CN107391779A - A kind of blank shape design method of die forging crankshaft of diesel engine - Google Patents
A kind of blank shape design method of die forging crankshaft of diesel engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN107391779A CN107391779A CN201610327348.0A CN201610327348A CN107391779A CN 107391779 A CN107391779 A CN 107391779A CN 201610327348 A CN201610327348 A CN 201610327348A CN 107391779 A CN107391779 A CN 107391779A
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- Prior art keywords
- blank
- forging
- crankshaft
- diesel engine
- die
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
- G06F30/23—Design optimisation, verification or simulation using finite element methods [FEM] or finite difference methods [FDM]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
- G06F30/17—Mechanical parametric or variational design
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of forging, specifically a kind of blank shape design method of die forging crankshaft of diesel engine, suitable for the die-forging forming process of some crankshaft of diesel engine.The blank cross sectional shape of die forging crankshaft of diesel engine is two as follows to circular arc, its specific design method using two circular arcs and two rectilinear(-al)s：The first step, one or more most crank throw of crankshaft forging materials is selected, according to the diameter of the equal theory deduction bar of volume, to calculate blank area of section as analysis object；Second step, it is equal for principle with area of section, it is determined that suitable width and height ratio, one high narrow of design two to circular arc blank section；3rd step, the higher direction of high narrow blank is placed along die forging deformation direction and carries out die forging.The present invention can improve the utilization rate of material, save production cost, and the polymorphic structure that can solve the problems, such as crankshaft forging etc. fills difficult, the balance weight part that especially materials are more, depth-width ratio is larger.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the field of forging, specifically a kind of blank shape design method of die forging crankshaft of diesel engine,
It is applied to the die-forging forming process of some crankshaft of diesel engine, can improve stock utilization, reduces production cost.
Background technology
Bent axle is as working part important in engine, and should withstand shocks load in the operating to move in circles,
Transmit very big moment of torsion again, thus the performance indications such as fatigue, intensity, dynamic balancing to bent axle have it is higher
It is required that how by improving the forming technology of bent axle to ensure that its good mechanical performance becomes more important.With casting
Bent axle to be made to compare, crankshaft forging is advantageous to reduce the work noise of engine and vibrations, wearability increase,
The development for the features such as being more suitable for the big engine power of automobile, low friction loss.The shape and structure of bent axle are more multiple
Miscellaneous, the transition change in each section is very big, is one of forging most complicated in auto parts and components, it is difficult to ensure that smart
True processing.The balance weight part of bent axle is not only high but also thin, the longer while larger depth-width ratio of metal flow distance
Again interior metal temperature is declined quickly, plasticity reduces, and belongs to and is most difficult to the part for filling type.Many forgings at present
The balance weight part of bent axle does not have following process, is directly shaped by die forging, and which results in processing to produce
Overlap surplus it is larger, stock utilization is low.Therefore, according to bent axle each several part materials how much, to material crankshaft
Accurate sub-material is carried out, can effectively reduce overlap, improves stock utilization, while to the key structure of mould
Part optimizes design, is also beneficial to the shaping of bent axle and the raising of forging quality.With computer technology and
The continuous development of numerical simulation technology, people more and more by computer simulation bulk forming process process,
The cost of production so can be not only reduced, reduces the loss of test material, design effect can also be greatly enhanced
Rate, shorten the cycle of research and development.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of blank shape design method of die forging crankshaft of diesel engine, to solve song
The problem of polymorphic structure filling of forging shaft etc. is difficult, the balance block portion that especially materials are more, depth-width ratio is larger
Point.Using this new blank shape, be advantageous to reduce overlap, improve stock utilization.
The technical scheme is that：
A kind of blank shape design method of die forging crankshaft of diesel engine, comprises the following steps：
1) one or more most crank throw of crankshaft forging materials is selected as analysis object, according to volume phase
Deng theory deduction bar diameter, calculate blank area of section；
2) it is equal for principle with area of section, the width and height ratio of blank are determined, designs the two of high narrow to circle
Arc blank section, the cross sectional shape of material crankshaft are two circular arcs and two rectilinear(-al)s two to circular arc；
3) the higher direction of high narrow blank is placed along die forging deformation direction, material crankshaft is upper along die forging direction
Lower two sides is arc surface, and the arc top of material crankshaft upper and lower surface is corresponding with upper and lower stamp forging mould respectively, and carries out mould
Forging, so that it more fully fills type.
The blank shape design method of described die forging crankshaft of diesel engine, in step 1), used for each crank throw
Expect equal or close to equal crankshaft forging, area of section keeps constant to its blank in the axial direction；For each
Crank throw materials volume differs more crankshaft forging, according to its crank throw materials volume number, by blank design into
The unequal shape of area of section in the axial direction.
The blank shape design method of described die forging crankshaft of diesel engine, in step 2), two to circular arc blank
Height than optimal value in 0.7~0.95.
The blank shape design method of described die forging crankshaft of diesel engine, in step 2), two to circular arc blank
Width be necessarily less than the maximum height of blank.
The blank shape design method of described die forging crankshaft of diesel engine, after step 2) terminates, with finite element
Software carries out the finite element modelling of blank die-forging forming, changes sectional area, the width of blank in right amount according to analog result
Degree and height repeat to simulate the die-forging forming process of blank than parameter, with this determination it is optimal two to circular shape.
Advantages of the present invention and beneficial effect are：
The present invention proposes a kind of blank shape design method of die forging crankshaft of diesel engine, is designed using this method
Blank shape can greatly enhance the polymorphic structures such as blank filling balance weight compared with original cylinder blank
Ability, so as to be advantageous to reduce overlap caused by die forging, improve stock utilization.Before putting into production, pass through
Using the forming process of Finite Element Simulation Software simulation blank, billet size and contour forging technique parameter are changed, is reduced
Experiment loss, shortens design cycle.
Brief description of the drawings
The two of Fig. 1 material crankshafts section are to circular arc schematic diagram.Wherein, a is high between the arc bottom of upper and lower surface
Spend (mm)；B height (mm) between the arc top of upper and lower surface；W is the width (mm) of die forging material crankshaft.
Fig. 2 two is to circular arc material crankshaft and the placement relation schematic diagram of stamp forging mould.
The identical height of Fig. 3 width is than different two to circular arc material crankshaft schematic diagram.
Embodiment
In specific implementation process, the blank shape design method of die forging crankshaft of diesel engine of the present invention is as follows：First
Step, one or more most crank throw of crankshaft forging materials is selected as analysis object, it is equal according to volume
Theory deduction bar diameter, calculate blank area of section；Second step, it is equal for principle with area of section,
It is determined that suitable width and height ratio, one high narrow of design two to circular arc blank section；3rd step, will
Placed along die forging deformation direction and carry out die forging in the higher direction of high narrow blank.The present invention can improve the profit of material
With rate, production cost is saved.
Below, the present invention is described in further detail with reference to drawings and Examples.
As shown in figure 1, the present invention proposes a kind of new die forging material crankshaft cross sectional shape, die forging material crankshaft
Upper and lower surface be cambered surface, the cross sectional shape of material crankshaft is two circular arcs and two rectilinear(-al)s two to circular arc
Shape.As shown in Fig. 2 during die forging blank modes of emplacement, two to circular arc material crankshaft be positioned over up and down die forging
Between mould, the arc top of upper and lower surface is corresponding with upper and lower stamp forging mould respectively, two setting to circular arc blank shape
Meter method, comprises the following steps：
1) one or two most crank throw of crankshaft forging materials is selected as analysis object, it is equal according to volume
The diameter of theory deduction bar：
V=π r2Lμ
In formula, V and L are respectively the volume (mm of this section of crank throw3) and length (mm)；μ is design bar
When the stock utilization drafted, the complicated crank throw of general shape calculates by 0.8, shape easy crank throw by 0.83~
0.85 calculates；R is bar radius (mm).
So as to by bar radius, calculate blank area of section.It is equal or close to phase for each crank throw materials
Deng crankshaft forging, its blank in the axial direction area of section keep it is constant, wherein referring to close to equal：It is each
Weight difference between crankshaft forging crank throw is in the range of 10%；Except equal or close in addition to equal, for each song
Turn materials volume and differ more crankshaft forging, according to its crank throw materials volume number, by blank design into edge
The unequal shape of axis direction area of section.
2) it is as shown in figure 1, equal for principle with area of section, two are determined to circular arc critical size：Height ratio
β and width w, wherein β=a/b, the highly optimal span 0.7~0.95 than β, width w's is optimal
Value is 0.55b~0.85b.Suitable width and height ratio are chosen, determines the two of high narrow to circular arc blank
Section.
3) as shown in Fig. 2 vertically (i.e. die forging direction) is positioned over lower mould by the higher direction of blank
On, the upper and lower surface of blank is cambered surface, and carries out die forging.
4) for more accurate design blank shape, finite element software can be used to carry out the limited of blank die-forging forming
Member simulation, the sectional area, width and height for changing blank in right amount according to analog result compare parameter.If simulation flies
Side is larger, then reduces two areas to circular arc；If the forging of finish-forging end simulation has part to be not filled by die cavity,
Then consider：
A) sectional area of two circular arcs is increased in right amount；
B) sectional area is still kept constant, is increased width, is reduced height a between the upper and lower surface arc bottom of material crankshaft
The height b between upper and lower surface arc top；
C) sectional area is still kept constant, increase height than β value, obtain the identical height of width than different two to
Circular arc (see Fig. 3).
Repeat to simulate the die-forging forming process of blank, with this determination it is optimal two to circular shape.
Embodiment
The present embodiment applies the plane in certain factory's model to divide the die forging production scene of mould four-cylinder diesel engine bent axle.Base
Material material is 42CrMo steel, and forging weight 22.3kg, blank uses two sections to circular arc, before die forging processing
1200 DEG C are heated to, die forging is carried out on 6300 tons of press.Shaped by blocking and finish-forging, forging is filled out completely
Fill die cavity, shaping is all right, and shapes maximum load and declined, now two to circular arc blank it is more former
The circular blank volume come has reduced, two to circular arc highly than being 0.782, width 72mm, material is sharp
8.7% is lifted with rate.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of blank shape design method of die forging crankshaft of diesel engine, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
1) one or more most crank throw of crankshaft forging materials is selected as analysis object, according to volume phase
Deng theory deduction bar diameter, calculate blank area of section；
2) it is equal for principle with area of section, the width and height ratio of blank are determined, designs the two of high narrow to circle
Arc blank section, the cross sectional shape of material crankshaft are two circular arcs and two rectilinear(-al)s two to circular arc；
3) the higher direction of high narrow blank is placed along die forging deformation direction, material crankshaft is upper along die forging direction
Lower two sides is arc surface, and the arc top of material crankshaft upper and lower surface is corresponding with upper and lower stamp forging mould respectively, and carries out mould
Forging, so that it more fully fills type.
2. according to the blank shape design method of the die forging crankshaft of diesel engine described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Equal or close to equal crankshaft forging for each crank throw materials in the step 1), its blank is along axis
Direction area of section keeps constant；More crankshaft forging is differed for each crank throw materials volume, it is bent according to it
The number of materials volume is turned, by blank design into the unequal shape of area of section in the axial direction.
3. according to the blank shape design method of the die forging crankshaft of diesel engine described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：
In the step 2), two to circular arc blank height than optimal value in 0.7~0.95.
4. according to the blank shape design method of the die forging crankshaft of diesel engine described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：
In the step 2), two are necessarily less than the maximum height of blank to the width of circular arc blank.
5. according to the blank shape design method of the die forging crankshaft of diesel engine described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：
After the step 2) terminates, the finite element modelling of blank die-forging forming is carried out with finite element software, according to mould
Intend result and change the sectional area, width and height of blank in right amount than parameter, the die-forging forming mistake of repetition simulation blank
Journey, with this determination it is optimal two to circular shape.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610327348.0A CN107391779B (en) | 2016-05-17 | 2016-05-17 | A kind of blank shape design method of die forging crankshaft of diesel engine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610327348.0A CN107391779B (en) | 2016-05-17 | 2016-05-17 | A kind of blank shape design method of die forging crankshaft of diesel engine |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN107391779A true CN107391779A (en) | 2017-11-24 |
| CN107391779B CN107391779B (en) | 2019-08-06 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109622844A (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-04-16 | 昆山惠众机电有限公司 | A kind of forging technology of the pump housing for vent gas treatment |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101176907A (en) * | 2007-10-19 | 2008-05-14 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Crankshaft bell crank bending forging counterdie for combined general macrotype ship as well as design method |
| CN102332037A (en) * | 2010-07-15 | 2012-01-25 | 沈阳黎明航空发动机(集团)有限责任公司 | Blade body sectional surface design method for die forging blade |
| CN104493030A (en) * | 2014-12-10 | 2015-04-08 | 鞍钢重型机械有限责任公司 | Forging method for crank forging piece |
| US20150128416A1 (en) * | 2012-07-27 | 2015-05-14 | Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation | Method of manufacturing die forged crankshaft |
| CN104636557A (en) * | 2015-02-10 | 2015-05-20 | 上海艾苡信息科技有限公司 | Method for conducting analog simulation on crank die forging process through computer aided engineering (CAE) |
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2016
- 2016-05-17 CN CN201610327348.0A patent/CN107391779B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
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| CN101176907A (en) * | 2007-10-19 | 2008-05-14 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Crankshaft bell crank bending forging counterdie for combined general macrotype ship as well as design method |
| CN102332037A (en) * | 2010-07-15 | 2012-01-25 | 沈阳黎明航空发动机(集团)有限责任公司 | Blade body sectional surface design method for die forging blade |
| US20150128416A1 (en) * | 2012-07-27 | 2015-05-14 | Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation | Method of manufacturing die forged crankshaft |
| CN104493030A (en) * | 2014-12-10 | 2015-04-08 | 鞍钢重型机械有限责任公司 | Forging method for crank forging piece |
| CN104636557A (en) * | 2015-02-10 | 2015-05-20 | 上海艾苡信息科技有限公司 | Method for conducting analog simulation on crank die forging process through computer aided engineering (CAE) |
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| 吕宏伟 等: "大型船用曲轴曲拐弯锻过程的计算机模拟与工艺优化研究", 《热加工工艺》 * |
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| CN109622844A (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-04-16 | 昆山惠众机电有限公司 | A kind of forging technology of the pump housing for vent gas treatment |
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| CN107391779B (en) | 2019-08-06 |
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