CN107410550B

CN107410550B - Tea leaf withering device

Info

Publication number: CN107410550B
Application number: CN201710773089.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈晓勇; 朱雪锋; 朱芷影; 罗燕
Original assignee: Fenggang County Fengming Spring Tea Co ltd
Current assignee: Fenggang County Fengming Spring Tea Co ltd
Priority date: 2017-08-31
Filing date: 2017-08-31
Publication date: 2020-04-21
Anticipated expiration: 2037-08-31
Also published as: CN107410550A

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of tea production equipment, and discloses a tea withering device which comprises a rack, an air inlet mechanism and a withering mechanism; a motor is fixed on the frame; the withering mechanism comprises a fixed cylinder and a rotating shaft, a withering chamber is fixed on the rotating shaft in the circumferential direction, the side wall of the withering chamber is provided with an air vent, the withering chamber is provided with an opening part, a cover body is arranged at the opening part through a torsional spring, and an electromagnet is fixed on the side wall of the withering chamber; an exhaust cavity is arranged in the rotating shaft, and an exhaust hole is formed in the side wall of the exhaust cavity; the fixed cylinder is positioned at the periphery of the rotating shaft, two closing members are arranged on the side wall of the fixed cylinder, and a feeding door and a discharging door are respectively arranged on the upper side wall and the lower side wall of the fixed cylinder; the air inlet mechanism comprises a fan and a drying box, the air outlet end of the fan is communicated with the fixed cylinder, the drying box is communicated with the exhaust cavity, and the drying box is communicated with the air inlet end of the fan. This scheme makes withering evenly and reduces tealeaves fermentation degree.

Description

Tea leaf withering device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of tea leaf production equipment, in particular to the field of tea leaf withering equipment.

Background

The tea is from China, contains various nutritional ingredients and medicinal ingredients, is beneficial to human health when being drunk, and is more and more for people drinking tea. The fresh leaves of tea leaves cannot be drunk directly, but can be drunk only through a series of processing. Withering is one of the steps in fresh tea processing, and is a process of spreading fresh tea leaves thinly to evaporate water in the tea leaves, so that the tea leaves change from crisp to withered. The purpose of withering is that partial water is evaporated, the tension of tea cells is reduced, leaf stalks are softened from brittle, the toughness of bud leaves is increased, and the bud leaves are convenient to roll into strips; secondly, a series of chemical changes of the contained substances in the tea tips are caused by the loss of water, and the foundation of substance changes is laid for forming specific qualities of color, aroma and taste of the tea.

The prior method for withering mainly comprises indoor natural withering, sunlight withering and semi-automatic processing, wherein during withering, tea leaves can be fermented under the condition of proper temperature and humidity, so that the natural withering is generally carried out under the condition of weak sunlight; the semi-automatic processing mainly adopts a withering trough heating withering process technology. At present, the trough type hot air withering is mostly adopted in production, when withering, fresh tea leaves are placed into the withering trough, hot air is introduced into the withering trough, the temperature in the hot air entering the withering trough can be continuously lost, the temperature of the hot air just entering the withering trough is highest, the withering effect of the fresh tea leaves at the position is better, the fresh tea leaves placed into the withering trough can not be turned, and the withering effects of the fresh tea leaves at all positions of the withering trough are different. As the temperature around the tea leaves is increased during withering, and the moisture in the tea leaves is evaporated to increase the humidity around the tea leaves, the tea leaves are fermented at the moment, and the taste of the tea leaves is changed by fermentation; fermentation is related to temperature and moisture and oxygen content in the air.

In order to solve the problem, chinese patent No. CN104255960B discloses a partition type tea leaf withering machine, which includes a frame, a conveyor belt arranged in the frame, a plurality of withering upper chambers formed in the frame by upper partition plates, a plurality of withering lower chambers formed in the conveyor belt by lower partition plates, and the withering upper chambers and the withering lower chambers jointly forming withering chambers; an additional heat source is arranged below each withering lower chamber, a hot air port and an air outlet are respectively arranged at the left end and the right end of each withering upper chamber, and the hot air ports are connected with a hot air blower through pipelines; the conveyor belt is a grid conveyor belt, a rotor for supporting the conveyor belt is arranged below the conveyor belt, and a vibration device is arranged below the conveyor belt part corresponding to each withering lower chamber; and a moisture detection device and an auxiliary light source are arranged at the top of each withering upper chamber. When carrying out the processing of withering to tealeaves, put into a plurality of rooms that wither with tealeaves, the hot-blast machine lets in the hot-blast mouth to the chamber that withers in passing through hot-blast mouth, and vibrating device makes the tealeaves on the conveyer belt become fluffy. After withering, the rotor moves the conveyor belt to separate the tea leaves from the conveyor belt.

Although the partition plates of the withering machine can separate tea leaves, the conveyor belts are in a grid shape, and during withering, water evaporated from fresh tea leaves in one withering chamber passes through the grid-shaped conveyor belts, so that the humidity of the environment around the conveyor belts is increased, the withering efficiency is reduced, and therefore adjacent withering chambers are affected mutually. Secondly, at whole withering in-process, tealeaves all stacks on the conveyer belt, and the heating source is located withering cavity below down, so the temperature of the tealeaves that is located the downside is higher, so the degree of withering differs of the tealeaves of upper and lower layer. In addition, since all the tea leaves are accumulated on the conveyor belt, the steam evaporated from the tea leaves still remains in the tea leaves located on the lower side, and the tea leaves located on the lower side are still fermented, so that the taste of the fermented tea leaves is changed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a tea leaf withering device which withers uniformly and reduces the fermentation degree.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a tea withering device comprises a frame, an air inlet mechanism and a withering mechanism; a motor is fixed on the frame; the withering mechanism comprises a fixed cylinder and a rotating shaft which can be driven by a motor, a plurality of withering chambers are fixed on the rotating shaft in the circumferential direction, a plurality of vent holes are formed in the side wall of each withering chamber, an opening part for tea leaves to pass through is formed in each withering chamber, a cover body is arranged at the opening part through a torsional spring, and an electromagnet capable of adsorbing the cover body is fixed on the side wall of each withering chamber; an exhaust cavity is arranged in the rotating shaft, and an exhaust hole communicated with the withering chamber is formed in the side wall of the exhaust cavity; the fixed cylinder is positioned at the periphery of the rotating shaft, the side wall of the fixed cylinder is provided with two closing members which can extend into the fixed cylinder and can close the electromagnet, and the upper side wall and the lower side wall of the fixed cylinder are respectively provided with a feeding door and a discharging door which can be closed; the air inlet mechanism comprises a fan fixed on the rack and a drying box internally provided with a drying agent, the air outlet end of the fan is communicated with the fixed cylinder, the drying box is communicated with the exhaust cavity, and the drying box is communicated with the air inlet end of the fan.

When tea leaves are withered, the feeding door and the motor are opened firstly, the motor enables the rotating shaft to rotate, the closing member above the closing member is pushed to enable the closing member to extend into the fixed cylinder, the distance between the closing member and the rotating shaft is reduced, when the withering chamber passes through the closing member, the closing member presses the switch of the electromagnet on the withering chamber, the electromagnet is closed, the cover body cannot be fixed by the electromagnet, and therefore the cover body rotates under the action of the torsion spring, and the opening portion is opened. When the withering chamber moves to a position opposite to the feeding door, the motor is turned off, and fresh tea leaves are placed into the withering chamber from the opening; at the moment, the switch of the electromagnet is far away from the closing member, the electromagnet is reopened, the cover body rotates under the action of the torsional spring, the cover body and the electromagnet are at a certain distance, the cover body cannot be automatically closed after the electromagnet is opened, therefore, fresh tea leaves are placed into the withering chamber and then pushed to reversely rotate, the cover body is adsorbed by the electromagnet, and the opening part is sealed by the cover body. And then turning on the motor again to enable the rotating shaft to rotate, repeating the operation to enable fresh tea leaves to be placed in all the withering chambers, finally closing the feeding door, turning on the motor, pulling the closing member to enable the distance between the closing member and the rotating shaft to be increased, and enabling the rotating shaft to rotate by the motor.

And opening the fan, discharging the gas in the exhaust cavity by the fan, forming negative pressure in the exhaust cavity, and enabling the gas in the fixed cylinder to pass through the vent hole to enter the withering chamber and then pass through the exhaust hole to enter the rotating shaft. The indoor air flow rate that increases withers when the gas in the solid fixed cylinder passes indoor withering for the evaporation of water in the fresh tea leaves, in the vapor of evaporation gets into the pivot along with gas, then in the reentrant drying cabinet, vapor in the gas is absorbed by the drier, dry gas gets into the solid fixed cylinder through the fan once more, then passes in the air vent gets into withering indoor, reduces the indoor humidity of withering, promotes the evaporation of fresh tea leaf moisture.

In the whole withering process, the withering chamber rotates along with the rotating shaft, tea leaves roll along the side wall of the withering chamber, and the tea leaves cannot be attached to the side wall of the withering chamber all the time, so that the tea leaves are prevented from blocking the air holes and the exhaust holes. In the withering process, the motor can be closed, the feeding door can be opened, the switch of the electromagnet is pressed, and the cover body is opened to take out the tea leaves in each withering chamber. After the completion withering, open the discharge door, promote the closure member of downside, the closure member of downside makes the solenoid valve of the room that withers the completion close, and the oral area is opened, and the room that withers pours tealeaves along with the pivot rotation in-process, and tealeaves leaves the mechanism that withers from the discharge door.

The beneficial effect of this scheme does: and (I) dry air enters the withering chamber from the vent hole and is firstly contacted with fresh tea leaves attached to the side wall of the withering chamber, water in the fresh tea leaves is evaporated and then mixed into the air, and the air is contacted with other tea leaves, so that the withering effect of the tea leaves contacted with the vent hole is best. The motor rotates the rotating shaft, the withering chamber rotates along with the rotating shaft, and the fresh tea leaves roll in the withering chamber, so that the fresh tea leaves contacted with a certain side wall of the withering chamber and the exhaust holes are continuously changed, and the withering is more uniform; secondly, can also avoid fresh tea to block up air vent and exhaust hole, can make the indoor gas that withers keep flowing.

Secondly, the gas flowing out of the rotating shaft passes through the drying box, the water vapor mixed in the gas can be absorbed by the drying agent in the drying box, and the humidity of the gas is low; the fan makes the little gas of humidity get into the solid fixed cylinder again, then gets into the room that withers, can effectively reduce the indoor humidity that withers, and humidity in the environment reduces, can accelerate the evaporation rate of moisture in the fresh tea, promotes going on of withering, raises the efficiency. Secondly, because proper temperature and humidity are required for tea fermentation, the fermentation degree of the tea can be reduced in an environment with lower humidity.

(III) after gaseous entering solid fixed cylinder, get into room, the exhaust chamber of withering in proper order, taken out by the fan again, then let in solid fixed cylinder again after drying and heating, and atmospheric pressure in the solid fixed cylinder is greater than the atmospheric pressure of exhaust intracavity and so forms the air current, so at the whole in-process that withers, the indoor gas that withers can not pass the air vent, so wither indoor gas of thoughtlessly having vapor can not get into in the other room that withers, thereby can not lead to the fact the influence to the withering of the indoor tealeaves of other withers.

(IV) fresh tea leaves are located a plurality of withering rooms, can detect the indoor fresh tea leaves of a certain withering alone, until this indoor fresh tea leaves of withering reach the requirement of withering, take out the fresh tea leaves of this room of withering again, can make the degree of withering of the tealeaves of taking out all meet the requirement.

Preferably, as a further improvement to the basic embodiment, the drying agent in the drying oven is a molecular sieve. The molecular sieve absorbs moisture and is taken out from the drying box, and then is heated, so that the moisture absorbed in the molecular sieve can be removed, the molecular sieve can be reused, the cost is effectively reduced, and the environment is protected.

In a second preferred embodiment, as a further improvement to the first preferred embodiment, a heating resistor and a closable water outlet are fixed outside the drying box. After a large amount of water is adsorbed in the molecular sieve, the heating resistor and the water outlet are opened, the molecular sieve is heated by the heating resistor, the adsorbed water in the molecular sieve is discharged and flows out of the drying box from the water outlet, so that the molecular sieve does not need to be taken out of the drying box, and the workload of workers is reduced.

In a third preferred embodiment, as a further improvement of the second preferred embodiment, the heating resistor is located on the outer periphery of the drying oven. The heating resistor is turned on, and the molecular sieve is heated by the heating resistor from the periphery, so that the heating effect is better, and water in the molecular sieve can be discharged more quickly.

And in the fourth preferred scheme, as a further improvement on the third preferred scheme, a heating element is fixed at the air outlet end of the fan. When ambient temperature is lower, open the heating member, heat the gas that lets in the fixed cylinder to improve the indoor temperature that withers, promote to wither and go on.

Preferably, in a fifth aspect, as a further improvement of the fourth aspect, the heating element is a resistive wire mesh. When the gas passes through the holes in the resistance wire mesh, the resistance wire mesh is heated by the surrounding resistance wires, so that the contact area between the gas and the gas can be increased, the heating speed of the gas is higher, and the heating is more uniform.

Drawings

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and detailed description:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a sectional view of the withering mechanism of fig. 1.

Detailed Description

The reference signs are: the drying device comprises a frame 1, a motor 11, a fan 12, a drying box 13, a water outlet 14, a heating resistor 15, a fixed cylinder 2, a feeding door 21, a closing member 22, a discharging door 23, a rotating shaft 3, a rotating gear 31, an exhaust cavity 32, an exhaust hole 33, a fixed block 34, a withering chamber 4, a cover body 41, an electromagnet 42, a switch 43, an air vent 44 and a conveyor belt 5.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a tea withering device comprises a frame 1, an air inlet mechanism 12 and a withering mechanism; the frame 1 is fixed with a motor 11 by bolts. The withering mechanism comprises a rotating shaft 3 and a fixed cylinder 2, four withering chambers 4 are welded on the rotating shaft 3 in the circumferential direction, a rotating gear 31 is welded at the left end of the rotating shaft 3, and a driving gear meshed with the rotating gear 31 is welded on a driving shaft of a motor 11; an exhaust cavity 32 is arranged in the rotating shaft 3, and a plurality of exhaust holes 33 communicated with the withering chamber 4 are arranged on the side wall of the exhaust cavity 32. The room 4 lateral wall that withers is equipped with a plurality of air vent 44, is equipped with the oral area that supplies tealeaves to pass through on the room 4 that withers and is equipped with lid 41 through the torsional spring, and it has the iron plate to inlay in the lid 41, and room 4 lateral wall that withers welds has electro-magnet 42 and the switch 43 that can close electro-magnet 42, and electro-magnet 42 is adsorbable lid 41. The fixed cylinder 2 is located at the periphery of the rotating shaft 3, the left end and the right end of the fixed cylinder 2 are welded on the rack 1, and the upper side wall and the lower side wall of the fixed cylinder 2 are provided with closing members 22 which can extend into the fixed cylinder 2 and can close the electromagnet 42. The upper and lower side walls of the fixed cylinder 2 are respectively provided with a feeding door 21 and a discharging door 23 which can be clamped in the fixed cylinder 2, and the closing member 22 on the lower side and the closing member 22 on the upper side are respectively positioned on the left and right sides of the door; the air inlet mechanism 12 comprises a fan 12 and a drying box 13 which are fixed on the frame 1 by bolts, the top of the drying box 13 is provided with a discharge hole, and a sealing cover which can slide along the drying box 13 is arranged outside the discharge hole; the drying box 13 is filled with a drying agent, which may be a super absorbent resin or a molecular sieve, and the drying agent in this embodiment is a molecular sieve. The air-out end of fan 12 is spliced and is had the heating member, and the heating member of this embodiment is resistance wire, and the air-out end of fan 12 still communicates with fixed cylinder 2 through the pipeline, and 3 right-hand members of pivot are equipped with fixed block 34, and fixed block 34 is fixed in frame 1 to but 3 rotations of relative pivot, the air inlet end of fan 12 communicates with drying cabinet 13 through another pipeline. An air outlet pipe is fixed on the drying box 13, the upper end of the air outlet pipe penetrates through the fixing block 34 and is communicated with the exhaust cavity 32, and the air outlet pipe is connected with the fixing block 34 in a gluing mode. The bottom of the drying box 13 is provided with a water outlet 14, a sealing plug for closing the water outlet 14 is arranged outside the water outlet 14, and five heating resistors 15 are further glued outside the drying box 13.

When tea leaves are withered, the feeding door 21 is taken down, the motor 11 is opened, the motor 11 rotates the rotating shaft 3 anticlockwise to push the upper closing member 22 and enable the upper closing member 22 to extend into the fixed cylinder 2, the distance between the closing member 22 and the rotating shaft 3 is reduced, when the withering chamber 4 passes through the upper closing member 22, the closing member 22 presses the switch 43 of the electromagnet 42 on the withering chamber 4, the electromagnet 42 is closed, the cover body 41 cannot be fixed by the electromagnet 42, and therefore the cover body rotates under the action of the torsion spring to enable the opening part to be opened. When the withering chamber 4 moves to the position opposite to the feeding door 21, the motor 11 is turned off, fresh tea leaves are put into the withering chamber 4 from the opening part, the fresh tea leaves are put into the withering chamber 4 and then the cover body 41 is pushed to rotate reversely, when the switch 43 of the electromagnet 42 is far away from the closing member 22 on the upper side, the electromagnet 42 is turned on again, so that the electromagnet 42 adsorbs the cover body 41, and the cover body 41 closes the opening part. Then the motor 11 is turned on again, the motor 11 rotates the rotating shaft 3 anticlockwise, and the above operations are repeated, so that all the withering chambers 4 are placed with fresh tea leaves, finally the fresh tea leaves are clamped into the feeding door 21, the motor 11 is turned on, the closing member 22 is pulled, the distance between the closing member 22 and the rotating shaft 3 is increased, and the motor 11 rotates the rotating shaft 3.

When the fan 12 is turned on, the fan 12 discharges the air in the exhaust chamber 32, a negative pressure is formed in the exhaust chamber 32, and the air in the fixed cylinder 2 passes through the vent hole 44 to enter the withering chamber 4 and then passes through the exhaust hole 33 to enter the rotating shaft 3. Air flow rate in the room 4 that increases when passing in the room 4 that withers of solid fixed cylinder 2 for the evaporation of water in the fresh tea leaf, in the vapor of evaporation gets into the exhaust chamber 32 along with gas, then gets into the drying cabinet 13 again, vapor in the gas is absorbed by the drier, dry gas gets into solid fixed cylinder 2 again through fan 12, then passes in the air vent 44 gets into room 4 that withers, reduces the humidity in the room 4 that withers, promotes the evaporation of fresh tea leaf moisture.

During withering, the motor 11 can be turned off, the feeding door 21 can be opened, the switch 43 of the electromagnet 42 can be pressed, and the cover body 41 can be opened to take out the tea leaves in each withering chamber 4. After the withering is finished, the discharge door 23 is opened, the closing member 22 on the lower side is pushed, the closing member 22 on the lower side enables the electromagnetic valve of the withering chamber 4 which finishes the withering to be closed, the opening part is opened, the withering chamber 4 pours out tea leaves along with the rotation process of the rotating shaft 3, and the tea leaves leave the withering mechanism from the discharge door 23 and fall onto the conveying belt 5. When the room temperature is low, the heating element is opened to heat the gas introduced into the fixed cylinder 2. When the molecular sieve absorbs more water, the sealing plug is taken down, the heating resistor 15 is opened, the heating resistor 15 heats the molecular sieve, the water absorbed by the molecular sieve is separated and flows out of the water outlet 14, and then the molecular sieve is placed into the sealing plug and closes the water outlet 14, so that the molecular sieve can continuously absorb water.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various changes and modifications without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these should be construed as the scope of protection of the present invention, which will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the utility of the patent. The techniques, shapes, and structural parts, which are omitted from the description of the present invention, are all known techniques.

Claims

1. A tea withering device comprises a frame, an air inlet mechanism and a withering mechanism; the electric bicycle is characterized in that a motor is fixed on the frame; the withering mechanism comprises a fixed cylinder and a rotating shaft which can be driven by a motor, a plurality of withering chambers are fixed on the rotating shaft in the circumferential direction, a plurality of vent holes are formed in the side wall of each withering chamber, an opening part for tea leaves to pass through is formed in each withering chamber, a cover body is arranged at the opening part through a torsion spring, and an electromagnet capable of adsorbing the cover body is fixed on the side wall of each withering chamber; an exhaust cavity is arranged in the rotating shaft, and an exhaust hole communicated with the withering chamber is formed in the side wall of the exhaust cavity; the fixed cylinder is positioned at the periphery of the rotating shaft, two closing members which can extend into the fixed cylinder and can close the electromagnet are arranged on the side wall of the fixed cylinder, and a feeding door and a discharging door which can be closed are respectively arranged on the upper side wall and the lower side wall of the fixed cylinder; the air inlet mechanism is including fixing the fan in the frame and built-in drying cabinet that has the drier, the air-out end and the solid fixed cylinder intercommunication of fan, drying cabinet and exhaust chamber intercommunication, the drying cabinet holds the intercommunication with the air inlet of fan.

2. A tea withering device as claimed in claim 1 wherein the drying agent in the drying chamber is a molecular sieve.

3. A tea withering device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the drying oven is provided with a closable water outlet, and a heating resistor is externally mounted on the drying oven.

4. A tea withering device as claimed in claim 3, wherein the heating resistances are located around the periphery of the drying cabinet.

5. A tea withering device as claimed in claim 4, wherein a heating element is secured to the outlet end of the fan.

6. A tea withering device as claimed in claim 5, wherein the heating element is a resistive wire mesh.