CN107389481B - Fatigue testing machine - Google Patents
Fatigue testing machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN107389481B CN107389481B CN201710650490.3A CN201710650490A CN107389481B CN 107389481 B CN107389481 B CN 107389481B CN 201710650490 A CN201710650490 A CN 201710650490A CN 107389481 B CN107389481 B CN 107389481B
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- eccentric wheel
- testing machine
- fatigue testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/32—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying repeated or pulsating forces
- G01N3/38—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying repeated or pulsating forces generated by electromagnetic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/005—Electromagnetic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
- G01N2203/0073—Fatigue
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
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- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a fatigue testing machine (100), comprising: the driving mechanism comprises a motor (122), an eccentric wheel driving mechanism and a connecting rod joint (130), wherein the rotating motion of the motor (122) is performed through the eccentric wheel driving mechanism to enable the connecting rod joint (130) to vibrate; a traction mechanism comprising a spherical hinge (162); the connecting rod (140) is connected with the traction mechanism through the spherical hinge (162), wherein the traction mechanism converts vibration of the connecting rod joint (130) of the driving mechanism into reciprocating motion through the spherical hinge (162). The frequency of the test force can be conveniently adjusted by adjusting the rotation speed of the motor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a device for testing mechanical properties, in particular to a fatigue testing machine for testing fatigue mechanical properties.
Background
In engineering practice, the service life of mechanical parts is one of the main properties of mechanical devices or building structures. Many parts are subjected to dynamic loads in actual use of mechanical equipment or building structures. Unlike static loads, these components are typically subject to fatigue failure without significant deformation and yielding. Fatigue failure has a significant impact on the performance and safety of mechanical equipment or building structures. Therefore, it is necessary to perform a fatigue test for the parts to detect fatigue mechanical properties thereof.
The fatigue test is a method for measuring sigma-1 of a metal material through a metal material experiment, drawing an S-N curve of the material, further observing fatigue failure phenomenon and fracture characteristics, and further measuring the fatigue limit of the metal material through symmetrical circulation. The detection device generally uses a fatigue testing machine.
Under the action of enough large alternating stress, microcracks can be initiated at the positions of abrupt shape changes, surface scores, internal defects and the like of the metal component due to large stress concentration. The dispersed microcracks form macrocracks through the clustered communication. The formed macrocracks gradually and slowly propagate, the cross section of the component gradually weakens, and when a certain limit is reached, the component breaks suddenly. The above-mentioned failure phenomenon of metals due to alternating stresses is called fatigue of the metals. Materials with good plastic properties under static load tend to break suddenly when subjected to alternating stresses without significant plastic deformation at stresses below the yield limit. The fatigue fracture is clearly divided into two areas: smoother crack growth zones and rougher fracture zones. After the crack is formed, the two sides of the crack are opened and closed by alternating stress, the two sides are pressed and repeatedly ground, and a smooth area is formed. The break and change in magnitude of the load leaves behind a plurality of lines before cracking in the smooth area. As for the rough fracture zone, it is formed by the last abrupt fracture. Statistics show that about 70% of the failures of mechanical parts are fatigue-induced and that the resulting accidents are mostly catastrophic. Therefore, it is practically significant to experimentally study the fatigue resistance of the metal material.
At present, certain experience methods and theories are accumulated for fatigue mechanical properties at home and abroad. Based on the prior theories and methods, various fatigue testing machines are developed, and the functions and the application range are continuously increased so as to meet the requirements of fatigue tests of different materials.
Common fatigue testing machines include hydraulic servo, electromagnetic and mechanical types. The hydraulic servo type fatigue testing machine is a current advanced testing device, but tests are carried out through hydraulic control, so that the testing cost is high, the power consumption is high in a low-frequency working state, and the testing cost is high. The electromagnetic fatigue testing machine is suitable for high-frequency working conditions, is mainly used for testing ferrous metal workpieces with good fatigue performance, and has poor effect on test pieces with general fatigue performance. The mechanical fatigue testing machine is suitable for fatigue tests with low frequency requirements, has low power and low manufacturing cost, and mainly adopts the working principle that a movable rod repeatedly moves up and down according to a set stroke under a fixed frequency set by a driver so as to repeatedly compress, but the mechanical fatigue testing machine has single frequency in the working period and can not be regulated and controlled, and the actual working condition of parts can not be simulated.
In view of the above, it is necessary to develop a fatigue testing machine with high testing accuracy, adjustable locking force of the tie rod, simple operation, low cost and high efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, an aspect of the present invention provides a fatigue testing machine, comprising: the driving mechanism comprises a motor, an eccentric wheel driving mechanism and a connecting rod joint, and the rotating motion of the motor is driven by the eccentric wheel driving mechanism to vibrate the connecting rod joint; the traction mechanism comprises a spherical hinge; the connecting rod is connected with the traction mechanism through the spherical hinge, wherein: the traction mechanism converts the vibration of the connecting rod joint of the driving mechanism into reciprocating motion through the spherical hinge.
Further, the eccentric wheel driving mechanism comprises an eccentric wheel transmission shaft, an eccentric wheel and an eccentric wheel bearing, wherein the eccentric wheel is fixedly sleeved outside the eccentric wheel transmission shaft, the eccentric wheel bearing is movably sleeved outside the eccentric wheel, and the eccentric wheel bearing is connected with the connecting rod joint; the eccentric wheel receives the rotary motion of the motor and drives the eccentric wheel bearing to enable the connecting rod joint to vibrate.
Further, the eccentric drive mechanism is sufficiently lubricated; and an oil saving plate and an oil pipe joint are arranged below the eccentric wheel driving machine so as to receive the overflowed lubricant of the eccentric wheel driving mechanism, and an oil saving plate and an oil pipe joint are arranged below the lubricant mechanism so as to receive the overflowed lubricant of the eccentric wheel driving mechanism.
Further, the motor is connected with the eccentric wheel transmission shaft through a motor transmission shaft and a key.
Further, the connecting rod comprises a force sensor and an adjusting screw; the connecting rod is connected to the spherical hinge through the force sensor and the adjusting screw rod, and the force sensor is used for detecting the test force applied by the fatigue testing machine; the adjusting screw is provided with a nut, and the applied test force and the test initial clearance value of the fatigue testing machine are adjusted by adjusting the nut.
Further, the traction mechanism further comprises a cylindrical pin and a fixed pin seat; the spherical hinge and the cylindrical pin are fixed on the fixed pin seat.
Further, baffle rings are arranged at two ends of the cylindrical pin, and the baffle rings fix the cylindrical pin on the fixed pin seat.
Further, the traction mechanism further comprises a transfer block, and the traction mechanism is connected to the bearing plate through the transfer block; the bearing plate is arranged on the horizontal sliding mechanism and receives the reciprocating motion of the traction mechanism.
Further, the motor is a variable frequency motor.
Further, the driving mechanism and the horizontal sliding mechanism are arranged on the machine base of the fatigue testing machine.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the frequency of the test force can be conveniently adjusted by adjusting the rotating speed of the motor; in addition, the applied test force and the test initiation gap of the fatigue testing machine 100 can be adjusted again by adjusting the nut. Therefore, under the condition that the test piece is determined, the fatigue testing machine can truly simulate various working conditions, and the critical value of the test piece in fatigue failure in the fatigue mechanical property test can be directly obtained.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an overall view of the fatigue testing machine of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a view of a driving mechanism of the fatigue testing machine according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a drive mechanism of the fatigue testing machine according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a view of the traction mechanism of the fatigue testing machine of the present invention
In the drawings, identical or similar components are denoted by the same reference numerals.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples, without limiting the invention to these specific embodiments. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the invention encompasses all alternatives, modifications and equivalents as may be included within the scope of the claims.
It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention and the claims and the above drawings, like reference numerals refer to like parts, and the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the terms so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are, for example, capable of operation in other environments. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Integral structure of fatigue testing machine
Please refer to fig. 1. Fig. 1 shows a schematic overall structure of a fatigue testing machine 100. The fatigue testing machine 100 has a machine base 110, a mounting base 120, a driving mechanism (not shown), a link 140, a traction mechanism (not shown), and a carrier plate 180.
The driving mechanism includes a motor 122 (see fig. 2), an eccentric driving mechanism, and a link joint 130, and the rotational movement of the motor 122 through the eccentric driving mechanism causes the link joint 130 to vibrate; the traction mechanism comprises a spherical hinge 162; the link 140 is connected to a traction mechanism through a ball joint 162, and the traction mechanism converts vibration of the link joint 130 of the driving mechanism into reciprocating motion through the ball joint 162.
The test piece 190 is fixed on the base 110, and the carrier plate 180 is disposed on the horizontal sliding mechanism 186. During testing, the carrier plate 180 is brought into contact with the test piece 190 by the I-steel.
The reciprocating motion of the traction mechanism acts on the test piece 190 through the carrier plate 180, thereby performing a fatigue mechanical property test on the test piece 190. Generally, the magnitude and the frequency of the applied force of the fatigue testing machine 100 are adjusted according to the material and the actual working condition requirements of the test piece 190, so that the critical value of the fatigue failure of the test piece 190 can be obtained.
Hereinafter, the specific structure of the fatigue testing machine 100 will be described in more detail.
Driving mechanism
As shown in connection with fig. 2 and 3, the driving mechanism includes a motor 122, an eccentric driving mechanism, and a link joint 130, and the rotational movement of the motor 122 by the eccentric driving mechanism causes the link joint 130 to vibrate.
More specifically, the motor 122 is fixedly mounted to the mount 120 by the motor mount 122, and an output shaft 126 of the motor 122 transmits rotational motion to the eccentric drive mechanism and linkage 130 by a key 127.
Preferably, the motor 122 is a variable frequency motor. In order to make the structure of the driving mechanism more compact, the motor 122 may be selected to be a horizontal motor.
The link joint 130 has a hollow cylindrical portion, the eccentric bearing 134 is accommodated in the hollow cylindrical portion of the link joint 130, and a link connecting portion 138 receiving a link 140 is provided at one side of the outer circumference.
The eccentric drive mechanism converts the rotational motion of the motor 122 into vibration, causing the link joint 130 to vibrate. More specifically, the eccentric wheel driving mechanism comprises an eccentric wheel transmission shaft 132, an eccentric wheel 136 and an eccentric wheel bearing 134, wherein the eccentric wheel 136 is fixedly sleeved outside the eccentric wheel transmission shaft 132, the eccentric wheel bearing 134 is movably sleeved outside the eccentric wheel 136, and the eccentric wheel bearing 134 is connected with the connecting rod joint 130.
Further, the eccentric 126 is sleeved with an eccentric bearing 134 and a collar 135, the collar 135 enabling the eccentric bearings 134 on both sides to be fixedly separated, wherein the space is suitable for containing lubricant; a retainer ring 131 is sleeved on the eccentric drive shaft 132 to fix an eccentric 136 and an eccentric bearing 134.
The eccentric drive shaft 132 is secured to the mount 128 by a bearing mount 137 and is fixedly coupled to the mount 120.
The eccentric 136 thus receives the rotational movement of the motor 122, driving the eccentric bearing 134 to vibrate the link joint 130. That is, the output shaft 126 of the motor 122 drives the eccentric drive shaft 132 to rotate via the key 127, which in turn drives the eccentric 136 to rotate, and the rotation of the eccentric 136 drives the eccentric bearing 134 and the link joint 130 to vibrate.
Further, the eccentric drive mechanism is sufficiently lubricated by the lubricant. An oil saving plate 121 and an oil pipe joint 123 are arranged below the eccentric wheel driving mechanism to receive the lubricant overflowed from the eccentric wheel driving mechanism. The fuel saving plate 121 and the fuel pipe joint 123 may be integrally mounted on the mounting base 120 by screw fixation.
Connecting rod
The link 140 has one end connected to the link joint 130 (see fig. 2) and the other end connected to the ball pivot 162 (see fig. 4).
More specifically, the link 140 includes a force sensor 150 and an adjusting screw 160. The force sensor 150 is connected to the end of the link 140 through a joint 142, the adjusting screw 160 is connected to the other side of the force sensor 150 through another joint 161, and the adjusting screw 160 is connected to a ball joint 162. Therefore, during vibration, the spherical hinge 162 can buffer and compensate the displacement difference value of each direction, and the damage of the difference value to the structure is avoided.
Further, a nut 164 is provided on the adjusting screw 160, and the applied test force and the test initial gap value (initial gap value between the carrier plate 180 and the test piece 190) of the fatigue testing machine 100 are adjusted by adjusting the nut 164.
Traction mechanism
The traction mechanism comprises a cylindrical pin 178 connected with the spherical hinge 162, the cylindrical pin 178 penetrates through a fixed pin seat 170, and the fixed pin seat 170 is fixed with the adapter block 176 through a fixed bolt 172.
Further, the adapter block 176 is connected to the carrier plate 180 by a fixing bolt 182. The carrier plate 180 is disposed on a horizontal sliding mechanism 186, and the carrier plate 180 receives the reciprocating motion of the traction mechanism. Since the ball pivot 162 can buffer compensate for the displacement difference of each direction, and the horizontal sliding mechanism 186 moves only in the horizontal direction, the fatigue testing machine 100 applies a reciprocating horizontal dynamic load to the test piece 190.
The frequency of the test force can be adjusted by adjusting the rotational speed of the motor 122, which in turn can adjust the applied test force and the test initiation gap of the fatigue testing machine 100 by adjusting the nut 164. Therefore, under the condition that the test piece is determined, the fatigue testing machine can truly simulate various working conditions, and the critical value of the test piece in fatigue failure in the fatigue mechanical property test can be directly obtained.
As described above, although the present invention has been described with reference to the limited embodiments and the drawings, various modifications and variations can be made by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains from this description. Accordingly, other embodiments, as well as the claims and equivalents thereto, are within the scope of the claims.
Claims (8)
1. A fatigue testing machine (100), comprising:
the driving mechanism comprises a motor (122), an eccentric wheel driving mechanism and a connecting rod joint (130), wherein the rotating motion of the motor (122) is performed through the eccentric wheel driving mechanism to enable the connecting rod joint (130) to vibrate; the eccentric wheel driving mechanism comprises an eccentric wheel transmission shaft (132), an eccentric wheel (136) and an eccentric wheel bearing (134), wherein the eccentric wheel (136) is fixedly sleeved outside the eccentric wheel transmission shaft (132), the eccentric wheel bearing (134) is movably sleeved outside the eccentric wheel (136), and the eccentric wheel bearing (134) is connected with the connecting rod joint (130); the eccentric wheel (136) receives the rotary motion of the motor (122) and drives the eccentric wheel bearing (134) to vibrate the connecting rod joint (130);
a traction mechanism comprising a spherical hinge (162);
the connecting rod (140), the connecting rod (140) is connected with the traction mechanism through the spherical hinge (162); the connecting rod (140) comprises a force sensor (150) and an adjusting screw (160); the connecting rod (140) is connected to the spherical hinge (162) through the force sensor (150) and the adjusting screw (160), and the force sensor (150) detects the test force applied by the fatigue testing machine (100); the adjusting screw (160) is provided with a nut (164), and the applied test force and the test initial clearance value of the fatigue testing machine (100) are adjusted by adjusting the nut (164);
the method is characterized in that: the traction mechanism converts the vibration of the link joint (130) of the driving mechanism into a reciprocating motion through the spherical hinge (162).
2. The fatigue testing machine (100) according to claim 1, wherein,
the eccentric wheel driving mechanism is fully lubricated; and is also provided with
An oil saving plate (121) and an oil pipe joint (123) are arranged below the eccentric wheel driving mechanism so as to receive the lubricant overflowed from the eccentric wheel driving mechanism.
3. The fatigue testing machine (100) according to claim 1, wherein,
the motor (122) is connected with the eccentric wheel transmission shaft (132) through a motor transmission shaft and a key (127).
4. The fatigue testing machine (100) according to claim 1, wherein,
the traction mechanism further comprises a cylindrical pin (178) and a fixed pin seat (170); the spherical hinge (162) and the cylindrical pin (178) are fixed on the fixed pin seat (170).
5. The fatigue testing machine (100) according to claim 4, wherein,
baffle rings are arranged at two ends of the cylindrical pin (178), and fix the cylindrical pin (178) on the fixed pin seat (170).
6. The fatigue testing machine (100) according to claim 5, wherein,
the traction mechanism further comprises a transfer block (176), and the traction mechanism is connected to a bearing plate (180) through the transfer block (176);
the carrier plate (180) is arranged on a horizontal sliding mechanism (186), and the carrier plate (180) receives the reciprocating motion of the traction mechanism.
7. The fatigue testing machine (100) according to claim 1, wherein,
the motor (122) is a variable frequency motor.
8. The fatigue testing machine (100) according to claim 6, wherein,
the driving mechanism and the horizontal sliding mechanism (186) are arranged on the machine base (110) of the fatigue testing machine (100).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710650490.3A CN107389481B (en) | 2017-08-02 | 2017-08-02 | Fatigue testing machine |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710650490.3A CN107389481B (en) | 2017-08-02 | 2017-08-02 | Fatigue testing machine |
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| CN107389481A CN107389481A (en) | 2017-11-24 |
| CN107389481B true CN107389481B (en) | 2023-05-26 |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108489726B (en) * | 2018-05-23 | 2024-05-17 | 江苏科信燃气设备有限公司 | Durability detection device for gas pressure regulator membrane |
| CN112554869B (en) * | 2021-02-25 | 2021-07-09 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | Hinge support and test equipment |
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