
In the wetland treatment type water treatment method provided by the invention, the water body to be treated usually comprises pollutants such as organic matters, nitrogen, phosphorus and the like, for example, SS (suspended matter concentration) in the water body can be more than or equal to 20 mg/L, more than or equal to 50 mg/L, more than or equal to 100 mg/L or more than or equal to 200 mg/L, in a specific embodiment of the invention, the SS is 200-250 mg/L, and the COD is CODMn(COD detected by potassium permanganate) can be more than or equal to 1.0 mg/L, more than or equal to 2.0 mg/L, more than or equal to 3.0 mg/L, more than or equal to 4.0 mg/L, more than or equal to 5.0 mg/L or more than or equal to 6.0 mg/L. in a specific embodiment of the invention, the COD is detected by the methodMn6-7 mg/L, NH3N (ammonia nitrogen content in water) can be more than or equal to 0.1 mg/L, more than or equal to 0.5 mg/L, more than or equal to 1.0 mg/L or more than or equal to 1.5 mg/L, in a specific embodiment of the invention, NH3-N is 1-2 mg/L, and TP (total phosphorus content in water) can be more than or equal to 0.01 mg/L, more than or equal to 0.05 mg/L, more than or equal to 0.1 mg/L or more than or equal to 0.15 mg/L, and in a specific embodiment of the invention, TP is 0.1-0.2 mg/L.
In the wetland treatment type water treatment method provided by the invention, the biological filler unit can be a water treatment tank provided with biological filler, a proper amount of soil can be arranged at the bottom of the biological filler unit, the hydraulic retention time in the biological filler unit can be more than or equal to 3 hours, and the water depth of the biological filler unit can be 1.0-2.0 m. The biological filler is generally selected from biological rope fillers and/or geotextile fillers, and the biological rope fillers and the geotextile fillers can be sequentially arranged in the biological filler unit according to the flow direction of the water body. The biological rope type filler generally has a large specific surface area and is used for generating a biological film, for example, the specific surface area of the biological rope type filler can be 1.6-2.4 m2The outer diameter of the biological rope type filler can be 80-120 mm generally. The biological fillerThe using amount of the biological rope type filler in the unit is generally determined according to the total specific surface area provided by the biological rope type filler, for example, the ratio of the volume of the biological rope type filler in the water body to the total volume of the water body in the biological filler area in the biological filler unit is more than or equal to 75%, and the biological rope type filler can be uniformly distributed in the water body of the biological filler unit, for example, can be uniformly distributed in the water body of the biological filler unit after being supported by the frame. One skilled in the art can select suitable material for the bio-rope type filler, for example, the material of the bio-rope type filler can be polypropylene and/or vinylon. The geotextile fillers are usually positioned at the rear part of the biological filler unit and used for generating an interception effect on the water body, and the geotextile fillers are preferably positioned at the rear 10-15% of the water body according to the flowing direction of the water body, and the proportion of the interception area of the geotextile fillers to the cross section of the water body is more than or equal to 75%. The geotextile fillers can be selected by those skilled in the art, for example, the geotextile fillers can be non-woven geotextile, and the specification of the geotextile fillers can be more than or equal to 400g/m2The thickness can be more than or equal to 3mm, and the equivalent aperture can be 0.07-0.2 mm.
In the wetland treatment type water treatment method provided by the invention, the oxygen content of the water body in the biological filler unit and/or the aged biological film on the blown biological filler can be maintained by introducing a gas-water mixture, wherein the biological film aging specifically means that the activity of the biological film is reduced by more than 50%, 60%, 70% or 80%, the gas-water mixture can be a mixture formed by mixing the water body to be treated and gas, the gas can be air and the like, the introduction position of the gas-water mixture is usually at the bottom of the water body (for example, usually at the part below 1/3-1/4 of the water body), the particle size of bubbles in the gas-water mixture is usually in a nanometer level, for example, the particle size of the bubbles can be less than or equal to 200nm, the dissolved oxygen content in the gas-water mixture is more than or equal to 12 mg/L, and the flow rate of the gas-water mixture is3·h-1)/(m3Unit volume of the unit area of the biological filler).
In the wetland treatment type water treatment method provided by the invention, the wetland unit can be a water treatment tank comprising an emergent aquatic plant area and a submerged plant area, and the water bodyAnd leading out the water body from the emergent aquatic plant area and the submerged plant area to the wetland unit to obtain the water body. The bottom of the emergent aquatic plant area is usually provided with a proper amount of soil, the water depth of the emergent aquatic plant area is usually 0.1-0.5 m, and the planting density can be usually more than or equal to 6 plants/m2The plant height of each emergent aquatic plant is usually more than or equal to 40cm, the hydraulic retention time is usually more than or equal to 36h, the emergent aquatic plant is usually planted in the emergent aquatic plant area, the emergent aquatic plant is selected from one or more of reed (Phragmitis australia Trin.), cattail (Typha orientalis Presl), calamus (Acorusacalamus L.), Thalia dealbata (Thalia dealbata Fraser), Scirpus (Scirpus validus Vahl) and Zizania latifolia (Zizania latifolia) in combination, the bottom of the submerged plant area is usually provided with a proper amount of soil, the water depth of the submerged plant area is usually 1.3-2.3 m, and the planting density can be usually more than or equal to 10 clusters/m2Usually ≥ 10 plants per cluster, usually ≥ 15cm in length, usually ≥ 24h in hydraulic retention time, and submerged plant areas usually planted with submerged plants selected from a combination comprising one or more of, but not limited to, eel grass (Vallisnera natans (L our.) Hara), hydrilla verticillata (hydrilla avertica), goldfish algae (Ceratophytum demercuration L.), watermiform algae (Myriophyllum verticillatum L.), Pelargonium indica (Potamogeton disttingctus A. Benn.), Idiophyllum orientalis (Elodeannutalii), and Potamogeton crispus (Potamogermon crispus L.).
In the wetland treatment type water treatment method provided by the invention, the content of total organic carbon in a stream of a self-submerged plant area refluxed to a biological filler unit is more than or equal to 40 mg/L, the stream is generally subjected to crushing treatment in the refluxing process, the organic carbon in the stream is generally derived from mud and submerged plants, the content of the organic carbon provided by the mud can be more than or equal to 15mg/g, the content of the organic carbon provided by the submerged plants can be more than or equal to 85mg/g, the stream of the self-submerged plant area refluxed to the biological filler unit is generally refluxed to the biological filler unit from the bottom of the self-submerged plant area as a carbon source and is further generally refluxed to the bottom of a water body in the biological filler unit (for example, the part of the lower 1/3-1/4 of the water body), and the flow rate of the stream of the self-submerged plant area refluxed to the biological filler unit is more than or equal to 0.5(m is more than or equal to m3·h-1)/(m3Unit bio-fillMaterial unit zone volume).
A second aspect of the present invention provides a wetland treatment type water treatment system comprising:
the biological filler unit (2) is used for performing biological membrane treatment on a water body to be treated, and biological fillers (21) are arranged in the biological filler unit (2);
the wetland unit (3) is used for performing wetland purification treatment on the water body subjected to the biofilm treatment, and the wetland unit (3) sequentially comprises an emergent aquatic plant area (31) and a submerged plant area (32) according to the flowing direction of the water body;
the biological filler unit (2) is in fluid communication with the wetland unit (3) through a biological filler unit water outlet pipeline (23), so that a water body subjected to biofilm treatment can be introduced into the wetland unit for wetland purification treatment, and the biological filler unit (2) is also in fluid communication with the wetland unit (3) through a return pipeline (41), so that at least part of submerged plants and/or water and/or mud in the submerged plant area can be returned to the biological filler unit as a carbon source.
In the wetland treatment type water treatment system provided by the invention, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the biological filler unit (2) can be a water treatment tank provided with biological fillers (21), a proper amount of soil can be arranged at the bottom of the biological filler unit, the hydraulic retention time in the biological filler unit (2) is more than or equal to 3h, and the water depth of the biological filler unit (2) is 1.0-2.0 m. The biological filler (21) is selected from biological rope fillers (211) and/or geotextile fillers (212), and the biological rope fillers (211) and the geotextile fillers (212) are sequentially arranged in the biological filler unit (2) according to the flowing direction of the water body. The biological rope type filler (211) generally has a large specific surface area and is used for generating a biological film, for example, the specific surface area of the biological rope type filler (211) is 1.6-2.4 m2The outer diameter of the biological rope type filler (211) can be 80-120 mm generally. The usage amount of the biological rope type filler (211) in the biological filler unit (2) is generally determined according to the total volume ratio provided by the biological filler unit, and the biological rope type filler (211) in the water body is generally required to be ensured to have a proper specific surface area, for example, the volume of the biological rope type filler (211) in the biological filler unit (2) and the water body in the biological filler areaThe total volume ratio is more than or equal to 75%, the biological rope type filler (211) can be uniformly distributed in the water body of the biological filler unit (2), for example, a biological filler frame (22) for placing the biological filler (21) can be arranged in the biological filler unit (2), and the biological rope type filler (211) can be uniformly distributed in the water body of the biological filler unit (2) after being supported by the biological filler frame (22). One skilled in the art may select a suitable material for the bio-rope type filler (211), for example, the material of the bio-rope type filler (211) may be polypropylene and/or vinylon. The geotextile fillers (212) are usually positioned at the rear part of the biological filler unit (2), can be usually distributed in the biological filler unit (2) after being supported by the biological filler frame (22) and are used for generating an interception effect on a water body, and preferably positioned at the rear 10-15% of the water body according to the flowing direction of the water body, and the proportion of the interception area of the geotextile fillers (212) to the cross section of the water body can be more than or equal to 75%. The geotextile filler (212) of a suitable material can be selected by one skilled in the art, for example, the geotextile filler (212) can be made of non-woven geotextile, and the specification of the geotextile filler can be more than or equal to 400g/m2The thickness can be more than or equal to 3mm, and the equivalent aperture can be 0.07-0.2 mm.
In the wetland treatment type water treatment system provided by the invention, the biological filler unit (2) is usually in fluid communication with a gas-water mixture generating device (5), the gas-water mixture generating device (5) can comprise a gas-water mixture generator (51), a fluid outlet (53) of the gas-water mixture generating device (5) is preferably positioned at the bottom (for example, usually the part 1/3-1/4 below a water body in use) of the biological filler unit (2), fluid water outlet holes (531) of the gas-water mixture generating device are usually uniformly distributed in the biological filler unit (2), and the gas-water mixture generator (51) can be a bubble generator and the like, and can be a nano bubble generator more specifically. The gas-water mixture provided by the gas-water mixture generating device (5) is a mixture formed by mixing a water body to be treated with gas, the gas can be air and the like, the particle size of bubbles in the gas-water mixture is nano-grade, the particle size of bubbles in the gas-water mixture generated by the gas-water mixture generating device (5) can be less than or equal to 200nm, and the gasThe content of dissolved oxygen in the water mixture is usually more than or equal to 12 mg/L, and the flow rate of the gas-water mixture can be more than or equal to 1 (m)3·h-1)/(m3Unit volume of the unit area of the biological filler).
The wetland treatment type water treatment system provided by the invention can further comprise a to-be-treated water storage unit (1), wherein the water storage unit (1) can be a tank body, a pool and the like for storing water, and the to-be-treated water storage unit (1) and the biological filler unit (2) can be in fluid communication through a biological filler unit water inlet pipeline (24), so that the to-be-treated water can be directly introduced into the biological filler unit (2). The water storage unit (1) to be treated is in fluid communication with the gas-water mixture generating device (5) through a gas-water mixture conveying pipeline (52), so that a gas-water mixture (namely the water to be treated containing air bubbles) can be introduced into the biological filler unit (2).
In the wetland treatment type water treatment system provided by the invention, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the wetland unit can be a water treatment tank generally comprising an emergent aquatic plant area (31) and a submerged plant area (32), and a water body is led out of the wetland unit (3) after flowing through the emergent aquatic plant area (31) and the submerged plant area (32), namely, a water body (33) obtained by treatment. The bottom (312) of the emergent aquatic plant area is usually provided with a proper amount of soil, the water depth of the emergent aquatic plant area (31) is usually 0.1-0.5 m, and the planting density is usually more than or equal to 6 plants/m2Each emergent aquatic plant is usually higher than or equal to 40cm in plant height, the hydraulic retention time is usually higher than or equal to 36h, and an emergent aquatic plant (311) is usually planted in the emergent aquatic plant area (31), wherein the emergent aquatic plant (311) is selected from one or more of reed, cattail, calamus, thalictrum, allium mongolicum and zizania latifolia; the bottom (322) of the submerged plant area is usually provided with a proper amount of soil, the water depth of the submerged plant area (32) is usually 1.3-2.3 m, and the planting density can be usually more than or equal to 10 clusters/m2Normally, each cluster is more than or equal to 10 plants, the length of each plant is more than or equal to 15cm, the hydraulic retention time is more than or equal to 24h, submerged plants (321) are normally planted in the submerged plant area (32), and the submerged plants (321) are selected from one or more combinations of bitter herbs, black algae, hornwort, watermifoil, potamogeton, waterweed and potamogeton crispus.
In the wetland treatment type water treatment system provided by the invention, the return pipe inlet (44) of the return pipe (41) can be positioned at the bottom of the submerged plant area (32) so as to lead out the submerged plants and/or water bodies and/or mud positioned at the bottom of the submerged plant area (32), the return pipe outlet (43) of the return pipe (41) can be positioned at the bottom of the biological filler unit (2) (for example, the part which is usually 1/3-1/4 below the water depth in use) so as to lead the returned stream to the lower part of the biological filler (21), and the water outlet holes (431) of the return pipe are usually uniformly distributed in the biological filler unit (2). The return pipeline (41) is also provided with a crushing treatment device (42), the crushing treatment device (42) can be a stirring blade positioned in the return pipeline and used for crushing solid matters in the return stream as much as possible, and the flow rate of the return pipeline (41) is usually more than or equal to 0.5 (m)3·h-1)/(m3Unit volume of the unit area of the biological filler).
In a specific embodiment of the invention, a biological filler frame (22) for placing biological fillers (21) can be arranged in the biological filler unit (2), the biological fillers (21) are suspended on the biological filler frame (22) in the unit, and biological rope fillers (211) and geotextile fillers (212) are sequentially arranged in the biological filler unit (2) according to the flow direction of a water body. The filler frame can be formed by welding antirust metal pipes or prefabricating reinforced concrete, and is of a frame structure. The top of the filling frame is submerged below the water level of the biological filling unit (2), and the lower part of the filling frame is embedded in the soil layer at the bottom of the biological filling unit (2). The single biological filler is in a rope shape (usually, biological rope type fillers) and is suspended on a biological filler frame (22), a certain gap is reserved between two adjacent biological fillers, the upper end and the lower end of the single biological filler are fixed on the biological filler frame (22), and a plurality of biological fillers form a suspended noodle side by side. A plurality of biological filler (21) suspension lines are arranged in the direction vertical to the water flow direction, and the distance between the suspension lines in the water flow direction is reduced from large to small. The last hanging surface is hung with geotextile fillers (212), the other hanging surfaces are hung with biological rope fillers (211), and the geotextile arranged on the last hanging surface can intercept suspended matters in water flow. A return pipeline outlet (43) and a fluid outlet (53) of the air-water mixture generating device are arranged below the space between the hanging surfaces. The muddy water and the air water are respectively sprayed out from the openings of the respective distributing pipes upwards, and turbid liquid with high content of microorganisms is formed in the space between the suspension surfaces. Raw water to be treated enters the biological filler unit (2), then horizontally pushes against a suspension surface to move, passes through a gap between the biological fillers (21), is treated by a biological film on the surface of the biological fillers (21) and then flows out of the biological filler unit (2), enters the wetland unit (3) of the wetland unit (3), generally adopts a surface flow wetland, and comprises an emergent aquatic plant area (31) and a submerged plant area (32), wherein emergent aquatic plants (311) and submerged plants (321) are respectively planted, and the bottom of the emergent aquatic plant area is higher than the bottom of the submerged plant area. The depth of the emergent aquatic plant area is shallow, so that more than half of the height of the selected emergent aquatic plant can be exposed out of the water surface. The submerged plant area is deeper, so that the selected submerged plants can be submerged in water. The bottom of the submerged plant area can be provided with a plurality of pits lower than the bottom in different areas, the size and the depth of the pits can be determined as required, and the mud-water mixture containing microorganisms and submerged plants in a wet area can be conveniently sucked out by the mud suction port of the return pipe, the mud-water mixture provides microorganisms and a carbon source for the generation of a biological film on the surface of the biological filler, wherein the submerged plants are arranged according to the principle that a water body firstly flows into the emerged plant area and then flows out of the wetland unit through the submerged plant area after flowing into the emerged plant area. The return pipeline (41) is connected with the wetland unit (3) and the biological filler unit (4), and the middle part is provided with a crushing treatment device (42). One end of the muddy water backflow pipeline (41) is a backflow pipe mud suction port and is positioned in the wetland unit (3) and can move among different pits in the wetland unit (3), the other end of the muddy water backflow pipeline (41) is a backflow pipe outlet and is positioned below a gap between suspended surfaces of the biological filler unit (2), an expansion port is arranged at the backflow pipe outlet, a transverse pipe is arranged on the expansion port, a distribution pipe with an orifice is arranged on the transverse pipe, and the orifice of the distribution pipe faces upwards. The mud-water backflow pipeline (41) can suck mud-water mixed liquid containing mud, submerged plants and water, then the submerged plants and the mud are crushed and mixed with the water, and then the mixture is output to the outlet of the backflow pipe. The submerged plant can release organic carbon outwards in the crushing process, and a carbon source is provided for the growth of the biological membrane. The gas-water mixture generating device (5) is a transportation system for conveying and distributing oxygen and nutrient salts by the biological filler unit (2), and the transportation system provides required nutrient salts and aerobic environment for forming a biological film on the surface of the biological filler by microorganisms. The gas-water mixture generating device (5) comprises a gas-water mixture conveying pipeline (52), a gas-water mixture generator (51) and a gas-water mixture generating device fluid outlet (53). The raw water to be treated is firstly sucked in through a delivery pipe, the air-water mixture generator (51) synchronously sucks in air and converts the air into micro-bubbles, the micro-bubbles and the raw water to be treated are mixed in the machine, and then the mixed liquid is output from an air-water outlet. The air-water outlet is positioned below a gap between suspension surfaces of the biological filler unit (2) and is also positioned below the outlet (43) of the return pipeline. The outlet of the return pipe is provided with a horizontal pipe, the horizontal pipe is provided with a distribution pipe with an orifice, and the orifice is upward.
The third aspect of the present invention provides a wetland treatment type water treatment method for treating a water body to be treated by using the wetland treatment type water treatment system, and the principle is the same as that of the water treatment method set forth in the first aspect of the present invention.
The wetland treatment type water treatment method and the system provided by the invention are characterized in that the biological filler unit and the wetland unit are sequentially arranged in the wetland treatment type water source area, and the gas-water system and the reflux system are arranged at the periphery. Raw water to be treated in a water source area sequentially passes through the biological filler unit and the wetland unit; when a biofilm needs to be generated on the surface of the filler, the backflow system reflows muddy water containing a large number of microorganisms and organic carbon in the wetland unit to the biological filler unit, meanwhile, the gas-water system conveys raw water to be treated mixed with air to the biological filler unit, and the two systems respectively provide microorganisms, oxygen and nutrient salt for the formation of the biofilm on the surface of the biological filler; when the biofilm on the surface of the filler is aged, the air-water system is operated to blow off the aged biofilm on the surface, and then the reflux system is started synchronously.
The invention has the characteristics of short forming time, good biological membrane activity effect and high water quality purification efficiency, and can improve the water body treatment effect of the biological membrane when the biological filler is applied to the treatment of natural water bodies such as wetlands, riverways and the like.
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The main component contents of the water body to be treated are SS and CODMn、NH3The concentrations of-N, TP were 221 mg/L, 6.8 mg/L, 1.5 mg/L, 0.15 mg/L, respectively, and the flow rate of the water introduced directly into the biological filler unit was 1000m3/d。
The structure of the biological filler unit is 12m long, 7m wide, 2.5m high and 2.0m deep.
Biological filler: the biological filler of the biological rope is a biological rope made of polypropylene and vinylon, wherein the rope core is made of polypropylene, the external stretching body is made of vinylon, the external diameter of the rope after the rope is stretched in water depth is 100mm, and the specific surface area is 2.4m2And the length of a single channel is 1.8 m. The geotextile biological filler is non-woven geotextile with the specification of 400g/m2The width of the single track is 5cm, and the length is 1.8 m. Biological filler frame is wide 6m, long 10m, high 1.8m, sets up 15 and hangs the face, and 5m all separate to set up 5 and hang the face in the frame along the water flow direction, 5m all separate to set up 10 and hang the face after, and 2 last hanging faces hang geotechnological cloth, and all the other 13 hanging faces hang biological rope, and every hanging face hangs 50 biological fillers respectively, and each hangs the equal perpendicular to water body and wholly flows the direction setting.
The structure of the wetland unit is that the length of the middle water plant area is 100m, and the width is 30 m; the length of the submerged plant area is 30m, and the width of the submerged plant area is 25 m.
The depth of the emergent aquatic plant area is 0.3m, the planted emergent aquatic plant is reed, and the planting density of the reed is 6 plants/m2The height of each reed is more than or equal to 40 cm; the depth of the submerged plant area is 1.5m, the pit is 0.3m lower than the bottom of the submerged plant area, the planted submerged plant is tape grass, and the tape grass planting density is 10 clusters/m2Each 10 plants in each cluster, and the length of each plant is more than or equal to 15 cm.
The initial total organic carbon content of the water in the biological filler unit is 8.5 mg/L on average, the total organic carbon content of the water in the biological filler unit is supplemented and maintained to be more than 12 mg/L through backflow, the initial oxygen content of the water in the biological filler unit is 8 mg/L on average, the oxygen content of the water in the biological filler unit is maintained to be more than or equal to 7.5 mg/L through backflow, when a biological film on the biological filler is aged, an air-water mixture is used for blowing down the aged biological film on the biological filler, and when muddy water mixed liquor flows back to the biological filler unit, the air-water mixture is also used for synchronous feeding.
Sludge-water mixed liquid: the content of organic carbon in the mud is about 15mg/g (content in the dry mass of the mud), and the content of organic carbon released by crushing the tape grass is about 85mg/g (content in the dry mass of the tape grass).
Microbubble generation and mixing device: the power is 7.5kw, the flow is 18-22m3H, the bubble grain diameter is less than 200nm, and the dissolved oxygen content of the mixed solution is more than 12 mg/L.
Monitoring of the biofilm on the biofilm fillers showed: the total solid content is more than 14mg/g (biological film biomass/filler weight) on average, the microbial diversity index (shannon index) is more than 3 on average, the maturation time of the biological film is less than 25d on average, and the time is shortened by half compared with that under natural conditions.
When the system enters a stable state, main components SS and COD in the water body treated by the method and the system areMn、NH3The average removal rate of-N, TP reaches more than 80%, 30%, 55% and 70%.
In conclusion, the present invention effectively overcomes various disadvantages of the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A wetland treatment type water treatment system beneficial to biofilm formation on the surface of a biological filler is characterized by comprising:
the biological filler unit (2) is used for performing biological membrane treatment on a water body to be treated, and biological fillers (21) are arranged in the biological filler unit (2);
the hydraulic retention time in the biological filler unit (2) is more than or equal to 3 h;
according to the flowing direction of the water body, biological rope fillers (211) and geotextile fillers (212) are sequentially arranged in the biological filler unit (2);
in the biological filler unit (2), the ratio of the volume of the biological rope filler (211) in the water body to the total water body volume of the biological filler unit is more than or equal to 75 percent;
the specific surface area of the biological rope filler (211) is 1.6-2.4 m2/m；
The specification of the geotextile fillers (212) is more than or equal to 400g/m2The thickness is more than or equal to 3mm, and the equivalent aperture is 0.07-0.2 mm;
according to the flowing direction of the water body, the geotextile fillers (212) are positioned in the part which is 10-15% behind the biological filler unit (2);
according to the flowing direction of the water body, the ratio of the interception area of the geotextile fillers (212) to the cross section of the water body is more than or equal to 75 percent;
in the biological filler unit (2), biological rope fillers (211) are uniformly distributed in the water body of the biological filler unit (2);
the wetland unit (3) is used for performing wetland purification treatment on the water body subjected to the biofilm treatment, and the wetland unit (3) sequentially comprises an emergent aquatic plant area (31) and a submerged plant area (32) according to the flowing direction of the water body;
the biological filler unit (2) is in fluid communication with the wetland unit (3) through a biological filler unit water outlet pipeline (23), and the biological filler unit (2) is also in fluid communication with the wetland unit (3) through a return pipeline (41);
when the surface of the filler needs to generate a biological film, the backflow pipeline (41) is used for backflow of at least part of the submerged plants, the water body and the mud in the submerged plant area to the biological filler unit as a carbon source;
the hydraulic retention time of the emergent aquatic plant area is not less than 36 h;
the hydraulic retention time of the submerged plant area is more than or equal to 24 hours;
the biological filler unit is characterized by further comprising a gas-water mixture generating device (5), the biological filler unit (2) is in fluid communication with the gas-water mixture generating device (5), the gas-water mixture generating device (5) comprises a gas-water mixture generator (51), and the gas-water mixture is used for keeping the oxygen content of the water body in the biological filler unit and blowing off an aged biological film on the biological filler.
2. The system of claim 1, further comprising one or more of the following technical features a1), a2), A3), a 4):
A1) the water depth of the biological filler unit (2) is 1.0-2.0 m;
A2) the fluid outlet of the gas-water mixture generating device (5) is positioned at the bottom of the biological filler unit (2), and the fluid water outlets (531) of the gas-water mixture generating device are uniformly distributed in the biological filler unit (2);
A3) the device is characterized by further comprising a to-be-treated water storage unit (1), wherein the to-be-treated water storage unit (1) is in fluid communication with the biological filler unit (2) through a biological filler unit water inlet pipeline (24), and the to-be-treated water storage unit (1) is in fluid communication with the gas-water mixture generating device (5) through a gas-water mixture conveying pipeline (52);
A4) the biological filler unit (2) is internally provided with a biological filler frame (22) for placing biological fillers (21).
3. The system of claim 2, further comprising one or more of the following technical features B1), B2):
B1) the biological rope type filler (211) is made of polypropylene and/or vinylon, and the geotextile type filler (212) is made of non-woven geotextile;
B2) the outer diameter of the biological rope type filler (211) is 80-120 mm.
4. The system of claim 2, further comprising one or more of the following technical features C1), C2), C3):
C1) the particle size of bubbles in the gas-water mixture generated by the gas-water mixture generating device (5) is less than or equal to 200 nm;
C2) the content of dissolved oxygen in the gas-water mixture generated by the gas-water mixture generating device (5) is more than or equal to 12 mg/L;
C3) the flow rate of the gas-water mixture generated by the gas-water mixture generating device (5) is more than or equal to 1 (m)3·h-1)/(m3Unit volume of bio-filler unit).
5. The system of claim 1, further comprising one or more of the following technical features E1), E2), E3):
E1) the water depth of the emergent aquatic plant area (31) is 0.1-0.5 m;
E2) an emergent aquatic plant (311) is planted in the emergent aquatic plant area (31), and the emergent aquatic plant (311) is selected from one or more of reed, cattail, calamus, redroot flower, allium mongolicum and zizania latifolia;
E3) the planting density of the emergent aquatic plants (311) is more than or equal to 6 plants/m2And the height of each emergent aquatic plant is more than or equal to 40 cm.
6. The system of claim 1, further comprising one or more of the following technical features F1), F2), F3):
F1) the depth of the water in the submerged plant area (32) is 1.3-2.3 m;
F2) submerged plants (321) are planted in the submerged plant area (32), and the submerged plants (321) are selected from one or more of eel grass, black algae, goldfish algae, watermifoil, pondweed, waterweed and curly pondweed;
F3) the planting density of the submerged plants (321) is more than or equal to 10 clusters/m2Each cluster is more than or equal to 10 plants, and the length of each plant is more than or equal to 15 cm.
7. The system of claim 1, further comprising one or more of the following technical features G1), G2), G3), G4):
G1) the inlet of the return pipeline (41) is positioned at the bottom of the submerged plant area (32);
G2) the outlet of the return pipe (41) is positioned at the bottom of the biological filler unit (2), and water outlet holes (431) of the return pipe are uniformly distributed in the biological filler unit (2);
G3) the backflow pipeline (41) is also provided with a crushing treatment device (42);
G4) the flow rate of the return pipeline (41) is more than or equal to 0.5m3·h-1)/(m3Unit volume of bio-filler unit).
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| CN101381186A (en) * | 2008-10-23 | 2009-03-11 | 江苏省环境科学研究院 | Multi-stage ecological purification technique of drinking water resource |
| CN203486956U (en) * | 2013-08-13 | 2014-03-19 | 广东森海环保装备工程有限公司 | Improved biological aerated filter |
| CN105217793A (en) * | 2015-10-15 | 2016-01-06 | 山东大学 | The artificial wet land system of the annual stabilizing treatment sanitary sewage of built-up type and operation method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101381186A (en) * | 2008-10-23 | 2009-03-11 | 江苏省环境科学研究院 | Multi-stage ecological purification technique of drinking water resource |
| CN203486956U (en) * | 2013-08-13 | 2014-03-19 | 广东森海环保装备工程有限公司 | Improved biological aerated filter |
| CN105217793A (en) * | 2015-10-15 | 2016-01-06 | 山东大学 | The artificial wet land system of the annual stabilizing treatment sanitary sewage of built-up type and operation method |
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