CN107389449B - A kind of filling in mine material compression property experimental provision and its experimental method - Google Patents
A kind of filling in mine material compression property experimental provision and its experimental method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107389449B CN107389449B CN201710656508.0A CN201710656508A CN107389449B CN 107389449 B CN107389449 B CN 107389449B CN 201710656508 A CN201710656508 A CN 201710656508A CN 107389449 B CN107389449 B CN 107389449B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
- G01N3/066—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means with electrical indicating or recording means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/0617—Electrical or magnetic indicating, recording or sensing means
- G01N2203/0635—Electrical or magnetic indicating, recording or sensing means using magnetic properties
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of filling in mine material compression property experimental provision and its experimental methods, experimental provision is placed on press machine, cavity including containing filler, bleeding structure is arranged in the bottom end of cavity, the other end is by the piston seal that slides in cavity, the bottom end of cavity is placed on the lower bearing plate of press machine, and the pressure-bearing column of piston connection is contacted with the upper bearing plate of press machine；The outer wall of cavity is sticked in axially different position several hoop strain pieces, hoop strain piece is connect with statical strain indicator, displacement sensor is additionally provided between the upper bearing plate of press machine and lower bearing plate, the computer that statical strain indicator and displacement sensor are connect with press machine measuring system respectively is connected by signal.The present invention can monitor decrement and steel cylinder outer wall of the filler under different stress by the measuring system of press machine and strain size, and structure is simple, and easy to operate, the compression property suitable for obturations such as dry stowing, hydraulic filling and consolidated fills is tested.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to filling in mine to exploit field, and in particular to a kind of filling in mine material compression property experimental provision and
Its experimental method.
Background technique
The method of mining by the way of filling is not only highly-safe, but also can effectively reduce the loss, dilution and the heap for solving tailing of ore
Problem is put and polluted, while being conducive to the disasters such as mine air leakage, hot evil, bump, ore autoignition and coal and gas prominent
Prevention and treatment, it is relatively broad in all kinds of Application in mining at present.The compression property of filler influences face surrounding rock movement and deformation rule,
It is the important performance assessment criteria of filling in mine quality.Filling bulk compressibility is bigger, and strata movement range is bigger, and stationary phase is longer, more
It is unfavorable for the stability contorting of country rock.Currently, the existing scholar of bearer properties for 28d age cemented fill conducts a research and takes
It obtains and is centainly in progress, but dry stowing material, hydraulic filling body are ground with the compression property few people of age cemented fill early
Study carefully, load-carrying properties are still unknown.As it can be seen that tailings dry in metal mine, different water cut tailings with age tailings early
The compression property of the low-intensity filler such as cemented fill conducts a research and seems particularly necessary, it is to mine strata movement rule
Analysis, mining subsidence control, stope ground pressure management and filling process optimization etc. are of great significance, while can be in architectural engineering
Ground rubble, which changes, doses the subject studies such as subgrade compaction offer reference in solid and traffic engineering.
Chinese patent CN203053782U and Chinese patent CN105181463A individually discloses a kind of waste filling experiment
Compression mould and a kind of aqueous spoil compression test device and its experimental method, they mainly in coal mine when dry stowing do
The compression property of dry spoil and aqueous spoil is tested, but filling in mine technique further includes hydraulic filling and consolidated fill, on
The fillers such as the tailings that technical solution is not suitable in metal mine are stated, and it is cementing not account for cementitious matter effect lower early age
The compression property of obturation, while having ignored friction effect caused by confining pressure during confined compression.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem solved by the present invention is right during confined compression to filler for lacking in the prior art
The device that confining pressure is tested provides a kind of filling in mine material compression property experimental provision and its experimental method, can be with
Dry tailings or barren rock, different water cut tailings, early age Cemented Filling are under different stress in measurement metal mine
Decrement (rate) and the confining pressure that barrel is generated.
The present invention adopts the following technical scheme that realization:
A kind of filling in mine material compression property experimental provision, the experimental provision are placed on press machine, including are contained and filled
The cavity of filling chock material, the bottom end of the cavity are arranged bleeding structure, and the other end is by the piston seal that slides in cavity, wherein institute
The bottom end for stating cavity is placed on the lower bearing plate of press machine, and the piston connects pressure-bearing column and by the upper of pressure-bearing column and press machine
Bearing plate contact；
The outer wall of the cavity is sticked in axially different position several hoop strain pieces, the hoop strain piece and static state
Deformeter connection, is additionally provided with displacement sensor, the statical strain indicator between the upper bearing plate of the press machine and lower bearing plate
It is connected with the computer that displacement sensor is connect with press machine measuring system respectively by signal.
Further, the cavity is constituted by top cover, bottom cover and with chassis steel cylinder；The top cover and bottom cover are coaxial solid respectively
The both ends with chassis steel cylinder are scheduled on, wherein the center of top cover is equipped with the pilot hole passed through for pressure-bearing column, the bottom cover and the bottom of with
The fixed overlapping in the chassis of disk steel cylinder, the inner cylinder with chassis steel cylinder form the closed cavity for containing filler, the bottom cover
The geotextiles being arranged between several bleeding holes of upper setting and the bottom cover and chassis with chassis steel cylinder form bleeding structure.
Further, the top cover and bottom cover are strained and fixed by circumferential equally distributed screw arbor assembly in band chassis steel cylinder
Both ends；The top cover and chassis with chassis steel cylinder are equipped with several one-to-one through-holes, the bottom along same circumference respectively
The same circumference of lid is equipped with several difference screw hole coaxial with the through hole, and the screw arbor assembly includes screw rod and two groups of nuts, institute
It states screw rod to pass through coaxial through-hole and be spirally connected with screw hole fixation, wherein bottom cover and chassis with chassis steel cylinder are overlapped by one group of nut
Top cover and bottom cover are strained and fixed at the both ends with chassis steel cylinder by locking, another group of nut.
Further, the inner wall polishing grinding processing with chassis steel cylinder, inner wall are coated with lubricant grease, and along axial direction
Direction indicates scale.
Further, the circumference circumferential direction of the piston is equipped at least two circle O-ring seals, and the piston passes through O-shaped sealing
Circle is in close contact with the inner wall with chassis steel cylinder.
Further, the end face center of the piston is equipped with groove identical with pressure-bearing column section, pressure-bearing column one end
It is fitted into a groove, the other end is stretched out from the pilot hole on top cover.
Preferably, the hoop strain piece is separately positioned on 1/4,1/2 and 3/4 height and position of corresponding filler.
In a kind of filling in mine material compression property experimental provision of the invention, the press machine is tried using rock mechanics
Machine is tested, institute's displacement sensors use LVDT displacement sensor.
The invention also discloses a kind of experimental methods of above-mentioned filling in mine material compression property experimental provision, specific to wrap
Include following steps:
Step 1: first bottom cover being placed on level land, geotextiles are laid on bottom cover, band chassis steel cylinder is placed on bottom cover soil
On work cloth, the screw hole on through-hole and bottom cover on steel cylinder chassis is allowed to correspond, with screw rod by bottom cover and with chassis steel cylinder spiral shell
Mother is fixed up；
Step 2: in the inner wall coating lubricating oil rouge with chassis steel cylinder, then uniformly filling filler weighted in advance
Enter steel cylinder, be loaded into the device for assembling step 1 after high experimental and be placed on concrete vibrating stand and slightly vibrate, guarantees filler
It loads closely knit；
Step 3: the piston for being equipped with O-ring seal being put into band chassis steel cylinder and is in close contact with filler, then
Pressure-bearing column is put into upper piston area circular groove, top cover, the nut tightened on screw rod fixes experimental provision；
Step 4: the experimental provision fixed being placed between the upper and lower bearing plate of rock mechanics experiment machine, is being held above and below
LVDT displacement sensor is installed between pressing plate；
Step 5: symmetrically pacifying at 1/4,1/2 and 3/4 position for corresponding to filler filling height with chassis steel cylinder outer wall
Hoop strain piece is filled, and hoop strain piece is connect with statical strain indicator；
Step 6: debugging rock mechanics experiment machine measuring system, displacement sensor and statical strain indicator, setting load parameter
And goal condition；
Step 7: starting to test, guarantee that rock mechanics experiment machine measuring system, displacement sensor are synchronous with statical strain indicator
It opens, stops experiment after reaching goal condition, experimental data is recorded and saved using computer；
Step 8: removing experimental provision, the filler after cleaning compacting arranges experimental data and carries out compression property point
Analysis, and calculated by following two formula with confining pressure suffered by the steel cylinder inner wall of chassis:
In formula, q1For with confining pressure suffered by the steel cylinder inner wall of chassis；σφTo be answered with circumferential direction suffered by the steel cylinder outer wall of chassis
Power；A is band chassis steel cylinder inner wall radius；B is band chassis steel cylinder exterior radius；εφTo be answered with circumferential direction suffered by the steel cylinder outer wall of chassis
Become, μ is band chassis steel cylinder barrel Poisson's ratio, and E is band chassis steel cylinder barrel elasticity modulus；
Corresponding hoop strain is measured according to the hoop strain piece pasted with chassis steel cylinder outer wall different location, utilizes formula
(2) circumference stress σ can be found outφ, then bring formula (1) into and can acquire confining pressure q suffered by cylinder inner wall1, it is further according to friction
Number can find out frictional force suffered by barrel in compression process, and then analyze the relationship of compression property and lateral confinement frictional force.
Further, if filler is the filler containing cementitious matter, the experimental provision of filler will be also housed
Constant-temp. and-moisture maintenance is put into be conserved according to underground climatic environment.
Compared with prior art, the present invention having the following beneficial effects:
(1) structure is simple
The device includes top cover, bottom cover, band chassis steel cylinder, pressure-bearing column and the components such as piston and screw rod, is connected between component
It connects closely, and device dismounting is simple.Component keeps concentric carrying in compression process, and load is uniformly passed by pressure-bearing column and piston
It is delivered on filler.
(2) good airproof performance
Piston circumferential direction is furnished at least two seals groove, and piston is contacted with steel cylinder inner wall by O-shaped rubber seal, close
It is good to seal effect, fine grained and compression Free water are difficult to spill into above piston in compression process.
(3) friction effect quantification
When piston is pressurized and filler contacts, piston can not be ignored with the frictional force on the inside of barrel.To reduce friction effect
It answers, in addition to other than piston circumferential direction installs sealing ring, cylinder inner wall is handled and tested preceding coating lubricating oil rouge using polishing grinding.
Barrel inside confining pressure in compression process can be found out according to side strain size outside barrel, realizes the quantification of friction effect.
(4) applied widely
The device in addition to can to dry tailings, different water cut tailings and the different larval instar tailings adhesive bond in metal mine into
The test of row compression property is outer, can also be to ground rubble in the cementitious materials such as small scale barren rock, flyash, cement and architectural engineering
Carry out test with the compression property of the roadbed filling in traffic engineering.
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the invention will be further described.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the filling in mine material compression property experimental provision structural schematic diagram in embodiment.
Fig. 2 is the capping top view in embodiment.
Fig. 3 is the band chassis steel cylinder top view in embodiment.
Fig. 4 is the bottom cover top view in embodiment.
Fig. 5 is the piston top view in embodiment.
Fig. 6 is the test macro connection schematic diagram of the filling in mine material compression property experimental provision in embodiment.
Fig. 7 is the stress compression rate characteristic curve in embodiment.
Fig. 8 is confining pressure and vertical loading stress corresponding relationship curve in the compression process in embodiment.
Figure label: 1-round pressure-bearing column, 2-nuts, 3-grooves, 4-O-ring seals, 5-pistons, 6-filling materials
Material, 7-bottom covers, 8-blind screwholes, 9-pilot holes, 10-through-holes, 11-top covers, 12-band chassis steel cylinders, 13-hoop strains
Piece, 14-screw rods, 15-geotextiles, 16-bleeding holes, 17-LVDT displacement sensors, pressure-bearing in 18-rock mechanics experiment machines
Plate, 19-compression test devices, 20-statical strain indicators, 21-rock mechanics experiment machine measuring systems, the examination of 22-rock mechanics
Test bearing plate under machine, 23-computers.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1-6, one of diagram filling in mine material compression property experimental provision is preferred embodiment of the invention,
Specifically include round pressure-bearing column 1, nut 2, sealing ring 4, piston 5, bottom cover 7, top cover 11, band chassis steel cylinder 12, hoop strain piece
13, the components such as screw rod 14, geotextiles 15.
Wherein, bottom cover 7, top cover 11 and the cavity that splendid attire filler 6 is constituted with chassis steel cylinder 12, in the main body of the cavity
For the cylindrical cavity with chassis steel cylinder 12, the bottom with chassis steel cylinder 12 and bottom cover 7 are set along bleeding structure, guarantee filling
Moisture discharge of the material in compression process, top and top cover 11 are fixed, and piston 5, piston 5 and steel cylinder is arranged in steel cylinder inner cavity
Inner wall is close to seal and can slide along steel cylinder inner wall, and the device for constituting cavity is vertically placed on press machine, the present embodiment
Press machine use rock mechanics experiment machine, wherein bottom cover 7 is placed under rock mechanics experiment machine on bearing plate 22, and piston 5 is logical
It crosses round pressure-bearing column 1 to connect with bearing plate 18 in external rock mechanics experiment machine, the filler into cavity transmits pressure
Load.
Specifically as shown in fig. 6, being arranged on the outer wall with chassis steel cylinder 12 by several hoop strain pieces 13, filled for detecting
It is strained caused by steel cylinder wall during filling chock material compression experiment, inner wall lateral confinement is solved using Elasticity according to the strain of measurement
Pressure, the present embodiment are arranged by three groups of hoop strain pieces 13 in the axially different position with chassis steel cylinder outer wall, are preferably provided at
1/4,1/2 and 3/4 height and position of corresponding filler, three groups of hoop strain pieces 13 pass through signal wire and statical strain indicator respectively
20 connections.In addition, being additionally provided between bearing plate 22 under bearing plate 18 and rock mechanics experiment machine in rock mechanics experiment machine
LVDT displacement sensor 17, for detecting the compression displacement in filler compression process, LVDT displacement sensor 17 and quiet
State deformeter 20 is connected by the computer 23 that signal wire is connect with rock mechanics experiment machine measuring system 21 respectively, passes through calculating
The software input measurement parameter installed on machine 23 and the measurement parameter of sensor collection is calculated and shown.About for
The software for calculation of filler is existing Rock Mechanics Test frequently-used data processing software, and this will not be repeated here for the present embodiment.
Specifically, being cylindrical member with chassis steel cylinder 12, bottom is equipped with a flange chassis, and top cover 11 and bottom cover 7 are distinguished
The both ends with chassis steel cylinder 12 coaxially are fixed on, what the pressure-bearing column that wherein center of top cover 11 is equipped with for rabbeting with piston passed through
Pilot hole 9, bottom cover 7 is Chong Die with the chassis fixation with chassis steel cylinder 12, five groups of bleeding holes 16 is equipped on bottom cover 7, on bottom cover 7
One layer of geotextiles 15 are laid with, then the chassis with chassis steel cylinder 12 and bottom cover 7 are fixed and clamped geotextiles, bleeding hole 16 and geotechnique
Cloth 15 is formed together bleeding structure, and geotextiles 15 can be avoided the fine grain loss of filler in compression process, while can also
Enough guarantee that the moisture inside filler is discharged by compression.
Top cover 11 and bottom cover 7 are strained and fixed by circumferential equally distributed four groups of screw arbor assemblies in two with chassis steel cylinder 12
End.It is specific as shown in Figure 2, Figure 3 and Figure 4, be equipped with respectively along same circumference in top cover 11 and chassis edge with chassis steel cylinder 12
The same circumference of four groups of one-to-one through-holes 10, bottom cover 7 is equipped with four groups of difference blind screwhole 8 coaxial with the through hole, every group of spiral shell
Bar assembly respectively includes a screw rod 14 and two groups of nuts 2, coaxially positions by bottom cover 7 and with chassis steel cylinder 12, by four screw rods
14 one end sequentially pass through the through-hole 10 on the chassis with chassis steel cylinder 12 and are spirally connected with the fixation of blind screwhole 8 on bottom cover 7, pass through wherein one
Bottom cover 7 and chassis with chassis steel cylinder 12 are overlapped locking by group nut, and the screw rod other end passes through the through-hole 10 on top cover 11, another
Group nut 2 is screwed on the screw rod of 7 top of top cover, and top cover and bottom cover are strained and fixed at the both ends with chassis steel cylinder, dress is completed
The Standard set.When carrying out filler experiment, first screw rod one end is screwed into the blind screwhole of bottom cover by bottom cover and the bottom of with
Disk steel cylinder is fixed, then to after the completion of steel cylinder inner load, top cover, then tighten the screw rod other end with nut and fix entire dress
It sets.
As shown in figure 5, the end face center of piston 5 is equipped with circular groove 3 identical with round 1 section of pressure-bearing column, circle is held
1 one end of compression leg is entrenched in groove 3, and the other end is stretched out from the pilot hole 9 on top cover 11.Piston 5 is located in band chassis steel cylinder 12,
It is placed in 6 top of filler of certain altitude, the circumference circumferential direction of piston 5 is equipped at least two circle O-ring seals 4, and by O-shaped close
Seal 4 is in close contact with the inner wall with chassis steel cylinder 12.Inner wall polishing grinding processing with chassis steel cylinder 12, inner wall are coated with profit
Lubricating oil rouge, and scale is in axial direction indicated, for being packed into quantitative filler.
In actual processing assembling process, top cover 11, bottom cover 7, the axis with chassis steel cylinder 12, piston 5 and round pressure-bearing column 1
On the same line, material is 45# hardened steel to line.The diameter of piston 5 is 1mm smaller than the internal diameter with chassis steel cylinder 12, piston ring
To twice groove is distributed with, O-ring seal, which is installed, is in close contact piston 5 with the inner wall with chassis steel cylinder, round
The diameter of pressure-bearing column 1 is equal with 3 diameter of groove on piston, 2mm smaller than 9 diameter of pilot hole on top cover 11, round pressure-bearing column
Top passes through top cover round guide hole and contacts transmitting load with bearing plate in rock mechanics experiment machine
The implementation process of the present embodiment is described in detail below in conjunction with a specific experiment process.
11 diameter of top cover in the present embodiment is 305mm, and with a thickness of 10mm, there are the diameters of round guide hole 9 at center is
52mm, there are for four circular through holes 10 needed for the fixed device of screw rod 14, through-hole diameter 10mm for top cover surrounding.
Chassis with chassis steel cylinder 12 is welded on steel cylinder, considers that filler sample ratio of height to diameter is not less than 2 and cylinder
Internal diameter and the largest particles diameter are than in 3~5 times or more of requirement, steel cylinder inner diameter 105mm, height 250mm, wall thickness 10mm,
Chassis thickness 10mm.Steel cylinder inner wall indicates scale, and inner wall has carried out polishing grinding processing.The outer diameter on steel cylinder chassis is 305mm,
Upper and top cover 11 uniformly drives the through-hole there are four aperture for 10mm.Outer wall with chassis steel cylinder 12 loads along filler high respectively
Degree symmetrically posts three groups of hoop strain pieces 13 at (being unified for 210mm) 1/4,1/2 and 3/4 position.
It is 5mm bleeding hole 16 that the center of bottom cover 7, which is uniformly distributed five apertures, and edge is evenly distributed with and with chassis steel cylinder
The corresponding blind screwhole of through-hole 10, aperture 5mm, hole depth 5mm.The diameter of bottom cover 7 is 305mm, with a thickness of 10mm, in 7 He of bottom cover
One layer of geotextiles 15 are laid between chassis with chassis steel cylinder 12.
The diameter 49mm of piston 5, with a thickness of 20mm, twice groove is distributed in piston circumferential direction, mounting O-shaped sealing ring in groove
4 are in close contact piston 5 with the inner wall with chassis steel cylinder 12, and 3 internal diameter of groove that 5 top surface of piston is equipped with is 50mm, and depth is
2mm。
Round pressure-bearing column 1 passes through the pilot hole 9 on top cover 11, and the groove 3 on bottom and piston 5, which is realized, to be rabbeted, top with
Bearing plate 18 contacts in rock mechanics experiment machine, and it is highly 200mm that the diameter of round pressure-bearing column 1, which is 50mm,.
Screw thread is distributed in 14 overall length of screw rod, uses in the blind screwhole 8 that one end is screwed on bottom cover by bottom cover 7 and with chassis steel cylinder 12
Nut 2 tightens fixation, and filler 6 is attached to design height Shi Houzai top cover 11 in steel cylinder, then in 14 other end of screw rod
It tightens nut 2 top cover 11 is fixed at the top of steel cylinder, realizes the fixation of whole device；
Top cover 11, bottom cover 7, band chassis steel cylinder 12, piston 5 and 1 material of pressure-bearing column are 45# hardened steel, elasticity modulus
210GPa, Poisson's ratio 0.23.
Compression test device 19 is placed in rock mechanics experiment machine bearing plate under bearing plate 18 and rock mechanics experiment machine
Between 22, the measuring system for experiment includes rock mechanics experiment machine measuring system 21, measures and hold in rock mechanics experiment machine
The static state of the LVDT displacement sensor 17 of height and measurement steel cylinder outer wall different location strain between pressing plate 18 and lower bearing plate 22
Deformeter 20, filler when containing cementitious matter, also need constant-temp. and-moisture maintenance to carry out precuring.
Specific step is as follows for experimentation:
Step 1: first bottom cover being placed on level land, geotextiles are laid on bottom cover, band chassis steel cylinder is placed on bottom cover soil
On work cloth, the blind screwhole on through-hole and bottom cover on steel cylinder chassis is allowed to correspond, is used with screw rod by bottom cover and with chassis steel cylinder
Nut is fixed up；
Step 2: in the inner wall coating lubricating oil rouge with chassis steel cylinder, such as oil emulsion, then by filling weighted in advance
Material is uniformly packed into steel cylinder, is loaded into the device for assembling step 1 after high experimental and is placed on concrete vibrating stand and slightly vibrates, and protects
Card filler filling is closely knit, and filling material height is not less than 210mm after vibrating；
Step 3: the piston for being equipped with O-ring seal being put into band chassis steel cylinder and is in close contact with filler, then
Pressure-bearing column is put into upper piston area circular groove, top cover, the nut tightened on screw rod fixes experimental provision；If research
The compression property of the filler containing cementitious matter, need by equipped with filler experimental provision be put into constant-temp. and-moisture maintenance according to
Underground climatic environment is conserved.When testing to the filler without cementitious matter, this step is ignored.
Step 4: the experimental provision fixed being placed between the upper and lower bearing plate of rock mechanics experiment machine, is being held above and below
LVDT displacement sensor is installed between pressing plate；
Step 5: symmetrically pacifying at 1/4,1/2 and 3/4 position for corresponding to filler filling height with chassis steel cylinder outer wall
Hoop strain piece is filled, and hoop strain piece is connect with statical strain indicator；
Step 6: debugging rock mechanics experiment machine measuring system, displacement sensor and statical strain indicator, setting load parameter
And goal condition；
Step 7: starting to test, guarantee that rock mechanics experiment machine measuring system, displacement sensor are synchronous with statical strain indicator
It opens, stops experiment after reaching goal condition, experimental data is recorded and saved using computer；
Step 8: removing experimental provision, the filler after cleaning compacting arranges experimental data and carries out compression property point
Analysis, and calculated by following calculating process with confining pressure suffered by the steel cylinder inner wall of chassis:
Compression ratio of the filler measured according to test macro under different stress, can obtain the stress-of filler
Compression ratio characteristic curve.It should be noted that confining pressure can generate significant friction effect in compression process, filling material is analyzed
When expecting compression deflection characteristics and energy consumption characters, the effect of frictional force be can not be ignored.The Lame being pressurized according to cylinder in Elasticity
Answer formula:
In formula, q1For with pressure suffered by the steel cylinder inner wall of chassis；q2For with pressure suffered by the steel cylinder outer wall of chassis；σρFor band
Radial stress suffered by the steel cylinder of chassis；σφFor with circumference stress suffered by the steel cylinder of chassis；A is the inside radius with chassis steel cylinder；B is
Outer radius with chassis steel cylinder；ρ is the distance that axle center is arrived with point in the steel cylinder barrel of chassis；
In test, since the outer wall with chassis steel cylinder does not stress, i.e. q2It is 0, with chassis steel cylinder only by the work of inner wall pressure
With, therefore steel cylinder outer wall radial stress σ is obtained by formula (1)ρIt is 0, only exists circumference stress σφ, while ρ=b, formula (2) simplify are as follows:
The problem on deformation of steel cylinder belongs to plane strain problems, is indicated with the Hooke's law under polar coordinates are as follows:
In formula, εφFor with hoop strain suffered by the steel cylinder outer wall of chassis, μ is the Poisson's ratio with chassis steel cylinder, E is band chassis
The elasticity modulus of steel cylinder.
Corresponding hoop strain is measured according to the hoop strain piece 13 pasted with chassis steel cylinder outer wall different location, utilizes formula
(5) average circumference stress σ can be found outφ, then bring formula (4) into and can acquire confining pressure q suffered by cylinder inner wall1, then basis
Coefficient of friction can find out frictional force suffered by barrel in compression process.
Using two step stope hydraulic filling of San-Shan-Dao Gold Mine as engineering background, the tailings compression carried out under different water cut is special
Property experiment.Tailings is to select factory's classified tailings (- 37 μm), and the dry density that interior measures tailings is 2.55g/cm3, specific surface area is
104m2/ kg, nonuniformity coefficient 5.77, coefficient of curvature 1.63 show that tailings size distribution is uneven, and gradation continuity is good
It is good.It is illustrated for selecting the experiment under the conditions of moisture content is 12% in the experiment of different water cut tailings compression property, it is real
It tests using the continuous loading method control of load, target stress 30MPa, loading velocity 4kN/s are obtained and obeyed exponential function point
The stress compression rate characteristic curve of cloth, such as Fig. 7.Bring the average hoop strain that 3 groups of hoop strain pieces of steel cylinder outer wall measure into formula
(5) and formula (4) calculates confining pressure in compression process, based on time synchronization corresponding relationship can obtain in compression process confining pressure with
Vertical loading stress corresponding relationship curve such as Fig. 8.As seen from the figure, confining pressure proportional example function approximate with vertical loading stress
Relationship, slope, that is, coefficient of horizontal pressure are that 1.4,45# hardened steel is 0.25 with the coefficient of friction of rock particles in the case where emulsifying oil lubrication, by
This can calculate confining pressure and frictional force of the tailings under 12% moisture content under different stress.Similarly, other moisture content and contain
Compression ratio, confining pressure and frictional force of the obturation under different stress under the conditions of cementitious matter is referring to above-mentioned experimental procedure
It realizes.
Embodiment above describes basic principles and main features of the invention and advantages of the present invention, the technologies of the industry
Personnel are it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and description only describe this
The concrete operating principle of invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention also have various change and change
Into these changes and improvements all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention, and the claimed scope of the invention is by appended right
Claim and its equivalent thereof.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of filling in mine material compression property experimental method, it is characterised in that: the experimental provision of use is placed on press machine,
The experimental provision includes the cavity for containing filler, and bleeding structure is arranged in the bottom end of the cavity, and the other end is by cavity
The piston seal of sliding, wherein the bottom end of the cavity is placed on the lower bearing plate of press machine, and the piston connection pressure-bearing column is simultaneously
It is contacted by pressure-bearing column with the upper bearing plate of press machine；
The cavity is constituted by top cover, bottom cover and with chassis steel cylinder, and the top cover and bottom cover are coaxially fixed on band chassis steel respectively
The both ends of cylinder, wherein the center of top cover is equipped with the pilot hole passed through for pressure-bearing column, the bottom cover and the chassis with chassis steel cylinder
Fixed overlapping, the inner cylinder with chassis steel cylinder form the cavity for containing filler, several bleedings being arranged on the bottom cover
The geotextiles being arranged between hole and the bottom cover and chassis with chassis steel cylinder form bleeding structure；
The outer wall of the cavity is sticked in axially different position several hoop strain pieces, the hoop strain piece and static strain
Instrument connection, is additionally provided with displacement sensor, the statical strain indicator and position between the upper bearing plate of the press machine and lower bearing plate
The computer that displacement sensor is connect with press machine measuring system respectively is connected by signal；
Specifically includes the following steps:
Step 1: first bottom cover being placed on level land, geotextiles are laid on bottom cover, band chassis steel cylinder is placed on bottom cover geotextiles
On, it allows the screw hole on through-hole and bottom cover on steel cylinder chassis to correspond, is consolidated with screw rod by bottom cover and with chassis steel cylinder nut
Get up calmly；
Step 2: in the inner wall coating lubricating oil rouge with chassis steel cylinder, filler weighted in advance being uniformly then packed into steel
Cylinder, is loaded into the device for assembling step 1 after high experimental and is placed on concrete vibrating stand and slightly vibrate, and guarantees filler dress
Packing is real；
Step 3: the piston for being equipped with O-ring seal being put into band chassis steel cylinder and is in close contact with filler, then will be held
Compression leg is put into upper piston area circular groove, top cover, and the nut tightened on screw rod fixes experimental provision；
Step 4: the experimental provision fixed being placed between the upper and lower bearing plate of rock mechanics experiment machine, in upper and lower bearing plate
Between install LVDT displacement sensor；
Step 5: be symmetrically sticked ring at 1/4,1/2 and 3/4 position for corresponding to filler filling height with chassis steel cylinder outer wall
It is connect to foil gauge, and by hoop strain piece with statical strain indicator；
Step 6: debugging rock mechanics experiment machine measuring system, displacement sensor and statical strain indicator, setting load parameter and mesh
Mark condition；
Step 7: start to test, guarantees that rock mechanics experiment machine measuring system, displacement sensor are synchronous with statical strain indicator and open,
Stop experiment after reaching goal condition, experimental data is recorded and saved using computer；
Step 8: experimental provision is removed, the filler after cleaning compacting arranges experimental data and carries out compression property analysis, and
It is calculated by following two formula with confining pressure suffered by the steel cylinder inner wall of chassis:
In formula, q1For with confining pressure suffered by the steel cylinder inner wall of chassis；σφFor with circumference stress suffered by the steel cylinder inner wall of chassis；A is
Band chassis steel cylinder inner wall radius；B is band chassis steel cylinder exterior radius；εφFor with hoop strain suffered by the steel cylinder outer wall of chassis, μ is
Band chassis steel cylinder barrel Poisson's ratio, E are band chassis steel cylinder barrel elasticity modulus；
Corresponding hoop strain is measured according to the hoop strain piece pasted with chassis steel cylinder outer wall different location, it can using formula (2)
Find out circumference stress σφ, then bring formula (1) into and can acquire confining pressure q suffered by cylinder inner wall1, can be asked further according to coefficient of friction
Frictional force suffered by barrel in compression process out, and then analyze the relationship between compression property and lateral confinement frictional force.
2. a kind of filling in mine material compression property experimental method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: if filling material
Material is the filler containing cementitious matter, and the experimental provision equipped with filler is also put into constant-temp. and-moisture maintenance according to underground
Climatic environment is conserved.
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