CN107394416A - Adaptively changing radiates and the smart skins antenna of scattering properties - Google Patents
Adaptively changing radiates and the smart skins antenna of scattering properties Download PDFInfo
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- CN107394416A CN107394416A CN201710405706.XA CN201710405706A CN107394416A CN 107394416 A CN107394416 A CN 107394416A CN 201710405706 A CN201710405706 A CN 201710405706A CN 107394416 A CN107394416 A CN 107394416A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/28—Adaptation for use in or on aircraft, missiles, satellites, or balloons
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/34—Adaptation for use in or on ships, submarines, buoys or torpedoes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q17/00—Devices for absorbing waves radiated from an antenna; Combinations of such devices with active antenna elements or systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q23/00—Antennas with active circuits or circuit elements integrated within them or attached to them
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
- H01Q3/34—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means
- H01Q3/36—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means with variable phase-shifters
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Astronomy & Astrophysics (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of adaptively changing radiation disclosed by the invention and the smart skins antenna of scattering properties, it is desirable to provide one kind can perceive external electromagnetic environment, the smart skins antenna of real-time monitoring radiation/scattering properties.The present invention program is：The presence or absence of radar wave monitoring result is sent to single chip control unit by Wearable sensors by multi-function device, single chip control unit judges radiation/backscatter mode according to the TTL low and high levels of each passage corresponding address code of multi-function device, radiation/scattering property of antenna is redistributed on demand, and power supply is controlled to apply different magnitudes of voltage to polyaniline compound conducting polymer to obtain the grading absorption of the radiation of the wave transparent of smart skins antenna or radar wave, being sent to active antenna array into width/phase control code beforehand through the weight computing that Retrieval method obtains to realize Sidelobe needle-like wave beam during radiation mode, by applying different magnitudes of voltage to electroluminescent change covering wave permeation layer to realize suction ripple during backscatter mode, adaptively realize low probability of intercept and low Observable characteristic.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates in electronic technology field it is a kind of can Intellisense, possess it is low intercepting and capturing and low Observable ability it is adaptive
Answer the implementation method of skin antenna.
Background technology
With the continuous development of stealth technology, the reduction of antenna structure design (RCS), which turns into, realizes low scattering platform
The key of electromagnetism stealth characteristic.Skin antenna is the important technology direction of Antenna/RCS reduction, and Scattering of Cavities is skin antenna
The problem of being difficult to avoid.The aerodynamic configuration of aircraft, but also meeting can be not only influenceed installed in the traditional antenna of aircraft surface
Substantially reduce the Stealth Fighter of aircraft.The installation on board the aircraft of traditional wide aperture antenna and fixation are one very prominent
Problem, it is the limited space of platform first, as a consequence it is hardly possible to which a big flat plane antenna is installed；Next to that high-speed aircraft platform
When making maneuvering flight, the wave beam of planar array is it is difficult to ensure that scanning and detection to specific direction.Conformal array antenna is not only
Do not change the aerodynamic performance of carrier, be easily installed, and the RCS of aircraft can be effectively reduced, improve stealth
Energy.It is pneumatic that the conformal bearer antenna (CLAS) risen recently can solve airborne platform well, but this CLAS only considers
The gentle dynamic characteristic of conformal design with aircraft skin, the intellectuality in aspect of performance without reference to antenna, it is impossible to
The change of electromagnetic environment, adaptively change radiation and the scattering properties of antenna.
Smart skins refers in the shell of spacecraft, warship or submarine embedded intelligence structure, wherein including antenna, micro-
Handle control system and driving element, available for monitor, early warning, stealthy, communication, fire control etc..Smart skins antenna is a kind of tool
A kind of novel C LAS of standby external electromagnetic environment sensing ability.Smart skins antenna will realize intellectuality, must just use and load
The conformal MULTILAYER COMPOSITE dielectric material in body surface face, it is embedded a large amount of different between the layers in the prepackage stage of composite
Or periodically place metal patch, sensor, MEMS (MEMS), TR circuits, feeding network, transmission device and
Thermal controls apparatus, form the conformal array structure of baroque multilayer.Smart skins antenna not only is advantageous to fly from configuration aspects
Pneumatic/stealthy integrated design of device, what is more important it can adaptively regulate and control antenna performance index.U.S. Northey Luo Pu
Company and " smart skins " new antenna of TRW Ltd.'s joint research and development, employ and variety classes composite is suppressed into flakiness
Technology so that its communication distance compared with standard antenna improves more than 5 times, this new antenna is all nested in flight
Device surface, aircraft operating weight and resistance can be effectively reduced, while reduce radar area, but the antenna can not be according to outer
The change of boundary's electromagnetic environment, adaptively change radiation and the scattering properties of antenna.
As it is known, when antenna performs active detection or communication, the main object of confrontation is to intercept and capture reception system, it is necessary to spirit
The radiation characteristic of control antenna living, makes itself to be in low probability of intercept (LPI)；When performing passive detection, confrontation it is main right
As if active detection system, it is necessary to control the scattering properties of antenna, make itself to be in low Observable characteristic (LO).Fly for empty day
For row device platform, larger to RCS contributions is the antenna system on platform.Traditional antenna stealth technology is primarily upon RCS
Reduction, it is impossible to according to the change of external electromagnetic environment, adjust radiation/scattering properties of antenna in real time.With contemporary electromagnetism ring
Border increasingly sophisticated and confrontation increasingly sharpen, be solely focused on the traditional antenna stealth technology of RCS indexs can not meet it is good
Good aerial radiation/scattering double goal.Antenna must assure that normal transmission and the reception of self electromagnetism ripple, therefore traditional hidden
Body measure can not possibly be applied simply in the low probability of intercept (LPI) and low Observable characteristic (LO) of antenna, and this causes
Being provided simultaneously with the adaptive skin antenna of radiation and scattering power turns into problem urgently to be resolved hurrily in aeroplane stealthy technology.
By investigating a large amount of domestic and foreign literatures, it is found that early stage people reduce day by adjusting antenna load impedance
The backscattering enhanced of line, but such adjustment can influence antenna radiation performance, and typical masterpiece has recently：
《Xian Electronics Science and Technology University's journal》, 2010, " the RCS of Array Antenna optimized using spacing that Wang Wentao et al. is delivered
Reducing technique is studied " array element spacing of the document report by adjusting nonuniform noise come the radiance of optimization array antenna
With scattering properties, in the case where ensuring array gain loss very little array can be made to obtain more than 5dB's using this method
RCS reduces.
Chinese patent ZL201310492003.7 discloses a kind of " embedded intelligence skin antenna ", using optical fiber sensor network
Network, reconfigurable antenna and restructural feeding network realize that working condition self diagnosis, the antenna radiation performance of skin antenna can
Reconstruct, it is ensured that the radiation electrical property of embedded intelligence skin antenna, avoid traditional array antenna after the damage of part submatrix
Hydraulic performance decline or it is unrenewable the defects of, it is excessive to solve traditional phased array antenna array gain loss in high scan angles
Defect, but the patent is without reference to the adaptive implementation method of smart skins antenna scattering characteristic, do not provide aerial radiation with
Scatter the technical scheme of comprehensive Design.
《Acta Physica Sinica》, 2014, " the novel frequency selection surface of a kind of stable performance that Yuan Zidong et al. is delivered
(FSS) and its microstrip antenna application " a kind of high performance frequency selective surface based on Fractal Tree structure of document report, and will
Its spatial filter as microstrip antenna, the spatial filter, which has, to be improved broad-band antenna gain, enhancing antenna directivity, changes
Effect of the kind beamwidth of antenna with reducing RCS in aerial band, while can apply to radiate with scattering property in broad-band antenna band
Improve.
《Acta Physica Sinica》, 2014, " a kind of waveguide for having the low scattering signatures of high-gain and broadband concurrently that first-class people Zhao delivers
The document of slot antenna design ", a kind of disclosed Waveguide slot antenna, will be etched with the square patch people of complementary openings resonant ring
The orthogonal all-metal reflecting plate for structuring the formation to obtain the low RCS radiation shields in broadband and replace primary antenna with it of work magnetic conductor, it is anti-by optimizing
The load mode of screen is penetrated, while broadening antenna operating band, raising antenna gain, realizes wide frequency domain scope internal antenna nose
Bore direction RCS decrements.
《Electronic letters, vol》, 2015, Wang Congsi et al. deliver " radiation of active phase array antenna based on mechanical-electric coupling and
The document of scattering properties complex optimum ", using particle swarm optimization algorithm, optimize the setting height(from bottom) of all radiating elements of front, with
Realize the balance design of active phase array antenna radiance and scattering property.
《IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation》, 2015, S.L.Berdnik etc.
" the Radiation and scattering of electromagnetic waves by a multielement that people delivers
On vibrator-slot structure in a rectangular waveguide " literature research rectangular waveguide broadside
Relation between the radiation and scattering of transverse groove, it is real come tuned impedance by inserting two variable metal columns inside rectangular waveguide
The greatest irradiation of existing groove.
《National University of Defense technology's journal》, 2015, " the low RCS EBG Waveguide slot array antennas " that Bai Jiajun et al. is delivered
Literature research Mushroom electromagnetic bandgap structures (EBG), and for the design of Waveguide slot array antenna among, utilize
EBG band gap properties suppress the surface wave in antenna array, to improve the radiance of antenna, utilize EBG same phase reflection characteristic
The RCS decrements of antenna are realized, so as to realize the tradeoff design of aerial radiation and scattering.
《The communication technology》, 2016, the document of " offseting reduction Antenna/RCS using antenna secondary radiation " that Joseph Yam is delivered
Antenna mode scattering and the scattering of antenna structure item are analyzed and discussed, controls antenna mode item to dissipate by terminating load
Penetrate and offseted with antenna structure item, the low RCS of antenna is realized in specific angular domain.
《Electronics Letters》, 2017, " the Coding diffusion that H.Zhang et al. is delivered
Metasurface for ultra-wideband RCS reduction " document uses the metal of two kinds of sizes of different sizes
Q-RING paster passes through particle group optimizing as elementary cell, the elementary cell of every kind of size by 8 × 8 one square grid of composition
Algorithm, the layout of a different square grid arrangements is produced, to realize the stealthing design of platform carrier (such as invisbile plane), but this sets
Meter method is not suitable for the stealthing design of antenna.
Generally speaking, for the aerial radiation of domestic and foreign literature report with scattering integrated design technique, its shortcoming is not at present
It according to the change of external electromagnetic environment, can adaptively change the radiation characteristic and scattering properties of antenna.Therefore, for aerial system
For system, the change of external electromagnetic environment how is perceived exactly, neatly selection processing strategy, adaptively changes day
The radiation characteristic and scattering properties of line, antenna low probability of intercept (LPI) and low Observable characteristic (LO) are realized, there is presently no true
Fixed technical scheme.
The content of the invention
The present invention seeks to part in view of the shortcomings of the prior art, there is provided one kind being capable of real-time perception external electromagnetic ring
Border, and can be according to the change of external electromagnetic environment, radiation/scattering properties of real-time monitoring antenna and the spoke of adaptively changing antenna
Penetrate the smart skins antenna with scattering properties.
The above-mentioned purpose of the present invention can be reached by following measures.A kind of adaptively changing radiation and scattering properties
Smart skins antenna, including：Electroluminescent change covering wave permeation layer 1, active antenna array 2, single chip control unit 3, Wearable are passed
Sensor 5, multiplexer 6, and the power supply 4 of power supply requirement is provided, it is characterised in that：Each channel unit of active antenna array 2
The amplifier and phase shifter for width/mutually weight can be realized to each radio-frequency channel by being integrated with；Single chip control unit 3 is provided with existing
Field programmable gate array fpga chip and the power width/phase control code needed for several Sidelobe needle-like wave beams being obtained ahead of time
Value is stored in the Retrieval method in programmable read only memory PROM chips, and fpga chip is the power being stored in PROM chips
The width that value is calculated as/phase control code is sent to the amplifier and phase shifter of active antenna array 2, realizes the ripple of smart skins antenna
Shu Hecheng and beam scanning；Multiplexer 6 is designed with the multiple of the corresponding address code of single chip control unit 3 according to different operating frequency range
Bandpass filtering passage, single chip control unit 3 judge according to the TTL low and high levels of each passage corresponding address code of multi-function device (6)
Radiation/backscatter mode, redistributes radiation/scattering property of antenna on demand, and controls power supply 4 to electroluminescent change covering wave permeation layer 1
Polyaniline compound conducting polymer apply different magnitudes of voltage, pass through the electricity of applied voltage adjustment control polyaniline compound conducting polymer
Magnetic parameter, wavelength of the radar wave in polymer is changed, realize wave transparent radiation or the target radar of smart skins antenna
The grading absorption of ripple signal, the beam scanning of Sidelobe needle-like or antenna low radar scattering cross section RCS are completed, adaptively changes intelligence
The radiation of energy skin antenna and scattering properties.
The present invention has the advantages that compared to prior art：
Being capable of real-time perception external electromagnetic environment.The present invention carries out target radar ripple monitoring using Wearable sensors 5, and will
The presence or absence of monitoring result is sent to single chip control unit 3 by the passage of multi-function device 6, and the passage of each multiple devices 6 is corresponding single
One address code of piece machine control unit 3, single chip control unit 3 judge smart skins according to the TTL low and high levels of address code
Antenna Operation in radiation mode or backscatter mode, adaptively realize smart skins antenna low probability of intercept LPI and it is low can
Observating characteristic LO, so as to solve traditional Stealthy reflector Antenna can not real-time perception external electromagnetic environment, adaptively realize it is stealthy and
The defects of radiation.
According to the change of external electromagnetic environment, the radiation/scattering properties of antenna can be adjusted in real time.The present invention uses Retrieval method
The weights of width/phase control code needed for several Sidelobe needle-like wave beams being obtained ahead of time are stored in PROM chips, passed through
Fpga chip the weight computing being stored in PROM chips into width/phase control code be sent to active antenna array 2 and each penetrate
The amplifier and phase shifter of frequency passage, realize Beam synthesis and the beam scanning of smart skins antenna；Use polyaniline compound simultaneously
Electroluminescent change covering wave permeation layer 1 of the conducting polymer as smart skins antenna, by controlling power supply 4 to electroluminescent change covering wave permeation layer
1 applies the electromagnetic parameter that different voltages carry out adjustment control polyaniline compound conducting polymer, so that radar wave is in polymer
Wavelength changes, and realizes wave transparent radiation or the grading absorption of target radar ripple signal of smart skins antenna；Single-chip microcomputer controls
Unit 3 judges that smart skins Antenna Operation in radiation mode or backscatter mode, weighs on demand according to the TTL low and high levels of address code
The radiance and scattering property of new distribution antenna, so as to overcome prior art can not according to the change of external electromagnetic environment,
In real time the defects of radiation/scattering properties of adjustment antenna.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is present invention radiation and the composition frame chart for scattering adaptive skin antenna.
Fig. 2 is the Sidelobe needle-like beam example figure that the present invention synthesizes in a scanning direction.
Fig. 3 is the electroluminescent low RCS curves exemplary plot become when covering wave permeation layer 1 works of the present invention.
In figure：1 electroluminescent change covering wave permeation layer, 2 active antenna array, 3 single chip control units, 4 power supplys, 5Wearable
Sensor, 6 multiplexers.
Embodiment
To make the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage are more clearly understood, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, to this
Invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is used only for explaining the present invention, not
For limiting this invention.
Refering to Fig. 1.In embodiment described below, the smart skins day of a kind of adaptively changing radiation and scattering properties
Line, the preferable conformal array of 32 × 32 arbitrary surface, mainly includes：Electroluminescent change covering wave permeation layer 1, active antenna array 2, set
Single chip control unit 3, Wearable sensors 5, multiplexer 6 and the offer power supply for having fpga chip and PROM chips need
The power supply 4 asked, wherein electroluminescent change covering wave permeation layer 1 is connected as one with active antenna array 2, active antenna array 2 it is each
Channel unit is integrated with and realizes width/mutually weight to each radio-frequency channel of active antenna array 2 by single chip control unit 3
Amplifier and phase shifter, the electroluminescent electricity for becoming covering wave permeation layer 1 and passing through applied voltage adjustment control polyaniline compound conducting polymer
Magnetic parameter, so that wavelength of the radar wave in polymer changes, and power supply 4 is controlled to apply by single chip control unit 3
Add different magnitudes of voltage, realize wave transparent radiation or the grading absorption of target radar ripple signal of smart skins antenna；Wearable is passed
The real-time monitoring objective radar wave signal of sensor 5, and the presence or absence of monitoring result is sent to single chip control unit by multi-function device 6
3, wherein multiplexer 6 is designed with the passage of multiple bandpass filterings according to different operating frequency range；Each passage corresponds to single-chip microcomputer control
One address code of unit 3, the passages of all bandpass filterings without radar wave signal by when, the institute of single chip control unit 3
The Transistor-Transistor Logic level for having channel address code is low, and now the C8051F340 single-chip microcomputers in single chip control unit 3 control smart skins
Antenna Operation is in radiation mode；When the passage of any one bandpass filtering has radar wave signal, the correspondence of single chip control unit 3
The Transistor-Transistor Logic level of channel address code is height, now the C8051F340 single-chip microcomputers control smart skins day in single chip control unit 3
Line is being operated in backscatter mode corresponding to the channel address code in working frequency range.Specifically, if smart skins Antenna Operation is in spoke
Emission mode, single chip control unit 3 controls active antenna array 2, being obtained ahead of time by Retrieval method and be stored in PROM
The weights of width/phase control code needed for several Sidelobe needle-like wave beams in chip, it is calculated as by fpga chip width/phased
Code processed is sent to the amplifier and phase shifter of each radio-frequency channel of active antenna array 2, realizes the wave beam of smart skins antenna
Synthesis and beam scanning, complete the low probability of intercept (LPI) of smart skins antenna.If smart skins Antenna Operation is in scattering mould
Formula, fpga chip specific address code, identification according to corresponding to the passage of the bandpass filtering of multiplexer 6 of single chip control unit 3
Go out the specific works frequency range of target radar ripple signal, and control power supply 4 to export the specific magnitude of voltage of the working frequency range, to electroluminescent change
Covering wave permeation layer 1 is powered, the radar wave absorbing of working frequency range corresponding to realization, realizes the low Observable characteristic of smart skins antenna
(LO)。
In such scheme, the electroluminescent polyaniline compound conducting polymer for becoming covering wave permeation layer 1 is controlled by single chip control unit 3
Power supply 4 processed applies different magnitudes of voltage, it is possible to achieve from 1GHz~18GHz broadband thunderstorm activity, and by 1GHz~2GHz,
2GHz~4GHz, 4GHz~8GHz, 8GHz~12GHz, 12GHz~18GHz carry out segmentation thunderstorm activity.
In such scheme, multiplexer 6 by 1GHz~2GHz, 2GHz~4GHz, 4GHz~8GHz, 8GHz~12GHz,
12GHz~18GHz working frequency range devises the passage of 5 bandpass filterings, and each passage corresponds to the one of single chip control unit 3
Individual address code.
In such scheme, active antenna array 2 uses array scale as M × N, provided with M × N roads radio-frequency channel, in M × N
In the radio-frequency channel of road, each radio-frequency channel is integrated with amplifier and phase shifter respectively, and by single chip control unit 3 to active
The amplifier and phase shifter of each radio-frequency channel of aerial array 2 are controlled, and input the Sidelobe pin of active antenna array 2 in real time
Width/phase control code required for shape wave beam, above-mentioned M, N are natural number.
In such scheme, single chip control unit 3 is integrated with the C8051F340 single-chip microcomputers of SiliconLas companies release,
The fpga chip and PROM chips that XILINX companies release, wherein field programmable gate array FPGA chip select XQ4VLX25-
10SF363M models, PROM chips select XCF32PFSG48C models.
The detailed technology scheme of the present invention is as follows：
The first step, in preferred example, in design radiation and scattering self-adapting intelligent skin antenna, according to arbitrary surface conformal array
The scale of row, it is necessary first to use Retrieval method to obtain sum as TMNThe active antenna array 2 of individual Sidelobe needle-like wave beam is every
The excitation weights of individual radio-frequency channel, it is specific as follows：
1) according to far field principle of stacking, the far field of the conformal array of arbitrary surfaceIt can be expressed as：
In formula, wmnIt is the excitation weights of the mn array element,It is the active cell direction of the mn array element
Figure vector,It is space phase condition,For at space any pointUnit vector on direction, RmnIt is mn
Array element relative to selected coordinate system center position coordinates.In order to realize Sidelobe needle-like wave beam, using Retrieval method
Obtain encouraging weight wmn, its fitness function Fit (wmn) be：
In above formula,It is the far-field pattern secondary lobe region of the conformal array of arbitrary surface,It is being total to for arbitrary surface
Shape array far-field pattern beam scanning direction, SLL are desired minor level values, and A is the conformal array equivalent of arbitrary surface
Bore is managed, λ is the operation wavelength of the conformal array of arbitrary surface, μ1It is the tuning weights of Sidelobe needle-like wave beam minor level, μ2It is
Arbitrary surface conformal array is listed in the maximum gain tuning weights in scanning area, wherein μ1+μ2=1, and taken specifically by expectation requirement
Value.In this conformal array example of 32 × 32 arbitrary surfaces, μ1=0.55, μ2=0.45.
2) according to fitness function Fit (wmn), using Retrieval method can any angular domain obtain secondary lobe less than SLL,
The excitation weight w of each array element of the optimal array pattern of array gainmn, the sampling interval of wherein array pattern presses
Array beamses 3dB width is calculated, and standard is sampling scale by the minimum beam angle BW of array, and formula is as follows：
D is the conformal array element spacing of arbitrary surface in formula.In the conformal array example of 32 × 32 arbitrary surfaces, d=0.5 λ,
SLL=-30dB.
3) existθ0In=0 °~60 °, Sidelobe needle-like beam pattern sum T altogetherMNFor
Thus total quantity T is obtainedMNThe conformal array of arbitrary surface that can generate Sidelobe needle-like beam pattern each array
Element excitation weight wmn, and be stored in PROM chips.In the conformal array example of 32 × 32 arbitrary surfaces, total quantity TMN=
2166, share the excitation weight w of 2166 32 × 32mn, 2166 Sidelobe needle-like beam patterns can be generated.
Second step, on the basis of the first step is completed, the real-time monitoring objective radar wave of Wearable sensors 5, if
Wearable sensors 5 do not monitor target radar ripple signal, then single corresponding to the passage of all bandpass filterings of multi-function device 6
The Transistor-Transistor Logic level of the address code of piece machine control unit 3 is low, and single chip control unit 3 controls smart skins Antenna Operation radiating
Pattern, and perform following work：
The integrated monolithic machine of single chip control unit 3, call have previously been stored in PROM chips using Retrieval method generation
Weights are encouraged, the amplifier of 2 each radio-frequency channel of active antenna array and width/phase of phase shifter needs are calculated by fpga chip
Control code, the space power synthesis of electromagnetic wave signal is realized on the direction of designated flying zone, form Sidelobe needle-like wave beam, complete intelligence
The low probability of intercept (LPI) of energy skin antenna.Specifically, single chip control unit 3 is provided with model C8051F340 single-chip microcomputers,
C8051F340 single-chip microcomputers control power supply 4 is not powered to electroluminescent change covering wave permeation layer 1, electroluminescent change covering wave permeation layer 1 is in wave transparent
Radiation regimes, while the C8051F340 single-chip microcomputers in single chip control unit 3 call and generate and store up beforehand through Retrieval method
The excitation weights in PROM chips be present, the amplification of each radio-frequency channel of active antenna array 2 is calculated as by fpga chip
Width/phase control code that device and phase shifter need, realizes space power synthesis of the electromagnetic wave signal on specified spatial domain direction, shape
Into Sidelobe needle-like wave beam, the low probability of intercept (LPI) of completion smart skins antenna.
Refering to Fig. 2.Synthesize in a scanning direction in Sidelobe needle-like wave beam, the conformal array of preferably 32 × 32 arbitrary surfaces,
Sidelobe needle-like wave beam is synthesized on 0 degree, 30 degree, 60 degree of directions.
3rd step, performed parallel with second step on the basis of the first step is completed, Wearable sensors 5 monitor mesh in real time
Radar wave is marked, if Wearable sensors 5 monitor target radar ripple signal, the passage of all bandpass filterings of multi-function device 6
In have the Transistor-Transistor Logic level of the address code of single chip control unit 3 corresponding to a passage for height, single chip control unit 3 controls intelligence
Energy skin antenna is operated in backscatter mode, and performs following work：
1) the TTL high level of the fpga chip of single chip control unit 3 address code according to corresponding to the specific passage of multiplexer 6,
Judge the specific works frequency range of target radar ripple signal, and control power supply 4 to export specific frequency range to electroluminescent change covering wave permeation layer 1
Inhale the magnitude of voltage of ripple.
2) it is electroluminescent to become specific magnitude of voltage of the covering wave permeation layer 1 according to application, it is adaptive correspondingly realize 1GHz~
The thunderstorm activity of 2GHz, 2GHz~4GHz, 4GHz~8GHz, 8GHz~12GHz, 12GHz~18GHz segmentation frequency ranges, is realized
The low Observable characteristic (LO) of smart skins antenna.
Refering to Fig. 3.In low radar scattering cross section (RCS) when electroluminescent change covering wave permeation layer 1 works, preferably 32 × 32
The meaning conformal array of curved surface.
The working condition of 4th step, second step and the 3rd step is by the real-time monitoring objective radar wave of Wearable sensors 5
Signal, the ground of the single chip control unit 3 according to corresponding to the passage of all bandpass filterings of multi-function device 6 of single chip control unit 3
The Transistor-Transistor Logic level of location code is single to there is single-chip microcomputer control corresponding to a passage in the passage of low or multi-function device 6 all bandpass filterings
The Transistor-Transistor Logic level of the address code of member 3 is operated mode adaptive selection for height, completes the radiation of electromagnetic wave with making antenna self-adaptive
And scattering, realize the low probability of intercept (LPI) and low Observable characteristic (LO) of smart skins antenna.
The present invention illustrates and shows referring specifically to preferred embodiment, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that can be
Remodeling is made in form and in content without departing from spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of adaptively changing radiation and the smart skins antenna of scattering properties, including：Electroluminescent change covering wave permeation layer (1), have
Source antenna array (2), single chip control unit (3), Wearable sensors (5), multiplexer (6), and power supply requirement is provided
Power supply (4), it is characterised in that：Each channel unit of active antenna array (2) is integrated with can be real to each radio-frequency channel
The amplifier and phase shifter for existing width/mutually weight；Single chip control unit (3) be provided with field programmable gate array FPGA chip and
The weights of width/phase control code needed for several Sidelobe needle-like wave beams being obtained ahead of time are stored in programmable read only memory
Retrieval method in PROM chips, fpga chip the weight computing being stored in PROM chips into width/phase control code send out
The amplifier and phase shifter of active antenna array (2) are given, realizes Beam synthesis and the beam scanning of smart skins antenna；Multiplexing
Device (6) is designed with multiple bandpass filtering passages of corresponding single chip control unit (3) address code, monolithic according to different operating frequency range
Machine control unit (3) judges radiation/backscatter mode according to the TTL low and high levels of each passage corresponding address code of multi-function device (6), presses
Radiation/scattering property of antenna need to be redistributed, and controls power supply (4) to be led to the polyaniline compound of electroluminescent change covering wave permeation layer (1)
Electric polymer applies different magnitudes of voltage, by the electromagnetic parameter of applied voltage adjustment control polyaniline compound conducting polymer, makes thunder
Changed up to wavelength of the ripple in polymer, realize the wave transparent radiation or the segmentation of target radar ripple signal of smart skins antenna
Absorb, complete the beam scanning of Sidelobe needle-like or antenna low radar scattering cross section RCS, adaptively change smart skins antenna
Radiation and scattering properties.
2. adaptively changing radiation as claimed in claim 1 and the smart skins antenna of scattering properties, it is characterised in that：Work
When, the passage of each multiple devices (6) corresponds to an address code of single chip control unit (3), and Wearable sensors (5) will be real
When the presence or absence of monitoring objective radar wave signal monitoring result, single chip control unit (3), monolithic are sent to by multi-function device (6)
Machine control unit (3) judges that smart skins Antenna Operation still scatters mould in radiation mode according to the TTL low and high levels of address code
Formula, redistributes the radiance and scattering property of antenna on demand, and controls power supply (4) to apply polyaniline compound conducting polymer
Different magnitudes of voltage come obtain the wave transparent of smart skins antenna radiation or target radar ripple signal grading absorption, realize smart skins
The Sidelobe needle-like beam scanning of antenna or low RCS, adaptively realize smart skins antenna low probability of intercept LPI and it is low can
Observating characteristic LO.
3. adaptively changing radiation as claimed in claim 1 and the smart skins antenna of scattering properties, it is characterised in that：If intelligence
Energy skin antenna is operated in radiation mode, single chip control unit (3) control active antenna array (2), is calculated cloud heredity is passed through
Method is obtained ahead of time and is stored in the weights of width/phase control code needed for several Sidelobe needle-like wave beams in PROM chips, be logical
Cross fpga chip be calculated as width/phase control code be sent to active antenna array (2) each radio-frequency channel amplifier and phase shift
Device, Beam synthesis and the beam scanning of smart skins antenna are realized, complete the low probability of intercept LPI of smart skins antenna.
4. adaptively changing radiation as claimed in claim 1 and the smart skins antenna of scattering properties, it is characterised in that：If intelligence
Energy skin antenna is operated in backscatter mode, and the fpga chip of single chip control unit (3) is according to the bandpass filtering of multiplexer (6)
Specific address code corresponding to passage, identifies the specific works frequency range of target radar ripple signal, and controls power supply (4) to export the work
Make the specific magnitude of voltage of frequency range, to electroluminescent change covering wave permeation layer (1) power supply, the radar wave absorbing of working frequency range corresponding to realization,
The low Observable characteristic LO of real-time implementation smart skins antenna.
5. adaptively changing radiation as claimed in claim 1 and the smart skins antenna of scattering properties, it is characterised in that：It is active
Aerial array (2) uses array scale as road radio-frequency channel, and each radio-frequency channel is integrated with controls list by single-chip microcomputer respectively
The amplifier and phase shifter of first (3) width/phase control code required for control input Sidelobe needle-like wave beam in real time, be natural number.
6. adaptively changing radiation as claimed in claim 5 and the smart skins antenna of scattering properties, it is characterised in that：Monolithic
Machine control unit (3) integrated monolithic machine, the excitation using Retrieval method generation having previously been stored in PROM chips is called to weigh
Value, the amplifier of each radio-frequency channel of active antenna array (2) and width/phase control of phase shifter needs are calculated by fpga chip
Code, the space power synthesis of electromagnetic wave signal is realized on the direction of designated flying zone, form Sidelobe needle-like wave beam, completed intelligence and cover
The low probability of intercept LPI of skin antenna.
7. adaptively changing radiation as claimed in claim 1 and the smart skins antenna of scattering properties, it is characterised in that：If
Wearable sensors (5) do not monitor target radar ripple signal, then the passage of all bandpass filterings of multi-function device (6) is corresponding
Single chip control unit (3) address code Transistor-Transistor Logic level to be low, single chip control unit (3) control smart skins antenna work
Make in radiation mode.
8. adaptively changing radiation as claimed in claim 1 and the smart skins antenna of scattering properties, it is characterised in that：If
Wearable sensors (5) monitor target radar ripple signal, then have one in the passage of all bandpass filterings of multi-function device (6)
The Transistor-Transistor Logic level of the address code of single chip control unit corresponding to passage (3) is height, and single chip control unit (3) control intelligence is covered
Skin Antenna Operation is in backscatter mode.
9. adaptively changing radiation as claimed in claim 8 and the smart skins antenna of scattering properties, it is characterised in that：Monolithic
The integrated fpga chip of machine control unit (3), according to the TTL high level of address code corresponding to the specific passage of multiplexer (6), sentences
Break and the specific works frequency range of target radar ripple signal, and control power supply (4) to the electroluminescent specific frequency of change covering wave permeation layer (1) output
Section inhales the magnitude of voltage of ripple.
10. adaptively changing radiation as claimed in claim 9 and the smart skins antenna of scattering properties, it is characterised in that：Electricity
Mutagens covering wave permeation layer (1) according to the specific magnitude of voltage of application, adaptively realize correspondingly 1GHz~2GHz, 2GHz~
The thunderstorm activity of 4GHz, 4GHz~8GHz, 8GHz~12GHz, 12GHz~18GHz segmentation frequency ranges, realizes smart skins antenna
Low Observable characteristic LO.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108181615A (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2018-06-19 | 北京机电工程研究所 | A kind of active passive electromagnetism offsets stealthy system |
| CN109524796A (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2019-03-26 | 中国电子科技集团公司信息科学研究院 | A kind of low scattering slot array antenna of broadband low section |
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| CN114166408A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-03-11 | 成都凯天电子股份有限公司 | Embedded atmospheric pressure sensor with low radar scattering efficiency and mounting structure |
| CN115173073A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-10-11 | 四川大学 | Aperiodic artificial magnetic conductor printed dipole antenna |
| CN115173073B (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2023-08-29 | 四川大学 | Aperiodic artificial magnetic conductor printed dipole antenna |
| CN115360528A (en) * | 2022-10-24 | 2022-11-18 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Radar switch frequency selective surface loaded with polyaniline |
| CN115360528B (en) * | 2022-10-24 | 2022-12-30 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Radar switch frequency selective surface loaded with polyaniline |
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