CN107396702B

CN107396702B - Concave plate screen with adjustable gap

Info

Publication number: CN107396702B
Application number: CN201710724158.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 谢方平; 王勋威; 刘大为; 李旭; 王修善; 谢超
Original assignee: Hunan Agricultural University
Current assignee: Hunan Agricultural University
Priority date: 2017-08-22
Filing date: 2017-08-22
Publication date: 2023-07-04
Anticipated expiration: 2037-08-22
Also published as: CN107396702A

Abstract

The invention discloses a gap-adjustable concave plate screen, which comprises a fixed part and a movable part, wherein the fixed part comprises a longitudinal fixed strip, a transverse arc-shaped fixed grid strip and a transverse arc-shaped fixed strip, the transverse arc-shaped fixed strips are arranged along the axial direction of the concave plate screen, and the longitudinal fixed strip is arranged along the arc direction of any transverse arc-shaped fixed strip and is intersected and fixedly connected with the transverse arc-shaped fixed strip to form a space cambered surface structure; the movable part comprises a longitudinal movable bar, a transverse arc-shaped movable grid bar and an adjusting mechanism, wherein the transverse arc-shaped movable grid bar penetrates through the through hole and is fixedly connected with the longitudinal movable bar so as to form a sieve pore structure with an adjustable relative distance with the transverse arc-shaped fixed grid bar. The concave plate sieve skillfully realizes continuous and stepless regulation of the sieve pore size of the concave plate sieve of the combine harvester, enhances the adaptability of the combine harvester, reduces the cost and improves the harvesting and threshing efficiency.

Description

Concave plate screen with adjustable gap

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, and further relates to the technical field of combine harvesting, threshing and separating. In particular to a concave plate sieve with continuously adjustable sieve pore size, which is applied to a threshing and separating device of a combine harvester and is used for separating threshed grains from stalks.

Background

The national conditions of more people and less land in China determine that the productivity of unit land must be improved by means of more maturity so as to meet the effective supply of products. For example, in the southern area of China, a cultivation system of rice tanker is mostly adopted, and the multiple crop rotation system necessarily requires a multipurpose universal combine harvester, so that the phenomenon that the machine is not used enough when the agricultural machine is busy and the machine is idle and wasted in other time is avoided. Many enterprises in China successively improve the full-feeding rice-wheat combine harvester and also harvest rape, and improve the wind screen cleaning device by adjusting the air quantity of a cleaning fan, replacing a plane screen and the like, so that a certain progress is made in technical exploration, but the technology is still not mature enough.

The rice and wheat combine harvester has poor threshing effect for harvesting rape, and mainly has the problems of large threshing loss, more threshing objects, more broken pods and the like. Mainly, the structural parameters and the motion parameters of the threshing device of the existing rice and wheat combine harvester are not suitable for threshing rape, thereby influencing the threshing performance of the threshing device. Therefore, further technical exploration of the existing threshing device is needed, so that the parameters of the combine harvester can be adjusted. There are a great deal of researches showing that the size of the mesh size of the concave plate sieve has an important influence on the threshing effect of crops, so that the concave plate sieve with adjustable mesh size is an urgent problem to be solved.

Chinese patent CN201611002803 discloses a concave screen of a threshing device for rice and wheat, which can adjust the size of the screen holes according to the harvest conditions, but may have the following problems:

1. the structure is complex, the device comprises a plurality of transmission gears, each shaft is required to be fixed with a screen block, and the processing and manufacturing cost is high;

2. a plurality of gears are used for transmission, so that the requirement on the working environment is high, and the gears are easy to be blocked;

3. the sieve holes can only realize two settings of the largest and the smaller, and the sieve holes between the largest and the smaller are communicated with each other, so that the stepless adjustment of the size can not be realized;

4. the threshing operation of the rape cannot be considered.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a novel concave plate sieve capable of realizing continuous adjustment of the size of a sieve hole so as to solve the problems.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention discloses a gap-adjustable concave plate screen, which comprises a fixed part and a movable part, wherein the fixed part comprises a longitudinal fixed bar, a transverse arc-shaped fixed grid bar and a transverse arc-shaped fixed bar, a plurality of transverse arc-shaped fixed bars are arranged along the axial direction of the concave plate screen, and the longitudinal fixed bar is arranged along the arc direction of any transverse arc-shaped fixed bar and is intersected and fixedly connected with the transverse arc-shaped fixed bar to form a space cambered surface structure; the movable part includes vertical movable strip, horizontal arc movable grid and adjustment mechanism, the one end of vertical movable strip with adjustment mechanism rigid coupling, vertical fixed strip and vertical movable strip all are provided with a plurality of through-holes along length direction's relevant position, horizontal arc fixed grid pass the through-hole and in through-hole department with vertical fixed strip rigid coupling, horizontal arc movable grid pass the through-hole and in through-hole department with vertical movable strip rigid coupling, horizontal arc movable grid with horizontal arc fixed grid forms relative distance adjustable sieve mesh, and fixed part and movable part of this scheme all can regard as a concave plate sieve structure respectively, forms a new concave plate sieve through the gomphosis of two non-adjustable concave plate sieves together, and wherein fixed part is fixed with thresher, and movable part removes the adjustment relative distance, can realize horizontal arc movable grid and horizontal arc fixed grid between the through-hole department with vertical fixed strip rigid coupling, and the continuous adjustable of size is accomplished to the sieve mesh of the integrative concave plate sieve of gomphosis, and then can adapt to the continuous preparation of different size demand's concave plate sieve mesh, and this whole metal structure is formed for conventional simple, and convenient to take materials.

Further, the through hole is a waist-shaped hole, the transverse arc-shaped fixed grid bars and the transverse arc-shaped movable grid bars are of arc-shaped rod structures, the arc-shaped rod structures can play a better role in reducing friction and guiding, grains (or seeds) and stalks are conveniently separated, and the grains (or seeds) can slide out of the sieve holes more easily.

Furthermore, the longitudinal fixing strips are in a strip shape with rectangular cross sections, the longitudinal fixing strips at the two ends of the transverse arc-shaped fixing strips are arranged horizontally and in a coplanar mode, the strip shape is simple to obtain, and the longitudinal fixing strips at the two ends of the transverse arc-shaped fixing strips are arranged horizontally and in a coplanar mode, so that threaded holes are formed in the longitudinal fixing strips conveniently and fixed to the threshing device.

Further, the number of the longitudinal movable strips is at least 4, and the longitudinal movable strips are arranged along the arc-shaped surface of the transverse arc-shaped fixing strip.

Further, adjustment mechanism includes arc strip, adjusting bolt, adjusting nut and threshing box fixed plate, the arc strip with the same end rigid coupling of vertical movable strip, adjusting nut with arc strip rigid coupling, thereby adjusting bolt simultaneously with adjusting nut, threshing box fixed plate screw drive adjust threshing box fixed plate with the distance of arc strip, this kind of adjustment mechanism has simply realized the relative movement between fixed part and the movable part.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

the concave plate sieve has the advantages of simple structure and convenient manufacture, skillfully realizes continuous and stepless regulation of the sieve pore size of the concave plate sieve of the combine harvester, greatly increases the one-machine multi-purpose performance of the combine harvester, can be rapidly switched when harvesting and threshing, saves the time for replacing the concave plate sieve, enhances the adaptability of the combine harvester, reduces the cost of agricultural machinery and improves the harvesting and threshing efficiency.

The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is an isometric view of a gap-adjustable concave screen according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a minimum mesh condition structure of a gap-adjustable concave screen according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion at I of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the maximum mesh condition of a gap-adjustable concave screen according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 4 at II;

fig. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion at iii of fig. 4.

Legend description:

1. a longitudinal fixing strip; 2. a longitudinal movable bar; 3. an adjusting mechanism; 31. an arc-shaped strip; 32. an adjusting bolt; 33. an adjusting nut; 34. a threshing box fixing plate; 4. a transverse arc-shaped fixing strip; 51. a through hole; 6. a transverse arc movable grid; 7. fixing the grid bars transversely in an arc shape; 8. and (5) screening holes.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the invention are described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings, but the invention can be implemented in a number of different ways, which are defined and covered by the claims.

The embodiment of the invention discloses a concave plate sieve capable of realizing stepless regulation of sieve pore size, as shown in fig. 1-6, the whole structure of the concave plate sieve is a space arc structure and is arranged on a threshing machine frame, the concave plate sieve is welded and formed by adopting metal materials, and the concave plate sieve mainly comprises two parts: a fixed part and a movable part, wherein the fixed part is fixed relative to the rice-wheat combine harvester, and the movable part can reciprocate relative to the longitudinal direction of the fixed part so as to control the size of the sieve holes 8.

Specifically, the fixed part includes vertical fixed strip 1, horizontal arc fixed strip 4 and horizontal arc fixed grid 7, and vertical fixed strip 1 is along the arcwall face evenly arranged of horizontal arc fixed strip 4 and with crossing welded fastening of horizontal arc fixed strip 4, be provided with a plurality of through-holes 51 along vertically on the vertical fixed strip 1, and the position of the through-hole 51 of opening on each vertical fixed strip 1 is unanimous, and horizontal arc fixed grid 7 passes through-hole 51 and at the position of through-hole 51 and vertical fixed strip 1 welded fastening.

The movable part comprises a longitudinal movable bar 2, a transverse arc-shaped movable grid bar 6 and an adjusting mechanism 3, the longitudinal movable bar 2 is also provided with a through hole 51, the transverse arc-shaped movable grid bar 6 is welded and fixed with the longitudinal movable bar 2 when penetrating through the through hole 51, namely, the transverse arc-shaped movable grid bar 6 is only welded with the longitudinal movable bar 2 at the position of the through hole 51 and is not welded with the longitudinal fixed bar 1, correspondingly, the transverse arc-shaped fixed grid bar 7 is only welded with the longitudinal fixed bar 1 at the position of the through hole 51 and is not welded with the longitudinal movable bar 2, and therefore, the transverse arc-shaped movable grid bar 6 and the transverse arc-shaped fixed grid bar 7 which can move relatively exist in the same through hole 51.

The transverse arc movable grid bars 6 penetrate through the through holes 51 and are fixedly connected with the longitudinal movable bars 2 to form a sieve pore structure with adjustable relative distance with the transverse arc fixed grid bars 7, when the movable part is pulled, an adjustable sieve pore 8 can be formed between the transverse arc movable grid bars 6 and the transverse arc fixed grid bars 7, the number of the sieve pores 8 can be increased under the condition that the area of the sieve surface of the concave plate sieve is unchanged, and accordingly the size of each sieve pore 8 is reduced, so that the size adjustment of the sieve pore 8 is realized.

In this embodiment, the adjusting mechanism 3 includes an arc bar 31, an adjusting bolt 32, an adjusting nut 33 and a threshing box fixing plate 34, the arc bar 31 is fixedly connected with one end of the longitudinal movable bar 2, the adjusting nut 33 is fixedly connected with the arc bar 31, the adjusting bolt 32 is simultaneously in screw transmission with the adjusting nut 33 and the threshing box fixing plate 34 so as to adjust the distance between the threshing box fixing plate 34 and the arc bar 31, and thus the size of the sieve holes 8 is continuously adjusted.

The fixed part and the movable part of this embodiment can all be regarded as a concave screen structure respectively, through the concave screen gomphosis that two sieve meshes 8 are not adjustable forms a new concave screen together, wherein fixed part is fixed with thresher, movable part removes the regulation relative distance, can realize that the relative distance between horizontal arc movable grid 6 and the fixed grid 7 of horizontal arc is continuous adjustable, accomplish the continuous adjustable of the sieve mesh 8 size of the integrative concave screen of gomphosis promptly, and then can adapt to the threshing work of the crop of different sieve mesh 8 demands, this concave screen is whole to be formed for conventional metallic structure spare welding simultaneously, the material is convenient, simple manufacture has further reduced the manufacturing cost of this concave screen.

In the embodiment, the through holes 51 are waist-shaped holes, the transverse arc movable grid bars 6 and the transverse arc fixed grid bars 7 are arc rod structures, and the arc rod structures are beneficial to smooth sliding out of the concave plate sieve after threshing rice and wheat or rape.

In the embodiment, the longitudinal fixing strips 1 are rectangular in cross section, the longitudinal fixing strips 1 positioned at two ends of the transverse arc-shaped fixing strips 4 are arranged in a coplanar manner, and mounting holes are formed in the longitudinal fixing strips, so that the concave screen and the threshing device can be conveniently mounted.

In this embodiment, the number of the longitudinal movable strips 2 is at least 4, and the longitudinal movable strips are uniformly arranged along the arc-shaped surface of the transverse arc-shaped fixing strip 4, so that the structural strength of the movable part is enhanced.

The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The gap-adjustable concave plate screen is characterized by comprising a fixed part and a movable part, wherein the fixed part comprises longitudinal fixed strips (1), transverse arc-shaped fixed grid strips (7) and transverse arc-shaped fixed strips (4), a plurality of the transverse arc-shaped fixed strips (4) are arranged along the axial direction of the concave plate screen, and the longitudinal fixed strips (1) are arranged along the arc direction of any transverse arc-shaped fixed strip (4) and are fixedly connected with the transverse arc-shaped fixed strips (4) in an intersecting manner to form a space cambered surface structure; the movable part comprises a longitudinal movable bar (2), a transverse arc-shaped movable grid bar (6) and an adjusting mechanism (3), one end of the longitudinal movable bar (2) is fixedly connected with the adjusting mechanism (3), a plurality of through holes (51) are formed in corresponding positions of the longitudinal fixed bar (1) and the longitudinal movable bar (2) along the length direction, the transverse arc-shaped fixed grid bar (7) penetrates through the through holes (51) and is fixedly connected with the longitudinal fixed bar (1) at the through holes (51), the transverse arc-shaped movable grid bar (6) penetrates through the through holes (51) and is fixedly connected with the longitudinal movable bar (2) at the through holes (51), and the transverse arc-shaped movable grid bar (6) and the transverse arc-shaped fixed grid bar (7) form sieve holes (8) with adjustable relative distances.

2. The gap-adjustable concave screen according to claim 1, wherein the through holes (51) are waist-shaped holes, and the transverse arc-shaped fixed bars (7) and the transverse arc-shaped movable bars (6) are arc-shaped bar structures.

3. The gap-adjustable concave screen according to claim 2, wherein the longitudinal fixing strips (1) are rectangular in cross section, and the longitudinal fixing strips (1) at both ends of the transverse arc-shaped fixing strips (4) are arranged horizontally and coplanar.

4. A gap-adjustable concave screen according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the number of said longitudinal movable bars (2) is at least 4 and is arranged along the arcuate surface of said transverse arcuate stationary bars (4).

5. The gap-adjustable concave screen according to claim 4, wherein the adjusting mechanism (3) comprises an arc-shaped strip (31), an adjusting bolt (32), an adjusting nut (33) and a threshing box fixing plate (34), the arc-shaped strip (31) is fixedly connected with the same end of the longitudinal movable strip (2), the adjusting nut (33) is fixedly connected with the arc-shaped strip (31), and the adjusting bolt (32) is simultaneously in screw transmission with the adjusting nut (33) and the threshing box fixing plate (34) so as to adjust the distance between the threshing box fixing plate (34) and the arc-shaped strip (31).