CN107400800A - A kind of leadless environment friendly bismuth bronze alloy material - Google Patents
A kind of leadless environment friendly bismuth bronze alloy material Download PDFInfo
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- CN107400800A CN107400800A CN201710697314.5A CN201710697314A CN107400800A CN 107400800 A CN107400800 A CN 107400800A CN 201710697314 A CN201710697314 A CN 201710697314A CN 107400800 A CN107400800 A CN 107400800A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/04—Alloys based on copper with zinc as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/02—Alloys based on copper with tin as the next major constituent
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Abstract
The present invention refers in particular to a kind of leadless environment friendly bismuth bronze alloy material, belongs to technical field of alloy material, and the chemical element component (mass percent) of the alloy material is as follows：Lead≤0.2%；Aluminium≤0.1%；Iron≤0.20%；Zinc：5.0%~8.0%；Tin：4.0%~6.0%；Bismuth：0.8%~3.0%；Nickel≤0.6%；Phosphorus≤0.05%；Silicon≤0.1%；Arsenic≤0.25%；Surplus is copper and inevitable impurity.The alloy has excellent casting character, decay resistance, follow-up machinability, especially suitable for water system casting, valve member etc., is advantageous for the metal material of human health and environmental protection.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of bell metal, more particularly to one kind to have excellent casting character, decay resistance, follow-up machine
The leadless environment friendly bismuth bronze alloy material of the lead-free free-cutting of processing characteristics.They are especially suitable for water system casting, valve member
Deng being advantageous for the metal material of human health and environmental protection, and the meeting being widely used at present causes to human body and environment
There are the ledrite of baneful influence and the excellent substitute of leaded bronze.
Background technology
The performance such as cast bronze easy to manufacture complicated shape casting, the product corrosion resistance of bronze casting, resistance to pressure wearability
Well, partly for water system casting, valve member etc..Cast tin bronze has excellent corrosion resistance, particularly air, fresh water,
In the steam of seawater, alkaline solution and overheat.Because α with the δ phases in tin bronze microscopic structure have similar electrode potential,
Micro cell effect is little.In addition, cast tin bronze surface energy forms the SnO2 films of densification, there is good protective effect, therefore
Have extensive purposes in terms of pump, valve, water-feeding ＆ drainaging pipeline and ship equipment, especially with the U.S. trade mark C83600, C84400 and
The trade mark high-lead bronze production of similar component, dosage are maximum.Although cast tin bronze is expensive compared with brass, casting character
It is prominent, particularly sanitary equipment industry top grade tap it is most widely used.It can make the leading wall cast out more using tin bronze
It is thin, it is brighter and cleaner.More important point is to be particularly suitable for large-scale gravitational casting.
But lead and its compound are one of 17 kinds of chemical substances for seriously endangering human longevity and natural environment, in alloy
Lead easily invade out or deviate from from matrix in use, the lead in industrial waste gas product then permeates the ground water system, various
The lead of form enters animal or the food chain of people by all means, endangers human health, influences environment.Countries in the world in recent years
Medical expert have found that copper alloy containing lead constitutes threat, European Union, the U.S., Japan, China to human health and environmental sanitation
The report that copper alloy containing lead damages to human environment has been made that etc. medical facility.In view of lead is to human health environment
Harmfulness, the U.S., Japan, EU countries have put into effect in succession to be ordered within a certain time the government of copper alloy containing lead application, and Chinese Government also puts into effect
Liao Yu is ordered within a certain time consistently the world《Electronics and IT products prevention and cure of pollution management method》Etc. the mandatory rules of law, to the lead in copper alloy
Content (content of wherein electronics and IT products lead is necessarily less than 0.1%) and (Japan must be small in the leaching content of Pb in Drinking Water
In 0.01mg/L, the U.S. is necessarily less than and 0.0011%) has made ordering within a certain time for strict control respectively, and will constantly reduce lead therein
Content, the application of copper alloy containing lead is faced with strict limitation and challenge, and prospect will be more and more severe, therefore develops nothing
Ledrite and the ledrite of the purposes such as the tap in drinking-water system, water meter is substituted and leaded bronze becomes and worked as without Allen's metal
The key subjects that modern metal material industry is faced, also it is in response to the important process of world's recycling economy (EHS plans) requirement.
For the above situation, Pb-free copper-alloy is developed in the prior art.Chinese patent application 200680014456.7
《Bronze low-lead alloy》In carry and indicate a series of bronze class alloy, its object is to provide a kind of to improve bronze class alloy
Tensile strength at high temperature, and reduce the alloy of its lead element content.Such bell metal is before composite environmental-friendly requirement
Put, it is ensured that its high temperature tensile properties.But above-mentioned bronze low-lead alloy ensure that high temperature tensile properties, reapply special in casting
It is not that numerous casting flaw occurs among gravitational casting, the casting character compared with leaded bronze is greatly lowered, and have impact on it
In the application of metal forming industry.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome deficiencies of the prior art, there is provided a kind of leadless environment-friendly bismuth bronze
Material.Using the leadless environment-friendly bronze alloy material of the present invention to reach reduction lead content, meet the requirement of environment protection health, simultaneously
It is possessed excellent casting character, particularly meet the performance requirement of large-scale gravitational casting.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this：, a kind of leadless environment friendly bismuth bronze alloy material, the chemistry of the alloy material
Element component is as follows：
As prioritization scheme, the chemical element composition of the alloy material is as follows：
Further preferably, the copper is cathode copper.
Further preferably, inevitable impurity content is no more than 0.8% in alloy.
The present invention is prominent and beneficial compared with prior art to be had the technical effect that：Firstth, bronze alloy material drop of the invention
Low lead content, meet Compulsory Feature of the country to lead content；Secondth, on the basis of environment protection health standard is met, this hair
It is bright to replace lead element using bismuth element, its content and the use level with other elements are controlled, it is possessed excellent castability
Can, either it is particularly high all to meet sanitary equipment for the surface smoothness of mobility or casting and grain size and uniformity coefficient
The quality requirements of shelves sanitary equipment；3rd, bell metal of the invention is more conducive to gravitational casting compared with the bell metal of prior art, gravity
More much higher than conventional cast is required to the mobility of alloy molten solution in casting, represents the trend of sanitary equipment industry casting, the present invention
Bell metal it is most prominent be that the mobility of alloy molten solution greatly improves, ensure that the quality and finished product of bronze gravitational casting
Rate.
Embodiment
With specific embodiment, the invention will be further described below：The preparation method of leadless environment friendly bismuth bronze alloy material
It is as follows：
Copper+tin+charcoal → fusing → addition Guillaume metal → stirring → zinc, stir → P-Cu → refining → sampling,
On-the-spot sample analysis, composition adjustment → drag for slag, cast is stood → comes out of the stove,
The first step, power frequency induction furnace is preheated, is fed from tough cathode, electrolytic tin, into power frequency induction furnace；
Second step, power frequency induction furnace is progressively heated, melt each raw material；
3rd step, add copper bismuth intermediate alloy；
4th step, zinc is added after being sufficiently stirred, is well mixed alloy molten solution；
5th step, refining agent is added, and be again stirring for uniformly；
6th step, alloy tapping sample is analyzed after being sufficiently stirred, composition adjustment, until meeting above-mentioned composition requirement；
7th step, stand, drag for slag, in 1100~1200 DEG C of insulations, liquation bottom or top are cleared up after standing 20 minutes
Impurity；
8th step, 1240~1300 DEG C are warming up to, cast of coming out of the stove.
The mass percent of bismuth is in the 3rd step copper bismuth intermediate alloy：15%~25%.
The mass percent composition of refining agent in 5th step：Potassium fluoborate 30%, potassium fluotitanate 40%, sodium fluoride
7% and sodium carbonate 23%.
Based on copper, tin element 4.5%~5.5%, tin can be dissolved in copper alloy, significantly improve alloy strength,
Cast(ing) surface forms the SnO2 diaphragms of densification, thus improves corrosion resisting property；Zn-ef ficiency 5.5%~7.5%, zinc can reduce tin green grass or young crops
The crystallization range of copper, the mold-filling capacity and feeding capacity of alloy are significantly improved, prevent tin bronze from producing loose tendency, make tin
The water pressure resistance performance of bronze significantly improves, metallographic structure even compact；Bismuth element 1.0%~2.5%, lead is replaced by bismuth, thus
Make alloy lead tolerance low, solubility of the bismuth in copper is extremely low, and bismuth is similar to lead function in copper alloy, is formed insoluble in copper alloy
Solid solution, but exist in the form of independent phase, bismuth is also to be present in free state in alloy.But unlike lead, bismuth is
It is present in nontoxic free state in alloy, rather than is present in as lead with poisonous free state in alloy.The addition of bismuth
The machinability of alloy can be improved, solid solubility of the bismuth in copper is extremely low, even if solubility at 800 DEG C also only 0.01%, but
Solubility in liquation is but very big, and bismuth precipitates in process of setting, forms the second phase particles of disperse, the disperse of this bismuth
Phase fusing point is relatively low (271.3 DEG C), and in the contact surface local heating of cutter head and bits, instant melting, this fuse effect help to change
Become the shape of chip and lubricate cutter, alloy is easily formed short chip breaking point in machining so as to play, reduce cutter head and workpiece
Between bonding and soldering and the effect for improving cutting speed, and then alloy is provided with satisfied cutting ability.It is micro- in alloy
The ferro element of amount has Grain refinement, can improve the intensity of alloy, and iron content control is advisable below 0.25%；Micro-nickel energy
Make crystal grain refinement, significantly improve mechanical performance, corrosion resisting property and heat endurance, the distribution of particles that can also make bismuth evenly, has
Beneficial to the raising of alloy wear-resisting performance, so as to improve the Water Pressure Resistance of alloy, nickel content control is advisable below 1.0%；It is micro
Phosphorus is the excellent deoxidier of copper alloy, can improve casting character, improve the anti-wear performance of alloy, significantly improve aluminium alloy
Mobility and mold-filling capacity, phosphorus content control are advisable below 0.05%；Impurity elemental silicon and aluminium are easily oxidized, and are formed tiny
Oxide Al2O3, SiO2 of infusibility.Low-alloyed mobility and compactness are not only dropped, causes casting to be scrapped because of seepage, so as to
Low-alloyed mechanical performance drops, and silicon and aluminium are strictly limited in less than 0.2%.
Following table is alloy formula (mass percent), is divided into five set products
| Numbering | Lead | Aluminium | Iron | Zinc | Tin | Bismuth | Nickel | Phosphorus | Silicon | Arsenic | Copper |
| 1 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 8 | 6 | 3 | 0.6 | 0.05 | 0.1 | 0.25 | Surplus |
| 2 | 0.18 | 0.08 | 0.15 | 5.5 | 4.5 | 1 | 0.5 | 0.04 | 0.08 | 0.2 | Surplus |
| 3 | 0.15 | 0.07 | 0.15 | 6 | 5 | 1.5 | 0.45 | 0.04 | 0.07 | 0.18 | Surplus |
| 4 | 0.18 | 0.08 | 0.15 | 7.5 | 5.5 | 2.5 | 0.5 | 0.04 | 0.08 | 0.2 | Surplus |
| 5 | 0.1 | 0.05 | 0.1 | 5 | 4 | 0.8 | 0.3 | 0.03 | 0.06 | 0.15 | Surplus |
Five group of formula in above table, draw five kinds of different products, respectively product 1- products 5.
Next using ZQSn5-5-5 as existing product with product 1- products 5 from casting character, cutting ability and mechanics
The many aspects such as performance are contrasted.
First, casting character is tested
Following table is alloy product of the present invention compared with the casting character of ZQSn5-5-5 bell metals
In product 1 and product 5 accounting of each element all relatively close to end value, product 2 and product 4 relatively close to median,
And it is median that product 3, which obtains, by contrast, product 1, product 2, the casting character of product 4 and product 5 do not obtain substantially
Improve, with ZQSn5-5-5 alloy no significant differences, shown by production practices, each element addition is appropriate in product 3, significantly carries
High casting property, the defects of casting process is substantially improved, yields significantly improves, while the alloy lead tolerance is low, meets
The requirement of environment protection health safety standard.
2nd, cutting ability is tested
The evaluation method of cutting ability：Unified lathe tool and turning mode revolution is 960r/ when using universal lathe turning
Min, feed 0.1mm/r, cutting depth 0.4mm, cutter top rake are 4 degree of turning process, respectively to product 1,2,3,
4th, 5, comparative example ZQSn5-5-5 carries out cutting ability experiment and compared, and collects 100 chips respectively, measures chip average length,
By the use of the average lengths of ZQSn5-5-5 chips respectively divided by product 1,2,3,4,5, the chip average length of each sample refers to as evaluation
Mark, by above-mentioned it is demonstrated experimentally that product 1, product 2, product 4 and the cutting ability of product 5 are not improved, each element in product 3
Addition is appropriate, and its cutting ability is significantly better than product 1,2,4,5, and with machinability containing Redford alloy that the trade mark is ZQSn5-5-5
Can be close.
Following table is the cutting ability of the alloy
| Material number | Machinability rating % |
| ZQSn5-5-5 | 100 |
| Product 1 | 92 |
| Product 2 | 93 |
| Product 3 | 99 |
| Product 4 | 91 |
| Product 5 | 90 |
3rd, Mechanics Performance Testing
By the alloy and comparative example ZQSn5-5-5 alloys, standard tensile specimen is made, is entered with universal material pull-test machine
Row normal tensile property is tested, and product 1, product 5 its mechanical property are not improved, and product 2 and the mechanical property of product 4 are slightly
Improve, the mechanical property of product 3 is significantly improved, hence it is evident that better than product 1,2,4,5 and comparative example ZQSn5-5-5, illustrates this hair
Bright alloy is the excellent substitute containing Redford alloy.
Following table is the Mechanics Performance Testing table of comparisons
By above-mentioned three kinds tests, bell metal of the invention is more conducive to gravity compared with the bell metal of prior art and cast
Make, improve the quality and yield rate of casting, and meet environment protection health standard.
Above-described embodiment is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not limited the scope of the invention according to this, therefore：It is all according to
The equivalence changes that structure, shape, the principle of the present invention is done, all should be covered by within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of leadless environment friendly bismuth bronze alloy material, it is characterised in that the chemical element component of the alloy material is as follows：
2. leadless environment friendly bismuth bronze alloy material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the chemistry member of the alloy material
Element composition is as follows：
3. leadless environment friendly bismuth bronze alloy material according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the copper is cathode copper.
4. leadless environment friendly bismuth bronze alloy material according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：It is inevitable in alloy
Impurity content be no more than 0.8%.
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| CN201710697314.5A CN107400800A (en) | 2017-08-15 | 2017-08-15 | A kind of leadless environment friendly bismuth bronze alloy material |
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| CN201710697314.5A CN107400800A (en) | 2017-08-15 | 2017-08-15 | A kind of leadless environment friendly bismuth bronze alloy material |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101343703A (en) * | 2008-09-03 | 2009-01-14 | 浙江天申铜业有限公司 | Leadless environment friendly silicon brass alloy material suitable for gravity force cast and manufacture method thereof |
| CN101343702A (en) * | 2008-09-03 | 2009-01-14 | 浙江天申铜业有限公司 | Leadless environment friendly silicon brass alloy material suitable for gravity force cast and manufacture method thereof |
| CN101633987A (en) * | 2009-06-19 | 2010-01-27 | 浙江天申铜业有限公司 | Lead-free environmental silicon brass alloy bar or alloy ingot and preparation method thereof |
| CN101709404A (en) * | 2009-12-09 | 2010-05-19 | 浙江天申铜业有限公司 | Lead-free environment-friendly bismuth brass alloy rod or alloy ingot and preparation method thereof |
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2017
- 2017-08-15 CN CN201710697314.5A patent/CN107400800A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101343703A (en) * | 2008-09-03 | 2009-01-14 | 浙江天申铜业有限公司 | Leadless environment friendly silicon brass alloy material suitable for gravity force cast and manufacture method thereof |
| CN101343702A (en) * | 2008-09-03 | 2009-01-14 | 浙江天申铜业有限公司 | Leadless environment friendly silicon brass alloy material suitable for gravity force cast and manufacture method thereof |
| CN101633987A (en) * | 2009-06-19 | 2010-01-27 | 浙江天申铜业有限公司 | Lead-free environmental silicon brass alloy bar or alloy ingot and preparation method thereof |
| CN101709404A (en) * | 2009-12-09 | 2010-05-19 | 浙江天申铜业有限公司 | Lead-free environment-friendly bismuth brass alloy rod or alloy ingot and preparation method thereof |
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Address after: 317200 Guan Tang Village (West Industrial Park), Shifeng street, Tiantai County, Taizhou, Zhejiang Applicant after: Zhejiang Zhonghan intelligent control Limited by Share Ltd Address before: 317200 Guan Tang Village (West Industrial Park), Shifeng street, Tiantai County, Taizhou, Zhejiang Applicant before: Zhejiang Han alloy materials Co., Ltd. |
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Application publication date: 20171128 |
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