CN1074064C - Solution-based solidification-stack shaping method and its apparatus - Google Patents
Solution-based solidification-stack shaping method and its apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN1074064C CN1074064C CN99126285A CN99126285A CN1074064C CN 1074064 C CN1074064 C CN 1074064C CN 99126285 A CN99126285 A CN 99126285A CN 99126285 A CN99126285 A CN 99126285A CN 1074064 C CN1074064 C CN 1074064C
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- shaping
- liquid
- environment
- molding
- shower nozzle
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C7/00—Patterns; Manufacture thereof so far as not provided for in other classes
- B22C7/02—Lost patterns
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/10—Formation of a green body
- B22F10/18—Formation of a green body by mixing binder with metal in filament form, e.g. fused filament fabrication [FFF]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/50—Means for feeding of material, e.g. heads
- B22F12/53—Nozzles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
The present invention relates to a solidification stacking molding method and device based on solutions. Firstly, a molding environment with uniform temperature is formed; then, liquid molding materials are ejected from a spray head along a physical prototype trace to be formed under certain pressure and are bonded with formed parts; the physical prototype is obtained after the materials are orderly stacked layer by layer. The molding device is composed of a scanning mechanism, the molding environment, a liquid supply system and a working platform. The molding method and device overcomes the defects of the prior art, reduces the molding cost, improves the molding precision, and adapts to the requirements of modern society for product individuation and small batches.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of solidification-stack shaping method and device thereof, belong to materials processing RP technique field based on solution.
Method of the present invention is based on fusion sediment forming technology (Fused Deposition Modeling is called for short FDM).This technology is at first by U.S. Stratasys, Inc.of Eden Prairic, and Minnesota company succeeds in developing, and sees U.S. Pat, 5,121,329, the material of FDM generally is a thermoplastic, as macromolecular material macromolecules such as wax, ABS, resin, nylon, with the filamentary material feed.Material is heated fusing in shower nozzle.Shower nozzle is along the part section profile and fill orbiting motion, simultaneously the material of fusing is extruded; Material solidifies rapidly, and with the material adhesive that reaches last layer on every side together, progressively pile up prototype.
Material shape during according to formation of parts generally can be divided into melted extrusion forming and fusion reaction-injection moulding.In the melt extruded quick shaping, behind the moulding material heating and melting under the constant pressure effect with lower speed extrusion nozzle continuously, part is to gather stack shaping progressively by filamentary material controlled, shown in Fig. 1 (a).Tsing-Hua University has proposed the technology based on this forming mode, is called MEM (Melted ExtrusionManufacturing), sees Chinese patent ZL98219118.9; In quick shaping was sprayed in fusion, the material of molten state was that part is shaped by controlled the gathering of droplets of material, shown in Fig. 1 (b) with higher speed injection nozzle discretely.
The prototype that FDM technology is made can be directly used in lost-wax casting, and what also have can directly use as structural member.But, the prototype that is shaped with thermoplastic is when being used for lost foam casting and turning over the system ceramic mould, prototype volumetric expansion when fusing produces pressure to ceramic shell easily, causes the shell distortion, leave residual stress, serious even make the shell cracking, influence the quality of foundry goods; And wax or ABS prototype easily stay residue when fusing disappears, and is difficult to clean out, simultaneously also contaminated environment; In addition, FDM prototype material expensive (the ABS Si $4000/Kg that is used for the FDM shaping that U.S. Stratasys produces), Rapid Casting technology based on the FDM prototype has favorable economic benefit in single-piece, small lot when making, but when making quantity greater than 10, then average molding cost is higher than traditional molding mode on the contrary.
The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of solidification-stack shaping method and device thereof, overcome the shortcoming of prior art, reduce the moulding expense, improve formed precision, and adapt to the requirement of modern society personalization of product, small lot based on solution.
The solidification-stack shaping method based on solution that the present invention proposes comprises the steps:
(1) form temperature environment that is shaped uniformly, the temperature of this shaping environment than moulding material freezing point temperature low 10 ℃～70 ℃;
(2) the liquid molding material is under the pressure of about 0.1～0.4 crust, spray from shower nozzle with continuous or discrete way track along the physical prototype of required shaping, in being lower than the shaping environment of its freezing point temperature, solidify rapidly, and with the bonding of shaped portion, successively pile up in order, obtain the physical prototype of solidification-stack shaping of the present invention.
In the manufacturing process of the present invention, used liquid moulding material is any in water, liquid metal, Glucose Liquid, saline solution or the alcohol.
The present invention is based on the device of the solidification-stack shaping of solution, form by sweep mechanism, shaping environment, liquid-supplying system and workbench.Sweep mechanism is made of X, Y, Z moving cell, be positioned at shaping environment top, workbench places the shaping environment, liquid-supplying system comprises liquid feed device, feed pipe and shower nozzle, shower nozzle links to each other with liquid feed device by feed pipe, feed pipe is fixed on the sweep mechanism, and shower nozzle and physical prototype forming face keep the distance of 1～2mm.
Method of the present invention for the complicated shape moulding, adopts two shower nozzles, and one is used to spray the freezing point foreign material lower than moulding material and supports to make, and another shower nozzle spray formed material is on supporting.The back that has been shaped is being higher than the backing material freezing point temperature, is being lower than a temperature atmosphere of moulding material freezing point temperature, backing material is melted remove.Obtain solidification-stack prototype of the present invention.
The manufacturing process that the present invention proposes, solved the shortcoming that never overcomes in the precision-investment casting, that is: with wax, ABS or photosensitive resin prototype volumetric expansion when fusing disappears of material, usually ceramic shell is produced pressure, cause the shell distortion, leave residual stress, serious even make the shell cracking, influence the quality of foundry goods; And wax or ABS prototype easily stay residue when fusing disappears, and is difficult to clean out, simultaneously also contaminated environment.Solid (being referred to as the ice type) after employing water or other solution solidifies turns over ceramic mould as the master mold of precision-investment casting, because the ice type is volume contraction when heating up thawing, can not produce compression to ceramic shell, can not damage ceramic shell, water and solution can be removed by the mode of evaporation, so can obtain precision height, die cavity that surface smoothness is high, thereby produce high-precision part or mould, enhance productivity, present technique also is a kind of innovation to the low temperature precision-investment casting and expands to have broad prospect of application.
Secondly, reduce the cost of manufacture of RP prototype, as moulding material, because water cheapness, wide material sources are available anywhere, the restriction of not supplied need not any freight with water and solution, and this makes the whole service expense of low temperature ice type RP technique reduce.
In addition, provide some kinds of new rapid die-manufacturing methods.Except the precision-investment casting technology for quickly manufacturing models based on the ice type, also available ice type turns over the system silica gel type, combines mfg. moulding die or part with casting then.
The 4th, prototype is shaped and has maximum flexibility.Because the making of ice type directly drives the physics manufacture process in conjunction with RP technique (RapidProrotyping) by cad model, the combination degree height of CAD and CAM greatly shortens the time of making from the conceptual design to parts.Shaping theory based on discrete/accumulation principle is converted into the manufacture process of complex object the manufacturing and the cohesive process of the simple cell cube of orderly low-dimensional (line unit or dot element), its far reaching significance also is to have cancelled all specific purpose tools, prototype is shaped has maximum flexibility, when shape, when size need change, do not need with conventional fabrication processes like redesign, make frock and specific purpose tool, only need to change its
Technological parameter is adjusted and be provided with to cad model, can make the prototype parts that makes new advances.Adapt to the demand of modern society, saved the cost of making frock and specific purpose tool again in a large number personalization of product, small lot.
The 5th, this manufacturing process not only information process is digitized, the transfer process of material also is to be based upon the material of making on the basis with zero dimension dot element system to add up, and is the space digital forming on the complete meaning, has the be shaped forming accuracy of better adaptability and Geng Gao of complicated shape.
At last, the art of this patent operating cost is low, and suitable product turns to desk tops equipment, is used for 3 D-printing, the output physical model.For designer and subscriber checking configuration design.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the shaping schematic diagram of prior art.
Fig. 2 is a building mortion structural representation of the present invention.
It is raw material that Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 are respectively with the running water, with the thin-walled prototype and the entity prototype of method making of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is for being raw material with the glucose solution, with the thin-walled prototype of method making of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the ice type made from 2% saline solution.
Fig. 7 is for the alloy being the entity prototype that raw material is made.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, introduce in detail content of the present invention. Among Fig. 1 a of Fig. 1,01 is nozzle, and 02 is Filamentary material, 03 is droplets of material, and among Fig. 2,1 is the cryogenic forming chamber, and 2 is the Y-axis leading screw, and 3 is X-axis Moving cell, 4 is Z axis elevating movement unit, and 5 is the Y-axis guide rail, and 6 is the XY catenating slider, and 7 are Feed pipe, 8 is liquid feed device, and 9 is shower nozzle, and 10 is drop, and 11 is current layer, 12 are molding The reason prototype, 13 is workbench.
As shown in Figure 2, the device based on the solidification-stack shaping of solution that the present invention proposes, by sweep mechanism, Shaping environment 1, liquid-supplying system and workbench 13 form. Sweep mechanism by X, Y, Z moving cell 3, 5,4 consist of, and are positioned at shaping environment top, and workbench 13 places shaping environment 1, the liquid-supplying system bag Draw together liquid feed device 8, feed pipe 10 and shower nozzle 9, shower nozzle links to each other with liquid feed device by feed pipe, feed pipe Be fixed on the sweep mechanism, shower nozzle and physical prototype forming face keep the distance of 1～2mm.
Manufacturing process of the present invention is comply with the principle of discrete/stack shaping, is directly driven by three-dimensional CAD model Kinematic system is so that shower nozzle can be done with moving cell arbitrary curve motion and the Z-direction liter of XY horizontal plane Motion is fallen. The position that generates numerical control code and pulse signal control shower nozzle after discrete by cad model with open Close, to determine the supply of material, with the track need based jet of continuous or discrete mode along physical prototype, Liquid solidifies rapidly in being lower than the shaping environment of freezing point, successively upwards piles up in order, finally obtains thing The reason prototype.
Introduce embodiments of the invention below.
Embodiment 1
Adding a little red ink with ordinary tap water is raw material, and forming parameters is:
Spray regime: the discrete injection: fluid pressure 0.15 crust: sweep speed: 80mm/S
Injection frequency: 500HZ: liquid-drop diameter: 0.1mm; Shaping environment temperature :-26 ℃～30 ℃; Gained thin-walled original shape as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4.
Embodiment 2
With the glucose solution is raw material, and forming parameters is:
Spray regime: the discrete injection; Fluid pressure; 0.2 crust; Sweep speed: 80mm/S
Injection frequency: 500HZ; Liquid-drop diameter: 0.1mm: shaping environment temperature :-26 ℃～30 ℃; Gained thin-walled original shape as shown in Figure 5.
Embodiment 3
Saline solution with 2% is a raw material, and forming parameters is:
Spray regime: the discrete injection; Fluid pressure; 0.17 crust; Sweep speed: 80mm/S;
Injection frequency: 500HZ; Liquid-drop diameter: 0.15mm: shaping environment temperature :-30 ℃～-35 ℃; Gained ice shape as shown in Figure 6.
Embodiment 4
With the Bi-Sn alloy is raw material, and forming parameters is:
Spray regime: continuous injection; Fluid pressure 0.1 crust; Sweep speed: 80mm/S;
Liquid-drop diameter 1.0mm; Shaping environment: 70 ℃～90 ℃.Gained metal original shape as shown in Figure 7.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of solidification-stack shaping method based on solution is characterized in that, this method comprises the steps:
(1) form temperature environment that is shaped uniformly, the temperature of this shaping environment than moulding material freezing point temperature low 10 ℃～70 ℃;
(2) the liquid molding material is under the pressure of about 0.1～0.4 crust, spray from shower nozzle with continuous or discrete way track along the physical prototype of required shaping, in being lower than the shaping environment of its freezing point temperature, solidify rapidly, and with the bonding of shaped portion, successively pile up in order, obtain the physical prototype of solidification-stack shaping of the present invention.
2, manufacturing process as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, wherein said liquid moulding material is water or liquid metal.
3, manufacturing process as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, wherein said moulding material is any in Glucose Liquid, saline solution or the alcohol.
4, a kind of device of the solidification-stack shaping based on solution is characterized in that this device is made up of sweep mechanism, shaping environment, liquid-supplying system and workbench; Described sweep mechanism is made of X, Y, Z moving cell, be positioned at shaping environment top, workbench places the shaping environment, liquid-supplying system comprises liquid feed device, feed pipe and shower nozzle, shower nozzle links to each other with liquid feed device by feed pipe, feed pipe is fixed on the sweep mechanism, and shower nozzle and physical prototype forming face keep the distance of 1～2mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN99126285A CN1074064C (en) | 1999-12-24 | 1999-12-24 | Solution-based solidification-stack shaping method and its apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN99126285A CN1074064C (en) | 1999-12-24 | 1999-12-24 | Solution-based solidification-stack shaping method and its apparatus |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1257762A CN1257762A (en) | 2000-06-28 |
| CN1074064C true CN1074064C (en) | 2001-10-31 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN99126285A Expired - Fee Related CN1074064C (en) | 1999-12-24 | 1999-12-24 | Solution-based solidification-stack shaping method and its apparatus |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN1074064C (en) |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103240883B (en) * | 2013-05-16 | 2015-02-18 | 浙江大学 | Multistage-temperature-control-based fused deposition modeling (FDM) type 3D printing sprayer and temperature control method |
| CN103341977A (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2013-10-09 | 南京理工大学 | Energetic material ink-jet printing rapid prototyping device |
| CN103752769B (en) * | 2013-12-17 | 2016-01-20 | 浙江大学 | Based on the solvent casting method of sugared mould |
| CN103752825B (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2016-03-02 | 西安交通大学 | Utilize the device and method of metal melting deposition formation thin-walled workpiece |
| CN103722898B (en) * | 2014-01-21 | 2016-03-09 | 杭州先临三维科技股份有限公司 | Three-dimensional printing control system and three-dimensional printing machine |
| CN104001918B (en) * | 2014-05-28 | 2017-01-18 | 赵晴堂 | Resistance type double-melting stacking three-dimensional metal member manufacturing forming system |
| EP2957365B1 (en) * | 2014-06-20 | 2017-04-12 | Imr S.R.L. | Method for manufacturing a metallic object by casting |
| TWI577448B (en) * | 2016-01-04 | 2017-04-11 | 國立中央大學 | Manufacturing method of low-temperature rapid manufacturing support structure and manufacturing method of low-temperature rapid manufacturing support structure |
| CN107803504B (en) * | 2016-09-09 | 2018-10-16 | 北京梦之墨科技有限公司 | A kind of suspension printing-forming method of liquid metal three-dimensional macro structure |
| CN111923408A (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2020-11-13 | 佛山科学技术学院 | Gel environment-based unsupported 3D printing system and method |
| CN112642994B (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2022-06-14 | 中北大学 | Environment-friendly freezing-dissolving casting process |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5121329A (en) * | 1989-10-30 | 1992-06-09 | Stratasys, Inc. | Apparatus and method for creating three-dimensional objects |
| CN1092482A (en) * | 1993-03-11 | 1994-09-21 | 埃克森化学专利公司 | Metering meltblowing system |
-
1999
- 1999-12-24 CN CN99126285A patent/CN1074064C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5121329A (en) * | 1989-10-30 | 1992-06-09 | Stratasys, Inc. | Apparatus and method for creating three-dimensional objects |
| CN1092482A (en) * | 1993-03-11 | 1994-09-21 | 埃克森化学专利公司 | Metering meltblowing system |
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| CN1257762A (en) | 2000-06-28 |
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Granted publication date: 20011031 Termination date: 20101224 |