CN107400767B - A kind of heat treatment equipment for driven spiral bevel gear combination forging - Google Patents

A kind of heat treatment equipment for driven spiral bevel gear combination forging Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107400767B
CN107400767B CN201710362734.8A CN201710362734A CN107400767B CN 107400767 B CN107400767 B CN 107400767B CN 201710362734 A CN201710362734 A CN 201710362734A CN 107400767 B CN107400767 B CN 107400767B
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China
Prior art keywords
pulling block
hook
drag hook
coupler body
circular orbit
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CN107400767A (en
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葛希佩
贾雨
纪宝华
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SHANDONG WENLING PRECISION FORGING TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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SHANDONG WENLING PRECISION FORGING TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H55/00Elements with teeth or friction surfaces for conveying motion; Worms, pulleys or sheaves for gearing mechanisms
    • F16H55/02Toothed members; Worms
    • F16H55/17Toothed wheels
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/32Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for gear wheels, worm wheels, or the like
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23PMETAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P15/00Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
    • B23P15/14Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass gear parts, e.g. gear wheels

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of heat treatment equipment for driven spiral bevel gear combination forging, it is characterised in that: including frame body, frame body is equipped with Dual-layer circular orbit;Upper rail is equipped with the loop chain of movement;Interval is arranged and has driven drag hook on loop chain, and the drag hook includes lateral coupler body and the hook positioned at coupler body rear;Lower layer's circular orbit includes moving in orbit by pulling block, and described by pulling block includes block positioned at upper end;Two idler wheels cooperated with circular orbit are respectively provided with by the on both sides of the middle of pulling block;By the lower end sunpender of pulling block, sunpender is equipped with for carrying handling member;When lateral plate exits the forefront by pulling block, when V-type open front of the coupler body Jing Guo most previous stage, coupler body lower end is emptied, and the hook being located behind is fallen under gravity, drawing be located at most previous stage by pulling block.

Description

A kind of heat treatment equipment for driven spiral bevel gear combination forging
This is number of patent application " 2015103704415 ", invention and created name " differential casing and the forging of its forging technology Make equipment ", the divisional application of the applying date " 2015-06-30 ".
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of driven spiral bevel gear combination forging, specifically driven spiral bevel gear and positioned at gear The differential casing of side is integrated forging structure.
Background technique
Spiral bevel gear is the key components and parts of automobile drive axle transmission system.During Automobile Transportation, reduction is undertaken Speed increases torque, and changes the effect in torque transfer direction.The operating condition of the spiral bevel gear of main reducing gear of drive axle is It is quite severe, compared with other gears of power train, have the characteristics that big load, long action time, variation is more, carries impact.
The spiral bevel gear of main reducing gear exists there are two effect, and first is the direction for changing power transmission, and second is to make A common transmission ratio is provided for each gear that extends to of speed changer.The output of speed changer is the power around longitudinal axis rotation Square, and wheel must be rotated around the horizontal axis of vehicle, this requires a device to change the transmission direction of power.Why cry Main reducing gear, be exactly because regardless of speed changer is on what gear, the transmission ratio of this device be all one of resultant gear ratio because Son.There is this transmission ratio, the requirement to the slowing down power(SDP) of speed changer can be effectively reduced, the benefit designed in this way is can be with The size for effectively reducing speed changer keeps the general arrangement of vehicle more reasonable.
The most important effect of automobile main reducer, torque increase of exactly slowing down.It is understood that the output power of engine is certain , according to calculation formula W=M*v (power=torque * speed) of power, when by main reducing gear by transmission speed lower with Afterwards, relatively high output torque can be obtained, to obtain biggish driving force.In addition, automobile main reducer also changes power Outbound course, the differential function that left and right wheels differential or middle rear axle are realized by differential mechanism.
Existing drive axle transmission system mainly includes two parts, first is that main reducing gear, second is that differential mechanism, the biography of the two power Passing is that the driven spiral bevel gear of main reducing gear is carried out bolt fastening with the shell of differential mechanism by bolt to connect, by driven spiral shell It revolves bevel gear and drives differential mechanism rotating, to realize the change of the transmitting of power and the direction of power.
Such mode brings following problems:
Because the two is attached by bolt, intensity is because above-mentioned connection type receives influence It can satisfy requirement, not only the spiral bevel gear of main reducing gear done and does thickness greatly, and such mode also undoubtedly increases difference The weight of fast device shell is unfavorable for the handling capacity and further realization lightweight of vehicle.
In order to enhance main reducing gear spiral bevel gear intensity and bearing capacity, driven spiral bevel gear can only be increased Outer diameter and thickness also increase the size and weight of drive axle, and reduce the handling capacity of automobile.
And the differential casing being bolted with driven spiral bevel gear, ontology are cast structure, production technology Determine can there be trachoma in shell, and after once having trachoma, the service life of differential mechanism is seriously affected, and then influence vehicle Service life.
To solve above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of driven spiral bevel gears to combine forging, special Sign is: the differential casing including driven spiral bevel gear and positioned at gear side, the driven spiral bevel gear with And the differential casing positioned at gear side is integrated forging structure, this dynamic bevel gear combines forging, by driven screw conic Gear and differential casing positioned at gear side are integrated forging structure, and compared with prior art, overall cost reduces, Have the advantages that intensity is good, the service life is long, automobile handling capacity is strong, lightweight is good.
As metal works, heat treatment is a process than not lacking;Existing stove is all the processing of one furnace of a furnace, Another batch of a batch reprocessing is handled, such processing brings many problems;
1, efficient low, piece count per treatment is limited, cannot form the production of serialization.
2, complex procedures after existing stove heating treatment finishes, need to continue manually to take out workpiece, then people again Tooling enters new workpiece, one side large labor intensity, second is that the temperature of workpiece is all released in plant building, causes waste.
Summary of the invention
To solve above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of for driven spiral bevel gear combination forging Heat treatment equipment, this dynamic bevel gear combine forging, by driven spiral bevel gear and differential casing positioned at gear side For integrated forging structure, compared with prior art, overall cost is reduced, with intensity is good, the service life is long, automobile handling capacity By force, the good advantage of lightweight.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that:
A kind of driven spiral bevel gear combination forging, it is characterized in that driven spiral bevel gear and the difference positioned at gear side Fast device shell is integrated forging structure.
Preferably, the driven gear is driven spiral bevel gear.
Heat treatment process before a kind of forging of driven spiral bevel gear combination forging, before workpiece forging, by blank intermediate frequency Heating 2 minutes, is heated to 1100 ± 50 °C, carries out jumping-up using 2 tons of pneumatic hammers after allowing, carries out mold with 4000 tons of fly presses Closed-die forging molding, then with 300 tons of punching machine punchings.
A kind of heat treatment after forging isothermal normalizing technique of driven spiral bevel gear combination forging, after workpiece forging, work The isothermal normalizing technique of part are as follows: 920 950C are heated to, it is cold by rapid cooling and slow cooling 58 minutes after keeping the temperature 24 hours But to after 650 600C, then carry out 600C isothermal cooling 24 hours after, firehole is cold out.
A kind of heat treatment equipment for driven spiral bevel gear combination forging, including frame body, frame body are equipped with double up and down The vertical projection of layer circular orbit, Dual-layer track is overlapped;Upper rail is equipped with the loop chain of movement;Interval is arranged simultaneously on loop chain Drive has a drag hook, and the drag hook includes lateral coupler body and the hook positioned at coupler body rear, and the front of coupler body is hinged, and makes The center of gravity of drag hook is located at close to the rear portion of drag hook so that drag hook is only in the case where gravity, the hook of drag hook is sagging;Lower layer Circular orbit includes moving in orbit by pulling block, and described by pulling block includes block positioned at upper end, the upper end of block It is open V-shaped, with the movement of drag hook, the rear and front end opening of V-type opening is contacted with drag hook coupler body, and the hook end of drag hook is stuck up It rises, hook is not contacted with by pulling block;Two idler wheels cooperated with circular orbit are respectively provided with by the on both sides of the middle of pulling block;By pulling block Lower end sunpender, sunpender is for carrying handling member;In the lower section of lower circular orbit at least provided with a furnace body, in furnace body Portion be equipped with pass through for sunpender and for heat treatment channel;It is inserted equipped with a transverse direction perpendicular to current location the front end in channel Plate, lateral plate can be protruded into or be exited in front of the movement by pulling block;When lateral plate is extend by the forefront of pulling block When, coupler body is contacted with lateral plate always, and the hook being located behind is lifted, and is not pulled by pulling block;When lateral plate exit by When the forefront of pulling block, when V-type open front of the coupler body Jing Guo most previous stage, coupler body lower end is emptied, the hook that will be located behind It falls under gravity, drawing is positioned at most previous stage by pulling block.
Preferably, the lower circular orbit is double track structure: outer rail and internal rail;The rolling of the above-mentioned two sides by pulling block Wheel cooperates with outer rail and internal rail respectively, is equipped with former and later two Rotary cloumns by pulling block, the Rotary cloumn is placed exactly in Between outer rail and internal rail.
Preferably, the channel front-rear position of the furnace body is equipped with hermatic door, and the hermatic door includes half door body of left and right, left The external side end of right half door is hinged, interior lateral edge furnace body extending direction two halves door body forms " > " shape, leads with two halves door body Spring is drawn, the side for being equipped with drawing spring of two halves door body is equipped with positioning pin.
To solve above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention has abandoned original split modular structure, by shell and tooth Wheel has carried out the integrated design of forging, directly forges integrally-built dynamic bevel gear by forging and combines forging.
The forging equipment includes mainly including circular orbit, drag hook, by pulling block and furnace body.
Wherein circular orbit is equipped with upper and lower two, and upper circular orbit is mainly used for carrying drag hook, and is drawn by chain-driving It is hooked into capable movement;Lower railway is mainly used for carrying by pulling block.
Drag hook is mainly cooperated with by pulling block, and for pulling by pulling block, drag hook is divided into two parts coupler body and hook one by one Son, wherein the front of coupler body is hinged, and rear portion carries out as hook, when coupler body bottom surface is with by the upper end face contact of pulling block, before being located at The hook at end is jacked up, so that guaranteeing could hook drawing when needing hook to draw.
V-type opening is designed to by the upper end of pulling block, two end faces, two ends occurs by the upper end two sides of pulling block in this way Two purposes are realized in face, are caught on first is that hook can be open by this V-type by the front end of pulling block, second is that by being arranged before and after pulling block Later, multiple rows of by after setting before and after pulling block, with travelling forward for drag hook, the front interval of drag hook is accessible, and hook will not The coupler body for catching on middle part or rear end is only capable of catching on positioned at most previous stage by pulling block.
Furnace body is located at the lower section of circular orbit, for the heat treatment process of some multi-process processing, can according to need and adds Add the number of furnace body, to realize the heat treatment of serialization, heat treatment efficiency is substantially improved.
The front end and rear end of furnace body are equipped with hermatic door, and the entrance of furnace body can be sealed by hermatic door, guarantee furnace Interior temperature, meanwhile, the middle part of furnace body is the position of heating, is able to carry out preheating when entering furnace body;After heat treatment It slowly first can be detached from furnace body again after cooling segment;Improve thermal effectiveness and heat utilization efficiency.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are shown:
1, intensity is higher: for integral structure of the invention compared to original split type structure, intensity is higher, Neng Gougeng Good satisfaction cooperates demand;
2, lightweight is good: compared with original structure, this integrated structure can be saved in weight and volume 40% with On;
3, longer life expectancy: compared with original cast structure, phenomena such as avoiding the defect of trachoma, be not in fracture.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is differential mechanism casing structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is present apparatus structure overlooking structure diagram;
Fig. 3 is main view partial structural diagram;
Fig. 4 is furnace structure schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be described in detail in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments:
Shown in Fig. 1, a kind of dynamic bevel gear combination forging, including driven spiral bevel gear 2 and positioned at gear side Differential casing 1.
The dynamic bevel gear combination forging of the present embodiment is forged by mold, therefore the 2 (tooth of gear ring of the present embodiment Wheel) it with enclosure body 1 is integrated forging structure, rather than the structure of original bolt fastening.
Heat treatment process before a kind of forging of driven spiral bevel gear combination forging, before workpiece forging, by blank intermediate frequency Heating 2 minutes, is heated to 1100 ± 50 °C, carries out jumping-up using 2 tons of pneumatic hammers after allowing, carries out mold with 4000 tons of fly presses Closed-die forging molding, then with 300 tons of punching machine punchings.
Automobile gearbox gear, axial workpiece forging stock heat treatment in advance conventional process be normalizing process.Purpose be in order to Obtain uniformly, close to the tissue (ferrite and pearlite) and suitable hardness range (160-190HB) of desirable balance state, with Improve machinability and control final heat treatment deformation.
A kind of heat treatment after forging isothermal normalizing technique of driven spiral bevel gear combination forging, after workpiece forging, work The isothermal normalizing technique of part are as follows: 920 950C are heated to, it is cold by rapid cooling and slow cooling 58 minutes after keeping the temperature 24 hours But to after 650 600C, then carry out 600C isothermal cooling 24 hours after, firehole is cold out.
A kind of dynamic bevel gear combination forging heat treatment equipment, including frame body, frame body are equipped with Dual-layer circular orbit, The vertical projection of Dual-layer track is overlapped, shown in Fig. 2;Wherein upper rail is equipped with the loop chain of movement.
Interval is arranged and has driven drag hook on loop chain, and shown in Fig. 3, the drag hook includes lateral coupler body and is located at hook The hook 12 at 11 rear of body, the front of coupler body 11 is hinged, and the center of gravity of drag hook is located at close to the rear portion of drag hook, so that drag hook Only in the case where gravity, the hook 12 of drag hook is sagging, for pulling by pulling block 3.
Lower layer's circular orbit includes moving in orbit by pulling block 3, and described by pulling block 3 includes block positioned at upper end The upper end opening of body, block is V-shaped.Two idler wheels 4 cooperated with circular orbit are respectively provided with by the on both sides of the middle of pulling block.
Lower layer's ring rail is used to the structure of inner and outer ring: outer rail and internal rail in the present embodiment;It is fixed to be inserted between interior outer rail Position Rotary cloumn 7 (position rotating column 7 is plugged in the groove body that inner and outer ring is directly formed), position rotating column 7 be fixed on by On pulling block, it is slidably arranged on lower layer's ring rail by pulling block 3 by position rotating column 7, idler wheel 4 in this way.
Met by the V-type Opening length of pulling block 3: with the movement of drag hook, rear and front end opening and the drag hook hook of V-type opening 12 end of hook of body contact, drag hook tilts, and hook 12 is not contacted with by pulling block 3;It is multiple by pulling block when there is front and back to be in close contact When, drag hook only stretchy most previous stage by pulling block.Shown in Fig. 3, but Fig. 3 be only three by pulling block 3 side by side, be schematically to say It is bright, it can not rule out a possibility that multiple arranged side by side by 3 front and back of pulling block.
A sunpender 5 has been hung in each lower end by pulling block 3, sunpender 5 be equipped with can need on artificial carry it is processed Workpiece;Then workpiece is by a circle and then by manually being removed by existing tool.Realize circulation.
In the lower section of lower circular orbit at least provided with a furnace body 6, the quantity of furnace body 6, which can according to need, to be set, The present embodiment is set there are two furnace body 6.
The middle part of furnace body 6 be equipped with pass through for sunpender and for heat treatment channel;
Because heat treatment needs the time, workpiece successional cannot be moved, it is therefore desirable to be spaced, that is to say, that drag hook cannot It pulls always by draw piece 3, to solve the problems, such as this, a lateral plate 8 is arranged in the invention, can be set under normal circumstances In several positions: position one, the front (so that needs that the intracorporal workpiece of furnace meets heating time) of furnace body, position two, not (workpiece is placed in the state that is lined up and will enter) before into furnace body.
Lateral plate, lateral plate can be protruded into or be exited by the front of pulling block, and the direction of motion of lateral plate is just It is vertical by the direction of motion of pulling block with by current location.
When lateral plate extend into the forefront by pulling block, coupler body is contacted with lateral plate always, by what is be located behind Hook lifts, and does not pull by pulling block;When lateral plate exits the forefront by pulling block, V-type of the coupler body Jing Guo most previous stage is opened When mouth front end, coupler body lower end is emptied, and the hook being located behind is fallen under gravity, and drawing is located at the quilt of most previous stage Pulling block.
The channel front-rear position of the furnace body 6 is equipped with hermatic door, and shown in Fig. 4, the hermatic door includes half door body of left and right 61, left and right half door body, 61 outboard end is hinged, and interior lateral extending direction two halves door body forms " > " shape, pulls with two door body There is drawing spring 62, the side of door body is equipped with positioning pin 63.
Certainly, the above description is not a limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is also not limited to the example above, this technology neck The variations, modifications, additions or substitutions that the technical staff in domain is made within the essential scope of the present invention also should belong to of the invention Protection scope.
But conventional normalizing due to by equipment limit using stow, the cold mode of heap and the type of cooling, will cause different parts it Between or Same Part different parts cooling velocity and its tissue, the bigger difference of stress and hardness, lead to machinability Deteriorate and final heat treatment deformation increases, to reduce accuracy of gear grade and influence the service performance of gear.
With automobile industry middle gear, the raising of axial workpiece accuracy class, cannot be fitted using conventional normalizing process The requirement that should be produced, our companies undergo technological transformation thus, cooperate with institution of higher learning, devise suspended isothermal normalizing production Line, by reaching claimed below using isothermal normalizing production technology,
1, metallographic rank is P+F≤3 grade, according to second group of grading of GB/T13320-2007;
2, grain size is 6-8 grades;
3, banded structure: evaluating according to GB/T13299-1991, and≤3 grades;
4, without bainite;
5, hardness and its uniformity: hardness is between 160-190HB, same section, same blank different location hardness Difference≤8HB, different blank difference of hardness≤15HB.
Achieve the purpose that improve gear cutting processability and has controlled final heat treatment deformation.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of heat treatment equipment for driven spiral bevel gear combination forging, it is characterised in that: including frame body, set on frame body There is Dual-layer circular orbit, the vertical projection of Dual-layer track is overlapped;Upper rail is equipped with the loop chain of movement;Between on loop chain Every being arranged and driven drag hook, the drag hook includes lateral coupler body and the hook positioned at coupler body rear, the front of coupler body Hingedly, and the center of gravity of drag hook is located at close to the rear portion of drag hook, so that drag hook is only in the case where gravity, the hook of drag hook It is sagging;Lower layer's circular orbit includes moving in orbit by pulling block, and described by pulling block includes block positioned at upper end, block The upper end opening of body is V-shaped, and with the movement of drag hook, the rear and front end opening of V-type opening is contacted with drag hook coupler body, the hook of drag hook Sub- end tilts, and hook is not contacted with by pulling block;Two idler wheels cooperated with circular orbit are respectively provided with by the on both sides of the middle of pulling block;Quilt The lower end sunpender of pulling block, sunpender is for carrying handling member;In the lower section of lower circular orbit at least provided with a furnace body, furnace body Middle part be equipped with pass through for sunpender and for heat treatment channel;The front end in channel is equipped with a transverse direction perpendicular to current location Plate, lateral plate can be protruded into or be exited in front of the movement by pulling block;When lateral plate is extend by the forefront of pulling block When, coupler body is contacted with lateral plate always, and the hook being located behind is lifted, and is not pulled by pulling block;When lateral plate exit by When the forefront of pulling block, when V-type open front of the coupler body Jing Guo most previous stage, coupler body lower end is emptied, the hook that will be located behind It falls under gravity, drawing is positioned at most previous stage by pulling block;
The lower circular orbit is double track structure: outer rail and internal rail;The idler wheel of the above-mentioned two sides by pulling block is respectively and outside Rail and internal rail cooperation are equipped with former and later two Rotary cloumns by pulling block, and the Rotary cloumn is placed exactly in outer rail and interior Between rail;
The channel front-rear position of the furnace body is equipped with hermatic door, the hermatic door includes or so half door body, outside half door body of left and right Side end is hinged, interior lateral extending direction two halves door body forms " > " shape, has drawing spring, two halves door with two halves door body drawing The side for being equipped with drawing spring of body is equipped with positioning pin.
CN201710362734.8A 2015-06-30 2015-06-30 A kind of heat treatment equipment for driven spiral bevel gear combination forging Active CN107400767B (en)

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CN201710362734.8A CN107400767B (en) 2015-06-30 2015-06-30 A kind of heat treatment equipment for driven spiral bevel gear combination forging
CN201510370441.5A CN105156635A (en) 2015-06-30 2015-06-30 Differential shell and forging process and forging equipment thereof

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CN114309390A (en) * 2022-01-27 2022-04-12 河北同锐机械制造有限公司 Forging treatment process of shell forging

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Denomination of invention: Heat treatment equipment for driven spiral bevel gear combined forging

Effective date of registration: 20220210

Granted publication date: 20181211

Pledgee: Zhejiang Commercial Bank Co.,Ltd. Jinan Branch

Pledgor: SHANDONG WENLING PRECISION FORGING TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd.

Registration number: Y2022980001459